2015-02-20 Olivier Hainque <hainque@adacore.com>

[official-gcc.git] / gcc / tree-ssa-reassoc.c

/* Reassociation for trees.
   Copyright (C) 2005-2015 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
   Contributed by Daniel Berlin <dan@dberlin.org>

This file is part of GCC.

GCC is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
the Free Software Foundation; either version 3, or (at your option)
any later version.

GCC is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
GNU General Public License for more details.

You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
along with GCC; see the file COPYING3.  If not see
<http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.  */

#include "config.h"
#include "system.h"
#include "coretypes.h"
#include "hash-table.h"
#include "tm.h"
#include "rtl.h"
#include "tm_p.h"
#include "hash-set.h"
#include "machmode.h"
#include "vec.h"
#include "double-int.h"
#include "input.h"
#include "alias.h"
#include "symtab.h"
#include "wide-int.h"
#include "inchash.h"
#include "tree.h"
#include "fold-const.h"
#include "stor-layout.h"
#include "predict.h"
#include "hard-reg-set.h"
#include "function.h"
#include "dominance.h"
#include "cfg.h"
#include "cfganal.h"
#include "basic-block.h"
#include "gimple-pretty-print.h"
#include "tree-inline.h"
#include "hash-map.h"
#include "tree-ssa-alias.h"
#include "internal-fn.h"
#include "gimple-fold.h"
#include "tree-eh.h"
#include "gimple-expr.h"
#include "is-a.h"
#include "gimple.h"
#include "gimple-iterator.h"
#include "gimplify-me.h"
#include "gimple-ssa.h"
#include "tree-cfg.h"
#include "tree-phinodes.h"
#include "ssa-iterators.h"
#include "stringpool.h"
#include "tree-ssanames.h"
#include "tree-ssa-loop-niter.h"
#include "tree-ssa-loop.h"
#include "hashtab.h"
#include "flags.h"
#include "statistics.h"
#include "real.h"
#include "fixed-value.h"
#include "insn-config.h"
#include "expmed.h"
#include "dojump.h"
#include "explow.h"
#include "calls.h"
#include "emit-rtl.h"
#include "varasm.h"
#include "stmt.h"
#include "expr.h"
#include "tree-dfa.h"
#include "tree-ssa.h"
#include "tree-iterator.h"
#include "tree-pass.h"
#include "alloc-pool.h"
#include "langhooks.h"
#include "cfgloop.h"
#include "target.h"
#include "params.h"
#include "diagnostic-core.h"
#include "builtins.h"
#include "gimplify.h"
#include "insn-codes.h"
#include "optabs.h"

/*  This is a simple global reassociation pass.  It is, in part, based
    on the LLVM pass of the same name (They do some things more/less
    than we do, in different orders, etc).

    It consists of five steps:

    1. Breaking up subtract operations into addition + negate, where
    it would promote the reassociation of adds.

    2. Left linearization of the expression trees, so that (A+B)+(C+D)
    becomes (((A+B)+C)+D), which is easier for us to rewrite later.
    During linearization, we place the operands of the binary
    expressions into a vector of operand_entry_t

    3. Optimization of the operand lists, eliminating things like a +
    -a, a & a, etc.

    3a. Combine repeated factors with the same occurrence counts
    into a __builtin_powi call that will later be optimized into
    an optimal number of multiplies.

    4. Rewrite the expression trees we linearized and optimized so
    they are in proper rank order.

    5. Repropagate negates, as nothing else will clean it up ATM.

    A bit of theory on #4, since nobody seems to write anything down
    about why it makes sense to do it the way they do it:

    We could do this much nicer theoretically, but don't (for reasons
    explained after how to do it theoretically nice :P).

    In order to promote the most redundancy elimination, you want
    binary expressions whose operands are the same rank (or
    preferably, the same value) exposed to the redundancy eliminator,
    for possible elimination.

    So the way to do this if we really cared, is to build the new op
    tree from the leaves to the roots, merging as you go, and putting the
    new op on the end of the worklist, until you are left with one
    thing on the worklist.

    IE if you have to rewrite the following set of operands (listed with
    rank in parentheses), with opcode PLUS_EXPR:

    a (1),  b (1),  c (1),  d (2), e (2)


    We start with our merge worklist empty, and the ops list with all of
    those on it.

    You want to first merge all leaves of the same rank, as much as
    possible.

    So first build a binary op of

    mergetmp = a + b, and put "mergetmp" on the merge worklist.

    Because there is no three operand form of PLUS_EXPR, c is not going to
    be exposed to redundancy elimination as a rank 1 operand.

    So you might as well throw it on the merge worklist (you could also
    consider it to now be a rank two operand, and merge it with d and e,
    but in this case, you then have evicted e from a binary op. So at
    least in this situation, you can't win.)

    Then build a binary op of d + e
    mergetmp2 = d + e

    and put mergetmp2 on the merge worklist.

    so merge worklist = {mergetmp, c, mergetmp2}

    Continue building binary ops of these operations until you have only
    one operation left on the worklist.

    So we have

    build binary op
    mergetmp3 = mergetmp + c

    worklist = {mergetmp2, mergetmp3}

    mergetmp4 = mergetmp2 + mergetmp3

    worklist = {mergetmp4}

    because we have one operation left, we can now just set the original
    statement equal to the result of that operation.

    This will at least expose a + b  and d + e to redundancy elimination
    as binary operations.

    For extra points, you can reuse the old statements to build the
    mergetmps, since you shouldn't run out.

    So why don't we do this?

    Because it's expensive, and rarely will help.  Most trees we are
    reassociating have 3 or less ops.  If they have 2 ops, they already
    will be written into a nice single binary op.  If you have 3 ops, a
    single simple check suffices to tell you whether the first two are of the
    same rank.  If so, you know to order it

    mergetmp = op1 + op2
    newstmt = mergetmp + op3

    instead of
    mergetmp = op2 + op3
    newstmt = mergetmp + op1

    If all three are of the same rank, you can't expose them all in a
    single binary operator anyway, so the above is *still* the best you
    can do.

    Thus, this is what we do.  When we have three ops left, we check to see
    what order to put them in, and call it a day.  As a nod to vector sum
    reduction, we check if any of the ops are really a phi node that is a
    destructive update for the associating op, and keep the destructive
    update together for vector sum reduction recognition.  */


/* Statistics */
static struct
{
  int linearized;
  int constants_eliminated;
  int ops_eliminated;
  int rewritten;
  int pows_encountered;
  int pows_created;
} reassociate_stats;

/* Operator, rank pair.  */
typedef struct operand_entry
{
  unsigned int rank;
  int id;
  tree op;
  unsigned int count;
} *operand_entry_t;

static alloc_pool operand_entry_pool;

/* This is used to assign a unique ID to each struct operand_entry
   so that qsort results are identical on different hosts.  */
static int next_operand_entry_id;

/* Starting rank number for a given basic block, so that we can rank
   operations using unmovable instructions in that BB based on the bb
   depth.  */
static long *bb_rank;

/* Operand->rank hashtable.  */
static hash_map<tree, long> *operand_rank;

/* Vector of SSA_NAMEs on which after reassociate_bb is done with
   all basic blocks the CFG should be adjusted - basic blocks
   split right after that SSA_NAME's definition statement and before
   the only use, which must be a bit ior.  */
static vec<tree> reassoc_branch_fixups;

/* Forward decls.  */
static long get_rank (tree);
static bool reassoc_stmt_dominates_stmt_p (gimple, gimple);

/* Wrapper around gsi_remove, which adjusts gimple_uid of debug stmts
   possibly added by gsi_remove.  */

bool
reassoc_remove_stmt (gimple_stmt_iterator *gsi)
{
  gimple stmt = gsi_stmt (*gsi);

  if (!MAY_HAVE_DEBUG_STMTS || gimple_code (stmt) == GIMPLE_PHI)
    return gsi_remove (gsi, true);

  gimple_stmt_iterator prev = *gsi;
  gsi_prev (&prev);
  unsigned uid = gimple_uid (stmt);
  basic_block bb = gimple_bb (stmt);
  bool ret = gsi_remove (gsi, true);
  if (!gsi_end_p (prev))
    gsi_next (&prev);
  else
    prev = gsi_start_bb (bb);
  gimple end_stmt = gsi_stmt (*gsi);
  while ((stmt = gsi_stmt (prev)) != end_stmt)
    {
      gcc_assert (stmt && is_gimple_debug (stmt) && gimple_uid (stmt) == 0);
      gimple_set_uid (stmt, uid);
      gsi_next (&prev);
    }
  return ret;
}

/* Bias amount for loop-carried phis.  We want this to be larger than
   the depth of any reassociation tree we can see, but not larger than
   the rank difference between two blocks.  */
#define PHI_LOOP_BIAS (1 << 15)

/* Rank assigned to a phi statement.  If STMT is a loop-carried phi of
   an innermost loop, and the phi has only a single use which is inside
   the loop, then the rank is the block rank of the loop latch plus an
   extra bias for the loop-carried dependence.  This causes expressions
   calculated into an accumulator variable to be independent for each
   iteration of the loop.  If STMT is some other phi, the rank is the
   block rank of its containing block.  */
static long
phi_rank (gimple stmt)
{
  basic_block bb = gimple_bb (stmt);
  struct loop *father = bb->loop_father;
  tree res;
  unsigned i;
  use_operand_p use;
  gimple use_stmt;

  /* We only care about real loops (those with a latch).  */
  if (!father->latch)
    return bb_rank[bb->index];

  /* Interesting phis must be in headers of innermost loops.  */
  if (bb != father->header
      || father->inner)
    return bb_rank[bb->index];

  /* Ignore virtual SSA_NAMEs.  */
  res = gimple_phi_result (stmt);
  if (virtual_operand_p (res))
    return bb_rank[bb->index];

  /* The phi definition must have a single use, and that use must be
     within the loop.  Otherwise this isn't an accumulator pattern.  */
  if (!single_imm_use (res, &use, &use_stmt)
      || gimple_bb (use_stmt)->loop_father != father)
    return bb_rank[bb->index];

  /* Look for phi arguments from within the loop.  If found, bias this phi.  */
  for (i = 0; i < gimple_phi_num_args (stmt); i++)
    {
      tree arg = gimple_phi_arg_def (stmt, i);
      if (TREE_CODE (arg) == SSA_NAME
          && !SSA_NAME_IS_DEFAULT_DEF (arg))
        {
          gimple def_stmt = SSA_NAME_DEF_STMT (arg);
          if (gimple_bb (def_stmt)->loop_father == father)
            return bb_rank[father->latch->index] + PHI_LOOP_BIAS;
        }
    }

  /* Must be an uninteresting phi.  */
  return bb_rank[bb->index];
}

/* If EXP is an SSA_NAME defined by a PHI statement that represents a
   loop-carried dependence of an innermost loop, return TRUE; else
   return FALSE.  */
static bool
loop_carried_phi (tree exp)
{
  gimple phi_stmt;
  long block_rank;

  if (TREE_CODE (exp) != SSA_NAME
      || SSA_NAME_IS_DEFAULT_DEF (exp))
    return false;

  phi_stmt = SSA_NAME_DEF_STMT (exp);

  if (gimple_code (SSA_NAME_DEF_STMT (exp)) != GIMPLE_PHI)
    return false;

  /* Non-loop-carried phis have block rank.  Loop-carried phis have
     an additional bias added in.  If this phi doesn't have block rank,
     it's biased and should not be propagated.  */
  block_rank = bb_rank[gimple_bb (phi_stmt)->index];

  if (phi_rank (phi_stmt) != block_rank)
    return true;

  return false;
}

/* Return the maximum of RANK and the rank that should be propagated
   from expression OP.  For most operands, this is just the rank of OP.
   For loop-carried phis, the value is zero to avoid undoing the bias
   in favor of the phi.  */
static long
propagate_rank (long rank, tree op)
{
  long op_rank;

  if (loop_carried_phi (op))
    return rank;

  op_rank = get_rank (op);

  return MAX (rank, op_rank);
}

/* Look up the operand rank structure for expression E.  */

static inline long
find_operand_rank (tree e)
{
  long *slot = operand_rank->get (e);
  return slot ? *slot : -1;
}

/* Insert {E,RANK} into the operand rank hashtable.  */

static inline void
insert_operand_rank (tree e, long rank)
{
  gcc_assert (rank > 0);
  gcc_assert (!operand_rank->put (e, rank));
}

/* Given an expression E, return the rank of the expression.  */

static long
get_rank (tree e)
{
  /* Constants have rank 0.  */
  if (is_gimple_min_invariant (e))
    return 0;

  /* SSA_NAME's have the rank of the expression they are the result
     of.
     For globals and uninitialized values, the rank is 0.
     For function arguments, use the pre-setup rank.
     For PHI nodes, stores, asm statements, etc, we use the rank of
     the BB.
     For simple operations, the rank is the maximum rank of any of
     its operands, or the bb_rank, whichever is less.
     I make no claims that this is optimal, however, it gives good
     results.  */

  /* We make an exception to the normal ranking system to break
     dependences of accumulator variables in loops.  Suppose we
     have a simple one-block loop containing:

       x_1 = phi(x_0, x_2)
       b = a + x_1
       c = b + d
       x_2 = c + e

     As shown, each iteration of the calculation into x is fully
     dependent upon the iteration before it.  We would prefer to
     see this in the form:

       x_1 = phi(x_0, x_2)
       b = a + d
       c = b + e
       x_2 = c + x_1

     If the loop is unrolled, the calculations of b and c from
     different iterations can be interleaved.

     To obtain this result during reassociation, we bias the rank
     of the phi definition x_1 upward, when it is recognized as an
     accumulator pattern.  The artificial rank causes it to be 
     added last, providing the desired independence.  */

  if (TREE_CODE (e) == SSA_NAME)
    {
      gimple stmt;
      long rank;
      int i, n;
      tree op;

      if (SSA_NAME_IS_DEFAULT_DEF (e))
        return find_operand_rank (e);

      stmt = SSA_NAME_DEF_STMT (e);
      if (gimple_code (stmt) == GIMPLE_PHI)
        return phi_rank (stmt);

      if (!is_gimple_assign (stmt)
          || gimple_vdef (stmt))
        return bb_rank[gimple_bb (stmt)->index];

      /* If we already have a rank for this expression, use that.  */
      rank = find_operand_rank (e);
      if (rank != -1)
        return rank;

      /* Otherwise, find the maximum rank for the operands.  As an
         exception, remove the bias from loop-carried phis when propagating
         the rank so that dependent operations are not also biased.  */
      rank = 0;
      if (gimple_assign_single_p (stmt))
        {
          tree rhs = gimple_assign_rhs1 (stmt);
          n = TREE_OPERAND_LENGTH (rhs);
          if (n == 0)
            rank = propagate_rank (rank, rhs);
          else
            {
              for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
                {
                  op = TREE_OPERAND (rhs, i);

                  if (op != NULL_TREE)
                    rank = propagate_rank (rank, op);
                }
            }
        }
      else
        {
          n = gimple_num_ops (stmt);
          for (i = 1; i < n; i++)
            {
              op = gimple_op (stmt, i);
              gcc_assert (op);
              rank = propagate_rank (rank, op);
            }
        }

      if (dump_file && (dump_flags & TDF_DETAILS))
        {
          fprintf (dump_file, "Rank for ");
          print_generic_expr (dump_file, e, 0);
          fprintf (dump_file, " is %ld\n", (rank + 1));
        }

      /* Note the rank in the hashtable so we don't recompute it.  */
      insert_operand_rank (e, (rank + 1));
      return (rank + 1);
    }

  /* Globals, etc,  are rank 0 */
  return 0;
}


/* We want integer ones to end up last no matter what, since they are
   the ones we can do the most with.  */
#define INTEGER_CONST_TYPE 1 << 3
#define FLOAT_CONST_TYPE 1 << 2
#define OTHER_CONST_TYPE 1 << 1

/* Classify an invariant tree into integer, float, or other, so that
   we can sort them to be near other constants of the same type.  */
static inline int
constant_type (tree t)
{
  if (INTEGRAL_TYPE_P (TREE_TYPE (t)))
    return INTEGER_CONST_TYPE;
  else if (SCALAR_FLOAT_TYPE_P (TREE_TYPE (t)))
    return FLOAT_CONST_TYPE;
  else
    return OTHER_CONST_TYPE;
}

/* qsort comparison function to sort operand entries PA and PB by rank
   so that the sorted array is ordered by rank in decreasing order.  */
static int
sort_by_operand_rank (const void *pa, const void *pb)
{
  const operand_entry_t oea = *(const operand_entry_t *)pa;
  const operand_entry_t oeb = *(const operand_entry_t *)pb;

  /* It's nicer for optimize_expression if constants that are likely
     to fold when added/multiplied//whatever are put next to each
     other.  Since all constants have rank 0, order them by type.  */
  if (oeb->rank == 0 && oea->rank == 0)
    {
      if (constant_type (oeb->op) != constant_type (oea->op))
        return constant_type (oeb->op) - constant_type (oea->op);
      else
        /* To make sorting result stable, we use unique IDs to determine
           order.  */
        return oeb->id - oea->id;
    }

  /* Lastly, make sure the versions that are the same go next to each
     other.  */
  if ((oeb->rank - oea->rank == 0)
      && TREE_CODE (oea->op) == SSA_NAME
      && TREE_CODE (oeb->op) == SSA_NAME)
    {
      /* As SSA_NAME_VERSION is assigned pretty randomly, because we reuse
         versions of removed SSA_NAMEs, so if possible, prefer to sort
         based on basic block and gimple_uid of the SSA_NAME_DEF_STMT.
         See PR60418.  */
      if (!SSA_NAME_IS_DEFAULT_DEF (oea->op)
          && !SSA_NAME_IS_DEFAULT_DEF (oeb->op)
          && SSA_NAME_VERSION (oeb->op) != SSA_NAME_VERSION (oea->op))
        {
          gimple stmta = SSA_NAME_DEF_STMT (oea->op);
          gimple stmtb = SSA_NAME_DEF_STMT (oeb->op);
          basic_block bba = gimple_bb (stmta);
          basic_block bbb = gimple_bb (stmtb);
          if (bbb != bba)
            {
              if (bb_rank[bbb->index] != bb_rank[bba->index])
                return bb_rank[bbb->index] - bb_rank[bba->index];
            }
          else
            {
              bool da = reassoc_stmt_dominates_stmt_p (stmta, stmtb);
              bool db = reassoc_stmt_dominates_stmt_p (stmtb, stmta);
              if (da != db)
                return da ? 1 : -1;
            }
        }

      if (SSA_NAME_VERSION (oeb->op) != SSA_NAME_VERSION (oea->op))
        return SSA_NAME_VERSION (oeb->op) - SSA_NAME_VERSION (oea->op);
      else
        return oeb->id - oea->id;
    }

  if (oeb->rank != oea->rank)
    return oeb->rank - oea->rank;
  else
    return oeb->id - oea->id;
}

/* Add an operand entry to *OPS for the tree operand OP.  */

static void
add_to_ops_vec (vec<operand_entry_t> *ops, tree op)
{
  operand_entry_t oe = (operand_entry_t) pool_alloc (operand_entry_pool);

  oe->op = op;
  oe->rank = get_rank (op);
  oe->id = next_operand_entry_id++;
  oe->count = 1;
  ops->safe_push (oe);
}

/* Add an operand entry to *OPS for the tree operand OP with repeat
   count REPEAT.  */

static void
add_repeat_to_ops_vec (vec<operand_entry_t> *ops, tree op,
                       HOST_WIDE_INT repeat)
{
  operand_entry_t oe = (operand_entry_t) pool_alloc (operand_entry_pool);

  oe->op = op;
  oe->rank = get_rank (op);
  oe->id = next_operand_entry_id++;
  oe->count = repeat;
  ops->safe_push (oe);

  reassociate_stats.pows_encountered++;
}

/* Return true if STMT is reassociable operation containing a binary
   operation with tree code CODE, and is inside LOOP.  */

static bool
is_reassociable_op (gimple stmt, enum tree_code code, struct loop *loop)
{
  basic_block bb = gimple_bb (stmt);

  if (gimple_bb (stmt) == NULL)
    return false;

  if (!flow_bb_inside_loop_p (loop, bb))
    return false;

  if (is_gimple_assign (stmt)
      && gimple_assign_rhs_code (stmt) == code
      && has_single_use (gimple_assign_lhs (stmt)))
    return true;

  return false;
}


/* Given NAME, if NAME is defined by a unary operation OPCODE, return the
   operand of the negate operation.  Otherwise, return NULL.  */

static tree
get_unary_op (tree name, enum tree_code opcode)
{
  gimple stmt = SSA_NAME_DEF_STMT (name);

  if (!is_gimple_assign (stmt))
    return NULL_TREE;

  if (gimple_assign_rhs_code (stmt) == opcode)
    return gimple_assign_rhs1 (stmt);
  return NULL_TREE;
}

/* If CURR and LAST are a pair of ops that OPCODE allows us to
   eliminate through equivalences, do so, remove them from OPS, and
   return true.  Otherwise, return false.  */

static bool
eliminate_duplicate_pair (enum tree_code opcode,
                          vec<operand_entry_t> *ops,
                          bool *all_done,
                          unsigned int i,
                          operand_entry_t curr,
                          operand_entry_t last)
{

