1 // The template and inlines for the -*- C++ -*- complex number classes.
3 // Copyright (C) 1997-2017 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
5 // This file is part of the GNU ISO C++ Library. This library is free
6 // software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the
7 // terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
8 // Free Software Foundation; either version 3, or (at your option)
11 // This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
12 // but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
13 // MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
14 // GNU General Public License for more details.
16 // Under Section 7 of GPL version 3, you are granted additional
17 // permissions described in the GCC Runtime Library Exception, version
18 // 3.1, as published by the Free Software Foundation.
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21 // a copy of the GCC Runtime Library Exception along with this program;
22 // see the files COPYING3 and COPYING.RUNTIME respectively. If not, see
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25 /** @file include/complex
26 * This is a Standard C++ Library header.
30 // ISO C++ 14882: 26.2 Complex Numbers
31 // Note: this is not a conforming implementation.
32 // Initially implemented by Ulrich Drepper <drepper@cygnus.com>
33 // Improved by Gabriel Dos Reis <dosreis@cmla.ens-cachan.fr>
36 #ifndef _GLIBCXX_COMPLEX
37 #define _GLIBCXX_COMPLEX 1
39 #pragma GCC system_header
41 #include <bits/c++config.h>
42 #include <bits/cpp_type_traits.h>
43 #include <ext/type_traits.h>
47 // Get rid of a macro possibly defined in <complex.h>
50 namespace std _GLIBCXX_VISIBILITY(default)
52 _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_VERSION
55 * @defgroup complex_numbers Complex Numbers
58 * Classes and functions for complex numbers.
62 // Forward declarations.
63 template<typename _Tp> class complex;
64 template<> class complex<float>;
65 template<> class complex<double>;
66 template<> class complex<long double>;
68 /// Return magnitude of @a z.
69 template<typename _Tp> _Tp abs(const complex<_Tp>&);
70 /// Return phase angle of @a z.
71 template<typename _Tp> _Tp arg(const complex<_Tp>&);
72 /// Return @a z magnitude squared.
73 template<typename _Tp> _Tp norm(const complex<_Tp>&);
75 /// Return complex conjugate of @a z.
76 template<typename _Tp> complex<_Tp> conj(const complex<_Tp>&);
77 /// Return complex with magnitude @a rho and angle @a theta.
78 template<typename _Tp> complex<_Tp> polar(const _Tp&, const _Tp& = 0);
81 /// Return complex cosine of @a z.
82 template<typename _Tp> complex<_Tp> cos(const complex<_Tp>&);
83 /// Return complex hyperbolic cosine of @a z.
84 template<typename _Tp> complex<_Tp> cosh(const complex<_Tp>&);
85 /// Return complex base e exponential of @a z.
86 template<typename _Tp> complex<_Tp> exp(const complex<_Tp>&);
87 /// Return complex natural logarithm of @a z.
88 template<typename _Tp> complex<_Tp> log(const complex<_Tp>&);
89 /// Return complex base 10 logarithm of @a z.
90 template<typename _Tp> complex<_Tp> log10(const complex<_Tp>&);
91 /// Return @a x to the @a y'th power.
92 template<typename _Tp> complex<_Tp> pow(const complex<_Tp>&, int);
93 /// Return @a x to the @a y'th power.
94 template<typename _Tp> complex<_Tp> pow(const complex<_Tp>&, const _Tp&);
95 /// Return @a x to the @a y'th power.
96 template<typename _Tp> complex<_Tp> pow(const complex<_Tp>&,
98 /// Return @a x to the @a y'th power.
99 template<typename _Tp> complex<_Tp> pow(const _Tp&, const complex<_Tp>&);
100 /// Return complex sine of @a z.
101 template<typename _Tp> complex<_Tp> sin(const complex<_Tp>&);
102 /// Return complex hyperbolic sine of @a z.
103 template<typename _Tp> complex<_Tp> sinh(const complex<_Tp>&);
104 /// Return complex square root of @a z.
105 template<typename _Tp> complex<_Tp> sqrt(const complex<_Tp>&);
106 /// Return complex tangent of @a z.
107 template<typename _Tp> complex<_Tp> tan(const complex<_Tp>&);
108 /// Return complex hyperbolic tangent of @a z.
109 template<typename _Tp> complex<_Tp> tanh(const complex<_Tp>&);
112 // 26.2.2 Primary template class complex
114 * Template to represent complex numbers.
116 * Specializations for float, double, and long double are part of the
117 * library. Results with any other type are not guaranteed.
119 * @param Tp Type of real and imaginary values.
121 template<typename _Tp>
125 typedef _Tp value_type;
127 /// Default constructor. First parameter is x, second parameter is y.
128 /// Unspecified parameters default to 0.
129 _GLIBCXX_CONSTEXPR complex(const _Tp& __r = _Tp(), const _Tp& __i = _Tp())
130 : _M_real(__r), _M_imag(__i) { }
132 // Let the compiler synthesize the copy constructor
133 #if __cplusplus >= 201103L
134 constexpr complex(const complex&) = default;
137 /// Converting constructor.
138 template<typename _Up>
139 _GLIBCXX_CONSTEXPR complex(const complex<_Up>& __z)
140 : _M_real(__z.real()), _M_imag(__z.imag()) { }
142 #if __cplusplus >= 201103L
143 // _GLIBCXX_RESOLVE_LIB_DEFECTS
144 // DR 387. std::complex over-encapsulated.
145 _GLIBCXX_ABI_TAG_CXX11
147 real() const { return _M_real; }
149 _GLIBCXX_ABI_TAG_CXX11
151 imag() const { return _M_imag; }
153 /// Return real part of complex number.
155 real() { return _M_real; }
157 /// Return real part of complex number.
159 real() const { return _M_real; }
161 /// Return imaginary part of complex number.
163 imag() { return _M_imag; }
165 /// Return imaginary part of complex number.
167 imag() const { return _M_imag; }
170 // _GLIBCXX_RESOLVE_LIB_DEFECTS
171 // DR 387. std::complex over-encapsulated.
173 real(_Tp __val) { _M_real = __val; }
176 imag(_Tp __val) { _M_imag = __val; }
178 /// Assign a scalar to this complex number.
179 complex<_Tp>& operator=(const _Tp&);
181 /// Add a scalar to this complex number.
184 operator+=(const _Tp& __t)
190 /// Subtract a scalar from this complex number.
193 operator-=(const _Tp& __t)
199 /// Multiply this complex number by a scalar.
200 complex<_Tp>& operator*=(const _Tp&);
201 /// Divide this complex number by a scalar.
202 complex<_Tp>& operator/=(const _Tp&);
204 // Let the compiler synthesize the copy assignment operator
205 #if __cplusplus >= 201103L
206 complex& operator=(const complex&) = default;
209 /// Assign another complex number to this one.
210 template<typename _Up>
211 complex<_Tp>& operator=(const complex<_Up>&);
212 /// Add another complex number to this one.
213 template<typename _Up>
214 complex<_Tp>& operator+=(const complex<_Up>&);
215 /// Subtract another complex number from this one.
