2000-05-02 Jeff Sturm <jsturm@one-point.com>
[official-gcc.git] / gcc / c-semantics.c
blob7f88e970acdebee05affaed30004243971cf7778
1 /* This file contains the definitions and documentation for the common
2 tree codes used in the GNU C and C++ compilers (see c-common.def
3 for the standard codes).
4 Copyright (C) 2000, 2001 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
5 Written by Benjamin Chelf (chelf@codesourcery.com).
7 This file is part of GNU CC.
9 GNU CC is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
10 it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
11 the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option)
12 any later version.
14 GNU CC is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
15 but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
16 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
17 GNU General Public License for more details.
19 You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
20 along with GNU CC; see the file COPYING. If not, write to
21 the Free Software Foundation, 59 Temple Place - Suite 330,
22 Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA. */
24 #include "config.h"
25 #include "system.h"
26 #include "tree.h"
27 #include "function.h"
28 #include "splay-tree.h"
29 #include "varray.h"
30 #include "c-common.h"
31 #include "except.h"
32 #include "toplev.h"
33 #include "flags.h"
34 #include "ggc.h"
35 #include "rtl.h"
36 #include "expr.h"
37 #include "output.h"
38 #include "timevar.h"
40 /* If non-NULL, the address of a language-specific function for
41 expanding statements. */
42 void (*lang_expand_stmt) PARAMS ((tree));
44 /* If non-NULL, the address of a language-specific function for
45 expanding a DECL_STMT. After the language-independent cases are
46 handled, this function will be called. If this function is not
47 defined, it is assumed that declarations other than those for
48 variables and labels do not require any RTL generation. */
49 void (*lang_expand_decl_stmt) PARAMS ((tree));
51 /* Create an empty statement tree rooted at T. */
53 void
54 begin_stmt_tree (t)
55 tree *t;
57 /* We create a trivial EXPR_STMT so that last_tree is never NULL in
58 what follows. We remove the extraneous statement in
59 finish_stmt_tree. */
60 *t = build_nt (EXPR_STMT, void_zero_node);
61 last_tree = *t;
62 last_expr_type = NULL_TREE;
65 /* T is a statement. Add it to the statement-tree. */
67 tree
68 add_stmt (t)
69 tree t;
71 /* Add T to the statement-tree. */
72 TREE_CHAIN (last_tree) = t;
73 last_tree = t;
75 /* When we expand a statement-tree, we must know whether or not the
76 statements are full-expressions. We record that fact here. */
77 STMT_IS_FULL_EXPR_P (last_tree) = stmts_are_full_exprs_p ();
79 /* Keep track of the number of statements in this function. */
80 if (current_function_decl)
81 ++DECL_NUM_STMTS (current_function_decl);
83 return t;
86 /* Create a declaration statement for the declaration given by the
87 DECL. */
89 void
90 add_decl_stmt (decl)
91 tree decl;
93 tree decl_stmt;
95 /* We need the type to last until instantiation time. */
96 decl_stmt = build_stmt (DECL_STMT, decl);
97 add_stmt (decl_stmt);
100 /* Add a scope-statement to the statement-tree. BEGIN_P indicates
101 whether this statements opens or closes a scope. PARTIAL_P is true
102 for a partial scope, i.e, the scope that begins after a label when
103 an object that needs a cleanup is created. If BEGIN_P is nonzero,
104 returns a new TREE_LIST representing the top of the SCOPE_STMT
105 stack. The TREE_PURPOSE is the new SCOPE_STMT. If BEGIN_P is
106 zero, returns a TREE_LIST whose TREE_VALUE is the new SCOPE_STMT,
107 and whose TREE_PURPOSE is the matching SCOPE_STMT with
108 SCOPE_BEGIN_P set. */
110 tree
111 add_scope_stmt (begin_p, partial_p)
112 int begin_p;
113 int partial_p;