  /* If we have two of the same op, and the opcode is & |, min, or max,
     we can eliminate one of them.
     If we have two of the same op, and the opcode is ^, we can
     eliminate both of them.  */

  if (last && last->op == curr->op)
    {
      switch (opcode)
        {
        case MAX_EXPR:
        case MIN_EXPR:
        case BIT_IOR_EXPR:
        case BIT_AND_EXPR:
          if (dump_file && (dump_flags & TDF_DETAILS))
            {
              fprintf (dump_file, "Equivalence: ");
              print_generic_expr (dump_file, curr->op, 0);
              fprintf (dump_file, " [&|minmax] ");
              print_generic_expr (dump_file, last->op, 0);
              fprintf (dump_file, " -> ");
              print_generic_stmt (dump_file, last->op, 0);
            }

          ops->ordered_remove (i);
          reassociate_stats.ops_eliminated ++;

          return true;

        case BIT_XOR_EXPR:
          if (dump_file && (dump_flags & TDF_DETAILS))
            {
              fprintf (dump_file, "Equivalence: ");
              print_generic_expr (dump_file, curr->op, 0);
              fprintf (dump_file, " ^ ");
              print_generic_expr (dump_file, last->op, 0);
              fprintf (dump_file, " -> nothing\n");
            }

          reassociate_stats.ops_eliminated += 2;

          if (ops->length () == 2)
            {
              ops->create (0);
              add_to_ops_vec (ops, build_zero_cst (TREE_TYPE (last->op)));
              *all_done = true;
            }
          else
            {
              ops->ordered_remove (i-1);
              ops->ordered_remove (i-1);
            }

          return true;

        default:
          break;
        }
    }
  return false;
}

static vec<tree> plus_negates;

/* If OPCODE is PLUS_EXPR, CURR->OP is a negate expression or a bitwise not
   expression, look in OPS for a corresponding positive operation to cancel
   it out.  If we find one, remove the other from OPS, replace
   OPS[CURRINDEX] with 0 or -1, respectively, and return true.  Otherwise,
   return false. */

static bool
eliminate_plus_minus_pair (enum tree_code opcode,
                           vec<operand_entry_t> *ops,
                           unsigned int currindex,
                           operand_entry_t curr)
{
  tree negateop;
  tree notop;
  unsigned int i;
  operand_entry_t oe;

  if (opcode != PLUS_EXPR || TREE_CODE (curr->op) != SSA_NAME)
    return false;

  negateop = get_unary_op (curr->op, NEGATE_EXPR);
  notop = get_unary_op (curr->op, BIT_NOT_EXPR);
  if (negateop == NULL_TREE && notop == NULL_TREE)
    return false;

  /* Any non-negated version will have a rank that is one less than
     the current rank.  So once we hit those ranks, if we don't find
     one, we can stop.  */

  for (i = currindex + 1;
       ops->iterate (i, &oe)
       && oe->rank >= curr->rank - 1 ;
       i++)
    {
      if (oe->op == negateop)
        {

          if (dump_file && (dump_flags & TDF_DETAILS))
            {
              fprintf (dump_file, "Equivalence: ");
              print_generic_expr (dump_file, negateop, 0);
              fprintf (dump_file, " + -");
              print_generic_expr (dump_file, oe->op, 0);
              fprintf (dump_file, " -> 0\n");
            }

          ops->ordered_remove (i);
          add_to_ops_vec (ops, build_zero_cst (TREE_TYPE (oe->op)));
          ops->ordered_remove (currindex);
          reassociate_stats.ops_eliminated ++;

          return true;
        }
      else if (oe->op == notop)
        {
          tree op_type = TREE_TYPE (oe->op);

          if (dump_file && (dump_flags & TDF_DETAILS))
            {
              fprintf (dump_file, "Equivalence: ");
              print_generic_expr (dump_file, notop, 0);
              fprintf (dump_file, " + ~");
              print_generic_expr (dump_file, oe->op, 0);
              fprintf (dump_file, " -> -1\n");
            }

          ops->ordered_remove (i);
          add_to_ops_vec (ops, build_int_cst_type (op_type, -1));
          ops->ordered_remove (currindex);
          reassociate_stats.ops_eliminated ++;

          return true;
        }
    }

  /* CURR->OP is a negate expr in a plus expr: save it for later
     inspection in repropagate_negates().  */
  if (negateop != NULL_TREE)
    plus_negates.safe_push (curr->op);

  return false;
}

/* If OPCODE is BIT_IOR_EXPR, BIT_AND_EXPR, and, CURR->OP is really a
   bitwise not expression, look in OPS for a corresponding operand to
   cancel it out.  If we find one, remove the other from OPS, replace
   OPS[CURRINDEX] with 0, and return true.  Otherwise, return
   false. */

static bool
eliminate_not_pairs (enum tree_code opcode,
                     vec<operand_entry_t> *ops,
                     unsigned int currindex,
                     operand_entry_t curr)
{
  tree notop;
  unsigned int i;
  operand_entry_t oe;

  if ((opcode != BIT_IOR_EXPR && opcode != BIT_AND_EXPR)
      || TREE_CODE (curr->op) != SSA_NAME)
    return false;

  notop = get_unary_op (curr->op, BIT_NOT_EXPR);
  if (notop == NULL_TREE)
    return false;

  /* Any non-not version will have a rank that is one less than
     the current rank.  So once we hit those ranks, if we don't find
     one, we can stop.  */

  for (i = currindex + 1;
       ops->iterate (i, &oe)
       && oe->rank >= curr->rank - 1;
       i++)
    {
      if (oe->op == notop)
        {
          if (dump_file && (dump_flags & TDF_DETAILS))
            {
              fprintf (dump_file, "Equivalence: ");
              print_generic_expr (dump_file, notop, 0);
              if (opcode == BIT_AND_EXPR)
                fprintf (dump_file, " & ~");
              else if (opcode == BIT_IOR_EXPR)
                fprintf (dump_file, " | ~");
              print_generic_expr (dump_file, oe->op, 0);
              if (opcode == BIT_AND_EXPR)
                fprintf (dump_file, " -> 0\n");
              else if (opcode == BIT_IOR_EXPR)
                fprintf (dump_file, " -> -1\n");
            }

          if (opcode == BIT_AND_EXPR)
            oe->op = build_zero_cst (TREE_TYPE (oe->op));
          else if (opcode == BIT_IOR_EXPR)
            oe->op = build_all_ones_cst (TREE_TYPE (oe->op));

          reassociate_stats.ops_eliminated += ops->length () - 1;
          ops->truncate (0);
          ops->quick_push (oe);
          return true;
        }
    }

  return false;
}

/* Use constant value that may be present in OPS to try to eliminate
   operands.  Note that this function is only really used when we've
   eliminated ops for other reasons, or merged constants.  Across
   single statements, fold already does all of this, plus more.  There
   is little point in duplicating logic, so I've only included the
   identities that I could ever construct testcases to trigger.  */

static void
eliminate_using_constants (enum tree_code opcode,
                           vec<operand_entry_t> *ops)
{
  operand_entry_t oelast = ops->last ();
  tree type = TREE_TYPE (oelast->op);

  if (oelast->rank == 0
      && (INTEGRAL_TYPE_P (type) || FLOAT_TYPE_P (type)))
    {
      switch (opcode)
        {
        case BIT_AND_EXPR:
          if (integer_zerop (oelast->op))
            {
              if (ops->length () != 1)
                {
                  if (dump_file && (dump_flags & TDF_DETAILS))
                    fprintf (dump_file, "Found & 0, removing all other ops\n");

                  reassociate_stats.ops_eliminated += ops->length () - 1;

                  ops->truncate (0);
                  ops->quick_push (oelast);
                  return;
                }
            }
          else if (integer_all_onesp (oelast->op))
            {
              if (ops->length () != 1)
                {
                  if (dump_file && (dump_flags & TDF_DETAILS))
                    fprintf (dump_file, "Found & -1, removing\n");
                  ops->pop ();
                  reassociate_stats.ops_eliminated++;
                }
            }
          break;
        case BIT_IOR_EXPR:
          if (integer_all_onesp (oelast->op))
            {
              if (ops->length () != 1)
                {
                  if (dump_file && (dump_flags & TDF_DETAILS))
                    fprintf (dump_file, "Found | -1, removing all other ops\n");

                  reassociate_stats.ops_eliminated += ops->length () - 1;

                  ops->truncate (0);
                  ops->quick_push (oelast);
                  return;
                }
            }
          else if (integer_zerop (oelast->op))
            {
              if (ops->length () != 1)
                {
                  if (dump_file && (dump_flags & TDF_DETAILS))
                    fprintf (dump_file, "Found | 0, removing\n");
                  ops->pop ();
                  reassociate_stats.ops_eliminated++;
                }
            }
          break;
        case MULT_EXPR:
          if (integer_zerop (oelast->op)
              || (FLOAT_TYPE_P (type)
                  && !HONOR_NANS (type)
                  && !HONOR_SIGNED_ZEROS (type)
                  && real_zerop (oelast->op)))
            {
              if (ops->length () != 1)
                {
                  if (dump_file && (dump_flags & TDF_DETAILS))
                    fprintf (dump_file, "Found * 0, removing all other ops\n");

                  reassociate_stats.ops_eliminated += ops->length () - 1;
                  ops->truncate (1);
                  ops->quick_push (oelast);
                  return;
                }
            }
          else if (integer_onep (oelast->op)
                   || (FLOAT_TYPE_P (type)
                       && !HONOR_SNANS (type)
                       && real_onep (oelast->op)))
            {
              if (ops->length () != 1)
                {
                  if (dump_file && (dump_flags & TDF_DETAILS))
                    fprintf (dump_file, "Found * 1, removing\n");
                  ops->pop ();
                  reassociate_stats.ops_eliminated++;
                  return;
                }
            }
          break;
        case BIT_XOR_EXPR:
        case PLUS_EXPR:
        case MINUS_EXPR:
          if (integer_zerop (oelast->op)
              || (FLOAT_TYPE_P (type)
                  && (opcode == PLUS_EXPR || opcode == MINUS_EXPR)
                  && fold_real_zero_addition_p (type, oelast->op,
                                                opcode == MINUS_EXPR)))
            {
              if (ops->length () != 1)
                {
                  if (dump_file && (dump_flags & TDF_DETAILS))
                    fprintf (dump_file, "Found [|^+] 0, removing\n");
                  ops->pop ();
                  reassociate_stats.ops_eliminated++;
                  return;
                }
            }
          break;
        default:
          break;
        }
    }
}


static void linearize_expr_tree (vec<operand_entry_t> *, gimple,
                                 bool, bool);

/* Structure for tracking and counting operands.  */
typedef struct oecount_s {
  int cnt;
  int id;
  enum tree_code oecode;
  tree op;
} oecount;


/* The heap for the oecount hashtable and the sorted list of operands.  */
static vec<oecount> cvec;


/* Oecount hashtable helpers.  */

struct oecount_hasher
{
  typedef int value_type;
  typedef int compare_type;
  typedef int store_values_directly;
  static inline hashval_t hash (const value_type &);
  static inline bool equal (const value_type &, const compare_type &);
  static bool is_deleted (int &v) { return v == 1; }
  static void mark_deleted (int &e) { e = 1; }
  static bool is_empty (int &v) { return v == 0; }
  static void mark_empty (int &e) { e = 0; }
  static void remove (int &) {}
};

/* Hash function for oecount.  */

inline hashval_t
oecount_hasher::hash (const value_type &p)
{
  const oecount *c = &cvec[p - 42];
  return htab_hash_pointer (c->op) ^ (hashval_t)c->oecode;
}

/* Comparison function for oecount.  */

inline bool
oecount_hasher::equal (const value_type &p1, const compare_type &p2)
{
  const oecount *c1 = &cvec[p1 - 42];
  const oecount *c2 = &cvec[p2 - 42];
  return (c1->oecode == c2->oecode
          && c1->op == c2->op);
}

/* Comparison function for qsort sorting oecount elements by count.  */

static int
oecount_cmp (const void *p1, const void *p2)
{
  const oecount *c1 = (const oecount *)p1;
  const oecount *c2 = (const oecount *)p2;
  if (c1->cnt != c2->cnt)
    return c1->cnt - c2->cnt;
  else
    /* If counts are identical, use unique IDs to stabilize qsort.  */
    return c1->id - c2->id;
}

/* Return TRUE iff STMT represents a builtin call that raises OP
   to some exponent.  */

static bool
stmt_is_power_of_op (gimple stmt, tree op)
{
  tree fndecl;

  if (!is_gimple_call (stmt))
    return false;

  fndecl = gimple_call_fndecl (stmt);

  if (!fndecl
      || DECL_BUILT_IN_CLASS (fndecl) != BUILT_IN_NORMAL)
    return false;

  switch (DECL_FUNCTION_CODE (gimple_call_fndecl (stmt)))
    {
    CASE_FLT_FN (BUILT_IN_POW):
    CASE_FLT_FN (BUILT_IN_POWI):
      return (operand_equal_p (gimple_call_arg (stmt, 0), op, 0));
      
    default:
      return false;
    }
}

/* Given STMT which is a __builtin_pow* call, decrement its exponent
   in place and return the result.  Assumes that stmt_is_power_of_op
   was previously called for STMT and returned TRUE.  */

static HOST_WIDE_INT
decrement_power (gimple stmt)
{
  REAL_VALUE_TYPE c, cint;
  HOST_WIDE_INT power;
  tree arg1;

  switch (DECL_FUNCTION_CODE (gimple_call_fndecl (stmt)))
    {
    CASE_FLT_FN (BUILT_IN_POW):
      arg1 = gimple_call_arg (stmt, 1);
      c = TREE_REAL_CST (arg1);
      power = real_to_integer (&c) - 1;
      real_from_integer (&cint, VOIDmode, power, SIGNED);
      gimple_call_set_arg (stmt, 1, build_real (TREE_TYPE (arg1), cint));
      return power;

    CASE_FLT_FN (BUILT_IN_POWI):
      arg1 = gimple_call_arg (stmt, 1);
      power = TREE_INT_CST_LOW (arg1) - 1;
      gimple_call_set_arg (stmt, 1, build_int_cst (TREE_TYPE (arg1), power));
      return power;

    default:
      gcc_unreachable ();
    }
}

/* Find the single immediate use of STMT's LHS, and replace it
   with OP.  Remove STMT.  If STMT's LHS is the same as *DEF,
   replace *DEF with OP as well.  */

static void
propagate_op_to_single_use (tree op, gimple stmt, tree *def)
{
  tree lhs;
  gimple use_stmt;
  use_operand_p use;
  gimple_stmt_iterator gsi;

  if (is_gimple_call (stmt))
    lhs = gimple_call_lhs (stmt);
  else
    lhs = gimple_assign_lhs (stmt);

  gcc_assert (has_single_use (lhs));
  single_imm_use (lhs, &use, &use_stmt);
  if (lhs == *def)
    *def = op;
  SET_USE (use, op);
  if (TREE_CODE (op) != SSA_NAME)
    update_stmt (use_stmt);
  gsi = gsi_for_stmt (stmt);
  unlink_stmt_vdef (stmt);
  reassoc_remove_stmt (&gsi);
  release_defs (stmt);
}

/* Walks the linear chain with result *DEF searching for an operation
   with operand OP and code OPCODE removing that from the chain.  *DEF
   is updated if there is only one operand but no operation left.  */

static void
zero_one_operation (tree *def, enum tree_code opcode, tree op)
{
  gimple stmt = SSA_NAME_DEF_STMT (*def);

  do
    {
      tree name;

      if (opcode == MULT_EXPR
          && stmt_is_power_of_op (stmt, op))
        {
          if (decrement_power (stmt) == 1)
            propagate_op_to_single_use (op, stmt, def);
          return;
        }

      name = gimple_assign_rhs1 (stmt);

      /* If this is the operation we look for and one of the operands
         is ours simply propagate the other operand into the stmts
         single use.  */
      if (gimple_assign_rhs_code (stmt) == opcode
          && (name == op
              || gimple_assign_rhs2 (stmt) == op))
        {
          if (name == op)
            name = gimple_assign_rhs2 (stmt);
          propagate_op_to_single_use (name, stmt, def);
          return;
        }

      /* We might have a multiply of two __builtin_pow* calls, and
         the operand might be hiding in the rightmost one.  */
      if (opcode == MULT_EXPR
          && gimple_assign_rhs_code (stmt) == opcode
          && TREE_CODE (gimple_assign_rhs2 (stmt)) == SSA_NAME
          && has_single_use (gimple_assign_rhs2 (stmt)))
        {
          gimple stmt2 = SSA_NAME_DEF_STMT (gimple_assign_rhs2 (stmt));
          if (stmt_is_power_of_op (stmt2, op))
            {
              if (decrement_power (stmt2) == 1)
                propagate_op_to_single_use (op, stmt2, def);
              return;
            }
        }

      /* Continue walking the chain.  */
      gcc_assert (name != op
                  && TREE_CODE (name) == SSA_NAME);
      stmt = SSA_NAME_DEF_STMT (name);
    }
  while (1);
}

/* Returns true if statement S1 dominates statement S2.  Like
   stmt_dominates_stmt_p, but uses stmt UIDs to optimize.  */

static bool
reassoc_stmt_dominates_stmt_p (gimple s1, gimple s2)
{
  basic_block bb1 = gimple_bb (s1), bb2 = gimple_bb (s2);

  /* If bb1 is NULL, it should be a GIMPLE_NOP def stmt of an (D)
     SSA_NAME.  Assume it lives at the beginning of function and
     thus dominates everything.  */
  if (!bb1 || s1 == s2)
    return true;

  /* If bb2 is NULL, it doesn't dominate any stmt with a bb.  */
  if (!bb2)
    return false;

  if (bb1 == bb2)
    {
      /* PHIs in the same basic block are assumed to be
         executed all in parallel, if only one stmt is a PHI,
         it dominates the other stmt in the same basic block.  */
      if (gimple_code (s1) == GIMPLE_PHI)
        return true;

      if (gimple_code (s2) == GIMPLE_PHI)
        return false;

      gcc_assert (gimple_uid (s1) && gimple_uid (s2));

      if (gimple_uid (s1) < gimple_uid (s2))
        return true;

      if (gimple_uid (s1) > gimple_uid (s2))
        return false;

      gimple_stmt_iterator gsi = gsi_for_stmt (s1);
      unsigned int uid = gimple_uid (s1);
      for (gsi_next (&gsi); !gsi_end_p (gsi); gsi_next (&gsi))
        {
          gimple s = gsi_stmt (gsi);
          if (gimple_uid (s) != uid)
            break;
          if (s == s2)
            return true;
        }

      return false;
    }

  return dominated_by_p (CDI_DOMINATORS, bb2, bb1);
}

/* Insert STMT after INSERT_POINT.  */

static void
insert_stmt_after (gimple stmt, gimple insert_point)
{
  gimple_stmt_iterator gsi;
  basic_block bb;

  if (gimple_code (insert_point) == GIMPLE_PHI)
    bb = gimple_bb (insert_point);
  else if (!stmt_ends_bb_p (insert_point))
    {
      gsi = gsi_for_stmt (insert_point);
      gimple_set_uid (stmt, gimple_uid (insert_point));
      gsi_insert_after (&gsi, stmt, GSI_NEW_STMT);
      return;
    }
  else
    /* We assume INSERT_POINT is a SSA_NAME_DEF_STMT of some SSA_NAME,
       thus if it must end a basic block, it should be a call that can
       throw, or some assignment that can throw.  If it throws, the LHS
       of it will not be initialized though, so only valid places using
       the SSA_NAME should be dominated by the fallthru edge.  */
    bb = find_fallthru_edge (gimple_bb (insert_point)->succs)->dest;
  gsi = gsi_after_labels (bb);
  if (gsi_end_p (gsi))
    {
      gimple_stmt_iterator gsi2 = gsi_last_bb (bb);
      gimple_set_uid (stmt,
                      gsi_end_p (gsi2) ? 1 : gimple_uid (gsi_stmt (gsi2)));
    }
  else
    gimple_set_uid (stmt, gimple_uid (gsi_stmt (gsi)));
  gsi_insert_before (&gsi, stmt, GSI_SAME_STMT);
}

/* Builds one statement performing OP1 OPCODE OP2 using TMPVAR for
   the result.  Places the statement after the definition of either
   OP1 or OP2.  Returns the new statement.  */

static gimple
build_and_add_sum (tree type, tree op1, tree op2, enum tree_code opcode)
{
  gimple op1def = NULL, op2def = NULL;
  gimple_stmt_iterator gsi;
  tree op;
  gassign *sum;

  /* Create the addition statement.  */
  op = make_ssa_name (type);
  sum = gimple_build_assign (op, opcode, op1, op2);

  /* Find an insertion place and insert.  */
  if (TREE_CODE (op1) == SSA_NAME)
    op1def = SSA_NAME_DEF_STMT (op1);
  if (TREE_CODE (op2) == SSA_NAME)
    op2def = SSA_NAME_DEF_STMT (op2);
  if ((!op1def || gimple_nop_p (op1def))
      && (!op2def || gimple_nop_p (op2def)))
    {
      gsi = gsi_after_labels (single_succ (ENTRY_BLOCK_PTR_FOR_FN (cfun)));
      if (gsi_end_p (gsi))
        {
          gimple_stmt_iterator gsi2
            = gsi_last_bb (single_succ (ENTRY_BLOCK_PTR_FOR_FN (cfun)));
          gimple_set_uid (sum,
                          gsi_end_p (gsi2) ? 1 : gimple_uid (gsi_stmt (gsi2)));
        }
      else
        gimple_set_uid (sum, gimple_uid (gsi_stmt (gsi)));
      gsi_insert_before (&gsi, sum, GSI_NEW_STMT);
    }
  else
    {
      gimple insert_point;
      if ((!op1def || gimple_nop_p (op1def))
           || (op2def && !gimple_nop_p (op2def)
               && reassoc_stmt_dominates_stmt_p (op1def, op2def)))
        insert_point = op2def;
      else
        insert_point = op1def;
      insert_stmt_after (sum, insert_point);
    }
  update_stmt (sum);

  return sum;
}

/* Perform un-distribution of divisions and multiplications.
   A * X + B * X is transformed into (A + B) * X and A / X + B / X
   to (A + B) / X for real X.

   The algorithm is organized as follows.