216 template<typename _Up>
217 complex<_Tp>& operator-=(const complex<_Up>&);
218 /// Multiply this complex number by another.
219 template<typename _Up>
220 complex<_Tp>& operator*=(const complex<_Up>&);
221 /// Divide this complex number by another.
222 template<typename _Up>
223 complex<_Tp>& operator/=(const complex<_Up>&);
225 _GLIBCXX_CONSTEXPR complex __rep() const
233 template<typename _Tp>
235 complex<_Tp>::operator=(const _Tp& __t)
243 template<typename _Tp>
245 complex<_Tp>::operator*=(const _Tp& __t)
253 template<typename _Tp>
255 complex<_Tp>::operator/=(const _Tp& __t)
262 template<typename _Tp>
263 template<typename _Up>
265 complex<_Tp>::operator=(const complex<_Up>& __z)
267 _M_real = __z.real();
268 _M_imag = __z.imag();
273 template<typename _Tp>
274 template<typename _Up>
276 complex<_Tp>::operator+=(const complex<_Up>& __z)
278 _M_real += __z.real();
279 _M_imag += __z.imag();
284 template<typename _Tp>
285 template<typename _Up>
287 complex<_Tp>::operator-=(const complex<_Up>& __z)
289 _M_real -= __z.real();
290 _M_imag -= __z.imag();
295 // XXX: This is a grammar school implementation.
296 template<typename _Tp>
297 template<typename _Up>
299 complex<_Tp>::operator*=(const complex<_Up>& __z)
301 const _Tp __r = _M_real * __z.real() - _M_imag * __z.imag();
302 _M_imag = _M_real * __z.imag() + _M_imag * __z.real();
308 // XXX: This is a grammar school implementation.
309 template<typename _Tp>
310 template<typename _Up>
312 complex<_Tp>::operator/=(const complex<_Up>& __z)
314 const _Tp __r = _M_real * __z.real() + _M_imag * __z.imag();
315 const _Tp __n = std::norm(__z);
316 _M_imag = (_M_imag * __z.real() - _M_real * __z.imag()) / __n;
323 /// Return new complex value @a x plus @a y.
324 template<typename _Tp>
326 operator+(const complex<_Tp>& __x, const complex<_Tp>& __y)
328 complex<_Tp> __r = __x;
333 template<typename _Tp>
335 operator+(const complex<_Tp>& __x, const _Tp& __y)
337 complex<_Tp> __r = __x;
342 template<typename _Tp>
344 operator+(const _Tp& __x, const complex<_Tp>& __y)
346 complex<_Tp> __r = __y;
353 /// Return new complex value @a x minus @a y.
354 template<typename _Tp>
356 operator-(const complex<_Tp>& __x, const complex<_Tp>& __y)
358 complex<_Tp> __r = __x;
363 template<typename _Tp>
365 operator-(const complex<_Tp>& __x, const _Tp& __y)
367 complex<_Tp> __r = __x;
372 template<typename _Tp>
374 operator-(const _Tp& __x, const complex<_Tp>& __y)
376 complex<_Tp> __r(__x, -__y.imag());
383 /// Return new complex value @a x times @a y.
384 template<typename _Tp>
386 operator*(const complex<_Tp>& __x, const complex<_Tp>& __y)
388 complex<_Tp> __r = __x;
393 template<typename _Tp>
395 operator*(const complex<_Tp>& __x, const _Tp& __y)
397 complex<_Tp> __r = __x;
402 template<typename _Tp>
404 operator*(const _Tp& __x, const complex<_Tp>& __y)
406 complex<_Tp> __r = __y;
413 /// Return new complex value @a x divided by @a y.
414 template<typename _Tp>
416 operator/(const complex<_Tp>& __x, const complex<_Tp>& __y)
418 complex<_Tp> __r = __x;
423 template<typename _Tp>
425 operator/(const complex<_Tp>& __x, const _Tp& __y)
427 complex<_Tp> __r = __x;
432 template<typename _Tp>
434 operator/(const _Tp& __x, const complex<_Tp>& __y)
436 complex<_Tp> __r = __x;
443 template<typename _Tp>
445 operator+(const complex<_Tp>& __x)
448 /// Return complex negation of @a x.
449 template<typename _Tp>
451 operator-(const complex<_Tp>& __x)
452 { return complex<_Tp>(-__x.real(), -__x.imag()); }
455 /// Return true if @a x is equal to @a y.
456 template<typename _Tp>
457 inline _GLIBCXX_CONSTEXPR bool
458 operator==(const complex<_Tp>& __x, const complex<_Tp>& __y)
459 { return __x.real() == __y.real() && __x.imag() == __y.imag(); }
461 template<typename _Tp>
462 inline _GLIBCXX_CONSTEXPR bool
463 operator==(const complex<_Tp>& __x, const _Tp& __y)
464 { return __x.real() == __y && __x.imag() == _Tp(); }
466 template<typename _Tp>
467 inline _GLIBCXX_CONSTEXPR bool
468 operator==(const _Tp& __x, const complex<_Tp>& __y)
469 { return __x == __y.real() && _Tp() == __y.imag(); }
473 /// Return false if @a x is equal to @a y.
474 template<typename _Tp>
475 inline _GLIBCXX_CONSTEXPR bool
476 operator!=(const complex<_Tp>& __x, const complex<_Tp>& __y)
477 { return __x.real() != __y.real() || __x.imag() != __y.imag(); }
479 template<typename _Tp>
480 inline _GLIBCXX_CONSTEXPR bool
481 operator!=(const complex<_Tp>& __x, const _Tp& __y)
482 { return __x.real() != __y || __x.imag() != _Tp(); }
484 template<typename _Tp>
485 inline _GLIBCXX_CONSTEXPR bool
486 operator!=(const _Tp& __x, const complex<_Tp>& __y)
487 { return __x != __y.real() || _Tp() != __y.imag(); }
490 /// Extraction operator for complex values.
491 template<typename _Tp, typename _CharT, class _Traits>
492 basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>&
493 operator>>(basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>& __is, complex<_Tp>& __x)
500 __is >> __re_x >> __ch;
503 __is >> __im_x >> __ch;
505 __x = complex<_Tp>(__re_x, __im_x);
507 __is.setstate(ios_base::failbit);
509 else if (__ch == ')')
512 __is.setstate(ios_base::failbit);
523 /// Insertion operator for complex values.
524 template<typename _Tp, typename _CharT, class _Traits>
525 basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>&
526 operator<<(basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>& __os, const complex<_Tp>& __x)
528 basic_ostringstream<_CharT, _Traits> __s;
529 __s.flags(__os.flags());
530 __s.imbue(__os.getloc());
531 __s.precision(__os.precision());
532 __s << '(' << __x.real() << ',' << __x.imag() << ')';
533 return __os << __s.str();
537 #if __cplusplus >= 201103L
538 template<typename _Tp>
540 real(const complex<_Tp>& __z)
541 { return __z.real(); }
543 template<typename _Tp>
545 imag(const complex<_Tp>& __z)
546 { return __z.imag(); }
548 template<typename _Tp>
550 real(complex<_Tp>& __z)
551 { return __z.real(); }
553 template<typename _Tp>
555 real(const complex<_Tp>& __z)
556 { return __z.real(); }
558 template<typename _Tp>
560 imag(complex<_Tp>& __z)
561 { return __z.imag(); }
563 template<typename _Tp>
565 imag(const complex<_Tp>& __z)
566 { return __z.imag(); }
569 // 26.2.7/3 abs(__z): Returns the magnitude of __z.