115 tree *stack_ptr = current_scope_stmt_stack ();
116 tree ss;
117 tree top = *stack_ptr;
119 /* Build the statement. */
120 ss = build_stmt (SCOPE_STMT, NULL_TREE);
121 SCOPE_BEGIN_P (ss) = begin_p;
122 SCOPE_PARTIAL_P (ss) = partial_p;
124 /* Keep the scope stack up to date. */
125 if (begin_p)
127 top = tree_cons (ss, NULL_TREE, top);
128 *stack_ptr = top;
130 else
132 TREE_VALUE (top) = ss;
133 *stack_ptr = TREE_CHAIN (top);
136 /* Add the new statement to the statement-tree. */
137 add_stmt (ss);
139 return top;
142 /* Finish the statement tree rooted at T. */
144 void
145 finish_stmt_tree (t)
146 tree *t;
148 tree stmt;
150 /* Remove the fake extra statement added in begin_stmt_tree. */
151 stmt = TREE_CHAIN (*t);
152 *t = stmt;
153 last_tree = NULL_TREE;
155 if (cfun && stmt)
157 /* The line-number recorded in the outermost statement in a function
158 is the line number of the end of the function. */
159 STMT_LINENO (stmt) = lineno;
160 STMT_LINENO_FOR_FN_P (stmt) = 1;
164 /* Build a generic statement based on the given type of node and
165 arguments. Similar to `build_nt', except that we set
166 STMT_LINENO to be the current line number. */
167 /* ??? This should be obsolete with the lineno_stmt productions
168 in the grammar. */
170 tree
171 build_stmt VPARAMS ((enum tree_code code, ...))
173 #ifndef ANSI_PROTOTYPES
174 enum tree_code code;
175 #endif
176 va_list p;
177 register tree t;
178 register int length;
179 register int i;
181 VA_START (p, code);
183 #ifndef ANSI_PROTOTYPES
184 code = va_arg (p, enum tree_code);
185 #endif
187 t = make_node (code);
188 length = TREE_CODE_LENGTH (code);
189 STMT_LINENO (t) = lineno;
191 for (i = 0; i < length; i++)
192 TREE_OPERAND (t, i) = va_arg (p, tree);
194 va_end (p);
195 return t;
198 /* Some statements, like for-statements or if-statements, require a
199 condition. This condition can be a declaration. If T is such a
200 declaration it is processed, and an expression appropriate to use
201 as the condition is returned. Otherwise, T itself is returned. */
203 tree
204 expand_cond (t)
205 tree t;
207 if (t && TREE_CODE (t) == TREE_LIST)
209 expand_stmt (TREE_PURPOSE (t));
210 return TREE_VALUE (t);
212 else
213 return t;
216 /* Create RTL for the local static variable DECL. */
218 void
219 make_rtl_for_local_static (decl)
220 tree decl;
222 const char *asmspec = NULL;
224 /* If we inlined this variable, we could see it's declaration
225 again. */
226 if (TREE_ASM_WRITTEN (decl))
227 return;
229 /* If the DECL_ASSEMBLER_NAME is not the same as the DECL_NAME, then
230 either we already created RTL for this DECL (and since it was a
231 local variable, its DECL_ASSEMBLER_NAME got hacked up to prevent
232 clashes with other local statics with the same name by a previous
233 call to make_decl_rtl), or the user explicitly requested a
234 particular assembly name for this variable, using the GNU
235 extension for this purpose:
237 int i asm ("j");
239 There's no way to know which case we're in, here. But, it turns
240 out we're safe. If there's already RTL, then
241 rest_of_decl_compilation ignores the ASMSPEC parameter, so we
242 may as well not pass it in. If there isn't RTL, then we didn't
243 already create RTL, which means that the modification to
244 DECL_ASSEMBLER_NAME came only via the explicit extension. */
245 if (DECL_ASSEMBLER_NAME (decl) != DECL_NAME (decl)
246 && !DECL_RTL (decl))
247 asmspec = IDENTIFIER_POINTER (DECL_ASSEMBLER_NAME (decl));
249 rest_of_decl_compilation (decl, asmspec, /*top_level=*/0, /*at_end=*/0);
252 /* Let the back-end know about DECL. */
254 void
255 emit_local_var (decl)
256 tree decl;
258 /* Create RTL for this variable. */
259 if (!DECL_RTL_SET_P (decl))
261 if (DECL_C_HARD_REGISTER (decl))
262 /* The user specified an assembler name for this variable.
