gcc/ada/s-wchcon.ads

   1 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
   2 --                                                                          --
   3 --                         GNAT COMPILER COMPONENTS                         --
   4 --                                                                          --
   5 --                       S Y S T E M . W C H _ C O N                        --
   6 --                                                                          --
   7 --                                 S p e c                                  --
   8 --                                                                          --
   9 --          Copyright (C) 1992-2014, Free Software Foundation, Inc.         --
  10 --                                                                          --
  11 -- GNAT is free software;  you can  redistribute it  and/or modify it under --
  12 -- terms of the  GNU General Public License as published  by the Free Soft- --
  13 -- ware  Foundation;  either version 3,  or (at your option) any later ver- --
  14 -- sion.  GNAT is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITH- --
  15 -- OUT ANY WARRANTY;  without even the  implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY --
  16 -- or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.                                     --
  17 --                                                                          --
  18 -- As a special exception under Section 7 of GPL version 3, you are granted --
  19 -- additional permissions described in the GCC Runtime Library Exception,   --
  20 -- version 3.1, as published by the Free Software Foundation.               --
  21 --                                                                          --
  22 -- You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License and    --
  23 -- a copy of the GCC Runtime Library Exception along with this program;     --
  24 -- see the files COPYING3 and COPYING.RUNTIME respectively.  If not, see    --
  25 -- <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.                                          --
  26 --                                                                          --
  27 -- GNAT was originally developed  by the GNAT team at  New York University. --
  28 -- Extensive contributions were provided by Ada Core Technologies Inc.      --
  29 --                                                                          --
  30 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  31
  32 --  This package defines the codes used to identify the encoding method for
  33 --  wide characters in string and character constants. This is needed both
  34 --  at compile time and at runtime (for the wide character runtime routines)
  35
  36 --  This unit may be used directly from an application program by providing
  37 --  an appropriate WITH, and the interface can be expected to remain stable.
  38
  39 pragma Compiler_Unit_Warning;
  40
  41 package System.WCh_Con is
  42    pragma Pure;
  43
  44    -------------------------------------
  45    -- Wide_Character Encoding Methods --
  46    -------------------------------------
  47
  48    --  A wide character encoding method is a method for uniquely representing
  49    --  a Wide_Character or Wide_Wide_Character value using a one or more
  50    --  Character values. Three types of encoding method are supported by GNAT:
  51
  52    --    An escape encoding method uses ESC as the first character of the
  53    --    sequence, and subsequent characters determine the wide character
  54    --    value that is represented. Any character other than ESC stands
  55    --    for itself as a single byte (i.e. any character in Latin-1, other
  56    --    than ESC itself, is represented as a single character: itself).
  57
  58    --    An upper half encoding method uses a character in the upper half
  59    --    range (i.e. in the range 16#80# .. 16#FF#) as the first byte of
  60    --    a wide character encoding sequence. Subsequent characters are
  61    --    used to determine the wide character value that is represented.
  62    --    Any character in the lower half (16#00# .. 16#7F#) represents
  63    --    itself as a single character.
  64
  65    --    The brackets notation, where a wide character is represented by the
  66    --    sequence ["xx"] or ["xxxx"] or ["xxxxxx"] where xx are hexadecimal
  67    --    characters. Note that currently this is the only encoding that
  68    --    supports the full UTF-32 range.
  69
  70    --  Note that GNAT does not currently support escape-in, escape-out
  71    --  encoding methods, where an escape sequence is used to set a mode
  72    --  used to recognize subsequent characters. All encoding methods use
  73    --  individual character-by-character encodings, so that a sequence of
  74    --  wide characters is represented by a sequence of encodings.