570 template<typename _Tp>
572 __complex_abs(const complex<_Tp>& __z)
574 _Tp __x = __z.real();
575 _Tp __y = __z.imag();
576 const _Tp __s = std::max(abs(__x), abs(__y));
577 if (__s == _Tp()) // well ...
581 return __s * sqrt(__x * __x + __y * __y);
584 #if _GLIBCXX_USE_C99_COMPLEX
586 __complex_abs(__complex__ float __z) { return __builtin_cabsf(__z); }
589 __complex_abs(__complex__ double __z) { return __builtin_cabs(__z); }
592 __complex_abs(const __complex__ long double& __z)
593 { return __builtin_cabsl(__z); }
595 template<typename _Tp>
597 abs(const complex<_Tp>& __z) { return __complex_abs(__z.__rep()); }
599 template<typename _Tp>
601 abs(const complex<_Tp>& __z) { return __complex_abs(__z); }
605 // 26.2.7/4: arg(__z): Returns the phase angle of __z.
606 template<typename _Tp>
608 __complex_arg(const complex<_Tp>& __z)
609 { return atan2(__z.imag(), __z.real()); }
611 #if _GLIBCXX_USE_C99_COMPLEX
613 __complex_arg(__complex__ float __z) { return __builtin_cargf(__z); }
616 __complex_arg(__complex__ double __z) { return __builtin_carg(__z); }
619 __complex_arg(const __complex__ long double& __z)
620 { return __builtin_cargl(__z); }
622 template<typename _Tp>
624 arg(const complex<_Tp>& __z) { return __complex_arg(__z.__rep()); }
626 template<typename _Tp>
628 arg(const complex<_Tp>& __z) { return __complex_arg(__z); }
631 // 26.2.7/5: norm(__z) returns the squared magnitude of __z.
632 // As defined, norm() is -not- a norm is the common mathematical
633 // sense used in numerics. The helper class _Norm_helper<> tries to
634 // distinguish between builtin floating point and the rest, so as
635 // to deliver an answer as close as possible to the real value.
639 template<typename _Tp>
640 static inline _Tp _S_do_it(const complex<_Tp>& __z)
642 const _Tp __x = __z.real();
643 const _Tp __y = __z.imag();
644 return __x * __x + __y * __y;
649 struct _Norm_helper<true>
651 template<typename _Tp>
652 static inline _Tp _S_do_it(const complex<_Tp>& __z)
654 _Tp __res = std::abs(__z);
655 return __res * __res;
659 template<typename _Tp>
661 norm(const complex<_Tp>& __z)
663 return _Norm_helper<__is_floating<_Tp>::__value
664 && !_GLIBCXX_FAST_MATH>::_S_do_it(__z);
667 template<typename _Tp>
669 polar(const _Tp& __rho, const _Tp& __theta)
671 __glibcxx_assert( __rho >= 0 );
672 return complex<_Tp>(__rho * cos(__theta), __rho * sin(__theta));
675 template<typename _Tp>
677 conj(const complex<_Tp>& __z)
678 { return complex<_Tp>(__z.real(), -__z.imag()); }
682 // 26.2.8/1 cos(__z): Returns the cosine of __z.
683 template<typename _Tp>
685 __complex_cos(const complex<_Tp>& __z)
687 const _Tp __x = __z.real();
688 const _Tp __y = __z.imag();
689 return complex<_Tp>(cos(__x) * cosh(__y), -sin(__x) * sinh(__y));
692 #if _GLIBCXX_USE_C99_COMPLEX
693 inline __complex__ float
694 __complex_cos(__complex__ float __z) { return __builtin_ccosf(__z); }
696 inline __complex__ double
697 __complex_cos(__complex__ double __z) { return __builtin_ccos(__z); }
699 inline __complex__ long double
700 __complex_cos(const __complex__ long double& __z)
701 { return __builtin_ccosl(__z); }
703 template<typename _Tp>
705 cos(const complex<_Tp>& __z) { return __complex_cos(__z.__rep()); }
707 template<typename _Tp>
709 cos(const complex<_Tp>& __z) { return __complex_cos(__z); }
712 // 26.2.8/2 cosh(__z): Returns the hyperbolic cosine of __z.
713 template<typename _Tp>
715 __complex_cosh(const complex<_Tp>& __z)
717 const _Tp __x = __z.real();
718 const _Tp __y = __z.imag();
719 return complex<_Tp>(cosh(__x) * cos(__y), sinh(__x) * sin(__y));
722 #if _GLIBCXX_USE_C99_COMPLEX
723 inline __complex__ float
724 __complex_cosh(__complex__ float __z) { return __builtin_ccoshf(__z); }
726 inline __complex__ double
727 __complex_cosh(__complex__ double __z) { return __builtin_ccosh(__z); }
729 inline __complex__ long double
730 __complex_cosh(const __complex__ long double& __z)
731 { return __builtin_ccoshl(__z); }
733 template<typename _Tp>
735 cosh(const complex<_Tp>& __z) { return __complex_cosh(__z.__rep()); }
737 template<typename _Tp>
739 cosh(const complex<_Tp>& __z) { return __complex_cosh(__z); }
742 // 26.2.8/3 exp(__z): Returns the complex base e exponential of x
743 template<typename _Tp>
745 __complex_exp(const complex<_Tp>& __z)
746 { return std::polar<_Tp>(exp(__z.real()), __z.imag()); }
748 #if _GLIBCXX_USE_C99_COMPLEX
749 inline __complex__ float
750 __complex_exp(__complex__ float __z) { return __builtin_cexpf(__z); }
752 inline __complex__ double
753 __complex_exp(__complex__ double __z) { return __builtin_cexp(__z); }
755 inline __complex__ long double
756 __complex_exp(const __complex__ long double& __z)
757 { return __builtin_cexpl(__z); }
759 template<typename _Tp>
761 exp(const complex<_Tp>& __z) { return __complex_exp(__z.__rep()); }
763 template<typename _Tp>
765 exp(const complex<_Tp>& __z) { return __complex_exp(__z); }
768 // 26.2.8/5 log(__z): Returns the natural complex logarithm of __z.
769 // The branch cut is along the negative axis.