263 Set that up now. */
264 rest_of_decl_compilation
265 (decl, IDENTIFIER_POINTER (DECL_ASSEMBLER_NAME (decl)),
266 /*top_level=*/0, /*at_end=*/0);
267 else
268 expand_decl (decl);
271 /* Actually do the initialization. */
272 if (stmts_are_full_exprs_p ())
273 expand_start_target_temps ();
275 expand_decl_init (decl);
277 if (stmts_are_full_exprs_p ())
278 expand_end_target_temps ();
281 /* Helper for generating the RTL at the beginning of a scope. */
283 void
284 genrtl_do_pushlevel ()
286 emit_line_note (input_filename, lineno);
287 clear_last_expr ();
290 /* Generate the RTL for DESTINATION, which is a GOTO_STMT. */
292 void
293 genrtl_goto_stmt (destination)
294 tree destination;
296 if (TREE_CODE (destination) == IDENTIFIER_NODE)
297 abort ();
299 /* We warn about unused labels with -Wunused. That means we have to
300 mark the used labels as used. */
301 if (TREE_CODE (destination) == LABEL_DECL)
302 TREE_USED (destination) = 1;
304 emit_line_note (input_filename, lineno);
306 if (TREE_CODE (destination) == LABEL_DECL)
308 label_rtx (destination);
309 expand_goto (destination);
311 else
312 expand_computed_goto (destination);
315 /* Generate the RTL for EXPR, which is an EXPR_STMT. */
317 void
318 genrtl_expr_stmt (expr)
319 tree expr;
321 if (expr != NULL_TREE)
323 emit_line_note (input_filename, lineno);
325 if (stmts_are_full_exprs_p ())
326 expand_start_target_temps ();
328 if (expr != error_mark_node)
329 expand_expr_stmt (expr);
331 if (stmts_are_full_exprs_p ())
332 expand_end_target_temps ();
336 /* Generate the RTL for T, which is a DECL_STMT. */
338 void
339 genrtl_decl_stmt (t)
340 tree t;
342 tree decl;
343 emit_line_note (input_filename, lineno);
344 decl = DECL_STMT_DECL (t);
345 /* If this is a declaration for an automatic local
346 variable, initialize it. Note that we might also see a
347 declaration for a namespace-scope object (declared with
348 `extern'). We don't have to handle the initialization
349 of those objects here; they can only be declarations,
350 rather than definitions. */
351 if (TREE_CODE (decl) == VAR_DECL
352 && !TREE_STATIC (decl)
353 && !DECL_EXTERNAL (decl))
355 /* Let the back-end know about this variable. */
356 if (!anon_aggr_type_p (TREE_TYPE (decl)))
357 emit_local_var (decl);
358 else
359 expand_anon_union_decl (decl, NULL_TREE,
360 DECL_ANON_UNION_ELEMS (decl));
362 else if (TREE_CODE (decl) == VAR_DECL && TREE_STATIC (decl))
363 make_rtl_for_local_static (decl);
364 else if (TREE_CODE (decl) == LABEL_DECL
365 && C_DECLARED_LABEL_FLAG (decl))
366 declare_nonlocal_label (decl);
367 else if (lang_expand_decl_stmt)
368 (*lang_expand_decl_stmt) (t);
371 /* Generate the RTL for T, which is an IF_STMT. */
373 void
374 genrtl_if_stmt (t)
375 tree t;
377 tree cond;
378 genrtl_do_pushlevel ();
379 cond = expand_cond (IF_COND (t));
380 emit_line_note (input_filename, lineno);
381 expand_start_cond (cond, 0);
382 if (THEN_CLAUSE (t))
383 expand_stmt (THEN_CLAUSE (t));