    - First we walk the addition chain *OPS looking for summands that
      are defined by a multiplication or a real division.  This results
      in the candidates bitmap with relevant indices into *OPS.

    - Second we build the chains of multiplications or divisions for
      these candidates, counting the number of occurrences of (operand, code)
      pairs in all of the candidates chains.

    - Third we sort the (operand, code) pairs by number of occurrence and
      process them starting with the pair with the most uses.

      * For each such pair we walk the candidates again to build a
        second candidate bitmap noting all multiplication/division chains
        that have at least one occurrence of (operand, code).

      * We build an alternate addition chain only covering these
        candidates with one (operand, code) operation removed from their
        multiplication/division chain.

      * The first candidate gets replaced by the alternate addition chain
        multiplied/divided by the operand.

      * All candidate chains get disabled for further processing and
        processing of (operand, code) pairs continues.

  The alternate addition chains built are re-processed by the main
  reassociation algorithm which allows optimizing a * x * y + b * y * x
  to (a + b ) * x * y in one invocation of the reassociation pass.  */

static bool
undistribute_ops_list (enum tree_code opcode,
                       vec<operand_entry_t> *ops, struct loop *loop)
{
  unsigned int length = ops->length ();
  operand_entry_t oe1;
  unsigned i, j;
  sbitmap candidates, candidates2;
  unsigned nr_candidates, nr_candidates2;
  sbitmap_iterator sbi0;
  vec<operand_entry_t> *subops;
  bool changed = false;
  int next_oecount_id = 0;

  if (length <= 1
      || opcode != PLUS_EXPR)
    return false;

  /* Build a list of candidates to process.  */
  candidates = sbitmap_alloc (length);
  bitmap_clear (candidates);
  nr_candidates = 0;
  FOR_EACH_VEC_ELT (*ops, i, oe1)
    {
      enum tree_code dcode;
      gimple oe1def;

      if (TREE_CODE (oe1->op) != SSA_NAME)
        continue;
      oe1def = SSA_NAME_DEF_STMT (oe1->op);
      if (!is_gimple_assign (oe1def))
        continue;
      dcode = gimple_assign_rhs_code (oe1def);
      if ((dcode != MULT_EXPR
           && dcode != RDIV_EXPR)
          || !is_reassociable_op (oe1def, dcode, loop))
        continue;

      bitmap_set_bit (candidates, i);
      nr_candidates++;
    }

  if (nr_candidates < 2)
    {
      sbitmap_free (candidates);
      return false;
    }

  if (dump_file && (dump_flags & TDF_DETAILS))
    {
      fprintf (dump_file, "searching for un-distribute opportunities ");
      print_generic_expr (dump_file,
        (*ops)[bitmap_first_set_bit (candidates)]->op, 0);
      fprintf (dump_file, " %d\n", nr_candidates);
    }

  /* Build linearized sub-operand lists and the counting table.  */
  cvec.create (0);

  hash_table<oecount_hasher> ctable (15);

  /* ??? Macro arguments cannot have multi-argument template types in
     them.  This typedef is needed to workaround that limitation.  */
  typedef vec<operand_entry_t> vec_operand_entry_t_heap;
  subops = XCNEWVEC (vec_operand_entry_t_heap, ops->length ());
  EXECUTE_IF_SET_IN_BITMAP (candidates, 0, i, sbi0)
    {
      gimple oedef;
      enum tree_code oecode;
      unsigned j;

      oedef = SSA_NAME_DEF_STMT ((*ops)[i]->op);
      oecode = gimple_assign_rhs_code (oedef);
      linearize_expr_tree (&subops[i], oedef,
                           associative_tree_code (oecode), false);

      FOR_EACH_VEC_ELT (subops[i], j, oe1)
        {
          oecount c;
          int *slot;
          int idx;
          c.oecode = oecode;
          c.cnt = 1;
          c.id = next_oecount_id++;
          c.op = oe1->op;
          cvec.safe_push (c);
          idx = cvec.length () + 41;
          slot = ctable.find_slot (idx, INSERT);
          if (!*slot)
            {
              *slot = idx;
            }
          else
            {
              cvec.pop ();
              cvec[*slot - 42].cnt++;
            }
        }
    }

  /* Sort the counting table.  */
  cvec.qsort (oecount_cmp);

  if (dump_file && (dump_flags & TDF_DETAILS))
    {
      oecount *c;
      fprintf (dump_file, "Candidates:\n");
      FOR_EACH_VEC_ELT (cvec, j, c)
        {
          fprintf (dump_file, "  %u %s: ", c->cnt,
                   c->oecode == MULT_EXPR
                   ? "*" : c->oecode == RDIV_EXPR ? "/" : "?");
          print_generic_expr (dump_file, c->op, 0);
          fprintf (dump_file, "\n");
        }
    }

  /* Process the (operand, code) pairs in order of most occurrence.  */
  candidates2 = sbitmap_alloc (length);
  while (!cvec.is_empty ())
    {
      oecount *c = &cvec.last ();
      if (c->cnt < 2)
        break;

      /* Now collect the operands in the outer chain that contain
         the common operand in their inner chain.  */
      bitmap_clear (candidates2);
      nr_candidates2 = 0;
      EXECUTE_IF_SET_IN_BITMAP (candidates, 0, i, sbi0)
        {
          gimple oedef;
          enum tree_code oecode;
          unsigned j;
          tree op = (*ops)[i]->op;

          /* If we undistributed in this chain already this may be
             a constant.  */
          if (TREE_CODE (op) != SSA_NAME)
            continue;

          oedef = SSA_NAME_DEF_STMT (op);
          oecode = gimple_assign_rhs_code (oedef);
          if (oecode != c->oecode)
            continue;

          FOR_EACH_VEC_ELT (subops[i], j, oe1)
            {
              if (oe1->op == c->op)
                {
                  bitmap_set_bit (candidates2, i);
                  ++nr_candidates2;
                  break;
                }
            }
        }

      if (nr_candidates2 >= 2)
        {
          operand_entry_t oe1, oe2;
          gimple prod;
          int first = bitmap_first_set_bit (candidates2);

          /* Build the new addition chain.  */
          oe1 = (*ops)[first];
          if (dump_file && (dump_flags & TDF_DETAILS))
            {
              fprintf (dump_file, "Building (");
              print_generic_expr (dump_file, oe1->op, 0);
            }
          zero_one_operation (&oe1->op, c->oecode, c->op);
          EXECUTE_IF_SET_IN_BITMAP (candidates2, first+1, i, sbi0)
            {
              gimple sum;
              oe2 = (*ops)[i];
              if (dump_file && (dump_flags & TDF_DETAILS))
                {
                  fprintf (dump_file, " + ");
                  print_generic_expr (dump_file, oe2->op, 0);
                }
              zero_one_operation (&oe2->op, c->oecode, c->op);
              sum = build_and_add_sum (TREE_TYPE (oe1->op),
                                       oe1->op, oe2->op, opcode);
              oe2->op = build_zero_cst (TREE_TYPE (oe2->op));
              oe2->rank = 0;
              oe1->op = gimple_get_lhs (sum);
            }

          /* Apply the multiplication/division.  */
          prod = build_and_add_sum (TREE_TYPE (oe1->op),
                                    oe1->op, c->op, c->oecode);
          if (dump_file && (dump_flags & TDF_DETAILS))
            {
              fprintf (dump_file, ") %s ", c->oecode == MULT_EXPR ? "*" : "/");
              print_generic_expr (dump_file, c->op, 0);
              fprintf (dump_file, "\n");
            }

          /* Record it in the addition chain and disable further
             undistribution with this op.  */
          oe1->op = gimple_assign_lhs (prod);
          oe1->rank = get_rank (oe1->op);
          subops[first].release ();

          changed = true;
        }

      cvec.pop ();
    }

  for (i = 0; i < ops->length (); ++i)
    subops[i].release ();
  free (subops);
  cvec.release ();
  sbitmap_free (candidates);
  sbitmap_free (candidates2);

  return changed;
}

/* If OPCODE is BIT_IOR_EXPR or BIT_AND_EXPR and CURR is a comparison
   expression, examine the other OPS to see if any of them are comparisons
   of the same values, which we may be able to combine or eliminate.
   For example, we can rewrite (a < b) | (a == b) as (a <= b).  */

static bool
eliminate_redundant_comparison (enum tree_code opcode,
                                vec<operand_entry_t> *ops,
                                unsigned int currindex,
                                operand_entry_t curr)
{
  tree op1, op2;
  enum tree_code lcode, rcode;
  gimple def1, def2;
  int i;
  operand_entry_t oe;

  if (opcode != BIT_IOR_EXPR && opcode != BIT_AND_EXPR)
    return false;

  /* Check that CURR is a comparison.  */
  if (TREE_CODE (curr->op) != SSA_NAME)
    return false;
  def1 = SSA_NAME_DEF_STMT (curr->op);
  if (!is_gimple_assign (def1))
    return false;
  lcode = gimple_assign_rhs_code (def1);
  if (TREE_CODE_CLASS (lcode) != tcc_comparison)
    return false;
  op1 = gimple_assign_rhs1 (def1);
  op2 = gimple_assign_rhs2 (def1);

  /* Now look for a similar comparison in the remaining OPS.  */
  for (i = currindex + 1; ops->iterate (i, &oe); i++)
    {
      tree t;

      if (TREE_CODE (oe->op) != SSA_NAME)
        continue;
      def2 = SSA_NAME_DEF_STMT (oe->op);
      if (!is_gimple_assign (def2))
        continue;
      rcode = gimple_assign_rhs_code (def2);
      if (TREE_CODE_CLASS (rcode) != tcc_comparison)
        continue;

      /* If we got here, we have a match.  See if we can combine the
         two comparisons.  */
      if (opcode == BIT_IOR_EXPR)
        t = maybe_fold_or_comparisons (lcode, op1, op2,
                                       rcode, gimple_assign_rhs1 (def2),
                                       gimple_assign_rhs2 (def2));
      else
        t = maybe_fold_and_comparisons (lcode, op1, op2,
                                        rcode, gimple_assign_rhs1 (def2),
                                        gimple_assign_rhs2 (def2));
      if (!t)
        continue;

      /* maybe_fold_and_comparisons and maybe_fold_or_comparisons
         always give us a boolean_type_node value back.  If the original
         BIT_AND_EXPR or BIT_IOR_EXPR was of a wider integer type,
         we need to convert.  */
      if (!useless_type_conversion_p (TREE_TYPE (curr->op), TREE_TYPE (t)))
        t = fold_convert (TREE_TYPE (curr->op), t);

      if (TREE_CODE (t) != INTEGER_CST
          && !operand_equal_p (t, curr->op, 0))
        {
          enum tree_code subcode;
          tree newop1, newop2;
          if (!COMPARISON_CLASS_P (t))
            continue;
          extract_ops_from_tree (t, &subcode, &newop1, &newop2);
          STRIP_USELESS_TYPE_CONVERSION (newop1);
          STRIP_USELESS_TYPE_CONVERSION (newop2);
          if (!is_gimple_val (newop1) || !is_gimple_val (newop2))
            continue;
        }

      if (dump_file && (dump_flags & TDF_DETAILS))
        {
          fprintf (dump_file, "Equivalence: ");
          print_generic_expr (dump_file, curr->op, 0);
          fprintf (dump_file, " %s ", op_symbol_code (opcode));
          print_generic_expr (dump_file, oe->op, 0);
          fprintf (dump_file, " -> ");
          print_generic_expr (dump_file, t, 0);
          fprintf (dump_file, "\n");
        }

      /* Now we can delete oe, as it has been subsumed by the new combined
         expression t.  */
      ops->ordered_remove (i);
      reassociate_stats.ops_eliminated ++;

      /* If t is the same as curr->op, we're done.  Otherwise we must
         replace curr->op with t.  Special case is if we got a constant
         back, in which case we add it to the end instead of in place of
         the current entry.  */
      if (TREE_CODE (t) == INTEGER_CST)
        {
          ops->ordered_remove (currindex);
          add_to_ops_vec (ops, t);
        }
      else if (!operand_equal_p (t, curr->op, 0))
        {
          gimple sum;
          enum tree_code subcode;
          tree newop1;
          tree newop2;
          gcc_assert (COMPARISON_CLASS_P (t));
          extract_ops_from_tree (t, &subcode, &newop1, &newop2);
          STRIP_USELESS_TYPE_CONVERSION (newop1);
          STRIP_USELESS_TYPE_CONVERSION (newop2);
          gcc_checking_assert (is_gimple_val (newop1)
                               && is_gimple_val (newop2));
          sum = build_and_add_sum (TREE_TYPE (t), newop1, newop2, subcode);
          curr->op = gimple_get_lhs (sum);
        }
      return true;
    }

  return false;
}

/* Perform various identities and other optimizations on the list of
   operand entries, stored in OPS.  The tree code for the binary
   operation between all the operands is OPCODE.  */

static void
optimize_ops_list (enum tree_code opcode,
                   vec<operand_entry_t> *ops)
{
  unsigned int length = ops->length ();
  unsigned int i;
  operand_entry_t oe;
  operand_entry_t oelast = NULL;
  bool iterate = false;

  if (length == 1)
    return;

  oelast = ops->last ();

  /* If the last two are constants, pop the constants off, merge them
     and try the next two.  */
  if (oelast->rank == 0 && is_gimple_min_invariant (oelast->op))
    {
      operand_entry_t oelm1 = (*ops)[length - 2];

      if (oelm1->rank == 0
          && is_gimple_min_invariant (oelm1->op)
          && useless_type_conversion_p (TREE_TYPE (oelm1->op),
                                       TREE_TYPE (oelast->op)))
        {
          tree folded = fold_binary (opcode, TREE_TYPE (oelm1->op),
                                     oelm1->op, oelast->op);

          if (folded && is_gimple_min_invariant (folded))
            {
              if (dump_file && (dump_flags & TDF_DETAILS))
                fprintf (dump_file, "Merging constants\n");

              ops->pop ();
              ops->pop ();

              add_to_ops_vec (ops, folded);
              reassociate_stats.constants_eliminated++;

              optimize_ops_list (opcode, ops);
              return;
            }
        }
    }

  eliminate_using_constants (opcode, ops);
  oelast = NULL;

  for (i = 0; ops->iterate (i, &oe);)
    {
      bool done = false;

      if (eliminate_not_pairs (opcode, ops, i, oe))
        return;
      if (eliminate_duplicate_pair (opcode, ops, &done, i, oe, oelast)
          || (!done && eliminate_plus_minus_pair (opcode, ops, i, oe))
          || (!done && eliminate_redundant_comparison (opcode, ops, i, oe)))
        {
          if (done)
            return;
          iterate = true;
          oelast = NULL;
          continue;
        }
      oelast = oe;
      i++;
    }

  length = ops->length ();
  oelast = ops->last ();

  if (iterate)
    optimize_ops_list (opcode, ops);
}

/* The following functions are subroutines to optimize_range_tests and allow
   it to try to change a logical combination of comparisons into a range
   test.

   For example, both
        X == 2 || X == 5 || X == 3 || X == 4
   and
        X >= 2 && X <= 5
   are converted to
        (unsigned) (X - 2) <= 3

   For more information see comments above fold_test_range in fold-const.c,
   this implementation is for GIMPLE.  */

struct range_entry
{
  tree exp;
  tree low;
  tree high;
  bool in_p;
  bool strict_overflow_p;
  unsigned int idx, next;
};

/* This is similar to make_range in fold-const.c, but on top of
   GIMPLE instead of trees.  If EXP is non-NULL, it should be
   an SSA_NAME and STMT argument is ignored, otherwise STMT
   argument should be a GIMPLE_COND.  */

static void
init_range_entry (struct range_entry *r, tree exp, gimple stmt)
{
  int in_p;
  tree low, high;
  bool is_bool, strict_overflow_p;

  r->exp = NULL_TREE;
  r->in_p = false;
  r->strict_overflow_p = false;
  r->low = NULL_TREE;
  r->high = NULL_TREE;
  if (exp != NULL_TREE
      && (TREE_CODE (exp) != SSA_NAME || !INTEGRAL_TYPE_P (TREE_TYPE (exp))))
    return;

  /* Start with simply saying "EXP != 0" and then look at the code of EXP
     and see if we can refine the range.  Some of the cases below may not
     happen, but it doesn't seem worth worrying about this.  We "continue"
     the outer loop when we've changed something; otherwise we "break"
     the switch, which will "break" the while.  */
  low = exp ? build_int_cst (TREE_TYPE (exp), 0) : boolean_false_node;
  high = low;
  in_p = 0;
  strict_overflow_p = false;
  is_bool = false;
  if (exp == NULL_TREE)
    is_bool = true;
  else if (TYPE_PRECISION (TREE_TYPE (exp)) == 1)
    {
      if (TYPE_UNSIGNED (TREE_TYPE (exp)))
        is_bool = true;
      else
        return;
    }
  else if (TREE_CODE (TREE_TYPE (exp)) == BOOLEAN_TYPE)
    is_bool = true;

  while (1)
    {
      enum tree_code code;
      tree arg0, arg1, exp_type;
      tree nexp;
      location_t loc;

      if (exp != NULL_TREE)
        {
          if (TREE_CODE (exp) != SSA_NAME
              || SSA_NAME_OCCURS_IN_ABNORMAL_PHI (exp))
            break;

          stmt = SSA_NAME_DEF_STMT (exp);
          if (!is_gimple_assign (stmt))
            break;

          code = gimple_assign_rhs_code (stmt);
          arg0 = gimple_assign_rhs1 (stmt);
          arg1 = gimple_assign_rhs2 (stmt);
          exp_type = TREE_TYPE (exp);
        }
      else
        {
          code = gimple_cond_code (stmt);
          arg0 = gimple_cond_lhs (stmt);
          arg1 = gimple_cond_rhs (stmt);
          exp_type = boolean_type_node;
        }

      if (TREE_CODE (arg0) != SSA_NAME)
        break;
      loc = gimple_location (stmt);
      switch (code)
        {
        case BIT_NOT_EXPR:
          if (TREE_CODE (TREE_TYPE (exp)) == BOOLEAN_TYPE
              /* Ensure the range is either +[-,0], +[0,0],
                 -[-,0], -[0,0] or +[1,-], +[1,1], -[1,-] or
                 -[1,1].  If it is e.g. +[-,-] or -[-,-]
                 or similar expression of unconditional true or
                 false, it should not be negated.  */
              && ((high && integer_zerop (high))
                  || (low && integer_onep (low))))
            {
              in_p = !in_p;
              exp = arg0;
              continue;
            }
          break;
        case SSA_NAME:
          exp = arg0;
          continue;
        CASE_CONVERT:
          if (is_bool)
            goto do_default;
          if (TYPE_PRECISION (TREE_TYPE (arg0)) == 1)
            {
              if (TYPE_UNSIGNED (TREE_TYPE (arg0)))
                is_bool = true;
              else
                return;
            }
          else if (TREE_CODE (TREE_TYPE (arg0)) == BOOLEAN_TYPE)
            is_bool = true;
          goto do_default;
        case EQ_EXPR:
        case NE_EXPR:
        case LT_EXPR:
        case LE_EXPR:
        case GE_EXPR:
        case GT_EXPR:
          is_bool = true;
          /* FALLTHRU */
        default:
          if (!is_bool)
            return;
        do_default:
          nexp = make_range_step (loc, code, arg0, arg1, exp_type,
                                  &low, &high, &in_p,
                                  &strict_overflow_p);
          if (nexp != NULL_TREE)
            {
              exp = nexp;
              gcc_assert (TREE_CODE (exp) == SSA_NAME);
              continue;
            }
          break;
        }
      break;
    }
  if (is_bool)
    {
      r->exp = exp;
      r->in_p = in_p;
      r->low = low;
      r->high = high;
      r->strict_overflow_p = strict_overflow_p;
    }
}

/* Comparison function for qsort.  Sort entries
   without SSA_NAME exp first, then with SSA_NAMEs sorted
   by increasing SSA_NAME_VERSION, and for the same SSA_NAMEs
   by increasing ->low and if ->low is the same, by increasing
   ->high.  ->low == NULL_TREE means minimum, ->high == NULL_TREE
   maximum.  */

static int
range_entry_cmp (const void *a, const void *b)
{
  const struct range_entry *p = (const struct range_entry *) a;
  const struct range_entry *q = (const struct range_entry *) b;

  if (p->exp != NULL_TREE && TREE_CODE (p->exp) == SSA_NAME)
    {
      if (q->exp != NULL_TREE && TREE_CODE (q->exp) == SSA_NAME)
        {
          /* Group range_entries for the same SSA_NAME together.  */
          if (SSA_NAME_VERSION (p->exp) < SSA_NAME_VERSION (q->exp))
            return -1;
          else if (SSA_NAME_VERSION (p->exp) > SSA_NAME_VERSION (q->exp))
            return 1;
          /* If ->low is different, NULL low goes first, then by
             ascending low.  */
          if (p->low != NULL_TREE)
            {
              if (q->low != NULL_TREE)
                {
                  tree tem = fold_binary (LT_EXPR, boolean_type_node,
                                          p->low, q->low);
                  if (tem && integer_onep (tem))
                    return -1;
                  tem = fold_binary (GT_EXPR, boolean_type_node,
                                     p->low, q->low);
                  if (tem && integer_onep (tem))
                    return 1;
                }
              else
                return 1;
            }
          else if (q->low != NULL_TREE)
            return -1;
          /* If ->high is different, NULL high goes last, before that by
             ascending high.  */
          if (p->high != NULL_TREE)
            {
              if (q->high != NULL_TREE)
                {
                  tree tem = fold_binary (LT_EXPR, boolean_type_node,
                                          p->high, q->high);
                  if (tem && integer_onep (tem))
                    return -1;
                  tem = fold_binary (GT_EXPR, boolean_type_node,
                                     p->high, q->high);
                  if (tem && integer_onep (tem))
                    return 1;
                }
              else
                return -1;
            }
          else if (q->high != NULL_TREE)
            return 1;
          /* If both ranges are the same, sort below by ascending idx.  */
        }
      else
        return 1;
    }
  else if (q->exp != NULL_TREE && TREE_CODE (q->exp) == SSA_NAME)
    return -1;

  if (p->idx < q->idx)
    return -1;
  else
    {
      gcc_checking_assert (p->idx > q->idx);
      return 1;
    }
}