770 template<typename _Tp>
772 __complex_log(const complex<_Tp>& __z)
773 { return complex<_Tp>(log(std::abs(__z)), std::arg(__z)); }
775 #if _GLIBCXX_USE_C99_COMPLEX
776 inline __complex__ float
777 __complex_log(__complex__ float __z) { return __builtin_clogf(__z); }
779 inline __complex__ double
780 __complex_log(__complex__ double __z) { return __builtin_clog(__z); }
782 inline __complex__ long double
783 __complex_log(const __complex__ long double& __z)
784 { return __builtin_clogl(__z); }
786 template<typename _Tp>
788 log(const complex<_Tp>& __z) { return __complex_log(__z.__rep()); }
790 template<typename _Tp>
792 log(const complex<_Tp>& __z) { return __complex_log(__z); }
795 template<typename _Tp>
797 log10(const complex<_Tp>& __z)
798 { return std::log(__z) / log(_Tp(10.0)); }
800 // 26.2.8/10 sin(__z): Returns the sine of __z.
801 template<typename _Tp>
803 __complex_sin(const complex<_Tp>& __z)
805 const _Tp __x = __z.real();
806 const _Tp __y = __z.imag();
807 return complex<_Tp>(sin(__x) * cosh(__y), cos(__x) * sinh(__y));
810 #if _GLIBCXX_USE_C99_COMPLEX
811 inline __complex__ float
812 __complex_sin(__complex__ float __z) { return __builtin_csinf(__z); }
814 inline __complex__ double
815 __complex_sin(__complex__ double __z) { return __builtin_csin(__z); }
817 inline __complex__ long double
818 __complex_sin(const __complex__ long double& __z)
819 { return __builtin_csinl(__z); }
821 template<typename _Tp>
823 sin(const complex<_Tp>& __z) { return __complex_sin(__z.__rep()); }
825 template<typename _Tp>
827 sin(const complex<_Tp>& __z) { return __complex_sin(__z); }
830 // 26.2.8/11 sinh(__z): Returns the hyperbolic sine of __z.
831 template<typename _Tp>
833 __complex_sinh(const complex<_Tp>& __z)
835 const _Tp __x = __z.real();
836 const _Tp __y = __z.imag();
837 return complex<_Tp>(sinh(__x) * cos(__y), cosh(__x) * sin(__y));
840 #if _GLIBCXX_USE_C99_COMPLEX
841 inline __complex__ float
842 __complex_sinh(__complex__ float __z) { return __builtin_csinhf(__z); }
844 inline __complex__ double
845 __complex_sinh(__complex__ double __z) { return __builtin_csinh(__z); }
847 inline __complex__ long double
848 __complex_sinh(const __complex__ long double& __z)
849 { return __builtin_csinhl(__z); }
851 template<typename _Tp>
853 sinh(const complex<_Tp>& __z) { return __complex_sinh(__z.__rep()); }
855 template<typename _Tp>
857 sinh(const complex<_Tp>& __z) { return __complex_sinh(__z); }
860 // 26.2.8/13 sqrt(__z): Returns the complex square root of __z.
861 // The branch cut is on the negative axis.
862 template<typename _Tp>
864 __complex_sqrt(const complex<_Tp>& __z)
866 _Tp __x = __z.real();
867 _Tp __y = __z.imag();
871 _Tp __t = sqrt(abs(__y) / 2);
872 return complex<_Tp>(__t, __y < _Tp() ? -__t : __t);
876 _Tp __t = sqrt(2 * (std::abs(__z) + abs(__x)));
879 ? complex<_Tp>(__u, __y / __t)
880 : complex<_Tp>(abs(__y) / __t, __y < _Tp() ? -__u : __u);
884 #if _GLIBCXX_USE_C99_COMPLEX
885 inline __complex__ float
886 __complex_sqrt(__complex__ float __z) { return __builtin_csqrtf(__z); }
888 inline __complex__ double
889 __complex_sqrt(__complex__ double __z) { return __builtin_csqrt(__z); }
891 inline __complex__ long double
892 __complex_sqrt(const __complex__ long double& __z)
893 { return __builtin_csqrtl(__z); }
895 template<typename _Tp>
897 sqrt(const complex<_Tp>& __z) { return __complex_sqrt(__z.__rep()); }
899 template<typename _Tp>
901 sqrt(const complex<_Tp>& __z) { return __complex_sqrt(__z); }
904 // 26.2.8/14 tan(__z): Return the complex tangent of __z.
906 template<typename _Tp>
908 __complex_tan(const complex<_Tp>& __z)
909 { return std::sin(__z) / std::cos(__z); }
911 #if _GLIBCXX_USE_C99_COMPLEX
912 inline __complex__ float
913 __complex_tan(__complex__ float __z) { return __builtin_ctanf(__z); }
915 inline __complex__ double
916 __complex_tan(__complex__ double __z) { return __builtin_ctan(__z); }
918 inline __complex__ long double
919 __complex_tan(const __complex__ long double& __z)
920 { return __builtin_ctanl(__z); }
922 template<typename _Tp>
924 tan(const complex<_Tp>& __z) { return __complex_tan(__z.__rep()); }
926 template<typename _Tp>
928 tan(const complex<_Tp>& __z) { return __complex_tan(__z); }
932 // 26.2.8/15 tanh(__z): Returns the hyperbolic tangent of __z.
934 template<typename _Tp>
936 __complex_tanh(const complex<_Tp>& __z)
937 { return std::sinh(__z) / std::cosh(__z); }
939 #if _GLIBCXX_USE_C99_COMPLEX
940 inline __complex__ float
941 __complex_tanh(__complex__ float __z) { return __builtin_ctanhf(__z); }
943 inline __complex__ double
944 __complex_tanh(__complex__ double __z) { return __builtin_ctanh(__z); }
946 inline __complex__ long double
947 __complex_tanh(const __complex__ long double& __z)
948 { return __builtin_ctanhl(__z); }
950 template<typename _Tp>
952 tanh(const complex<_Tp>& __z) { return __complex_tanh(__z.__rep()); }
954 template<typename _Tp>
956 tanh(const complex<_Tp>& __z) { return __complex_tanh(__z); }
960 // 26.2.8/9 pow(__x, __y): Returns the complex power base of __x
961 // raised to the __y-th power. The branch
962 // cut is on the negative axis.
963 template<typename _Tp>
965 __complex_pow_unsigned(complex<_Tp> __x, unsigned __n)
967 complex<_Tp> __y = __n % 2 ? __x : complex<_Tp>(1);
979 // In C++11 mode we used to implement the resolution of
980 // DR 844. complex pow return type is ambiguous.