  75
  76    --  To add new encoding methods, the following steps are required:
  77
  78    --     1.  Define a code for a new value of type WC_Encoding_Method
  79    --     2.  Adjust the definition of WC_Encoding_Method accordingly
  80    --     3.  Provide appropriate conversion routines in System.WCh_Cnv
  81    --     4.  Adjust definition of WC_Longest_Sequence if necessary
  82    --     5.  Add an entry in WC_Encoding_Letters for the new method
  83    --     6.  Add proper code to s-wchstw.adb, s-wchwts.adb, s-widwch.adb
  84    --     7.  Update documentation (remember section on form strings)
  85
  86    --  Note that the WC_Encoding_Method values must be kept ordered so that
  87    --  the definitions of the subtypes WC_Upper_Half_Encoding_Method and
  88    --  WC_ESC_Encoding_Method are still correct.
  89
  90    ---------------------------------
  91    -- Encoding Method Definitions --
  92    ---------------------------------
  93
  94    type WC_Encoding_Method is range 1 .. 6;
  95    --  Type covering the range of values used to represent wide character
  96    --  encoding methods. An enumeration type might be a little neater, but
  97    --  more trouble than it's worth, given the need to pass these values
  98    --  from the compiler to the backend, and to record them in the ALI file.
  99
 100    WCEM_Hex : constant WC_Encoding_Method := 1;
 101    --  The wide character with code 16#abcd# is represented by the escape
 102    --  sequence ESC a b c d (five characters, where abcd are ASCII hex
 103    --  characters, using upper case for letters). This method is easy
 104    --  to deal with in external environments that do not support wide
 105    --  characters, and covers the whole 16-bit BMP. Codes larger than
 106    --  16#FFFF# are not representable using this encoding method.
 107
 108    WCEM_Upper : constant WC_Encoding_Method := 2;
 109    --  The wide character with encoding 16#abcd#, where the upper bit is on
 110    --  (i.e. a is in the range 8-F) is represented as two bytes 16#ab# and
 111    --  16#cd#. The second byte may never be a format control character, but
 112    --  is not required to be in the upper half. This method can be also used
 113    --  for shift-JIS or EUC where the internal coding matches the external
 114    --  coding. Codes larger than 16#FFFF# are not representable using this
 115    --  encoding method.
 116
 117    WCEM_Shift_JIS : constant WC_Encoding_Method := 3;
 118    --  A wide character is represented by a two character sequence 16#ab#
 119    --  and 16#cd#, with the restrictions described for upper half encoding
 120    --  as described above. The internal character code is the corresponding
 121    --  JIS character according to the standard algorithm for Shift-JIS
 122    --  conversion. See the body of package System.JIS_Conversions for
 123    --  further details. Codes larger than 16#FFFF are not representable
 124    --  using this encoding method.
 125
 126    WCEM_EUC : constant WC_Encoding_Method := 4;
 127    --  A wide character is represented by a two character sequence 16#ab# and
 128    --  16#cd#, with both characters being in the upper half set. The internal
 129    --  character code is the corresponding JIS character according to the EUC
 130    --  encoding algorithm. See the body of package System.JIS_Conversions for
 131    --  further details. Codes larger than 16#FFFF# are not representable using
 132    --  this encoding method.
 133
 134    WCEM_UTF8 : constant WC_Encoding_Method := 5;
 135    --  An ISO 10646-1 BMP/Unicode wide character is represented in UCS
 136    --  Transformation Format 8 (UTF-8), as defined in Annex R of ISO
 137    --  10646-1/Am.2. Depending on the character value, a Unicode character
 138    --  is represented as the one to six byte sequence.