/* Helper routine of optimize_range_test.
   [EXP, IN_P, LOW, HIGH, STRICT_OVERFLOW_P] is a merged range for
   RANGE and OTHERRANGE through OTHERRANGE + COUNT - 1 ranges,
   OPCODE and OPS are arguments of optimize_range_tests.  If OTHERRANGE
   is NULL, OTHERRANGEP should not be and then OTHERRANGEP points to
   an array of COUNT pointers to other ranges.  Return
   true if the range merge has been successful.
   If OPCODE is ERROR_MARK, this is called from within
   maybe_optimize_range_tests and is performing inter-bb range optimization.
   In that case, whether an op is BIT_AND_EXPR or BIT_IOR_EXPR is found in
   oe->rank.  */

static bool
update_range_test (struct range_entry *range, struct range_entry *otherrange,
                   struct range_entry **otherrangep,
                   unsigned int count, enum tree_code opcode,
                   vec<operand_entry_t> *ops, tree exp, gimple_seq seq,
                   bool in_p, tree low, tree high, bool strict_overflow_p)
{
  operand_entry_t oe = (*ops)[range->idx];
  tree op = oe->op;
  gimple stmt = op ? SSA_NAME_DEF_STMT (op) :
    last_stmt (BASIC_BLOCK_FOR_FN (cfun, oe->id));
  location_t loc = gimple_location (stmt);
  tree optype = op ? TREE_TYPE (op) : boolean_type_node;
  tree tem = build_range_check (loc, optype, unshare_expr (exp),
                                in_p, low, high);
  enum warn_strict_overflow_code wc = WARN_STRICT_OVERFLOW_COMPARISON;
  gimple_stmt_iterator gsi;
  unsigned int i;

  if (tem == NULL_TREE)
    return false;

  if (strict_overflow_p && issue_strict_overflow_warning (wc))
    warning_at (loc, OPT_Wstrict_overflow,
                "assuming signed overflow does not occur "
                "when simplifying range test");

  if (dump_file && (dump_flags & TDF_DETAILS))
    {
      struct range_entry *r;
      fprintf (dump_file, "Optimizing range tests ");
      print_generic_expr (dump_file, range->exp, 0);
      fprintf (dump_file, " %c[", range->in_p ? '+' : '-');
      print_generic_expr (dump_file, range->low, 0);
      fprintf (dump_file, ", ");
      print_generic_expr (dump_file, range->high, 0);
      fprintf (dump_file, "]");
      for (i = 0; i < count; i++)
        {
          if (otherrange)
            r = otherrange + i;
          else
            r = otherrangep[i];
          fprintf (dump_file, " and %c[", r->in_p ? '+' : '-');
          print_generic_expr (dump_file, r->low, 0);
          fprintf (dump_file, ", ");
          print_generic_expr (dump_file, r->high, 0);
          fprintf (dump_file, "]");
        }
      fprintf (dump_file, "\n into ");
      print_generic_expr (dump_file, tem, 0);
      fprintf (dump_file, "\n");
    }

  if (opcode == BIT_IOR_EXPR
      || (opcode == ERROR_MARK && oe->rank == BIT_IOR_EXPR))
    tem = invert_truthvalue_loc (loc, tem);

  tem = fold_convert_loc (loc, optype, tem);
  gsi = gsi_for_stmt (stmt);
  unsigned int uid = gimple_uid (stmt);
  /* In rare cases range->exp can be equal to lhs of stmt.
     In that case we have to insert after the stmt rather then before
     it.  If stmt is a PHI, insert it at the start of the basic block.  */
  if (op != range->exp)
    {
      gsi_insert_seq_before (&gsi, seq, GSI_SAME_STMT);
      tem = force_gimple_operand_gsi (&gsi, tem, true, NULL_TREE, true,
                                      GSI_SAME_STMT);
      gsi_prev (&gsi);
    }
  else if (gimple_code (stmt) != GIMPLE_PHI)
    {
      gsi_insert_seq_after (&gsi, seq, GSI_CONTINUE_LINKING);
      tem = force_gimple_operand_gsi (&gsi, tem, true, NULL_TREE, false,
                                      GSI_CONTINUE_LINKING);
    }
  else
    {
      gsi = gsi_after_labels (gimple_bb (stmt));
      if (!gsi_end_p (gsi))
        uid = gimple_uid (gsi_stmt (gsi));
      else
        {
          gsi = gsi_start_bb (gimple_bb (stmt));
          uid = 1;
          while (!gsi_end_p (gsi))
            {
              uid = gimple_uid (gsi_stmt (gsi));
              gsi_next (&gsi);
            }
        }
      gsi_insert_seq_before (&gsi, seq, GSI_SAME_STMT);
      tem = force_gimple_operand_gsi (&gsi, tem, true, NULL_TREE, true,
                                      GSI_SAME_STMT);
      if (gsi_end_p (gsi))
        gsi = gsi_last_bb (gimple_bb (stmt));
      else
        gsi_prev (&gsi);
    }
  for (; !gsi_end_p (gsi); gsi_prev (&gsi))
    if (gimple_uid (gsi_stmt (gsi)))
      break;
    else
      gimple_set_uid (gsi_stmt (gsi), uid);

  oe->op = tem;
  range->exp = exp;
  range->low = low;
  range->high = high;
  range->in_p = in_p;
  range->strict_overflow_p = false;

  for (i = 0; i < count; i++)
    {
      if (otherrange)
        range = otherrange + i;
      else
        range = otherrangep[i];
      oe = (*ops)[range->idx];
      /* Now change all the other range test immediate uses, so that
         those tests will be optimized away.  */
      if (opcode == ERROR_MARK)
        {
          if (oe->op)
            oe->op = build_int_cst (TREE_TYPE (oe->op),
                                    oe->rank == BIT_IOR_EXPR ? 0 : 1);
          else
            oe->op = (oe->rank == BIT_IOR_EXPR
                      ? boolean_false_node : boolean_true_node);
        }
      else
        oe->op = error_mark_node;
      range->exp = NULL_TREE;
    }
  return true;
}

/* Optimize X == CST1 || X == CST2
   if popcount (CST1 ^ CST2) == 1 into
   (X & ~(CST1 ^ CST2)) == (CST1 & ~(CST1 ^ CST2)).
   Similarly for ranges.  E.g.
   X != 2 && X != 3 && X != 10 && X != 11
   will be transformed by the previous optimization into
   !((X - 2U) <= 1U || (X - 10U) <= 1U)
   and this loop can transform that into
   !(((X & ~8) - 2U) <= 1U).  */

static bool
optimize_range_tests_xor (enum tree_code opcode, tree type,
                          tree lowi, tree lowj, tree highi, tree highj,
                          vec<operand_entry_t> *ops,
                          struct range_entry *rangei,
                          struct range_entry *rangej)
{
  tree lowxor, highxor, tem, exp;
  /* Check lowi ^ lowj == highi ^ highj and
     popcount (lowi ^ lowj) == 1.  */
  lowxor = fold_binary (BIT_XOR_EXPR, type, lowi, lowj);
  if (lowxor == NULL_TREE || TREE_CODE (lowxor) != INTEGER_CST)
    return false;
  if (!integer_pow2p (lowxor))
    return false;
  highxor = fold_binary (BIT_XOR_EXPR, type, highi, highj);
  if (!tree_int_cst_equal (lowxor, highxor))
    return false;

  tem = fold_build1 (BIT_NOT_EXPR, type, lowxor);
  exp = fold_build2 (BIT_AND_EXPR, type, rangei->exp, tem);
  lowj = fold_build2 (BIT_AND_EXPR, type, lowi, tem);
  highj = fold_build2 (BIT_AND_EXPR, type, highi, tem);
  if (update_range_test (rangei, rangej, NULL, 1, opcode, ops, exp,
                         NULL, rangei->in_p, lowj, highj,
                         rangei->strict_overflow_p
                         || rangej->strict_overflow_p))
    return true;
  return false;
}

/* Optimize X == CST1 || X == CST2
   if popcount (CST2 - CST1) == 1 into
   ((X - CST1) & ~(CST2 - CST1)) == 0.
   Similarly for ranges.  E.g.
   X == 43 || X == 76 || X == 44 || X == 78 || X == 77 || X == 46
   || X == 75 || X == 45
   will be transformed by the previous optimization into
   (X - 43U) <= 3U || (X - 75U) <= 3U
   and this loop can transform that into
   ((X - 43U) & ~(75U - 43U)) <= 3U.  */
static bool
optimize_range_tests_diff (enum tree_code opcode, tree type,
                            tree lowi, tree lowj, tree highi, tree highj,
                            vec<operand_entry_t> *ops,
                            struct range_entry *rangei,
                            struct range_entry *rangej)
{
  tree tem1, tem2, mask;
  /* Check highi - lowi == highj - lowj.  */
  tem1 = fold_binary (MINUS_EXPR, type, highi, lowi);
  if (tem1 == NULL_TREE || TREE_CODE (tem1) != INTEGER_CST)
    return false;
  tem2 = fold_binary (MINUS_EXPR, type, highj, lowj);
  if (!tree_int_cst_equal (tem1, tem2))
    return false;
  /* Check popcount (lowj - lowi) == 1.  */
  tem1 = fold_binary (MINUS_EXPR, type, lowj, lowi);
  if (tem1 == NULL_TREE || TREE_CODE (tem1) != INTEGER_CST)
    return false;
  if (!integer_pow2p (tem1))
    return false;

  type = unsigned_type_for (type);
  tem1 = fold_convert (type, tem1);
  tem2 = fold_convert (type, tem2);
  lowi = fold_convert (type, lowi);
  mask = fold_build1 (BIT_NOT_EXPR, type, tem1);
  tem1 = fold_binary (MINUS_EXPR, type,
                      fold_convert (type, rangei->exp), lowi);
  tem1 = fold_build2 (BIT_AND_EXPR, type, tem1, mask);
  lowj = build_int_cst (type, 0);
  if (update_range_test (rangei, rangej, NULL, 1, opcode, ops, tem1,
                         NULL, rangei->in_p, lowj, tem2,
                         rangei->strict_overflow_p
                         || rangej->strict_overflow_p))
    return true;
  return false;
}

/* It does some common checks for function optimize_range_tests_xor and
   optimize_range_tests_diff.
   If OPTIMIZE_XOR is TRUE, it calls optimize_range_tests_xor.
   Else it calls optimize_range_tests_diff.  */

static bool
optimize_range_tests_1 (enum tree_code opcode, int first, int length,
                        bool optimize_xor, vec<operand_entry_t> *ops,
                        struct range_entry *ranges)
{
  int i, j;
  bool any_changes = false;
  for (i = first; i < length; i++)
    {
      tree lowi, highi, lowj, highj, type, tem;

      if (ranges[i].exp == NULL_TREE || ranges[i].in_p)
        continue;
      type = TREE_TYPE (ranges[i].exp);
      if (!INTEGRAL_TYPE_P (type))
        continue;
      lowi = ranges[i].low;
      if (lowi == NULL_TREE)
        lowi = TYPE_MIN_VALUE (type);
      highi = ranges[i].high;
      if (highi == NULL_TREE)
        continue;
      for (j = i + 1; j < length && j < i + 64; j++)
        {
          bool changes;
          if (ranges[i].exp != ranges[j].exp || ranges[j].in_p)
            continue;
          lowj = ranges[j].low;
          if (lowj == NULL_TREE)
            continue;
          highj = ranges[j].high;
          if (highj == NULL_TREE)
            highj = TYPE_MAX_VALUE (type);
          /* Check lowj > highi.  */
          tem = fold_binary (GT_EXPR, boolean_type_node,
                             lowj, highi);
          if (tem == NULL_TREE || !integer_onep (tem))
            continue;
          if (optimize_xor)
            changes = optimize_range_tests_xor (opcode, type, lowi, lowj,
                                                highi, highj, ops,
                                                ranges + i, ranges + j);
          else
            changes = optimize_range_tests_diff (opcode, type, lowi, lowj,
                                                 highi, highj, ops,
                                                 ranges + i, ranges + j);
          if (changes)
            {
              any_changes = true;
              break;
            }
        }
    }
  return any_changes;
}

/* Helper function of optimize_range_tests_to_bit_test.  Handle a single
   range, EXP, LOW, HIGH, compute bit mask of bits to test and return
   EXP on success, NULL otherwise.  */

static tree
extract_bit_test_mask (tree exp, int prec, tree totallow, tree low, tree high,
                       wide_int *mask, tree *totallowp)
{
  tree tem = int_const_binop (MINUS_EXPR, high, low);
  if (tem == NULL_TREE
      || TREE_CODE (tem) != INTEGER_CST
      || TREE_OVERFLOW (tem)
      || tree_int_cst_sgn (tem) == -1
      || compare_tree_int (tem, prec) != -1)
    return NULL_TREE;

  unsigned HOST_WIDE_INT max = tree_to_uhwi (tem) + 1;
  *mask = wi::shifted_mask (0, max, false, prec);
  if (TREE_CODE (exp) == BIT_AND_EXPR
      && TREE_CODE (TREE_OPERAND (exp, 1)) == INTEGER_CST)
    {
      widest_int msk = wi::to_widest (TREE_OPERAND (exp, 1));
      msk = wi::zext (~msk, TYPE_PRECISION (TREE_TYPE (exp)));
      if (wi::popcount (msk) == 1
          && wi::ltu_p (msk, prec - max))
        {
          *mask |= wi::shifted_mask (msk.to_uhwi (), max, false, prec);
          max += msk.to_uhwi ();
          exp = TREE_OPERAND (exp, 0);
          if (integer_zerop (low)
              && TREE_CODE (exp) == PLUS_EXPR
              && TREE_CODE (TREE_OPERAND (exp, 1)) == INTEGER_CST)
            {
              widest_int bias
                = wi::neg (wi::sext (wi::to_widest (TREE_OPERAND (exp, 1)),
                                     TYPE_PRECISION (TREE_TYPE (low))));
              tree tbias = wide_int_to_tree (TREE_TYPE (low), bias);
              if (totallowp)
                {
                  *totallowp = tbias;
                  exp = TREE_OPERAND (exp, 0);
                  STRIP_NOPS (exp);
                  return exp;
                }
              else if (!tree_int_cst_lt (totallow, tbias))
                return NULL_TREE;
              bias -= wi::to_widest (totallow);
              if (wi::ges_p (bias, 0) && wi::lts_p (bias, prec - max))
                {
                  *mask = wi::lshift (*mask, bias);
                  exp = TREE_OPERAND (exp, 0);
                  STRIP_NOPS (exp);
                  return exp;
                }
            }
        }
    }
  if (totallowp)
    return exp;
  if (!tree_int_cst_lt (totallow, low))
    return exp;
  tem = int_const_binop (MINUS_EXPR, low, totallow);
  if (tem == NULL_TREE
      || TREE_CODE (tem) != INTEGER_CST
      || TREE_OVERFLOW (tem)
      || compare_tree_int (tem, prec - max) == 1)
    return NULL_TREE;

  *mask = wi::lshift (*mask, wi::to_widest (tem));
  return exp;
}

/* Attempt to optimize small range tests using bit test.
   E.g.
   X != 43 && X != 76 && X != 44 && X != 78 && X != 49
   && X != 77 && X != 46 && X != 75 && X != 45 && X != 82
   has been by earlier optimizations optimized into:
   ((X - 43U) & ~32U) > 3U && X != 49 && X != 82
   As all the 43 through 82 range is less than 64 numbers,
   for 64-bit word targets optimize that into:
   (X - 43U) > 40U && ((1 << (X - 43U)) & 0x8F0000004FULL) == 0  */

static bool
optimize_range_tests_to_bit_test (enum tree_code opcode, int first, int length,
                                  vec<operand_entry_t> *ops,
                                  struct range_entry *ranges)
{
  int i, j;
  bool any_changes = false;
  int prec = GET_MODE_BITSIZE (word_mode);
  auto_vec<struct range_entry *, 64> candidates;

  for (i = first; i < length - 2; i++)
    {
      tree lowi, highi, lowj, highj, type;

      if (ranges[i].exp == NULL_TREE || ranges[i].in_p)
        continue;
      type = TREE_TYPE (ranges[i].exp);
      if (!INTEGRAL_TYPE_P (type))
        continue;
      lowi = ranges[i].low;
      if (lowi == NULL_TREE)
        lowi = TYPE_MIN_VALUE (type);
      highi = ranges[i].high;
      if (highi == NULL_TREE)
        continue;
      wide_int mask;
      tree exp = extract_bit_test_mask (ranges[i].exp, prec, lowi, lowi,
                                        highi, &mask, &lowi);
      if (exp == NULL_TREE)
        continue;
      bool strict_overflow_p = ranges[i].strict_overflow_p;
      candidates.truncate (0);
      int end = MIN (i + 64, length);
      for (j = i + 1; j < end; j++)
        {
          tree exp2;
          if (ranges[j].exp == NULL_TREE || ranges[j].in_p)
            continue;
          if (ranges[j].exp == exp)
            ;
          else if (TREE_CODE (ranges[j].exp) == BIT_AND_EXPR)
            {
              exp2 = TREE_OPERAND (ranges[j].exp, 0);
              if (exp2 == exp)
                ;
              else if (TREE_CODE (exp2) == PLUS_EXPR)
                {
                  exp2 = TREE_OPERAND (exp2, 0);
                  STRIP_NOPS (exp2);
                  if (exp2 != exp)
                    continue;
                }
              else
                continue;
            }
          else
            continue;
          lowj = ranges[j].low;
          if (lowj == NULL_TREE)
            continue;
          highj = ranges[j].high;
          if (highj == NULL_TREE)
            highj = TYPE_MAX_VALUE (type);
          wide_int mask2;
          exp2 = extract_bit_test_mask (ranges[j].exp, prec, lowi, lowj,
                                        highj, &mask2, NULL);
          if (exp2 != exp)
            continue;
          mask |= mask2;
          strict_overflow_p |= ranges[j].strict_overflow_p;
          candidates.safe_push (&ranges[j]);
        }

      /* If we need otherwise 3 or more comparisons, use a bit test.  */
      if (candidates.length () >= 2)
        {
          tree high = wide_int_to_tree (TREE_TYPE (lowi),
                                        wi::to_widest (lowi)
                                        + prec - 1 - wi::clz (mask));
          operand_entry_t oe = (*ops)[ranges[i].idx];
          tree op = oe->op;
          gimple stmt = op ? SSA_NAME_DEF_STMT (op)
                           : last_stmt (BASIC_BLOCK_FOR_FN (cfun, oe->id));
          location_t loc = gimple_location (stmt);
          tree optype = op ? TREE_TYPE (op) : boolean_type_node;

          /* See if it isn't cheaper to pretend the minimum value of the
             range is 0, if maximum value is small enough.
             We can avoid then subtraction of the minimum value, but the
             mask constant could be perhaps more expensive.  */
          if (compare_tree_int (lowi, 0) > 0
              && compare_tree_int (high, prec) < 0)
            {
              int cost_diff;
              HOST_WIDE_INT m = tree_to_uhwi (lowi);
              rtx reg = gen_raw_REG (word_mode, 10000);
              bool speed_p = optimize_bb_for_speed_p (gimple_bb (stmt));
              cost_diff = set_rtx_cost (gen_rtx_PLUS (word_mode, reg,
                                                      GEN_INT (-m)), speed_p);
              rtx r = immed_wide_int_const (mask, word_mode);
              cost_diff += set_src_cost (gen_rtx_AND (word_mode, reg, r),
                                         speed_p);
              r = immed_wide_int_const (wi::lshift (mask, m), word_mode);
              cost_diff -= set_src_cost (gen_rtx_AND (word_mode, reg, r),
                                         speed_p);
              if (cost_diff > 0)
                {
                  mask = wi::lshift (mask, m);
                  lowi = build_zero_cst (TREE_TYPE (lowi));
                }
            }

          tree tem = build_range_check (loc, optype, unshare_expr (exp),
                                        false, lowi, high);
          if (tem == NULL_TREE || is_gimple_val (tem))
            continue;
          tree etype = unsigned_type_for (TREE_TYPE (exp));
          exp = fold_build2_loc (loc, MINUS_EXPR, etype,
                                 fold_convert_loc (loc, etype, exp),
                                 fold_convert_loc (loc, etype, lowi));
          exp = fold_convert_loc (loc, integer_type_node, exp);
          tree word_type = lang_hooks.types.type_for_mode (word_mode, 1);
          exp = fold_build2_loc (loc, LSHIFT_EXPR, word_type,
                                 build_int_cst (word_type, 1), exp);
          exp = fold_build2_loc (loc, BIT_AND_EXPR, word_type, exp,
                                 wide_int_to_tree (word_type, mask));
          exp = fold_build2_loc (loc, EQ_EXPR, optype, exp,
                                 build_zero_cst (word_type));
          if (is_gimple_val (exp))
            continue;