981 // thus the following overload was disabled in that mode. However, doing
982 // that causes all sorts of issues, see, for example:
983 // http://gcc.gnu.org/ml/libstdc++/2013-01/msg00058.html
985 template<typename _Tp>
987 pow(const complex<_Tp>& __z, int __n)
990 ? complex<_Tp>(1) / std::__complex_pow_unsigned(__z, -(unsigned)__n)
991 : std::__complex_pow_unsigned(__z, __n);
994 template<typename _Tp>
996 pow(const complex<_Tp>& __x, const _Tp& __y)
998 #if ! _GLIBCXX_USE_C99_COMPLEX
1002 if (__x.imag() == _Tp() && __x.real() > _Tp())
1003 return pow(__x.real(), __y);
1005 complex<_Tp> __t = std::log(__x);
1006 return std::polar<_Tp>(exp(__y * __t.real()), __y * __t.imag());
1009 template<typename _Tp>
1011 __complex_pow(const complex<_Tp>& __x, const complex<_Tp>& __y)
1012 { return __x == _Tp() ? _Tp() : std::exp(__y * std::log(__x)); }
1014 #if _GLIBCXX_USE_C99_COMPLEX
1015 inline __complex__ float
1016 __complex_pow(__complex__ float __x, __complex__ float __y)
1017 { return __builtin_cpowf(__x, __y); }
1019 inline __complex__ double
1020 __complex_pow(__complex__ double __x, __complex__ double __y)
1021 { return __builtin_cpow(__x, __y); }
1023 inline __complex__ long double
1024 __complex_pow(const __complex__ long double& __x,
1025 const __complex__ long double& __y)
1026 { return __builtin_cpowl(__x, __y); }
1028 template<typename _Tp>
1030 pow(const complex<_Tp>& __x, const complex<_Tp>& __y)
1031 { return __complex_pow(__x.__rep(), __y.__rep()); }
1033 template<typename _Tp>
1035 pow(const complex<_Tp>& __x, const complex<_Tp>& __y)
1036 { return __complex_pow(__x, __y); }
1039 template<typename _Tp>
1041 pow(const _Tp& __x, const complex<_Tp>& __y)
1043 return __x > _Tp() ? std::polar<_Tp>(pow(__x, __y.real()),
1044 __y.imag() * log(__x))
1045 : std::pow(complex<_Tp>(__x), __y);
1048 /// 26.2.3 complex specializations
1049 /// complex<float> specialization
1051 struct complex<float>
1053 typedef float value_type;
1054 typedef __complex__ float _ComplexT;
1056 _GLIBCXX_CONSTEXPR complex(_ComplexT __z) : _M_value(__z) { }
1058 _GLIBCXX_CONSTEXPR complex(float __r = 0.0f, float __i = 0.0f)
1059 #if __cplusplus >= 201103L
1060 : _M_value{ __r, __i } { }
1063 __real__ _M_value = __r;
1064 __imag__ _M_value = __i;
1068 explicit _GLIBCXX_CONSTEXPR complex(const complex<double>&);
1069 explicit _GLIBCXX_CONSTEXPR complex(const complex<long double>&);
1071 #if __cplusplus >= 201103L
1072 // _GLIBCXX_RESOLVE_LIB_DEFECTS
1073 // DR 387. std::complex over-encapsulated.
1074 __attribute ((__abi_tag__ ("cxx11")))
1076 real() const { return __real__ _M_value; }
1078 __attribute ((__abi_tag__ ("cxx11")))
1080 imag() const { return __imag__ _M_value; }
1083 real() { return __real__ _M_value; }
1086 real() const { return __real__ _M_value; }
1089 imag() { return __imag__ _M_value; }
1092 imag() const { return __imag__ _M_value; }
1095 // _GLIBCXX_RESOLVE_LIB_DEFECTS
1096 // DR 387. std::complex over-encapsulated.
1098 real(float __val) { __real__ _M_value = __val; }
1101 imag(float __val) { __imag__ _M_value = __val; }
1104 operator=(float __f)
1111 operator+=(float __f)
1118 operator-=(float __f)
1125 operator*=(float __f)
1132 operator/=(float __f)
1138 // Let the compiler synthesize the copy and assignment
1139 // operator. It always does a pretty good job.
1140 // complex& operator=(const complex&);
1142 template<typename _Tp>
1144 operator=(const complex<_Tp>& __z)
1146 __real__ _M_value = __z.real();
1147 __imag__ _M_value = __z.imag();
1151 template<typename _Tp>
1153 operator+=(const complex<_Tp>& __z)
1155 __real__ _M_value += __z.real();
1156 __imag__ _M_value += __z.imag();
1162 operator-=(const complex<_Tp>& __z)
1164 __real__ _M_value -= __z.real();
1165 __imag__ _M_value -= __z.imag();
1171 operator*=(const complex<_Tp>& __z)
1174 __real__ __t = __z.real();
1175 __imag__ __t = __z.imag();
1182 operator/=(const complex<_Tp>& __z)
1185 __real__ __t = __z.real();
1186 __imag__ __t = __z.imag();
1191 _GLIBCXX_CONSTEXPR _ComplexT __rep() const { return _M_value; }
1197 /// 26.2.3 complex specializations
1198 /// complex<double> specialization
1200 struct complex<double>
1202 typedef double value_type;
1203 typedef __complex__ double _ComplexT;
1205 _GLIBCXX_CONSTEXPR complex(_ComplexT __z) : _M_value(__z) { }
1207 _GLIBCXX_CONSTEXPR complex(double __r = 0.0, double __i = 0.0)
1208 #if __cplusplus >= 201103L
1209 : _M_value{ __r, __i } { }
1212 __real__ _M_value = __r;
1213 __imag__ _M_value = __i;
1217 _GLIBCXX_CONSTEXPR complex(const complex<float>& __z)
1218 : _M_value(__z.__rep()) { }
1220 explicit _GLIBCXX_CONSTEXPR complex(const complex<long double>&);
1222 #if __cplusplus >= 201103L
1223 // _GLIBCXX_RESOLVE_LIB_DEFECTS
1224 // DR 387. std::complex over-encapsulated.
1225 __attribute ((__abi_tag__ ("cxx11")))
1227 real() const { return __real__ _M_value; }
1229 __attribute ((__abi_tag__ ("cxx11")))
1231 imag() const { return __imag__ _M_value; }
1234 real() { return __real__ _M_value; }
1237 real() const { return __real__ _M_value; }
1240 imag() { return __imag__ _M_value; }
1243 imag() const { return __imag__ _M_value; }
1246 // _GLIBCXX_RESOLVE_LIB_DEFECTS
1247 // DR 387. std::complex over-encapsulated.
1249 real(double __val) { __real__ _M_value = __val; }
1252 imag(double __val) { __imag__ _M_value = __val; }
1255 operator=(double __d)
1262 operator+=(double __d)
1269 operator-=(double __d)
1276 operator*=(double __d)
1283 operator/=(double __d)
1289 // The compiler will synthesize this, efficiently.