384 if (ELSE_CLAUSE (t))
386 expand_start_else ();
387 expand_stmt (ELSE_CLAUSE (t));
389 expand_end_cond ();
392 /* Generate the RTL for T, which is a WHILE_STMT. */
394 void
395 genrtl_while_stmt (t)
396 tree t;
398 tree cond;
399 emit_nop ();
400 emit_line_note (input_filename, lineno);
401 expand_start_loop (1);
402 genrtl_do_pushlevel ();
404 cond = expand_cond (WHILE_COND (t));
405 emit_line_note (input_filename, lineno);
406 expand_exit_loop_if_false (0, cond);
407 genrtl_do_pushlevel ();
409 expand_stmt (WHILE_BODY (t));
411 expand_end_loop ();
414 /* Generate the RTL for T, which is a DO_STMT. */
416 void
417 genrtl_do_stmt (t)
418 tree t;
420 tree cond = DO_COND (t);
422 /* Recognize the common special-case of do { ... } while (0) and do
423 not emit the loop widgetry in this case. In particular this
424 avoids cluttering the rtl with dummy loop notes, which can affect
425 alignment of adjacent labels. */
426 if (integer_zerop (cond))
428 expand_start_null_loop ();
429 expand_stmt (DO_BODY (t));
430 expand_end_null_loop ();
432 else
434 emit_nop ();
435 emit_line_note (input_filename, lineno);
436 expand_start_loop_continue_elsewhere (1);
438 expand_stmt (DO_BODY (t));
440 expand_loop_continue_here ();
441 cond = expand_cond (cond);
442 emit_line_note (input_filename, lineno);
443 expand_exit_loop_if_false (0, cond);
444 expand_end_loop ();
448 /* Build the node for a return statement and return it. */
450 tree
451 build_return_stmt (expr)
452 tree expr;
454 return (build_stmt (RETURN_STMT, expr));
457 /* Generate the RTL for STMT, which is a RETURN_STMT. */
459 void
460 genrtl_return_stmt (stmt)
461 tree stmt;
463 tree expr = RETURN_EXPR (stmt);
465 emit_line_note (input_filename, lineno);
466 if (!expr)
467 expand_null_return ();
468 else
470 expand_start_target_temps ();
471 expand_return (expr);
472 expand_end_target_temps ();
476 /* Generate the RTL for T, which is a FOR_STMT. */
478 void
479 genrtl_for_stmt (t)
480 tree t;
482 tree cond;
483 const char *saved_filename;
484 int saved_lineno;
486 if (NEW_FOR_SCOPE_P (t))
487 genrtl_do_pushlevel ();
489 expand_stmt (FOR_INIT_STMT (t));
491 /* Expand the initialization. */
492 emit_nop ();
493 emit_line_note (input_filename, lineno);
494 expand_start_loop_continue_elsewhere (1);
495 genrtl_do_pushlevel ();
496 cond = expand_cond (FOR_COND (t));
498 /* Save the filename and line number so that we expand the FOR_EXPR
499 we can reset them back to the saved values. */
500 saved_filename = input_filename;
501 saved_lineno = lineno;
503 /* Expand the condition. */
504 emit_line_note (input_filename, lineno);
505 if (cond)
506 expand_exit_loop_if_false (0, cond);
508 /* Expand the body. */
509 genrtl_do_pushlevel ();
510 expand_stmt (FOR_BODY (t));
512 /* Expand the increment expression. */
513 input_filename = saved_filename;
514 lineno = saved_lineno;
515 emit_line_note (input_filename, lineno);
516 expand_loop_continue_here ();