          /* The shift might have undefined behavior if TEM is true,
             but reassociate_bb isn't prepared to have basic blocks
             split when it is running.  So, temporarily emit a code
             with BIT_IOR_EXPR instead of &&, and fix it up in
             branch_fixup.  */
          gimple_seq seq;
          tem = force_gimple_operand (tem, &seq, true, NULL_TREE);
          gcc_assert (TREE_CODE (tem) == SSA_NAME);
          gimple_set_visited (SSA_NAME_DEF_STMT (tem), true);
          gimple_seq seq2;
          exp = force_gimple_operand (exp, &seq2, true, NULL_TREE);
          gimple_seq_add_seq_without_update (&seq, seq2);
          gcc_assert (TREE_CODE (exp) == SSA_NAME);
          gimple_set_visited (SSA_NAME_DEF_STMT (exp), true);
          gimple g = gimple_build_assign (make_ssa_name (optype),
                                          BIT_IOR_EXPR, tem, exp);
          gimple_set_location (g, loc);
          gimple_seq_add_stmt_without_update (&seq, g);
          exp = gimple_assign_lhs (g);
          tree val = build_zero_cst (optype);
          if (update_range_test (&ranges[i], NULL, candidates.address (),
                                 candidates.length (), opcode, ops, exp,
                                 seq, false, val, val, strict_overflow_p))
            {
              any_changes = true;
              reassoc_branch_fixups.safe_push (tem);
            }
          else
            gimple_seq_discard (seq);
        }
    }
  return any_changes;
}

/* Optimize range tests, similarly how fold_range_test optimizes
   it on trees.  The tree code for the binary
   operation between all the operands is OPCODE.
   If OPCODE is ERROR_MARK, optimize_range_tests is called from within
   maybe_optimize_range_tests for inter-bb range optimization.
   In that case if oe->op is NULL, oe->id is bb->index whose
   GIMPLE_COND is && or ||ed into the test, and oe->rank says
   the actual opcode.  */

static bool
optimize_range_tests (enum tree_code opcode,
                      vec<operand_entry_t> *ops)
{
  unsigned int length = ops->length (), i, j, first;
  operand_entry_t oe;
  struct range_entry *ranges;
  bool any_changes = false;

  if (length == 1)
    return false;

  ranges = XNEWVEC (struct range_entry, length);
  for (i = 0; i < length; i++)
    {
      oe = (*ops)[i];
      ranges[i].idx = i;
      init_range_entry (ranges + i, oe->op,
                        oe->op ? NULL :
                          last_stmt (BASIC_BLOCK_FOR_FN (cfun, oe->id)));
      /* For | invert it now, we will invert it again before emitting
         the optimized expression.  */
      if (opcode == BIT_IOR_EXPR
          || (opcode == ERROR_MARK && oe->rank == BIT_IOR_EXPR))
        ranges[i].in_p = !ranges[i].in_p;
    }

  qsort (ranges, length, sizeof (*ranges), range_entry_cmp);
  for (i = 0; i < length; i++)
    if (ranges[i].exp != NULL_TREE && TREE_CODE (ranges[i].exp) == SSA_NAME)
      break;

  /* Try to merge ranges.  */
  for (first = i; i < length; i++)
    {
      tree low = ranges[i].low;
      tree high = ranges[i].high;
      int in_p = ranges[i].in_p;
      bool strict_overflow_p = ranges[i].strict_overflow_p;
      int update_fail_count = 0;

      for (j = i + 1; j < length; j++)
        {
          if (ranges[i].exp != ranges[j].exp)
            break;
          if (!merge_ranges (&in_p, &low, &high, in_p, low, high,
                             ranges[j].in_p, ranges[j].low, ranges[j].high))
            break;
          strict_overflow_p |= ranges[j].strict_overflow_p;
        }

      if (j == i + 1)
        continue;

      if (update_range_test (ranges + i, ranges + i + 1, NULL, j - i - 1,
                             opcode, ops, ranges[i].exp, NULL, in_p,
                             low, high, strict_overflow_p))
        {
          i = j - 1;
          any_changes = true;
        }
      /* Avoid quadratic complexity if all merge_ranges calls would succeed,
         while update_range_test would fail.  */
      else if (update_fail_count == 64)
        i = j - 1;
      else
        ++update_fail_count;
    }

  any_changes |= optimize_range_tests_1 (opcode, first, length, true,
                                         ops, ranges);

  if (BRANCH_COST (optimize_function_for_speed_p (cfun), false) >= 2)
    any_changes |= optimize_range_tests_1 (opcode, first, length, false,
                                           ops, ranges);
  if (lshift_cheap_p (optimize_function_for_speed_p (cfun)))
    any_changes |= optimize_range_tests_to_bit_test (opcode, first, length,
                                                     ops, ranges);

  if (any_changes && opcode != ERROR_MARK)
    {
      j = 0;
      FOR_EACH_VEC_ELT (*ops, i, oe)
        {
          if (oe->op == error_mark_node)
            continue;
          else if (i != j)
            (*ops)[j] = oe;
          j++;
        }
      ops->truncate (j);
    }

  XDELETEVEC (ranges);
  return any_changes;
}

/* Return true if STMT is a cast like:
   <bb N>:
   ...
   _123 = (int) _234;

   <bb M>:
   # _345 = PHI <_123(N), 1(...), 1(...)>
   where _234 has bool type, _123 has single use and
   bb N has a single successor M.  This is commonly used in
   the last block of a range test.  */

static bool
final_range_test_p (gimple stmt)
{
  basic_block bb, rhs_bb;
  edge e;
  tree lhs, rhs;
  use_operand_p use_p;
  gimple use_stmt;

  if (!gimple_assign_cast_p (stmt))
    return false;
  bb = gimple_bb (stmt);
  if (!single_succ_p (bb))
    return false;
  e = single_succ_edge (bb);
  if (e->flags & EDGE_COMPLEX)
    return false;

  lhs = gimple_assign_lhs (stmt);
  rhs = gimple_assign_rhs1 (stmt);
  if (!INTEGRAL_TYPE_P (TREE_TYPE (lhs))
      || TREE_CODE (rhs) != SSA_NAME
      || TREE_CODE (TREE_TYPE (rhs)) != BOOLEAN_TYPE)
    return false;

  /* Test whether lhs is consumed only by a PHI in the only successor bb.  */
  if (!single_imm_use (lhs, &use_p, &use_stmt))
    return false;

  if (gimple_code (use_stmt) != GIMPLE_PHI
      || gimple_bb (use_stmt) != e->dest)
    return false;

  /* And that the rhs is defined in the same loop.  */
  rhs_bb = gimple_bb (SSA_NAME_DEF_STMT (rhs));
  if (rhs_bb == NULL
      || !flow_bb_inside_loop_p (loop_containing_stmt (stmt), rhs_bb))
    return false;

  return true;
}

/* Return true if BB is suitable basic block for inter-bb range test
   optimization.  If BACKWARD is true, BB should be the only predecessor
   of TEST_BB, and *OTHER_BB is either NULL and filled by the routine,
   or compared with to find a common basic block to which all conditions
   branch to if true resp. false.  If BACKWARD is false, TEST_BB should
   be the only predecessor of BB.  */

static bool
suitable_cond_bb (basic_block bb, basic_block test_bb, basic_block *other_bb,
                  bool backward)
{
  edge_iterator ei, ei2;
  edge e, e2;
  gimple stmt;
  gphi_iterator gsi;
  bool other_edge_seen = false;
  bool is_cond;

  if (test_bb == bb)
    return false;
  /* Check last stmt first.  */
  stmt = last_stmt (bb);
  if (stmt == NULL
      || (gimple_code (stmt) != GIMPLE_COND
          && (backward || !final_range_test_p (stmt)))
      || gimple_visited_p (stmt)
      || stmt_could_throw_p (stmt)
      || *other_bb == bb)
    return false;
  is_cond = gimple_code (stmt) == GIMPLE_COND;
  if (is_cond)
    {
      /* If last stmt is GIMPLE_COND, verify that one of the succ edges
         goes to the next bb (if BACKWARD, it is TEST_BB), and the other
         to *OTHER_BB (if not set yet, try to find it out).  */
      if (EDGE_COUNT (bb->succs) != 2)
        return false;
      FOR_EACH_EDGE (e, ei, bb->succs)
        {
          if (!(e->flags & (EDGE_TRUE_VALUE | EDGE_FALSE_VALUE)))
            return false;
          if (e->dest == test_bb)
            {
              if (backward)
                continue;
              else
                return false;
            }
          if (e->dest == bb)
            return false;
          if (*other_bb == NULL)
            {
              FOR_EACH_EDGE (e2, ei2, test_bb->succs)
                if (!(e2->flags & (EDGE_TRUE_VALUE | EDGE_FALSE_VALUE)))
                  return false;
                else if (e->dest == e2->dest)
                  *other_bb = e->dest;
              if (*other_bb == NULL)
                return false;
            }
          if (e->dest == *other_bb)
            other_edge_seen = true;
          else if (backward)
            return false;
        }
      if (*other_bb == NULL || !other_edge_seen)
        return false;
    }
  else if (single_succ (bb) != *other_bb)
    return false;

  /* Now check all PHIs of *OTHER_BB.  */
  e = find_edge (bb, *other_bb);
  e2 = find_edge (test_bb, *other_bb);
  for (gsi = gsi_start_phis (e->dest); !gsi_end_p (gsi); gsi_next (&gsi))
    {
      gphi *phi = gsi.phi ();
      /* If both BB and TEST_BB end with GIMPLE_COND, all PHI arguments
         corresponding to BB and TEST_BB predecessor must be the same.  */
      if (!operand_equal_p (gimple_phi_arg_def (phi, e->dest_idx),
                            gimple_phi_arg_def (phi, e2->dest_idx), 0))
        {
          /* Otherwise, if one of the blocks doesn't end with GIMPLE_COND,
             one of the PHIs should have the lhs of the last stmt in
             that block as PHI arg and that PHI should have 0 or 1
             corresponding to it in all other range test basic blocks
             considered.  */
          if (!is_cond)
            {
              if (gimple_phi_arg_def (phi, e->dest_idx)
                  == gimple_assign_lhs (stmt)
                  && (integer_zerop (gimple_phi_arg_def (phi, e2->dest_idx))
                      || integer_onep (gimple_phi_arg_def (phi,
                                                           e2->dest_idx))))
                continue;
            }
          else
            {
              gimple test_last = last_stmt (test_bb);
              if (gimple_code (test_last) != GIMPLE_COND
                  && gimple_phi_arg_def (phi, e2->dest_idx)
                     == gimple_assign_lhs (test_last)
                  && (integer_zerop (gimple_phi_arg_def (phi, e->dest_idx))
                      || integer_onep (gimple_phi_arg_def (phi, e->dest_idx))))
                continue;
            }

          return false;
        }
    }
  return true;
}

/* Return true if BB doesn't have side-effects that would disallow
   range test optimization, all SSA_NAMEs set in the bb are consumed
   in the bb and there are no PHIs.  */

static bool
no_side_effect_bb (basic_block bb)
{
  gimple_stmt_iterator gsi;
  gimple last;

  if (!gimple_seq_empty_p (phi_nodes (bb)))
    return false;
  last = last_stmt (bb);
  for (gsi = gsi_start_bb (bb); !gsi_end_p (gsi); gsi_next (&gsi))
    {
      gimple stmt = gsi_stmt (gsi);
      tree lhs;
      imm_use_iterator imm_iter;
      use_operand_p use_p;

      if (is_gimple_debug (stmt))
        continue;
      if (gimple_has_side_effects (stmt))
        return false;
      if (stmt == last)
        return true;
      if (!is_gimple_assign (stmt))
        return false;
      lhs = gimple_assign_lhs (stmt);
      if (TREE_CODE (lhs) != SSA_NAME)
        return false;
      if (gimple_assign_rhs_could_trap_p (stmt))
        return false;
      FOR_EACH_IMM_USE_FAST (use_p, imm_iter, lhs)
        {
          gimple use_stmt = USE_STMT (use_p);
          if (is_gimple_debug (use_stmt))
            continue;
          if (gimple_bb (use_stmt) != bb)
            return false;
        }
    }
  return false;
}

/* If VAR is set by CODE (BIT_{AND,IOR}_EXPR) which is reassociable,
   return true and fill in *OPS recursively.  */

static bool
get_ops (tree var, enum tree_code code, vec<operand_entry_t> *ops,
         struct loop *loop)
{
  gimple stmt = SSA_NAME_DEF_STMT (var);
  tree rhs[2];
  int i;

  if (!is_reassociable_op (stmt, code, loop))
    return false;

  rhs[0] = gimple_assign_rhs1 (stmt);
  rhs[1] = gimple_assign_rhs2 (stmt);
  gimple_set_visited (stmt, true);
  for (i = 0; i < 2; i++)
    if (TREE_CODE (rhs[i]) == SSA_NAME
        && !get_ops (rhs[i], code, ops, loop)
        && has_single_use (rhs[i]))
      {
        operand_entry_t oe = (operand_entry_t) pool_alloc (operand_entry_pool);

        oe->op = rhs[i];
        oe->rank = code;
        oe->id = 0;
        oe->count = 1;
        ops->safe_push (oe);
      }
  return true;
}

/* Find the ops that were added by get_ops starting from VAR, see if
   they were changed during update_range_test and if yes, create new
   stmts.  */

static tree
update_ops (tree var, enum tree_code code, vec<operand_entry_t> ops,
            unsigned int *pidx, struct loop *loop)
{
  gimple stmt = SSA_NAME_DEF_STMT (var);
  tree rhs[4];
  int i;

  if (!is_reassociable_op (stmt, code, loop))
    return NULL;

  rhs[0] = gimple_assign_rhs1 (stmt);
  rhs[1] = gimple_assign_rhs2 (stmt);
  rhs[2] = rhs[0];
  rhs[3] = rhs[1];
  for (i = 0; i < 2; i++)
    if (TREE_CODE (rhs[i]) == SSA_NAME)
      {
        rhs[2 + i] = update_ops (rhs[i], code, ops, pidx, loop);
        if (rhs[2 + i] == NULL_TREE)
          {
            if (has_single_use (rhs[i]))
              rhs[2 + i] = ops[(*pidx)++]->op;
            else
              rhs[2 + i] = rhs[i];
          }
      }
  if ((rhs[2] != rhs[0] || rhs[3] != rhs[1])
      && (rhs[2] != rhs[1] || rhs[3] != rhs[0]))
    {
      gimple_stmt_iterator gsi = gsi_for_stmt (stmt);
      var = make_ssa_name (TREE_TYPE (var));
      gassign *g = gimple_build_assign (var, gimple_assign_rhs_code (stmt),
                                        rhs[2], rhs[3]);
      gimple_set_uid (g, gimple_uid (stmt));
      gimple_set_visited (g, true);
      gsi_insert_before (&gsi, g, GSI_SAME_STMT);
    }
  return var;
}

/* Structure to track the initial value passed to get_ops and
   the range in the ops vector for each basic block.  */

struct inter_bb_range_test_entry
{
  tree op;
  unsigned int first_idx, last_idx;
};

/* Inter-bb range test optimization.  */

static void
maybe_optimize_range_tests (gimple stmt)
{
  basic_block first_bb = gimple_bb (stmt);
  basic_block last_bb = first_bb;
  basic_block other_bb = NULL;
  basic_block bb;
  edge_iterator ei;
  edge e;
  auto_vec<operand_entry_t> ops;
  auto_vec<inter_bb_range_test_entry> bbinfo;
  bool any_changes = false;

  /* Consider only basic blocks that end with GIMPLE_COND or
     a cast statement satisfying final_range_test_p.  All
     but the last bb in the first_bb .. last_bb range
     should end with GIMPLE_COND.  */
  if (gimple_code (stmt) == GIMPLE_COND)
    {
      if (EDGE_COUNT (first_bb->succs) != 2)
        return;
    }
  else if (final_range_test_p (stmt))
    other_bb = single_succ (first_bb);
  else
    return;

  if (stmt_could_throw_p (stmt))
    return;

  /* As relative ordering of post-dominator sons isn't fixed,
     maybe_optimize_range_tests can be called first on any
     bb in the range we want to optimize.  So, start searching
     backwards, if first_bb can be set to a predecessor.  */
  while (single_pred_p (first_bb))
    {
      basic_block pred_bb = single_pred (first_bb);
      if (!suitable_cond_bb (pred_bb, first_bb, &other_bb, true))
        break;
      if (!no_side_effect_bb (first_bb))
        break;
      first_bb = pred_bb;
    }
  /* If first_bb is last_bb, other_bb hasn't been computed yet.
     Before starting forward search in last_bb successors, find
     out the other_bb.  */
  if (first_bb == last_bb)
    {
      other_bb = NULL;
      /* As non-GIMPLE_COND last stmt always terminates the range,
         if forward search didn't discover anything, just give up.  */
      if (gimple_code (stmt) != GIMPLE_COND)
        return;
      /* Look at both successors.  Either it ends with a GIMPLE_COND
         and satisfies suitable_cond_bb, or ends with a cast and
         other_bb is that cast's successor.  */
      FOR_EACH_EDGE (e, ei, first_bb->succs)
        if (!(e->flags & (EDGE_TRUE_VALUE | EDGE_FALSE_VALUE))
            || e->dest == first_bb)
          return;
        else if (single_pred_p (e->dest))
          {
            stmt = last_stmt (e->dest);
            if (stmt
                && gimple_code (stmt) == GIMPLE_COND
                && EDGE_COUNT (e->dest->succs) == 2)
              {
                if (suitable_cond_bb (first_bb, e->dest, &other_bb, true))
                  break;
                else
                  other_bb = NULL;
              }
            else if (stmt
                     && final_range_test_p (stmt)
                     && find_edge (first_bb, single_succ (e->dest)))
              {
                other_bb = single_succ (e->dest);
                if (other_bb == first_bb)
                  other_bb = NULL;
              }
          }
      if (other_bb == NULL)
        return;
    }
  /* Now do the forward search, moving last_bb to successor bbs
     that aren't other_bb.  */
  while (EDGE_COUNT (last_bb->succs) == 2)
    {
      FOR_EACH_EDGE (e, ei, last_bb->succs)
        if (e->dest != other_bb)
          break;
      if (e == NULL)
        break;
      if (!single_pred_p (e->dest))
        break;
      if (!suitable_cond_bb (e->dest, last_bb, &other_bb, false))
        break;
      if (!no_side_effect_bb (e->dest))
        break;
      last_bb = e->dest;
    }
  if (first_bb == last_bb)
    return;
  /* Here basic blocks first_bb through last_bb's predecessor
     end with GIMPLE_COND, all of them have one of the edges to
     other_bb and another to another block in the range,
     all blocks except first_bb don't have side-effects and
     last_bb ends with either GIMPLE_COND, or cast satisfying
     final_range_test_p.  */
  for (bb = last_bb; ; bb = single_pred (bb))
    {
      enum tree_code code;
      tree lhs, rhs;
      inter_bb_range_test_entry bb_ent;

      bb_ent.op = NULL_TREE;
      bb_ent.first_idx = ops.length ();
      bb_ent.last_idx = bb_ent.first_idx;
      e = find_edge (bb, other_bb);
      stmt = last_stmt (bb);
      gimple_set_visited (stmt, true);
      if (gimple_code (stmt) != GIMPLE_COND)
        {
          use_operand_p use_p;
          gimple phi;
          edge e2;
          unsigned int d;

          lhs = gimple_assign_lhs (stmt);
          rhs = gimple_assign_rhs1 (stmt);
          gcc_assert (bb == last_bb);

          /* stmt is
             _123 = (int) _234;

             followed by:
             <bb M>:
             # _345 = PHI <_123(N), 1(...), 1(...)>

             or 0 instead of 1.  If it is 0, the _234
             range test is anded together with all the
             other range tests, if it is 1, it is ored with
             them.  */
          single_imm_use (lhs, &use_p, &phi);
          gcc_assert (gimple_code (phi) == GIMPLE_PHI);
          e2 = find_edge (first_bb, other_bb);
          d = e2->dest_idx;
          gcc_assert (gimple_phi_arg_def (phi, e->dest_idx) == lhs);
          if (integer_zerop (gimple_phi_arg_def (phi, d)))
            code = BIT_AND_EXPR;
          else
            {
              gcc_checking_assert (integer_onep (gimple_phi_arg_def (phi, d)));
              code = BIT_IOR_EXPR;
            }