 139    --
 140    --    16#0000_0000#-16#0000_007f#: 2#0xxxxxxx#
 141    --    16#0000_0080#-16#0000_07ff#: 2#110xxxxx# 2#10xxxxxx#
 142    --    16#0000_0800#-16#0000_ffff#: 2#1110xxxx# 2#10xxxxxx# 2#10xxxxxx#
 143    --    16#0001_0000#-16#001F_FFFF#: 2#11110xxx# 2#10xxxxxx# 2#10xxxxxx#
 144    --                                 2#10xxxxxx#
 145    --    16#0020_0000#-16#03FF_FFFF#: 2#111110xx# 2#10xxxxxx# 2#10xxxxxx#
 146    --                                 2#10xxxxxx# 2#10xxxxxx#
 147    --    16#0400_0000#-16#7FFF_FFFF#: 2#1111110x# 2#10xxxxxx# 2#10xxxxxx#
 148    --                                 2#10xxxxxx# 2#10xxxxxx# 2#10xxxxxx#
 149    --
 150    --  where the xxx bits correspond to the left-padded bits of the
 151    --  16-bit character value. Note that all lower half ASCII characters
 152    --  are represented as ASCII bytes and all upper half characters and
 153    --  other wide characters are represented as sequences of upper-half. This
 154    --  encoding method can represent the entire range of Wide_Wide_Character.
 155
 156    WCEM_Brackets : constant WC_Encoding_Method := 6;
 157    --  A wide character is represented using one of the following sequences:
 158    --
 159    --    ["xx"]
 160    --    ["xxxx"]
 161    --    ["xxxxxx"]
 162    --    ["xxxxxxxx"]
 163    --
 164    --  where xx are hexadecimal digits representing the character code. This
 165    --  encoding method can represent the entire range of Wide_Wide_Character
 166    --  but in the general case results in ambiguous representations (there is
 167    --  no ambiguity in Ada sources, since the above sequences are illegal Ada).
 168
 169    WC_Encoding_Letters : constant array (WC_Encoding_Method) of Character :=
 170      (WCEM_Hex       => 'h',
 171       WCEM_Upper     => 'u',
 172       WCEM_Shift_JIS => 's',
 173       WCEM_EUC       => 'e',
 174       WCEM_UTF8      => '8',
 175       WCEM_Brackets  => 'b');
 176    --  Letters used for selection of wide character encoding method in the
 177    --  compiler options (-gnatW? switch) and for Wide_Text_IO (WCEM parameter
 178    --  in the form string).
 179
 180    subtype WC_ESC_Encoding_Method is
 181      WC_Encoding_Method range WCEM_Hex .. WCEM_Hex;
 182    --  Encoding methods using an ESC character at the start of the sequence
 183
 184    subtype WC_Upper_Half_Encoding_Method is
 185      WC_Encoding_Method range WCEM_Upper .. WCEM_UTF8;
 186    --  Encoding methods using an upper half character (16#80#..16#FF) at
 187    --  the start of the sequence.
 188
 189    WC_Longest_Sequence : constant := 12;
 190    --  The longest number of characters that can be used for a wide character
 191    --  or wide wide character sequence for any of the active encoding methods.
 192
 193    WC_Longest_Sequences : constant array (WC_Encoding_Method) of Natural :=
 194      (WCEM_Hex       => 5,
 195       WCEM_Upper     => 2,
 196       WCEM_Shift_JIS => 2,
 197       WCEM_EUC       => 2,
 198       WCEM_UTF8      => 6,
 199       WCEM_Brackets  => 12);
 200    --  The longest number of characters that can be used for a wide character
 201    --  or wide wide character sequence using the given encoding method.
 202
 203    function Get_WC_Encoding_Method (C : Character) return WC_Encoding_Method;
 204    --  Given a character C, returns corresponding encoding method (see array
 205    --  WC_Encoding_Letters above). Raises Constraint_Error if not in list.
 206
 207    function Get_WC_Encoding_Method (S : String) return WC_Encoding_Method;
 208    --  Given a lower case string that is one of hex, upper, shift_jis, euc,
 209    --  utf8, brackets, return the corresponding encoding method. Raises
 210    --  Constraint_Error if not in list.
 211
 212    function Is_Start_Of_Encoding
 213      (C  : Character;
 214       EM : WC_Encoding_Method) return Boolean;
 215    pragma Inline (Is_Start_Of_Encoding);
 216    --  Returns True if the Character C is the start of a multi-character
 217    --  encoding sequence for the given encoding method EM. If EM is set to
 218    --  WCEM_Brackets, this function always returns False.
 219
 220 end System.WCh_Con;