1290 // complex& operator=(const complex&);
1292 template<typename _Tp>
1294 operator=(const complex<_Tp>& __z)
1296 __real__ _M_value = __z.real();
1297 __imag__ _M_value = __z.imag();
1301 template<typename _Tp>
1303 operator+=(const complex<_Tp>& __z)
1305 __real__ _M_value += __z.real();
1306 __imag__ _M_value += __z.imag();
1310 template<typename _Tp>
1312 operator-=(const complex<_Tp>& __z)
1314 __real__ _M_value -= __z.real();
1315 __imag__ _M_value -= __z.imag();
1319 template<typename _Tp>
1321 operator*=(const complex<_Tp>& __z)
1324 __real__ __t = __z.real();
1325 __imag__ __t = __z.imag();
1330 template<typename _Tp>
1332 operator/=(const complex<_Tp>& __z)
1335 __real__ __t = __z.real();
1336 __imag__ __t = __z.imag();
1341 _GLIBCXX_CONSTEXPR _ComplexT __rep() const { return _M_value; }
1347 /// 26.2.3 complex specializations
1348 /// complex<long double> specialization
1350 struct complex<long double>
1352 typedef long double value_type;
1353 typedef __complex__ long double _ComplexT;
1355 _GLIBCXX_CONSTEXPR complex(_ComplexT __z) : _M_value(__z) { }
1357 _GLIBCXX_CONSTEXPR complex(long double __r = 0.0L,
1358 long double __i = 0.0L)
1359 #if __cplusplus >= 201103L
1360 : _M_value{ __r, __i } { }
1363 __real__ _M_value = __r;
1364 __imag__ _M_value = __i;
1368 _GLIBCXX_CONSTEXPR complex(const complex<float>& __z)
1369 : _M_value(__z.__rep()) { }
1371 _GLIBCXX_CONSTEXPR complex(const complex<double>& __z)
1372 : _M_value(__z.__rep()) { }
1374 #if __cplusplus >= 201103L
1375 // _GLIBCXX_RESOLVE_LIB_DEFECTS
1376 // DR 387. std::complex over-encapsulated.
1377 __attribute ((__abi_tag__ ("cxx11")))
1378 constexpr long double
1379 real() const { return __real__ _M_value; }
1381 __attribute ((__abi_tag__ ("cxx11")))
1382 constexpr long double
1383 imag() const { return __imag__ _M_value; }
1386 real() { return __real__ _M_value; }
1389 real() const { return __real__ _M_value; }
1392 imag() { return __imag__ _M_value; }
1395 imag() const { return __imag__ _M_value; }
1398 // _GLIBCXX_RESOLVE_LIB_DEFECTS
1399 // DR 387. std::complex over-encapsulated.
1401 real(long double __val) { __real__ _M_value = __val; }
1404 imag(long double __val) { __imag__ _M_value = __val; }
1407 operator=(long double __r)
1414 operator+=(long double __r)
1421 operator-=(long double __r)
1428 operator*=(long double __r)
1435 operator/=(long double __r)
1441 // The compiler knows how to do this efficiently
1442 // complex& operator=(const complex&);
1444 template<typename _Tp>
1446 operator=(const complex<_Tp>& __z)
1448 __real__ _M_value = __z.real();
1449 __imag__ _M_value = __z.imag();
1453 template<typename _Tp>
1455 operator+=(const complex<_Tp>& __z)
1457 __real__ _M_value += __z.real();
1458 __imag__ _M_value += __z.imag();
1462 template<typename _Tp>
1464 operator-=(const complex<_Tp>& __z)
1466 __real__ _M_value -= __z.real();
1467 __imag__ _M_value -= __z.imag();
1471 template<typename _Tp>
1473 operator*=(const complex<_Tp>& __z)
1476 __real__ __t = __z.real();
1477 __imag__ __t = __z.imag();
1482 template<typename _Tp>
1484 operator/=(const complex<_Tp>& __z)
1487 __real__ __t = __z.real();
1488 __imag__ __t = __z.imag();
1493 _GLIBCXX_CONSTEXPR _ComplexT __rep() const { return _M_value; }
1499 // These bits have to be at the end of this file, so that the
1500 // specializations have all been defined.
1501 inline _GLIBCXX_CONSTEXPR
1502 complex<float>::complex(const complex<double>& __z)
1503 : _M_value(__z.__rep()) { }
1505 inline _GLIBCXX_CONSTEXPR
1506 complex<float>::complex(const complex<long double>& __z)
1507 : _M_value(__z.__rep()) { }
1509 inline _GLIBCXX_CONSTEXPR
1510 complex<double>::complex(const complex<long double>& __z)
1511 : _M_value(__z.__rep()) { }
1513 // Inhibit implicit instantiations for required instantiations,
1514 // which are defined via explicit instantiations elsewhere.
1515 // NB: This syntax is a GNU extension.
1516 #if _GLIBCXX_EXTERN_TEMPLATE
1517 extern template istream& operator>>(istream&, complex<float>&);
1518 extern template ostream& operator<<(ostream&, const complex<float>&);
1519 extern template istream& operator>>(istream&, complex<double>&);
1520 extern template ostream& operator<<(ostream&, const complex<double>&);
1521 extern template istream& operator>>(istream&, complex<long double>&);
1522 extern template ostream& operator<<(ostream&, const complex<long double>&);
1524 #ifdef _GLIBCXX_USE_WCHAR_T
1525 extern template wistream& operator>>(wistream&, complex<float>&);
1526 extern template wostream& operator<<(wostream&, const complex<float>&);
1527 extern template wistream& operator>>(wistream&, complex<double>&);
1528 extern template wostream& operator<<(wostream&, const complex<double>&);
1529 extern template wistream& operator>>(wistream&, complex<long double>&);
1530 extern template wostream& operator<<(wostream&, const complex<long double>&);
1534 // @} group complex_numbers
1536 _GLIBCXX_END_NAMESPACE_VERSION
1539 namespace __gnu_cxx _GLIBCXX_VISIBILITY(default)
1541 _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_VERSION
1543 // See ext/type_traits.h for the primary template.
1544 template<typename _Tp, typename _Up>
1545 struct __promote_2<std::complex<_Tp>, _Up>
1548 typedef std::complex<typename __promote_2<_Tp, _Up>::__type> __type;
1551 template<typename _Tp, typename _Up>
1552 struct __promote_2<_Tp, std::complex<_Up> >
1555 typedef std::complex<typename __promote_2<_Tp, _Up>::__type> __type;
1558 template<typename _Tp, typename _Up>
1559 struct __promote_2<std::complex<_Tp>, std::complex<_Up> >
1562 typedef std::complex<typename __promote_2<_Tp, _Up>::__type> __type;
1565 _GLIBCXX_END_NAMESPACE_VERSION
1568 #if __cplusplus >= 201103L
1570 namespace std _GLIBCXX_VISIBILITY(default)
1572 _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_VERSION
1574 // Forward declarations.
1575 template<typename _Tp> std::complex<_Tp> acos(const std::complex<_Tp>&);
1576 template<typename _Tp> std::complex<_Tp> asin(const std::complex<_Tp>&);
1577 template<typename _Tp> std::complex<_Tp> atan(const std::complex<_Tp>&);
1579 template<typename _Tp> std::complex<_Tp> acosh(const std::complex<_Tp>&);
1580 template<typename _Tp> std::complex<_Tp> asinh(const std::complex<_Tp>&);
1581 template<typename _Tp> std::complex<_Tp> atanh(const std::complex<_Tp>&);
1583 template<typename _Tp> _Tp fabs(const std::complex<_Tp>&);
1585 template<typename _Tp>
1586 inline std::complex<_Tp>
1587 __complex_acos(const std::complex<_Tp>& __z)
1589 const std::complex<_Tp> __t = std::asin(__z);
1590 const _Tp __pi_2 = 1.5707963267948966192313216916397514L;
1591 return std::complex<_Tp>(__pi_2 - __t.real(), -__t.imag());
1594 #if _GLIBCXX_USE_C99_COMPLEX_TR1
1595 inline __complex__ float
1596 __complex_acos(__complex__ float __z)
1597 { return __builtin_cacosf(__z); }
1599 inline __complex__ double
1600 __complex_acos(__complex__ double __z)
1601 { return __builtin_cacos(__z); }
1603 inline __complex__ long double
1604 __complex_acos(const __complex__ long double& __z)
1605 { return __builtin_cacosl(__z); }
1607 template<typename _Tp>
1608 inline std::complex<_Tp>
1609 acos(const std::complex<_Tp>& __z)
1610 { return __complex_acos(__z.__rep()); }
1612 /// acos(__z) [8.1.2].