          /* If _234 SSA_NAME_DEF_STMT is
             _234 = _567 | _789;
             (or &, corresponding to 1/0 in the phi arguments,
             push into ops the individual range test arguments
             of the bitwise or resp. and, recursively.  */
          if (!get_ops (rhs, code, &ops,
                        loop_containing_stmt (stmt))
              && has_single_use (rhs))
            {
              /* Otherwise, push the _234 range test itself.  */
              operand_entry_t oe
                = (operand_entry_t) pool_alloc (operand_entry_pool);

              oe->op = rhs;
              oe->rank = code;
              oe->id = 0;
              oe->count = 1;
              ops.safe_push (oe);
              bb_ent.last_idx++;
            }
          else
            bb_ent.last_idx = ops.length ();
          bb_ent.op = rhs;
          bbinfo.safe_push (bb_ent);
          continue;
        }
      /* Otherwise stmt is GIMPLE_COND.  */
      code = gimple_cond_code (stmt);
      lhs = gimple_cond_lhs (stmt);
      rhs = gimple_cond_rhs (stmt);
      if (TREE_CODE (lhs) == SSA_NAME
          && INTEGRAL_TYPE_P (TREE_TYPE (lhs))
          && ((code != EQ_EXPR && code != NE_EXPR)
              || rhs != boolean_false_node
                 /* Either push into ops the individual bitwise
                    or resp. and operands, depending on which
                    edge is other_bb.  */
              || !get_ops (lhs, (((e->flags & EDGE_TRUE_VALUE) == 0)
                                 ^ (code == EQ_EXPR))
                                ? BIT_AND_EXPR : BIT_IOR_EXPR, &ops,
                           loop_containing_stmt (stmt))))
        {
          /* Or push the GIMPLE_COND stmt itself.  */
          operand_entry_t oe
            = (operand_entry_t) pool_alloc (operand_entry_pool);

          oe->op = NULL;
          oe->rank = (e->flags & EDGE_TRUE_VALUE)
                     ? BIT_IOR_EXPR : BIT_AND_EXPR;
          /* oe->op = NULL signs that there is no SSA_NAME
             for the range test, and oe->id instead is the
             basic block number, at which's end the GIMPLE_COND
             is.  */
          oe->id = bb->index;
          oe->count = 1;
          ops.safe_push (oe);
          bb_ent.op = NULL;
          bb_ent.last_idx++;
        }
      else if (ops.length () > bb_ent.first_idx)
        {
          bb_ent.op = lhs;
          bb_ent.last_idx = ops.length ();
        }
      bbinfo.safe_push (bb_ent);
      if (bb == first_bb)
        break;
    }
  if (ops.length () > 1)
    any_changes = optimize_range_tests (ERROR_MARK, &ops);
  if (any_changes)
    {
      unsigned int idx;
      /* update_ops relies on has_single_use predicates returning the
         same values as it did during get_ops earlier.  Additionally it
         never removes statements, only adds new ones and it should walk
         from the single imm use and check the predicate already before
         making those changes.
         On the other side, the handling of GIMPLE_COND directly can turn
         previously multiply used SSA_NAMEs into single use SSA_NAMEs, so
         it needs to be done in a separate loop afterwards.  */
      for (bb = last_bb, idx = 0; ; bb = single_pred (bb), idx++)
        {
          if (bbinfo[idx].first_idx < bbinfo[idx].last_idx
              && bbinfo[idx].op != NULL_TREE)
            {
              tree new_op;

              stmt = last_stmt (bb);
              new_op = update_ops (bbinfo[idx].op,
                                   (enum tree_code)
                                   ops[bbinfo[idx].first_idx]->rank,
                                   ops, &bbinfo[idx].first_idx,
                                   loop_containing_stmt (stmt));
              if (new_op == NULL_TREE)
                {
                  gcc_assert (bb == last_bb);
                  new_op = ops[bbinfo[idx].first_idx++]->op;
                }
              if (bbinfo[idx].op != new_op)
                {
                  imm_use_iterator iter;
                  use_operand_p use_p;
                  gimple use_stmt, cast_stmt = NULL;

                  FOR_EACH_IMM_USE_STMT (use_stmt, iter, bbinfo[idx].op)
                    if (is_gimple_debug (use_stmt))
                      continue;
                    else if (gimple_code (use_stmt) == GIMPLE_COND
                             || gimple_code (use_stmt) == GIMPLE_PHI)
                      FOR_EACH_IMM_USE_ON_STMT (use_p, iter)
                        SET_USE (use_p, new_op);
                    else if (gimple_assign_cast_p (use_stmt))
                      cast_stmt = use_stmt;
                    else
                      gcc_unreachable ();
                  if (cast_stmt)
                    {
                      gcc_assert (bb == last_bb);
                      tree lhs = gimple_assign_lhs (cast_stmt);
                      tree new_lhs = make_ssa_name (TREE_TYPE (lhs));
                      enum tree_code rhs_code
                        = gimple_assign_rhs_code (cast_stmt);
                      gassign *g;
                      if (is_gimple_min_invariant (new_op))
                        {
                          new_op = fold_convert (TREE_TYPE (lhs), new_op);
                          g = gimple_build_assign (new_lhs, new_op);
                        }
                      else
                        g = gimple_build_assign (new_lhs, rhs_code, new_op);
                      gimple_stmt_iterator gsi = gsi_for_stmt (cast_stmt);
                      gimple_set_uid (g, gimple_uid (cast_stmt));
                      gimple_set_visited (g, true);
                      gsi_insert_before (&gsi, g, GSI_SAME_STMT);
                      FOR_EACH_IMM_USE_STMT (use_stmt, iter, lhs)
                        if (is_gimple_debug (use_stmt))
                          continue;
                        else if (gimple_code (use_stmt) == GIMPLE_COND
                                 || gimple_code (use_stmt) == GIMPLE_PHI)
                          FOR_EACH_IMM_USE_ON_STMT (use_p, iter)
                            SET_USE (use_p, new_lhs);
                        else
                          gcc_unreachable ();
                    }
                }
            }
          if (bb == first_bb)
            break;
        }
      for (bb = last_bb, idx = 0; ; bb = single_pred (bb), idx++)
        {
          if (bbinfo[idx].first_idx < bbinfo[idx].last_idx
              && bbinfo[idx].op == NULL_TREE
              && ops[bbinfo[idx].first_idx]->op != NULL_TREE)
            {
              gcond *cond_stmt = as_a <gcond *> (last_stmt (bb));
              if (integer_zerop (ops[bbinfo[idx].first_idx]->op))
                gimple_cond_make_false (cond_stmt);
              else if (integer_onep (ops[bbinfo[idx].first_idx]->op))
                gimple_cond_make_true (cond_stmt);
              else
                {
                  gimple_cond_set_code (cond_stmt, NE_EXPR);
                  gimple_cond_set_lhs (cond_stmt,
                                       ops[bbinfo[idx].first_idx]->op);
                  gimple_cond_set_rhs (cond_stmt, boolean_false_node);
                }
              update_stmt (cond_stmt);
            }
          if (bb == first_bb)
            break;
        }
    }
}

/* Return true if OPERAND is defined by a PHI node which uses the LHS
   of STMT in it's operands.  This is also known as a "destructive
   update" operation.  */

static bool
is_phi_for_stmt (gimple stmt, tree operand)
{
  gimple def_stmt;
  gphi *def_phi;
  tree lhs;
  use_operand_p arg_p;
  ssa_op_iter i;

  if (TREE_CODE (operand) != SSA_NAME)
    return false;

  lhs = gimple_assign_lhs (stmt);

  def_stmt = SSA_NAME_DEF_STMT (operand);
  def_phi = dyn_cast <gphi *> (def_stmt);
  if (!def_phi)
    return false;

  FOR_EACH_PHI_ARG (arg_p, def_phi, i, SSA_OP_USE)
    if (lhs == USE_FROM_PTR (arg_p))
      return true;
  return false;
}

/* Remove def stmt of VAR if VAR has zero uses and recurse
   on rhs1 operand if so.  */

static void
remove_visited_stmt_chain (tree var)
{
  gimple stmt;
  gimple_stmt_iterator gsi;

  while (1)
    {
      if (TREE_CODE (var) != SSA_NAME || !has_zero_uses (var))
        return;
      stmt = SSA_NAME_DEF_STMT (var);
      if (is_gimple_assign (stmt) && gimple_visited_p (stmt))
        {
          var = gimple_assign_rhs1 (stmt);
          gsi = gsi_for_stmt (stmt);
          reassoc_remove_stmt (&gsi);
          release_defs (stmt);
        }
      else
        return;
    }
}

/* This function checks three consequtive operands in
   passed operands vector OPS starting from OPINDEX and
   swaps two operands if it is profitable for binary operation
   consuming OPINDEX + 1 abnd OPINDEX + 2 operands.

   We pair ops with the same rank if possible.

   The alternative we try is to see if STMT is a destructive
   update style statement, which is like:
   b = phi (a, ...)
   a = c + b;
   In that case, we want to use the destructive update form to
   expose the possible vectorizer sum reduction opportunity.
   In that case, the third operand will be the phi node. This
   check is not performed if STMT is null.

   We could, of course, try to be better as noted above, and do a
   lot of work to try to find these opportunities in >3 operand
   cases, but it is unlikely to be worth it.  */

static void
swap_ops_for_binary_stmt (vec<operand_entry_t> ops,
                          unsigned int opindex, gimple stmt)
{
  operand_entry_t oe1, oe2, oe3;

  oe1 = ops[opindex];
  oe2 = ops[opindex + 1];
  oe3 = ops[opindex + 2];

  if ((oe1->rank == oe2->rank
       && oe2->rank != oe3->rank)
      || (stmt && is_phi_for_stmt (stmt, oe3->op)
          && !is_phi_for_stmt (stmt, oe1->op)
          && !is_phi_for_stmt (stmt, oe2->op)))
    {
      struct operand_entry temp = *oe3;
      oe3->op = oe1->op;
      oe3->rank = oe1->rank;
      oe1->op = temp.op;
      oe1->rank= temp.rank;
    }
  else if ((oe1->rank == oe3->rank
            && oe2->rank != oe3->rank)
           || (stmt && is_phi_for_stmt (stmt, oe2->op)
               && !is_phi_for_stmt (stmt, oe1->op)
               && !is_phi_for_stmt (stmt, oe3->op)))
    {
      struct operand_entry temp = *oe2;
      oe2->op = oe1->op;
      oe2->rank = oe1->rank;
      oe1->op = temp.op;
      oe1->rank = temp.rank;
    }
}

/* If definition of RHS1 or RHS2 dominates STMT, return the later of those
   two definitions, otherwise return STMT.  */

static inline gimple
find_insert_point (gimple stmt, tree rhs1, tree rhs2)
{
  if (TREE_CODE (rhs1) == SSA_NAME
      && reassoc_stmt_dominates_stmt_p (stmt, SSA_NAME_DEF_STMT (rhs1)))
    stmt = SSA_NAME_DEF_STMT (rhs1);
  if (TREE_CODE (rhs2) == SSA_NAME
      && reassoc_stmt_dominates_stmt_p (stmt, SSA_NAME_DEF_STMT (rhs2)))
    stmt = SSA_NAME_DEF_STMT (rhs2);
  return stmt;
}

/* Recursively rewrite our linearized statements so that the operators
   match those in OPS[OPINDEX], putting the computation in rank
   order.  Return new lhs.  */

static tree
rewrite_expr_tree (gimple stmt, unsigned int opindex,
                   vec<operand_entry_t> ops, bool changed)
{
  tree rhs1 = gimple_assign_rhs1 (stmt);
  tree rhs2 = gimple_assign_rhs2 (stmt);
  tree lhs = gimple_assign_lhs (stmt);
  operand_entry_t oe;

  /* The final recursion case for this function is that you have
     exactly two operations left.
     If we had one exactly one op in the entire list to start with, we
     would have never called this function, and the tail recursion
     rewrites them one at a time.  */
  if (opindex + 2 == ops.length ())
    {
      operand_entry_t oe1, oe2;

      oe1 = ops[opindex];
      oe2 = ops[opindex + 1];

      if (rhs1 != oe1->op || rhs2 != oe2->op)
        {
          gimple_stmt_iterator gsi = gsi_for_stmt (stmt);
          unsigned int uid = gimple_uid (stmt);

          if (dump_file && (dump_flags & TDF_DETAILS))
            {
              fprintf (dump_file, "Transforming ");
              print_gimple_stmt (dump_file, stmt, 0, 0);
            }

          if (changed)
            {
              gimple insert_point = find_insert_point (stmt, oe1->op, oe2->op);
              lhs = make_ssa_name (TREE_TYPE (lhs));
              stmt
                = gimple_build_assign (lhs, gimple_assign_rhs_code (stmt),
                                       oe1->op, oe2->op);
              gimple_set_uid (stmt, uid);
              gimple_set_visited (stmt, true);
              if (insert_point == gsi_stmt (gsi))
                gsi_insert_before (&gsi, stmt, GSI_SAME_STMT);
              else
                insert_stmt_after (stmt, insert_point);
            }
          else
            {
              gcc_checking_assert (find_insert_point (stmt, oe1->op, oe2->op)
                                   == stmt);
              gimple_assign_set_rhs1 (stmt, oe1->op);
              gimple_assign_set_rhs2 (stmt, oe2->op);
              update_stmt (stmt);
            }

          if (rhs1 != oe1->op && rhs1 != oe2->op)
            remove_visited_stmt_chain (rhs1);

          if (dump_file && (dump_flags & TDF_DETAILS))
            {
              fprintf (dump_file, " into ");
              print_gimple_stmt (dump_file, stmt, 0, 0);
            }
        }
      return lhs;
    }

  /* If we hit here, we should have 3 or more ops left.  */
  gcc_assert (opindex + 2 < ops.length ());

  /* Rewrite the next operator.  */
  oe = ops[opindex];

  /* Recurse on the LHS of the binary operator, which is guaranteed to
     be the non-leaf side.  */
  tree new_rhs1
    = rewrite_expr_tree (SSA_NAME_DEF_STMT (rhs1), opindex + 1, ops,
                         changed || oe->op != rhs2);

  if (oe->op != rhs2 || new_rhs1 != rhs1)
    {
      if (dump_file && (dump_flags & TDF_DETAILS))
        {
          fprintf (dump_file, "Transforming ");
          print_gimple_stmt (dump_file, stmt, 0, 0);
        }

      /* If changed is false, this is either opindex == 0
         or all outer rhs2's were equal to corresponding oe->op,
         and powi_result is NULL.
         That means lhs is equivalent before and after reassociation.
         Otherwise ensure the old lhs SSA_NAME is not reused and
         create a new stmt as well, so that any debug stmts will be
         properly adjusted.  */
      if (changed)
        {
          gimple_stmt_iterator gsi = gsi_for_stmt (stmt);
          unsigned int uid = gimple_uid (stmt);
          gimple insert_point = find_insert_point (stmt, new_rhs1, oe->op);

          lhs = make_ssa_name (TREE_TYPE (lhs));
          stmt = gimple_build_assign (lhs, gimple_assign_rhs_code (stmt),
                                      new_rhs1, oe->op);
          gimple_set_uid (stmt, uid);
          gimple_set_visited (stmt, true);
          if (insert_point == gsi_stmt (gsi))
            gsi_insert_before (&gsi, stmt, GSI_SAME_STMT);
          else
            insert_stmt_after (stmt, insert_point);
        }
      else
        {
          gcc_checking_assert (find_insert_point (stmt, new_rhs1, oe->op)
                               == stmt);
          gimple_assign_set_rhs1 (stmt, new_rhs1);
          gimple_assign_set_rhs2 (stmt, oe->op);
          update_stmt (stmt);
        }

      if (dump_file && (dump_flags & TDF_DETAILS))
        {
          fprintf (dump_file, " into ");
          print_gimple_stmt (dump_file, stmt, 0, 0);
        }
    }
  return lhs;
}

/* Find out how many cycles we need to compute statements chain.
   OPS_NUM holds number os statements in a chain.  CPU_WIDTH is a
   maximum number of independent statements we may execute per cycle.  */

static int
get_required_cycles (int ops_num, int cpu_width)
{
  int res;
  int elog;
  unsigned int rest;

  /* While we have more than 2 * cpu_width operands
     we may reduce number of operands by cpu_width
     per cycle.  */
  res = ops_num / (2 * cpu_width);

  /* Remained operands count may be reduced twice per cycle
     until we have only one operand.  */
  rest = (unsigned)(ops_num - res * cpu_width);
  elog = exact_log2 (rest);
  if (elog >= 0)
    res += elog;
  else
    res += floor_log2 (rest) + 1;

  return res;
}

/* Returns an optimal number of registers to use for computation of
   given statements.  */

static int
get_reassociation_width (int ops_num, enum tree_code opc,
                         machine_mode mode)
{
  int param_width = PARAM_VALUE (PARAM_TREE_REASSOC_WIDTH);
  int width;
  int width_min;
  int cycles_best;

  if (param_width > 0)
    width = param_width;
  else
    width = targetm.sched.reassociation_width (opc, mode);

  if (width == 1)
    return width;

  /* Get the minimal time required for sequence computation.  */
  cycles_best = get_required_cycles (ops_num, width);

  /* Check if we may use less width and still compute sequence for
     the same time.  It will allow us to reduce registers usage.
     get_required_cycles is monotonically increasing with lower width
     so we can perform a binary search for the minimal width that still
     results in the optimal cycle count.  */
  width_min = 1;
  while (width > width_min)
    {
      int width_mid = (width + width_min) / 2;

      if (get_required_cycles (ops_num, width_mid) == cycles_best)
        width = width_mid;
      else if (width_min < width_mid)
        width_min = width_mid;
      else
        break;
    }

  return width;
}

/* Recursively rewrite our linearized statements so that the operators
   match those in OPS[OPINDEX], putting the computation in rank
   order and trying to allow operations to be executed in
   parallel.  */

static void
rewrite_expr_tree_parallel (gassign *stmt, int width,
                            vec<operand_entry_t> ops)
{
  enum tree_code opcode = gimple_assign_rhs_code (stmt);
  int op_num = ops.length ();
  int stmt_num = op_num - 1;
  gimple *stmts = XALLOCAVEC (gimple, stmt_num);
  int op_index = op_num - 1;
  int stmt_index = 0;
  int ready_stmts_end = 0;
  int i = 0;
  tree last_rhs1 = gimple_assign_rhs1 (stmt);

  /* We start expression rewriting from the top statements.
     So, in this loop we create a full list of statements
     we will work with.  */
  stmts[stmt_num - 1] = stmt;
  for (i = stmt_num - 2; i >= 0; i--)
    stmts[i] = SSA_NAME_DEF_STMT (gimple_assign_rhs1 (stmts[i+1]));

  for (i = 0; i < stmt_num; i++)
    {
      tree op1, op2;

      /* Determine whether we should use results of
         already handled statements or not.  */
      if (ready_stmts_end == 0
          && (i - stmt_index >= width || op_index < 1))
        ready_stmts_end = i;

      /* Now we choose operands for the next statement.  Non zero
         value in ready_stmts_end means here that we should use
         the result of already generated statements as new operand.  */
      if (ready_stmts_end > 0)
        {
          op1 = gimple_assign_lhs (stmts[stmt_index++]);
          if (ready_stmts_end > stmt_index)
            op2 = gimple_assign_lhs (stmts[stmt_index++]);
          else if (op_index >= 0)
            op2 = ops[op_index--]->op;
          else
            {
              gcc_assert (stmt_index < i);
              op2 = gimple_assign_lhs (stmts[stmt_index++]);
            }

          if (stmt_index >= ready_stmts_end)
            ready_stmts_end = 0;
        }
      else
        {
          if (op_index > 1)
            swap_ops_for_binary_stmt (ops, op_index - 2, NULL);
          op2 = ops[op_index--]->op;
          op1 = ops[op_index--]->op;
        }

      /* If we emit the last statement then we should put
         operands into the last statement.  It will also
         break the loop.  */
      if (op_index < 0 && stmt_index == i)
        i = stmt_num - 1;

      if (dump_file && (dump_flags & TDF_DETAILS))
        {
          fprintf (dump_file, "Transforming ");
          print_gimple_stmt (dump_file, stmts[i], 0, 0);
        }

      /* We keep original statement only for the last one.  All
         others are recreated.  */
      if (i == stmt_num - 1)
        {
          gimple_assign_set_rhs1 (stmts[i], op1);
          gimple_assign_set_rhs2 (stmts[i], op2);
          update_stmt (stmts[i]);
        }
      else
        stmts[i] = build_and_add_sum (TREE_TYPE (last_rhs1), op1, op2, opcode);

      if (dump_file && (dump_flags & TDF_DETAILS))
        {
          fprintf (dump_file, " into ");
          print_gimple_stmt (dump_file, stmts[i], 0, 0);
        }
    }

  remove_visited_stmt_chain (last_rhs1);
}

/* Transform STMT, which is really (A +B) + (C + D) into the left
   linear form, ((A+B)+C)+D.
   Recurse on D if necessary.  */

static void
linearize_expr (gimple stmt)
{
  gimple_stmt_iterator gsi;
  gimple binlhs = SSA_NAME_DEF_STMT (gimple_assign_rhs1 (stmt));
  gimple binrhs = SSA_NAME_DEF_STMT (gimple_assign_rhs2 (stmt));
  gimple oldbinrhs = binrhs;
  enum tree_code rhscode = gimple_assign_rhs_code (stmt);
  gimple newbinrhs = NULL;
  struct loop *loop = loop_containing_stmt (stmt);
  tree lhs = gimple_assign_lhs (stmt);

  gcc_assert (is_reassociable_op (binlhs, rhscode, loop)
              && is_reassociable_op (binrhs, rhscode, loop));

  gsi = gsi_for_stmt (stmt);

  gimple_assign_set_rhs2 (stmt, gimple_assign_rhs1 (binrhs));
  binrhs = gimple_build_assign (make_ssa_name (TREE_TYPE (lhs)),
                                gimple_assign_rhs_code (binrhs),
                                gimple_assign_lhs (binlhs),
                                gimple_assign_rhs2 (binrhs));
  gimple_assign_set_rhs1 (stmt, gimple_assign_lhs (binrhs));
  gsi_insert_before (&gsi, binrhs, GSI_SAME_STMT);
  gimple_set_uid (binrhs, gimple_uid (stmt));

  if (TREE_CODE (gimple_assign_rhs2 (stmt)) == SSA_NAME)
    newbinrhs = SSA_NAME_DEF_STMT (gimple_assign_rhs2 (stmt));

  if (dump_file && (dump_flags & TDF_DETAILS))
    {
      fprintf (dump_file, "Linearized: ");
      print_gimple_stmt (dump_file, stmt, 0, 0);
    }

  reassociate_stats.linearized++;
  update_stmt (stmt);

  gsi = gsi_for_stmt (oldbinrhs);
  reassoc_remove_stmt (&gsi);
  release_defs (oldbinrhs);

  gimple_set_visited (stmt, true);
  gimple_set_visited (binlhs, true);
  gimple_set_visited (binrhs, true);

  /* Tail recurse on the new rhs if it still needs reassociation.  */
  if (newbinrhs && is_reassociable_op (newbinrhs, rhscode, loop))
    /* ??? This should probably be linearize_expr (newbinrhs) but I don't
           want to change the algorithm while converting to tuples.  */
    linearize_expr (stmt);
}