517 if (FOR_EXPR (t))
518 genrtl_expr_stmt (FOR_EXPR (t));
519 expand_end_loop ();
522 /* Build a break statement node and return it. */
524 tree
525 build_break_stmt ()
527 return (build_stmt (BREAK_STMT));
530 /* Generate the RTL for a BREAK_STMT. */
532 void
533 genrtl_break_stmt ()
535 emit_line_note (input_filename, lineno);
536 if ( ! expand_exit_something ())
537 error ("break statement not within loop or switch");
540 /* Build a continue statement node and return it. */
542 tree
543 build_continue_stmt ()
545 return (build_stmt (CONTINUE_STMT));
548 /* Generate the RTL for a CONTINUE_STMT. */
550 void
551 genrtl_continue_stmt ()
553 emit_line_note (input_filename, lineno);
554 if (! expand_continue_loop (0))
555 error ("continue statement not within a loop");
558 /* Generate the RTL for T, which is a SCOPE_STMT. */
560 void
561 genrtl_scope_stmt (t)
562 tree t;
564 if (!SCOPE_NO_CLEANUPS_P (t))
566 if (SCOPE_BEGIN_P (t))
567 expand_start_bindings_and_block (2 * SCOPE_NULLIFIED_P (t),
568 SCOPE_STMT_BLOCK (t));
569 else if (SCOPE_END_P (t))
570 expand_end_bindings (NULL_TREE, !SCOPE_NULLIFIED_P (t), 0);
572 else if (!SCOPE_NULLIFIED_P (t))
574 rtx note = emit_note (NULL,
575 (SCOPE_BEGIN_P (t)
576 ? NOTE_INSN_BLOCK_BEG
577 : NOTE_INSN_BLOCK_END));
578 NOTE_BLOCK (note) = SCOPE_STMT_BLOCK (t);
582 /* Generate the RTL for T, which is a SWITCH_STMT. */
584 void
585 genrtl_switch_stmt (t)
586 tree t;
588 tree cond;
589 genrtl_do_pushlevel ();
591 cond = expand_cond (SWITCH_COND (t));
592 if (cond == error_mark_node)
593 /* The code is in error, but we don't want expand_end_case to
594 crash. */
595 cond = boolean_false_node;
597 emit_line_note (input_filename, lineno);
598 expand_start_case (1, cond, TREE_TYPE (cond), "switch statement");
599 expand_stmt (SWITCH_BODY (t));
600 expand_end_case (cond);
603 /* Create a CASE_LABEL tree node and return it. */
605 tree
606 build_case_label (low_value, high_value, label_decl)
607 tree low_value;
608 tree high_value;
609 tree label_decl;
611 return build_stmt (CASE_LABEL, low_value, high_value, label_decl);
615 /* Generate the RTL for a CASE_LABEL. */
617 void
618 genrtl_case_label (case_label)
619 tree case_label;
621 tree duplicate;
622 tree cleanup;
624 cleanup = last_cleanup_this_contour ();
625 if (cleanup)
627 static int explained = 0;
628 warning_with_decl (TREE_PURPOSE (cleanup),
629 "destructor needed for `%#D'");
630 warning ("where case label appears here");
631 if (!explained)
633 warning ("(enclose actions of previous case statements requiring destructors in their own scope.)");
634 explained = 1;
638 add_case_node (CASE_LOW (case_label), CASE_HIGH (case_label),
639 CASE_LABEL_DECL (case_label), &duplicate);
642 /* Generate the RTL for T, which is a COMPOUND_STMT. */
644 void
645 genrtl_compound_stmt (t)
646 tree t;
648 expand_stmt (COMPOUND_BODY (t));
651 /* Generate the RTL for an ASM_STMT. */
653 void
654 genrtl_asm_stmt (cv_qualifier, string, output_operands,