1613 // Effects: Behaves the same as C99 function cacos, defined
1614 // in subclause 7.3.5.1.
1615 template<typename _Tp>
1616 inline std::complex<_Tp>
1617 acos(const std::complex<_Tp>& __z)
1618 { return __complex_acos(__z); }
1621 template<typename _Tp>
1622 inline std::complex<_Tp>
1623 __complex_asin(const std::complex<_Tp>& __z)
1625 std::complex<_Tp> __t(-__z.imag(), __z.real());
1626 __t = std::asinh(__t);
1627 return std::complex<_Tp>(__t.imag(), -__t.real());
1630 #if _GLIBCXX_USE_C99_COMPLEX_TR1
1631 inline __complex__ float
1632 __complex_asin(__complex__ float __z)
1633 { return __builtin_casinf(__z); }
1635 inline __complex__ double
1636 __complex_asin(__complex__ double __z)
1637 { return __builtin_casin(__z); }
1639 inline __complex__ long double
1640 __complex_asin(const __complex__ long double& __z)
1641 { return __builtin_casinl(__z); }
1643 template<typename _Tp>
1644 inline std::complex<_Tp>
1645 asin(const std::complex<_Tp>& __z)
1646 { return __complex_asin(__z.__rep()); }
1648 /// asin(__z) [8.1.3].
1649 // Effects: Behaves the same as C99 function casin, defined
1650 // in subclause 7.3.5.2.
1651 template<typename _Tp>
1652 inline std::complex<_Tp>
1653 asin(const std::complex<_Tp>& __z)
1654 { return __complex_asin(__z); }
1657 template<typename _Tp>
1659 __complex_atan(const std::complex<_Tp>& __z)
1661 const _Tp __r2 = __z.real() * __z.real();
1662 const _Tp __x = _Tp(1.0) - __r2 - __z.imag() * __z.imag();
1664 _Tp __num = __z.imag() + _Tp(1.0);
1665 _Tp __den = __z.imag() - _Tp(1.0);
1667 __num = __r2 + __num * __num;
1668 __den = __r2 + __den * __den;
1670 return std::complex<_Tp>(_Tp(0.5) * atan2(_Tp(2.0) * __z.real(), __x),
1671 _Tp(0.25) * log(__num / __den));
1674 #if _GLIBCXX_USE_C99_COMPLEX_TR1
1675 inline __complex__ float
1676 __complex_atan(__complex__ float __z)
1677 { return __builtin_catanf(__z); }
1679 inline __complex__ double
1680 __complex_atan(__complex__ double __z)
1681 { return __builtin_catan(__z); }
1683 inline __complex__ long double
1684 __complex_atan(const __complex__ long double& __z)
1685 { return __builtin_catanl(__z); }
1687 template<typename _Tp>
1688 inline std::complex<_Tp>
1689 atan(const std::complex<_Tp>& __z)
1690 { return __complex_atan(__z.__rep()); }
1692 /// atan(__z) [8.1.4].
1693 // Effects: Behaves the same as C99 function catan, defined
1694 // in subclause 7.3.5.3.
1695 template<typename _Tp>
1696 inline std::complex<_Tp>
1697 atan(const std::complex<_Tp>& __z)
1698 { return __complex_atan(__z); }
1701 template<typename _Tp>
1703 __complex_acosh(const std::complex<_Tp>& __z)
1706 return _Tp(2.0) * std::log(std::sqrt(_Tp(0.5) * (__z + _Tp(1.0)))
1707 + std::sqrt(_Tp(0.5) * (__z - _Tp(1.0))));
1710 #if _GLIBCXX_USE_C99_COMPLEX_TR1
1711 inline __complex__ float
1712 __complex_acosh(__complex__ float __z)
1713 { return __builtin_cacoshf(__z); }
1715 inline __complex__ double
1716 __complex_acosh(__complex__ double __z)
1717 { return __builtin_cacosh(__z); }
1719 inline __complex__ long double
1720 __complex_acosh(const __complex__ long double& __z)
1721 { return __builtin_cacoshl(__z); }
1723 template<typename _Tp>
1724 inline std::complex<_Tp>
1725 acosh(const std::complex<_Tp>& __z)
1726 { return __complex_acosh(__z.__rep()); }
1728 /// acosh(__z) [8.1.5].
1729 // Effects: Behaves the same as C99 function cacosh, defined
1730 // in subclause 7.3.6.1.
1731 template<typename _Tp>
1732 inline std::complex<_Tp>
1733 acosh(const std::complex<_Tp>& __z)
1734 { return __complex_acosh(__z); }
1737 template<typename _Tp>
1739 __complex_asinh(const std::complex<_Tp>& __z)
1741 std::complex<_Tp> __t((__z.real() - __z.imag())
1742 * (__z.real() + __z.imag()) + _Tp(1.0),
1743 _Tp(2.0) * __z.real() * __z.imag());
1744 __t = std::sqrt(__t);
1746 return std::log(__t + __z);
1749 #if _GLIBCXX_USE_C99_COMPLEX_TR1
1750 inline __complex__ float
1751 __complex_asinh(__complex__ float __z)
1752 { return __builtin_casinhf(__z); }
1754 inline __complex__ double
1755 __complex_asinh(__complex__ double __z)
1756 { return __builtin_casinh(__z); }
1758 inline __complex__ long double
1759 __complex_asinh(const __complex__ long double& __z)
1760 { return __builtin_casinhl(__z); }
1762 template<typename _Tp>
1763 inline std::complex<_Tp>
1764 asinh(const std::complex<_Tp>& __z)
1765 { return __complex_asinh(__z.__rep()); }
1767 /// asinh(__z) [8.1.6].
1768 // Effects: Behaves the same as C99 function casin, defined
1769 // in subclause 7.3.6.2.