/* If LHS has a single immediate use that is a GIMPLE_ASSIGN statement, return
   it.  Otherwise, return NULL.  */

static gimple
get_single_immediate_use (tree lhs)
{
  use_operand_p immuse;
  gimple immusestmt;

  if (TREE_CODE (lhs) == SSA_NAME
      && single_imm_use (lhs, &immuse, &immusestmt)
      && is_gimple_assign (immusestmt))
    return immusestmt;

  return NULL;
}

/* Recursively negate the value of TONEGATE, and return the SSA_NAME
   representing the negated value.  Insertions of any necessary
   instructions go before GSI.
   This function is recursive in that, if you hand it "a_5" as the
   value to negate, and a_5 is defined by "a_5 = b_3 + b_4", it will
   transform b_3 + b_4 into a_5 = -b_3 + -b_4.  */

static tree
negate_value (tree tonegate, gimple_stmt_iterator *gsip)
{
  gimple negatedefstmt = NULL;
  tree resultofnegate;
  gimple_stmt_iterator gsi;
  unsigned int uid;

  /* If we are trying to negate a name, defined by an add, negate the
     add operands instead.  */
  if (TREE_CODE (tonegate) == SSA_NAME)
    negatedefstmt = SSA_NAME_DEF_STMT (tonegate);
  if (TREE_CODE (tonegate) == SSA_NAME
      && is_gimple_assign (negatedefstmt)
      && TREE_CODE (gimple_assign_lhs (negatedefstmt)) == SSA_NAME
      && has_single_use (gimple_assign_lhs (negatedefstmt))
      && gimple_assign_rhs_code (negatedefstmt) == PLUS_EXPR)
    {
      tree rhs1 = gimple_assign_rhs1 (negatedefstmt);
      tree rhs2 = gimple_assign_rhs2 (negatedefstmt);
      tree lhs = gimple_assign_lhs (negatedefstmt);
      gimple g;

      gsi = gsi_for_stmt (negatedefstmt);
      rhs1 = negate_value (rhs1, &gsi);

      gsi = gsi_for_stmt (negatedefstmt);
      rhs2 = negate_value (rhs2, &gsi);

      gsi = gsi_for_stmt (negatedefstmt);
      lhs = make_ssa_name (TREE_TYPE (lhs));
      gimple_set_visited (negatedefstmt, true);
      g = gimple_build_assign (lhs, PLUS_EXPR, rhs1, rhs2);
      gimple_set_uid (g, gimple_uid (negatedefstmt));
      gsi_insert_before (&gsi, g, GSI_SAME_STMT);
      return lhs;
    }

  tonegate = fold_build1 (NEGATE_EXPR, TREE_TYPE (tonegate), tonegate);
  resultofnegate = force_gimple_operand_gsi (gsip, tonegate, true,
                                             NULL_TREE, true, GSI_SAME_STMT);
  gsi = *gsip;
  uid = gimple_uid (gsi_stmt (gsi));
  for (gsi_prev (&gsi); !gsi_end_p (gsi); gsi_prev (&gsi))
    {
      gimple stmt = gsi_stmt (gsi);
      if (gimple_uid (stmt) != 0)
        break;
      gimple_set_uid (stmt, uid);
    }
  return resultofnegate;
}

/* Return true if we should break up the subtract in STMT into an add
   with negate.  This is true when we the subtract operands are really
   adds, or the subtract itself is used in an add expression.  In
   either case, breaking up the subtract into an add with negate
   exposes the adds to reassociation.  */

static bool
should_break_up_subtract (gimple stmt)
{
  tree lhs = gimple_assign_lhs (stmt);
  tree binlhs = gimple_assign_rhs1 (stmt);
  tree binrhs = gimple_assign_rhs2 (stmt);
  gimple immusestmt;
  struct loop *loop = loop_containing_stmt (stmt);

  if (TREE_CODE (binlhs) == SSA_NAME
      && is_reassociable_op (SSA_NAME_DEF_STMT (binlhs), PLUS_EXPR, loop))
    return true;

  if (TREE_CODE (binrhs) == SSA_NAME
      && is_reassociable_op (SSA_NAME_DEF_STMT (binrhs), PLUS_EXPR, loop))
    return true;

  if (TREE_CODE (lhs) == SSA_NAME
      && (immusestmt = get_single_immediate_use (lhs))
      && is_gimple_assign (immusestmt)
      && (gimple_assign_rhs_code (immusestmt) == PLUS_EXPR
          ||  gimple_assign_rhs_code (immusestmt) == MULT_EXPR))
    return true;
  return false;
}

/* Transform STMT from A - B into A + -B.  */

static void
break_up_subtract (gimple stmt, gimple_stmt_iterator *gsip)
{
  tree rhs1 = gimple_assign_rhs1 (stmt);
  tree rhs2 = gimple_assign_rhs2 (stmt);

  if (dump_file && (dump_flags & TDF_DETAILS))
    {
      fprintf (dump_file, "Breaking up subtract ");
      print_gimple_stmt (dump_file, stmt, 0, 0);
    }

  rhs2 = negate_value (rhs2, gsip);
  gimple_assign_set_rhs_with_ops (gsip, PLUS_EXPR, rhs1, rhs2);
  update_stmt (stmt);
}

/* Determine whether STMT is a builtin call that raises an SSA name
   to an integer power and has only one use.  If so, and this is early
   reassociation and unsafe math optimizations are permitted, place
   the SSA name in *BASE and the exponent in *EXPONENT, and return TRUE.
   If any of these conditions does not hold, return FALSE.  */

static bool
acceptable_pow_call (gimple stmt, tree *base, HOST_WIDE_INT *exponent)
{
  tree fndecl, arg1;
  REAL_VALUE_TYPE c, cint;

  if (!first_pass_instance
      || !flag_unsafe_math_optimizations
      || !is_gimple_call (stmt)
      || !has_single_use (gimple_call_lhs (stmt)))
    return false;

  fndecl = gimple_call_fndecl (stmt);

  if (!fndecl
      || DECL_BUILT_IN_CLASS (fndecl) != BUILT_IN_NORMAL)
    return false;

  switch (DECL_FUNCTION_CODE (fndecl))
    {
    CASE_FLT_FN (BUILT_IN_POW):
      if (flag_errno_math)
        return false;

      *base = gimple_call_arg (stmt, 0);
      arg1 = gimple_call_arg (stmt, 1);

      if (TREE_CODE (arg1) != REAL_CST)
        return false;

      c = TREE_REAL_CST (arg1);

      if (REAL_EXP (&c) > HOST_BITS_PER_WIDE_INT)
        return false;

      *exponent = real_to_integer (&c);
      real_from_integer (&cint, VOIDmode, *exponent, SIGNED);
      if (!real_identical (&c, &cint))
        return false;

      break;

    CASE_FLT_FN (BUILT_IN_POWI):
      *base = gimple_call_arg (stmt, 0);
      arg1 = gimple_call_arg (stmt, 1);

      if (!tree_fits_shwi_p (arg1))
        return false;

      *exponent = tree_to_shwi (arg1);
      break;

    default:
      return false;
    }

  /* Expanding negative exponents is generally unproductive, so we don't
     complicate matters with those.  Exponents of zero and one should
     have been handled by expression folding.  */
  if (*exponent < 2 || TREE_CODE (*base) != SSA_NAME)
    return false;

  return true;
}

/* Recursively linearize a binary expression that is the RHS of STMT.
   Place the operands of the expression tree in the vector named OPS.  */

static void
linearize_expr_tree (vec<operand_entry_t> *ops, gimple stmt,
                     bool is_associative, bool set_visited)
{
  tree binlhs = gimple_assign_rhs1 (stmt);
  tree binrhs = gimple_assign_rhs2 (stmt);
  gimple binlhsdef = NULL, binrhsdef = NULL;
  bool binlhsisreassoc = false;
  bool binrhsisreassoc = false;
  enum tree_code rhscode = gimple_assign_rhs_code (stmt);
  struct loop *loop = loop_containing_stmt (stmt);
  tree base = NULL_TREE;
  HOST_WIDE_INT exponent = 0;

  if (set_visited)
    gimple_set_visited (stmt, true);

  if (TREE_CODE (binlhs) == SSA_NAME)
    {
      binlhsdef = SSA_NAME_DEF_STMT (binlhs);
      binlhsisreassoc = (is_reassociable_op (binlhsdef, rhscode, loop)
                         && !stmt_could_throw_p (binlhsdef));
    }

  if (TREE_CODE (binrhs) == SSA_NAME)
    {
      binrhsdef = SSA_NAME_DEF_STMT (binrhs);
      binrhsisreassoc = (is_reassociable_op (binrhsdef, rhscode, loop)
                         && !stmt_could_throw_p (binrhsdef));
    }

  /* If the LHS is not reassociable, but the RHS is, we need to swap
     them.  If neither is reassociable, there is nothing we can do, so
     just put them in the ops vector.  If the LHS is reassociable,
     linearize it.  If both are reassociable, then linearize the RHS
     and the LHS.  */

  if (!binlhsisreassoc)
    {
      tree temp;

      /* If this is not a associative operation like division, give up.  */
      if (!is_associative)
        {
          add_to_ops_vec (ops, binrhs);
          return;
        }

      if (!binrhsisreassoc)
        {
          if (rhscode == MULT_EXPR
              && TREE_CODE (binrhs) == SSA_NAME
              && acceptable_pow_call (binrhsdef, &base, &exponent))
            {
              add_repeat_to_ops_vec (ops, base, exponent);
              gimple_set_visited (binrhsdef, true);
            }
          else
            add_to_ops_vec (ops, binrhs);

          if (rhscode == MULT_EXPR
              && TREE_CODE (binlhs) == SSA_NAME
              && acceptable_pow_call (binlhsdef, &base, &exponent))
            {
              add_repeat_to_ops_vec (ops, base, exponent);
              gimple_set_visited (binlhsdef, true);
            }
          else
            add_to_ops_vec (ops, binlhs);

          return;
        }

      if (dump_file && (dump_flags & TDF_DETAILS))
        {
          fprintf (dump_file, "swapping operands of ");
          print_gimple_stmt (dump_file, stmt, 0, 0);
        }

      swap_ssa_operands (stmt,
                         gimple_assign_rhs1_ptr (stmt),
                         gimple_assign_rhs2_ptr (stmt));
      update_stmt (stmt);

      if (dump_file && (dump_flags & TDF_DETAILS))
        {
          fprintf (dump_file, " is now ");
          print_gimple_stmt (dump_file, stmt, 0, 0);
        }

      /* We want to make it so the lhs is always the reassociative op,
         so swap.  */
      temp = binlhs;
      binlhs = binrhs;
      binrhs = temp;
    }
  else if (binrhsisreassoc)
    {
      linearize_expr (stmt);
      binlhs = gimple_assign_rhs1 (stmt);
      binrhs = gimple_assign_rhs2 (stmt);
    }

  gcc_assert (TREE_CODE (binrhs) != SSA_NAME
              || !is_reassociable_op (SSA_NAME_DEF_STMT (binrhs),
                                      rhscode, loop));
  linearize_expr_tree (ops, SSA_NAME_DEF_STMT (binlhs),
                       is_associative, set_visited);

  if (rhscode == MULT_EXPR
      && TREE_CODE (binrhs) == SSA_NAME
      && acceptable_pow_call (SSA_NAME_DEF_STMT (binrhs), &base, &exponent))
    {
      add_repeat_to_ops_vec (ops, base, exponent);
      gimple_set_visited (SSA_NAME_DEF_STMT (binrhs), true);
    }
  else
    add_to_ops_vec (ops, binrhs);
}

/* Repropagate the negates back into subtracts, since no other pass
   currently does it.  */

static void
repropagate_negates (void)
{
  unsigned int i = 0;
  tree negate;

  FOR_EACH_VEC_ELT (plus_negates, i, negate)
    {
      gimple user = get_single_immediate_use (negate);

      if (!user || !is_gimple_assign (user))
        continue;

      /* The negate operand can be either operand of a PLUS_EXPR
         (it can be the LHS if the RHS is a constant for example).

         Force the negate operand to the RHS of the PLUS_EXPR, then
         transform the PLUS_EXPR into a MINUS_EXPR.  */
      if (gimple_assign_rhs_code (user) == PLUS_EXPR)
        {
          /* If the negated operand appears on the LHS of the
             PLUS_EXPR, exchange the operands of the PLUS_EXPR
             to force the negated operand to the RHS of the PLUS_EXPR.  */
          if (gimple_assign_rhs1 (user) == negate)
            {
              swap_ssa_operands (user,
                                 gimple_assign_rhs1_ptr (user),
                                 gimple_assign_rhs2_ptr (user));
            }

          /* Now transform the PLUS_EXPR into a MINUS_EXPR and replace
             the RHS of the PLUS_EXPR with the operand of the NEGATE_EXPR.  */
          if (gimple_assign_rhs2 (user) == negate)
            {
              tree rhs1 = gimple_assign_rhs1 (user);
              tree rhs2 = get_unary_op (negate, NEGATE_EXPR);
              gimple_stmt_iterator gsi = gsi_for_stmt (user);
              gimple_assign_set_rhs_with_ops (&gsi, MINUS_EXPR, rhs1, rhs2);
              update_stmt (user);
            }
        }
      else if (gimple_assign_rhs_code (user) == MINUS_EXPR)
        {
          if (gimple_assign_rhs1 (user) == negate)
            {
              /* We have
                   x = -a
                   y = x - b
                 which we transform into
                   x = a + b
                   y = -x .
                 This pushes down the negate which we possibly can merge
                 into some other operation, hence insert it into the
                 plus_negates vector.  */
              gimple feed = SSA_NAME_DEF_STMT (negate);
              tree a = gimple_assign_rhs1 (feed);
              tree b = gimple_assign_rhs2 (user);
              gimple_stmt_iterator gsi = gsi_for_stmt (feed);
              gimple_stmt_iterator gsi2 = gsi_for_stmt (user);
              tree x = make_ssa_name (TREE_TYPE (gimple_assign_lhs (feed)));
              gimple g = gimple_build_assign (x, PLUS_EXPR, a, b);
              gsi_insert_before (&gsi2, g, GSI_SAME_STMT);
              gimple_assign_set_rhs_with_ops (&gsi2, NEGATE_EXPR, x);
              user = gsi_stmt (gsi2);
              update_stmt (user);
              reassoc_remove_stmt (&gsi);
              release_defs (feed);
              plus_negates.safe_push (gimple_assign_lhs (user));
            }
          else
            {
              /* Transform "x = -a; y = b - x" into "y = b + a", getting
                 rid of one operation.  */
              gimple feed = SSA_NAME_DEF_STMT (negate);
              tree a = gimple_assign_rhs1 (feed);
              tree rhs1 = gimple_assign_rhs1 (user);
              gimple_stmt_iterator gsi = gsi_for_stmt (user);
              gimple_assign_set_rhs_with_ops (&gsi, PLUS_EXPR, rhs1, a);
              update_stmt (gsi_stmt (gsi));
            }
        }
    }
}

/* Returns true if OP is of a type for which we can do reassociation.
   That is for integral or non-saturating fixed-point types, and for
   floating point type when associative-math is enabled.  */

static bool
can_reassociate_p (tree op)
{
  tree type = TREE_TYPE (op);
  if ((INTEGRAL_TYPE_P (type) && TYPE_OVERFLOW_WRAPS (type))
      || NON_SAT_FIXED_POINT_TYPE_P (type)
      || (flag_associative_math && FLOAT_TYPE_P (type)))
    return true;
  return false;
}

/* Break up subtract operations in block BB.

   We do this top down because we don't know whether the subtract is
   part of a possible chain of reassociation except at the top.

   IE given
   d = f + g
   c = a + e
   b = c - d
   q = b - r
   k = t - q

   we want to break up k = t - q, but we won't until we've transformed q
   = b - r, which won't be broken up until we transform b = c - d.

   En passant, clear the GIMPLE visited flag on every statement
   and set UIDs within each basic block.  */

static void
break_up_subtract_bb (basic_block bb)
{
  gimple_stmt_iterator gsi;
  basic_block son;
  unsigned int uid = 1;

  for (gsi = gsi_start_bb (bb); !gsi_end_p (gsi); gsi_next (&gsi))
    {
      gimple stmt = gsi_stmt (gsi);
      gimple_set_visited (stmt, false);
      gimple_set_uid (stmt, uid++);

      if (!is_gimple_assign (stmt)
          || !can_reassociate_p (gimple_assign_lhs (stmt)))
        continue;

      /* Look for simple gimple subtract operations.  */
      if (gimple_assign_rhs_code (stmt) == MINUS_EXPR)
        {
          if (!can_reassociate_p (gimple_assign_rhs1 (stmt))
              || !can_reassociate_p (gimple_assign_rhs2 (stmt)))
            continue;

          /* Check for a subtract used only in an addition.  If this
             is the case, transform it into add of a negate for better
             reassociation.  IE transform C = A-B into C = A + -B if C
             is only used in an addition.  */
          if (should_break_up_subtract (stmt))
            break_up_subtract (stmt, &gsi);
        }
      else if (gimple_assign_rhs_code (stmt) == NEGATE_EXPR
               && can_reassociate_p (gimple_assign_rhs1 (stmt)))
        plus_negates.safe_push (gimple_assign_lhs (stmt));
    }
  for (son = first_dom_son (CDI_DOMINATORS, bb);
       son;
       son = next_dom_son (CDI_DOMINATORS, son))
    break_up_subtract_bb (son);
}

/* Used for repeated factor analysis.  */
struct repeat_factor_d
{
  /* An SSA name that occurs in a multiply chain.  */
  tree factor;

  /* Cached rank of the factor.  */
  unsigned rank;

  /* Number of occurrences of the factor in the chain.  */
  HOST_WIDE_INT count;

  /* An SSA name representing the product of this factor and
     all factors appearing later in the repeated factor vector.  */
  tree repr;
};

typedef struct repeat_factor_d repeat_factor, *repeat_factor_t;
typedef const struct repeat_factor_d *const_repeat_factor_t;


static vec<repeat_factor> repeat_factor_vec;

/* Used for sorting the repeat factor vector.  Sort primarily by
   ascending occurrence count, secondarily by descending rank.  */

static int
compare_repeat_factors (const void *x1, const void *x2)
{
  const_repeat_factor_t rf1 = (const_repeat_factor_t) x1;
  const_repeat_factor_t rf2 = (const_repeat_factor_t) x2;

  if (rf1->count != rf2->count)
    return rf1->count - rf2->count;

  return rf2->rank - rf1->rank;
}

/* Look for repeated operands in OPS in the multiply tree rooted at
   STMT.  Replace them with an optimal sequence of multiplies and powi
   builtin calls, and remove the used operands from OPS.  Return an
   SSA name representing the value of the replacement sequence.  */

static tree
attempt_builtin_powi (gimple stmt, vec<operand_entry_t> *ops)
{
  unsigned i, j, vec_len;
  int ii;
  operand_entry_t oe;
  repeat_factor_t rf1, rf2;
  repeat_factor rfnew;
  tree result = NULL_TREE;
  tree target_ssa, iter_result;
  tree type = TREE_TYPE (gimple_get_lhs (stmt));
  tree powi_fndecl = mathfn_built_in (type, BUILT_IN_POWI);
  gimple_stmt_iterator gsi = gsi_for_stmt (stmt);
  gimple mul_stmt, pow_stmt;

  /* Nothing to do if BUILT_IN_POWI doesn't exist for this type and
     target.  */
  if (!powi_fndecl)
    return NULL_TREE;

  /* Allocate the repeated factor vector.  */
  repeat_factor_vec.create (10);

  /* Scan the OPS vector for all SSA names in the product and build
     up a vector of occurrence counts for each factor.  */
  FOR_EACH_VEC_ELT (*ops, i, oe)
    {
      if (TREE_CODE (oe->op) == SSA_NAME)
        {
          FOR_EACH_VEC_ELT (repeat_factor_vec, j, rf1)
            {
              if (rf1->factor == oe->op)
                {
                  rf1->count += oe->count;
                  break;
                }
            }

          if (j >= repeat_factor_vec.length ())
            {
              rfnew.factor = oe->op;
              rfnew.rank = oe->rank;
              rfnew.count = oe->count;
              rfnew.repr = NULL_TREE;
              repeat_factor_vec.safe_push (rfnew);
            }
        }
    }

  /* Sort the repeated factor vector by (a) increasing occurrence count,
     and (b) decreasing rank.  */
  repeat_factor_vec.qsort (compare_repeat_factors);

  /* It is generally best to combine as many base factors as possible
     into a product before applying __builtin_powi to the result.
     However, the sort order chosen for the repeated factor vector
     allows us to cache partial results for the product of the base
     factors for subsequent use.  When we already have a cached partial
     result from a previous iteration, it is best to make use of it
     before looking for another __builtin_pow opportunity.