655 input_operands, clobbers, asm_input_p)
656 tree cv_qualifier;
657 tree string;
658 tree output_operands;
659 tree input_operands;
660 tree clobbers;
661 int asm_input_p;
663 if (cv_qualifier != NULL_TREE
664 && cv_qualifier != ridpointers[(int) RID_VOLATILE])
666 warning ("%s qualifier ignored on asm",
667 IDENTIFIER_POINTER (cv_qualifier));
668 cv_qualifier = NULL_TREE;
671 emit_line_note (input_filename, lineno);
672 if (asm_input_p)
673 expand_asm (string);
674 else
675 c_expand_asm_operands (string, output_operands, input_operands,
676 clobbers, cv_qualifier != NULL_TREE,
677 input_filename, lineno);
680 /* Generate the RTL for a DECL_CLEANUP. */
682 void
683 genrtl_decl_cleanup (decl, cleanup)
684 tree decl;
685 tree cleanup;
687 if (!decl || (DECL_SIZE (decl) && TREE_TYPE (decl) != error_mark_node))
688 expand_decl_cleanup (decl, cleanup);
691 /* We're about to expand T, a statement. Set up appropriate context
692 for the substitution. */
694 void
695 prep_stmt (t)
696 tree t;
698 if (!STMT_LINENO_FOR_FN_P (t))
699 lineno = STMT_LINENO (t);
700 current_stmt_tree ()->stmts_are_full_exprs_p = STMT_IS_FULL_EXPR_P (t);
703 /* Generate the RTL for the statement T, its substatements, and any
704 other statements at its nesting level. */
706 void
707 expand_stmt (t)
708 tree t;
710 while (t && t != error_mark_node)
712 int saved_stmts_are_full_exprs_p;
714 /* Set up context appropriately for handling this statement. */
715 saved_stmts_are_full_exprs_p = stmts_are_full_exprs_p ();
716 prep_stmt (t);
718 switch (TREE_CODE (t))
720 case RETURN_STMT:
721 genrtl_return_stmt (t);
722 break;
724 case EXPR_STMT:
725 genrtl_expr_stmt (EXPR_STMT_EXPR (t));
726 break;
728 case DECL_STMT:
729 genrtl_decl_stmt (t);
730 break;
732 case FOR_STMT:
733 genrtl_for_stmt (t);
734 break;
736 case WHILE_STMT:
737 genrtl_while_stmt (t);
738 break;
740 case DO_STMT:
741 genrtl_do_stmt (t);
742 break;
744 case IF_STMT:
745 genrtl_if_stmt (t);
746 break;
748 case COMPOUND_STMT:
749 genrtl_compound_stmt (t);
750 break;
752 case BREAK_STMT:
753 genrtl_break_stmt ();
754 break;
756 case CONTINUE_STMT:
757 genrtl_continue_stmt ();
758 break;
760 case SWITCH_STMT:
761 genrtl_switch_stmt (t);
762 break;
764 case CASE_LABEL:
765 genrtl_case_label (t);
766 break;
768 case LABEL_STMT:
769 expand_label (LABEL_STMT_LABEL (t));
770 break;
772 case GOTO_STMT:
773 genrtl_goto_stmt (GOTO_DESTINATION (t));
774 break;
776 case ASM_STMT:
777 genrtl_asm_stmt (ASM_CV_QUAL (t), ASM_STRING (t),
778 ASM_OUTPUTS (t), ASM_INPUTS (t),
779 ASM_CLOBBERS (t), ASM_INPUT_P (t));
780 break;
782 case SCOPE_STMT:
783 genrtl_scope_stmt (t);
784 break;
786 default:
787 if (lang_expand_stmt)
788 (*lang_expand_stmt) (t);
789 else
790 abort ();
791 break;
794 /* Restore saved state. */
795 current_stmt_tree ()->stmts_are_full_exprs_p
796 = saved_stmts_are_full_exprs_p;
798 /* Go on to the next statement in this scope. */
799 t = TREE_CHAIN (t);