1770 template<typename _Tp>
1771 inline std::complex<_Tp>
1772 asinh(const std::complex<_Tp>& __z)
1773 { return __complex_asinh(__z); }
1776 template<typename _Tp>
1778 __complex_atanh(const std::complex<_Tp>& __z)
1780 const _Tp __i2 = __z.imag() * __z.imag();
1781 const _Tp __x = _Tp(1.0) - __i2 - __z.real() * __z.real();
1783 _Tp __num = _Tp(1.0) + __z.real();
1784 _Tp __den = _Tp(1.0) - __z.real();
1786 __num = __i2 + __num * __num;
1787 __den = __i2 + __den * __den;
1789 return std::complex<_Tp>(_Tp(0.25) * (log(__num) - log(__den)),
1790 _Tp(0.5) * atan2(_Tp(2.0) * __z.imag(), __x));
1793 #if _GLIBCXX_USE_C99_COMPLEX_TR1
1794 inline __complex__ float
1795 __complex_atanh(__complex__ float __z)
1796 { return __builtin_catanhf(__z); }
1798 inline __complex__ double
1799 __complex_atanh(__complex__ double __z)
1800 { return __builtin_catanh(__z); }
1802 inline __complex__ long double
1803 __complex_atanh(const __complex__ long double& __z)
1804 { return __builtin_catanhl(__z); }
1806 template<typename _Tp>
1807 inline std::complex<_Tp>
1808 atanh(const std::complex<_Tp>& __z)
1809 { return __complex_atanh(__z.__rep()); }
1811 /// atanh(__z) [8.1.7].
1812 // Effects: Behaves the same as C99 function catanh, defined
1813 // in subclause 7.3.6.3.
1814 template<typename _Tp>
1815 inline std::complex<_Tp>
1816 atanh(const std::complex<_Tp>& __z)
1817 { return __complex_atanh(__z); }
1820 template<typename _Tp>
1822 /// fabs(__z) [8.1.8].
1823 // Effects: Behaves the same as C99 function cabs, defined
1824 // in subclause 7.3.8.1.
1825 fabs(const std::complex<_Tp>& __z)
1826 { return std::abs(__z); }
1828 /// Additional overloads [8.1.9].
1829 template<typename _Tp>
1830 inline typename __gnu_cxx::__promote<_Tp>::__type
1833 typedef typename __gnu_cxx::__promote<_Tp>::__type __type;
1834 #if (_GLIBCXX11_USE_C99_MATH && !_GLIBCXX_USE_C99_FP_MACROS_DYNAMIC)
1835 return std::signbit(__x) ? __type(3.1415926535897932384626433832795029L)
1838 return std::arg(std::complex<__type>(__x));
1842 template<typename _Tp>
1843 _GLIBCXX_CONSTEXPR inline typename __gnu_cxx::__promote<_Tp>::__type
1847 template<typename _Tp>
1848 inline typename __gnu_cxx::__promote<_Tp>::__type
1851 typedef typename __gnu_cxx::__promote<_Tp>::__type __type;
1852 return __type(__x) * __type(__x);
1855 template<typename _Tp>
1856 _GLIBCXX_CONSTEXPR inline typename __gnu_cxx::__promote<_Tp>::__type
1860 template<typename _Tp, typename _Up>
1861 inline std::complex<typename __gnu_cxx::__promote_2<_Tp, _Up>::__type>
1862 pow(const std::complex<_Tp>& __x, const _Up& __y)
1864 typedef typename __gnu_cxx::__promote_2<_Tp, _Up>::__type __type;
1865 return std::pow(std::complex<__type>(__x), __type(__y));
1868 template<typename _Tp, typename _Up>
1869 inline std::complex<typename __gnu_cxx::__promote_2<_Tp, _Up>::__type>
1870 pow(const _Tp& __x, const std::complex<_Up>& __y)
1872 typedef typename __gnu_cxx::__promote_2<_Tp, _Up>::__type __type;
1873 return std::pow(__type(__x), std::complex<__type>(__y));
1876 template<typename _Tp, typename _Up>
1877 inline std::complex<typename __gnu_cxx::__promote_2<_Tp, _Up>::__type>
1878 pow(const std::complex<_Tp>& __x, const std::complex<_Up>& __y)
1880 typedef typename __gnu_cxx::__promote_2<_Tp, _Up>::__type __type;
1881 return std::pow(std::complex<__type>(__x),
1882 std::complex<__type>(__y));
1885 // Forward declarations.
1887 template<typename _Tp> std::complex<_Tp> proj(const std::complex<_Tp>&);
1889 template<typename _Tp>
1891 __complex_proj(const std::complex<_Tp>& __z)
1893 const _Tp __den = (__z.real() * __z.real()
1894 + __z.imag() * __z.imag() + _Tp(1.0));
1896 return std::complex<_Tp>((_Tp(2.0) * __z.real()) / __den,
1897 (_Tp(2.0) * __z.imag()) / __den);
1900 #if _GLIBCXX_USE_C99_COMPLEX
1901 inline __complex__ float
1902 __complex_proj(__complex__ float __z)
1903 { return __builtin_cprojf(__z); }
1905 inline __complex__ double
1906 __complex_proj(__complex__ double __z)
1907 { return __builtin_cproj(__z); }
1909 inline __complex__ long double
1910 __complex_proj(const __complex__ long double& __z)
1911 { return __builtin_cprojl(__z); }
1913 template<typename _Tp>
1914 inline std::complex<_Tp>
1915 proj(const std::complex<_Tp>& __z)
1916 { return __complex_proj(__z.__rep()); }
1918 template<typename _Tp>
1919 inline std::complex<_Tp>
1920 proj(const std::complex<_Tp>& __z)
1921 { return __complex_proj(__z); }
1924 template<typename _Tp>
1925 inline std::complex<typename __gnu_cxx::__promote<_Tp>::__type>
1928 typedef typename __gnu_cxx::__promote<_Tp>::__type __type;
1929 return std::proj(std::complex<__type>(__x));
1932 template<typename _Tp>
1933 inline std::complex<typename __gnu_cxx::__promote<_Tp>::__type>
1936 typedef typename __gnu_cxx::__promote<_Tp>::__type __type;
1937 return std::complex<__type>(__x, -__type());
1940 #if __cplusplus > 201103L
1942 inline namespace literals {
1943 inline namespace complex_literals {
1944 #define __cpp_lib_complex_udls 201309
1946 constexpr std::complex<float>
1947 operator""if(long double __num)
1948 { return std::complex<float>{0.0F, static_cast<float>(__num)}; }
1950 constexpr std::complex<float>
1951 operator""if(unsigned long long __num)
1952 { return std::complex<float>{0.0F, static_cast<float>(__num)}; }
1954 constexpr std::complex<double>
1955 operator""i(long double __num)
1956 { return std::complex<double>{0.0, static_cast<double>(__num)}; }
1958 constexpr std::complex<double>
1959 operator""i(unsigned long long __num)
1960 { return std::complex<double>{0.0, static_cast<double>(__num)}; }
1962 constexpr std::complex<long double>
1963 operator""il(long double __num)
1964 { return std::complex<long double>{0.0L, __num}; }
1966 constexpr std::complex<long double>
1967 operator""il(unsigned long long __num)
1968 { return std::complex<long double>{0.0L, static_cast<long double>(__num)}; }
1970 } // inline namespace complex_literals
1971 } // inline namespace literals
1975 _GLIBCXX_END_NAMESPACE_VERSION
1980 #endif /* _GLIBCXX_COMPLEX */