     As an example, consider x * x * y * y * y * z * z * z * z.
     We want to first compose the product x * y * z, raise it to the
     second power, then multiply this by y * z, and finally multiply
     by z.  This can be done in 5 multiplies provided we cache y * z
     for use in both expressions:

        t1 = y * z
        t2 = t1 * x
        t3 = t2 * t2
        t4 = t1 * t3
        result = t4 * z

     If we instead ignored the cached y * z and first multiplied by
     the __builtin_pow opportunity z * z, we would get the inferior:

        t1 = y * z
        t2 = t1 * x
        t3 = t2 * t2
        t4 = z * z
        t5 = t3 * t4
        result = t5 * y  */

  vec_len = repeat_factor_vec.length ();
  
  /* Repeatedly look for opportunities to create a builtin_powi call.  */
  while (true)
    {
      HOST_WIDE_INT power;

      /* First look for the largest cached product of factors from
         preceding iterations.  If found, create a builtin_powi for
         it if the minimum occurrence count for its factors is at
         least 2, or just use this cached product as our next 
         multiplicand if the minimum occurrence count is 1.  */
      FOR_EACH_VEC_ELT (repeat_factor_vec, j, rf1)
        {
          if (rf1->repr && rf1->count > 0)
            break;
        }

      if (j < vec_len)
        {
          power = rf1->count;

          if (power == 1)
            {
              iter_result = rf1->repr;

              if (dump_file && (dump_flags & TDF_DETAILS))
                {
                  unsigned elt;
                  repeat_factor_t rf;
                  fputs ("Multiplying by cached product ", dump_file);
                  for (elt = j; elt < vec_len; elt++)
                    {
                      rf = &repeat_factor_vec[elt];
                      print_generic_expr (dump_file, rf->factor, 0);
                      if (elt < vec_len - 1)
                        fputs (" * ", dump_file);
                    }
                  fputs ("\n", dump_file);
                }
            }
          else
            {
              iter_result = make_temp_ssa_name (type, NULL, "reassocpow");
              pow_stmt = gimple_build_call (powi_fndecl, 2, rf1->repr, 
                                            build_int_cst (integer_type_node,
                                                           power));
              gimple_call_set_lhs (pow_stmt, iter_result);
              gimple_set_location (pow_stmt, gimple_location (stmt));
              gsi_insert_before (&gsi, pow_stmt, GSI_SAME_STMT);

              if (dump_file && (dump_flags & TDF_DETAILS))
                {
                  unsigned elt;
                  repeat_factor_t rf;
                  fputs ("Building __builtin_pow call for cached product (",
                         dump_file);
                  for (elt = j; elt < vec_len; elt++)
                    {
                      rf = &repeat_factor_vec[elt];
                      print_generic_expr (dump_file, rf->factor, 0);
                      if (elt < vec_len - 1)
                        fputs (" * ", dump_file);
                    }
                  fprintf (dump_file, ")^"HOST_WIDE_INT_PRINT_DEC"\n",
                           power);
                }
            }
        }
      else
        {
          /* Otherwise, find the first factor in the repeated factor
             vector whose occurrence count is at least 2.  If no such
             factor exists, there are no builtin_powi opportunities
             remaining.  */
          FOR_EACH_VEC_ELT (repeat_factor_vec, j, rf1)
            {
              if (rf1->count >= 2)
                break;
            }

          if (j >= vec_len)
            break;

          power = rf1->count;

          if (dump_file && (dump_flags & TDF_DETAILS))
            {
              unsigned elt;
              repeat_factor_t rf;
              fputs ("Building __builtin_pow call for (", dump_file);
              for (elt = j; elt < vec_len; elt++)
                {
                  rf = &repeat_factor_vec[elt];
                  print_generic_expr (dump_file, rf->factor, 0);
                  if (elt < vec_len - 1)
                    fputs (" * ", dump_file);
                }
              fprintf (dump_file, ")^"HOST_WIDE_INT_PRINT_DEC"\n", power);
            }

          reassociate_stats.pows_created++;

          /* Visit each element of the vector in reverse order (so that
             high-occurrence elements are visited first, and within the
             same occurrence count, lower-ranked elements are visited
             first).  Form a linear product of all elements in this order
             whose occurrencce count is at least that of element J.
             Record the SSA name representing the product of each element
             with all subsequent elements in the vector.  */
          if (j == vec_len - 1)
            rf1->repr = rf1->factor;
          else
            {
              for (ii = vec_len - 2; ii >= (int)j; ii--)
                {
                  tree op1, op2;

                  rf1 = &repeat_factor_vec[ii];
                  rf2 = &repeat_factor_vec[ii + 1];

                  /* Init the last factor's representative to be itself.  */
                  if (!rf2->repr)
                    rf2->repr = rf2->factor;

                  op1 = rf1->factor;
                  op2 = rf2->repr;

                  target_ssa = make_temp_ssa_name (type, NULL, "reassocpow");
                  mul_stmt = gimple_build_assign (target_ssa, MULT_EXPR,
                                                  op1, op2);
                  gimple_set_location (mul_stmt, gimple_location (stmt));
                  gsi_insert_before (&gsi, mul_stmt, GSI_SAME_STMT);
                  rf1->repr = target_ssa;

                  /* Don't reprocess the multiply we just introduced.  */
                  gimple_set_visited (mul_stmt, true);
                }
            }

          /* Form a call to __builtin_powi for the maximum product
             just formed, raised to the power obtained earlier.  */
          rf1 = &repeat_factor_vec[j];
          iter_result = make_temp_ssa_name (type, NULL, "reassocpow");
          pow_stmt = gimple_build_call (powi_fndecl, 2, rf1->repr, 
                                        build_int_cst (integer_type_node,
                                                       power));
          gimple_call_set_lhs (pow_stmt, iter_result);
          gimple_set_location (pow_stmt, gimple_location (stmt));
          gsi_insert_before (&gsi, pow_stmt, GSI_SAME_STMT);
        }

      /* If we previously formed at least one other builtin_powi call,
         form the product of this one and those others.  */
      if (result)
        {
          tree new_result = make_temp_ssa_name (type, NULL, "reassocpow");
          mul_stmt = gimple_build_assign (new_result, MULT_EXPR,
                                          result, iter_result);
          gimple_set_location (mul_stmt, gimple_location (stmt));
          gsi_insert_before (&gsi, mul_stmt, GSI_SAME_STMT);
          gimple_set_visited (mul_stmt, true);
          result = new_result;
        }
      else
        result = iter_result;

      /* Decrement the occurrence count of each element in the product
         by the count found above, and remove this many copies of each
         factor from OPS.  */
      for (i = j; i < vec_len; i++)
        {
          unsigned k = power;
          unsigned n;

          rf1 = &repeat_factor_vec[i];
          rf1->count -= power;
          
          FOR_EACH_VEC_ELT_REVERSE (*ops, n, oe)
            {
              if (oe->op == rf1->factor)
                {
                  if (oe->count <= k)
                    {
                      ops->ordered_remove (n);
                      k -= oe->count;

                      if (k == 0)
                        break;
                    }
                  else
                    {
                      oe->count -= k;
                      break;
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }

  /* At this point all elements in the repeated factor vector have a
     remaining occurrence count of 0 or 1, and those with a count of 1
     don't have cached representatives.  Re-sort the ops vector and
     clean up.  */
  ops->qsort (sort_by_operand_rank);
  repeat_factor_vec.release ();

  /* Return the final product computed herein.  Note that there may
     still be some elements with single occurrence count left in OPS;
     those will be handled by the normal reassociation logic.  */
  return result;
}

/* Transform STMT at *GSI into a copy by replacing its rhs with NEW_RHS.  */

static void
transform_stmt_to_copy (gimple_stmt_iterator *gsi, gimple stmt, tree new_rhs)
{
  tree rhs1;

  if (dump_file && (dump_flags & TDF_DETAILS))
    {
      fprintf (dump_file, "Transforming ");
      print_gimple_stmt (dump_file, stmt, 0, 0);
    }

  rhs1 = gimple_assign_rhs1 (stmt);
  gimple_assign_set_rhs_from_tree (gsi, new_rhs);
  update_stmt (stmt);
  remove_visited_stmt_chain (rhs1);

  if (dump_file && (dump_flags & TDF_DETAILS))
    {
      fprintf (dump_file, " into ");
      print_gimple_stmt (dump_file, stmt, 0, 0);
    }
}

/* Transform STMT at *GSI into a multiply of RHS1 and RHS2.  */

static void
transform_stmt_to_multiply (gimple_stmt_iterator *gsi, gimple stmt,
                            tree rhs1, tree rhs2)
{
  if (dump_file && (dump_flags & TDF_DETAILS))
    {
      fprintf (dump_file, "Transforming ");
      print_gimple_stmt (dump_file, stmt, 0, 0);
    }

  gimple_assign_set_rhs_with_ops (gsi, MULT_EXPR, rhs1, rhs2);
  update_stmt (gsi_stmt (*gsi));
  remove_visited_stmt_chain (rhs1);

  if (dump_file && (dump_flags & TDF_DETAILS))
    {
      fprintf (dump_file, " into ");
      print_gimple_stmt (dump_file, stmt, 0, 0);
    }
}

/* Reassociate expressions in basic block BB and its post-dominator as
   children.  */

static void
reassociate_bb (basic_block bb)
{
  gimple_stmt_iterator gsi;
  basic_block son;
  gimple stmt = last_stmt (bb);

  if (stmt && !gimple_visited_p (stmt))
    maybe_optimize_range_tests (stmt);

  for (gsi = gsi_last_bb (bb); !gsi_end_p (gsi); gsi_prev (&gsi))
    {
      stmt = gsi_stmt (gsi);

      if (is_gimple_assign (stmt)
          && !stmt_could_throw_p (stmt))
        {
          tree lhs, rhs1, rhs2;
          enum tree_code rhs_code = gimple_assign_rhs_code (stmt);

          /* If this is not a gimple binary expression, there is
             nothing for us to do with it.  */
          if (get_gimple_rhs_class (rhs_code) != GIMPLE_BINARY_RHS)
            continue;

          /* If this was part of an already processed statement,
             we don't need to touch it again. */
          if (gimple_visited_p (stmt))
            {
              /* This statement might have become dead because of previous
                 reassociations.  */
              if (has_zero_uses (gimple_get_lhs (stmt)))
                {
                  reassoc_remove_stmt (&gsi);
                  release_defs (stmt);
                  /* We might end up removing the last stmt above which
                     places the iterator to the end of the sequence.
                     Reset it to the last stmt in this case which might
                     be the end of the sequence as well if we removed
                     the last statement of the sequence.  In which case
                     we need to bail out.  */
                  if (gsi_end_p (gsi))
                    {
                      gsi = gsi_last_bb (bb);
                      if (gsi_end_p (gsi))
                        break;
                    }
                }
              continue;
            }

          lhs = gimple_assign_lhs (stmt);
          rhs1 = gimple_assign_rhs1 (stmt);
          rhs2 = gimple_assign_rhs2 (stmt);

          /* For non-bit or min/max operations we can't associate
             all types.  Verify that here.  */
          if (rhs_code != BIT_IOR_EXPR
              && rhs_code != BIT_AND_EXPR
              && rhs_code != BIT_XOR_EXPR
              && rhs_code != MIN_EXPR
              && rhs_code != MAX_EXPR
              && (!can_reassociate_p (lhs)
                  || !can_reassociate_p (rhs1)
                  || !can_reassociate_p (rhs2)))
            continue;

          if (associative_tree_code (rhs_code))
            {
              auto_vec<operand_entry_t> ops;
              tree powi_result = NULL_TREE;

              /* There may be no immediate uses left by the time we
                 get here because we may have eliminated them all.  */
              if (TREE_CODE (lhs) == SSA_NAME && has_zero_uses (lhs))
                continue;

              gimple_set_visited (stmt, true);
              linearize_expr_tree (&ops, stmt, true, true);
              ops.qsort (sort_by_operand_rank);
              optimize_ops_list (rhs_code, &ops);
              if (undistribute_ops_list (rhs_code, &ops,
                                         loop_containing_stmt (stmt)))
                {
                  ops.qsort (sort_by_operand_rank);
                  optimize_ops_list (rhs_code, &ops);
                }

              if (rhs_code == BIT_IOR_EXPR || rhs_code == BIT_AND_EXPR)
                optimize_range_tests (rhs_code, &ops);

              if (first_pass_instance
                  && rhs_code == MULT_EXPR
                  && flag_unsafe_math_optimizations)
                powi_result = attempt_builtin_powi (stmt, &ops);

              /* If the operand vector is now empty, all operands were 
                 consumed by the __builtin_powi optimization.  */
              if (ops.length () == 0)
                transform_stmt_to_copy (&gsi, stmt, powi_result);
              else if (ops.length () == 1)
                {
                  tree last_op = ops.last ()->op;
                  
                  if (powi_result)
                    transform_stmt_to_multiply (&gsi, stmt, last_op,
                                                powi_result);
                  else
                    transform_stmt_to_copy (&gsi, stmt, last_op);
                }
              else
                {
                  machine_mode mode = TYPE_MODE (TREE_TYPE (lhs));
                  int ops_num = ops.length ();
                  int width = get_reassociation_width (ops_num, rhs_code, mode);
                  tree new_lhs = lhs;

                  if (dump_file && (dump_flags & TDF_DETAILS))
                    fprintf (dump_file,
                             "Width = %d was chosen for reassociation\n", width);

                  if (width > 1
                      && ops.length () > 3)
                    rewrite_expr_tree_parallel (as_a <gassign *> (stmt),
                                                width, ops);
                  else
                    {
                      /* When there are three operands left, we want
                         to make sure the ones that get the double
                         binary op are chosen wisely.  */
                      int len = ops.length ();
                      if (len >= 3)
                        swap_ops_for_binary_stmt (ops, len - 3, stmt);

                      new_lhs = rewrite_expr_tree (stmt, 0, ops,
                                                   powi_result != NULL);
                    }

                  /* If we combined some repeated factors into a 
                     __builtin_powi call, multiply that result by the
                     reassociated operands.  */
                  if (powi_result)
                    {
                      gimple mul_stmt, lhs_stmt = SSA_NAME_DEF_STMT (lhs);
                      tree type = TREE_TYPE (lhs);
                      tree target_ssa = make_temp_ssa_name (type, NULL,
                                                            "reassocpow");
                      gimple_set_lhs (lhs_stmt, target_ssa);
                      update_stmt (lhs_stmt);
                      if (lhs != new_lhs)
                        target_ssa = new_lhs;
                      mul_stmt = gimple_build_assign (lhs, MULT_EXPR,
                                                      powi_result, target_ssa);
                      gimple_set_location (mul_stmt, gimple_location (stmt));
                      gsi_insert_after (&gsi, mul_stmt, GSI_NEW_STMT);
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }
  for (son = first_dom_son (CDI_POST_DOMINATORS, bb);
       son;
       son = next_dom_son (CDI_POST_DOMINATORS, son))
    reassociate_bb (son);
}

/* Add jumps around shifts for range tests turned into bit tests.
   For each SSA_NAME VAR we have code like:
   VAR = ...; // final stmt of range comparison
   // bit test here...;
   OTHERVAR = ...; // final stmt of the bit test sequence
   RES = VAR | OTHERVAR;
   Turn the above into:
   VAR = ...;
   if (VAR != 0)
     goto <l3>;
   else
     goto <l2>;
   <l2>:
   // bit test here...;
   OTHERVAR = ...;
   <l3>:
   # RES = PHI<1(l1), OTHERVAR(l2)>;  */

static void
branch_fixup (void)
{
  tree var;
  unsigned int i;

  FOR_EACH_VEC_ELT (reassoc_branch_fixups, i, var)
    {
      gimple def_stmt = SSA_NAME_DEF_STMT (var);
      gimple use_stmt;
      use_operand_p use;
      bool ok = single_imm_use (var, &use, &use_stmt);
      gcc_assert (ok
                  && is_gimple_assign (use_stmt)
                  && gimple_assign_rhs_code (use_stmt) == BIT_IOR_EXPR
                  && gimple_bb (def_stmt) == gimple_bb (use_stmt));

      basic_block cond_bb = gimple_bb (def_stmt);
      basic_block then_bb = split_block (cond_bb, def_stmt)->dest;
      basic_block merge_bb = split_block (then_bb, use_stmt)->dest;

      gimple_stmt_iterator gsi = gsi_for_stmt (def_stmt);
      gimple g = gimple_build_cond (NE_EXPR, var,
                                    build_zero_cst (TREE_TYPE (var)),
                                    NULL_TREE, NULL_TREE);
      location_t loc = gimple_location (use_stmt);
      gimple_set_location (g, loc);
      gsi_insert_after (&gsi, g, GSI_NEW_STMT);

      edge etrue = make_edge (cond_bb, merge_bb, EDGE_TRUE_VALUE);
      etrue->probability = REG_BR_PROB_BASE / 2;
      etrue->count = cond_bb->count / 2;
      edge efalse = find_edge (cond_bb, then_bb);
      efalse->flags = EDGE_FALSE_VALUE;
      efalse->probability -= etrue->probability;
      efalse->count -= etrue->count;
      then_bb->count -= etrue->count;

      tree othervar = NULL_TREE;
      if (gimple_assign_rhs1 (use_stmt) == var)
        othervar = gimple_assign_rhs2 (use_stmt);
      else if (gimple_assign_rhs2 (use_stmt) == var)
        othervar = gimple_assign_rhs1 (use_stmt);
      else
        gcc_unreachable ();
      tree lhs = gimple_assign_lhs (use_stmt);
      gphi *phi = create_phi_node (lhs, merge_bb);
      add_phi_arg (phi, build_one_cst (TREE_TYPE (lhs)), etrue, loc);
      add_phi_arg (phi, othervar, single_succ_edge (then_bb), loc);
      gsi = gsi_for_stmt (use_stmt);
      gsi_remove (&gsi, true);

      set_immediate_dominator (CDI_DOMINATORS, merge_bb, cond_bb);
      set_immediate_dominator (CDI_POST_DOMINATORS, cond_bb, merge_bb);
    }
  reassoc_branch_fixups.release ();
}

void dump_ops_vector (FILE *file, vec<operand_entry_t> ops);
void debug_ops_vector (vec<operand_entry_t> ops);

/* Dump the operand entry vector OPS to FILE.  */

void
dump_ops_vector (FILE *file, vec<operand_entry_t> ops)
{
  operand_entry_t oe;
  unsigned int i;

  FOR_EACH_VEC_ELT (ops, i, oe)
    {
      fprintf (file, "Op %d -> rank: %d, tree: ", i, oe->rank);
      print_generic_expr (file, oe->op, 0);
    }
}

/* Dump the operand entry vector OPS to STDERR.  */

DEBUG_FUNCTION void
debug_ops_vector (vec<operand_entry_t> ops)
{
  dump_ops_vector (stderr, ops);
}

static void
do_reassoc (void)
{
  break_up_subtract_bb (ENTRY_BLOCK_PTR_FOR_FN (cfun));
  reassociate_bb (EXIT_BLOCK_PTR_FOR_FN (cfun));
}

/* Initialize the reassociation pass.  */

static void
init_reassoc (void)
{
  int i;
  long rank = 2;
  int *bbs = XNEWVEC (int, n_basic_blocks_for_fn (cfun) - NUM_FIXED_BLOCKS);

  /* Find the loops, so that we can prevent moving calculations in
     them.  */
  loop_optimizer_init (AVOID_CFG_MODIFICATIONS);

  memset (&reassociate_stats, 0, sizeof (reassociate_stats));

  operand_entry_pool = create_alloc_pool ("operand entry pool",
                                          sizeof (struct operand_entry), 30);
  next_operand_entry_id = 0;

  /* Reverse RPO (Reverse Post Order) will give us something where
     deeper loops come later.  */
  pre_and_rev_post_order_compute (NULL, bbs, false);
  bb_rank = XCNEWVEC (long, last_basic_block_for_fn (cfun));
  operand_rank = new hash_map<tree, long>;

  /* Give each default definition a distinct rank.  This includes
     parameters and the static chain.  Walk backwards over all
     SSA names so that we get proper rank ordering according
     to tree_swap_operands_p.  */
  for (i = num_ssa_names - 1; i > 0; --i)
    {
      tree name = ssa_name (i);
      if (name && SSA_NAME_IS_DEFAULT_DEF (name))
        insert_operand_rank (name, ++rank);
    }

  /* Set up rank for each BB  */
  for (i = 0; i < n_basic_blocks_for_fn (cfun) - NUM_FIXED_BLOCKS; i++)
    bb_rank[bbs[i]] = ++rank  << 16;

  free (bbs);
  calculate_dominance_info (CDI_POST_DOMINATORS);
  plus_negates = vNULL;
}

/* Cleanup after the reassociation pass, and print stats if
   requested.  */

static void
fini_reassoc (void)
{
  statistics_counter_event (cfun, "Linearized",
                            reassociate_stats.linearized);
  statistics_counter_event (cfun, "Constants eliminated",
                            reassociate_stats.constants_eliminated);
  statistics_counter_event (cfun, "Ops eliminated",
                            reassociate_stats.ops_eliminated);
  statistics_counter_event (cfun, "Statements rewritten",
                            reassociate_stats.rewritten);
  statistics_counter_event (cfun, "Built-in pow[i] calls encountered",
                            reassociate_stats.pows_encountered);
  statistics_counter_event (cfun, "Built-in powi calls created",
                            reassociate_stats.pows_created);

  delete operand_rank;
  free_alloc_pool (operand_entry_pool);
  free (bb_rank);
  plus_negates.release ();
  free_dominance_info (CDI_POST_DOMINATORS);
  loop_optimizer_finalize ();
}

/* Gate and execute functions for Reassociation.  */

static unsigned int
execute_reassoc (void)
{
  init_reassoc ();

  do_reassoc ();
  repropagate_negates ();
  branch_fixup ();

  fini_reassoc ();
  return 0;
}

namespace {

const pass_data pass_data_reassoc =
{
  GIMPLE_PASS, /* type */
  "reassoc", /* name */
  OPTGROUP_NONE, /* optinfo_flags */
  TV_TREE_REASSOC, /* tv_id */
  ( PROP_cfg | PROP_ssa ), /* properties_required */
  0, /* properties_provided */
  0, /* properties_destroyed */
  0, /* todo_flags_start */
  TODO_update_ssa_only_virtuals, /* todo_flags_finish */
};

class pass_reassoc : public gimple_opt_pass
{
public:
  pass_reassoc (gcc::context *ctxt)
    : gimple_opt_pass (pass_data_reassoc, ctxt)
  {}

  /* opt_pass methods: */
  opt_pass * clone () { return new pass_reassoc (m_ctxt); }
  virtual bool gate (function *) { return flag_tree_reassoc != 0; }
  virtual unsigned int execute (function *) { return execute_reassoc (); }

}; // class pass_reassoc

} // anon namespace

gimple_opt_pass *
make_pass_reassoc (gcc::context *ctxt)
{
  return new pass_reassoc (ctxt);
}