1 @c Copyright (C) 1988, 1989, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998,
2 @c 1999, 2000, 2001, 2003 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
3 @c This is part of the GCC manual.
4 @c For copying conditions, see the file gcc.texi.
7 @chapter Makefile Fragments
8 @cindex makefile fragment
10 When you configure GCC using the @file{configure} script, it will
11 construct the file @file{Makefile} from the template file
12 @file{Makefile.in}. When it does this, it can incorporate makefile
13 fragments from the @file{config} directory. These are used to set
14 Makefile parameters that are not amenable to being calculated by
15 autoconf. The list of fragments to incorporate is set by
16 @file{config.gcc} (and occasionally @file{config.build}
17 and @file{config.host}); @xref{System Config}.
19 Fragments are named either @file{t-@var{target}} or @file{x-@var{host}},
20 depending on whether they are relevant to configuring GCC to produce
21 code for a particular target, or to configuring GCC to run on a
22 particular host. Here @var{target} and @var{host} are mnemonics
23 which usually have some relationship to the canonical system name, but
26 If these files do not exist, it means nothing needs to be added for a
27 given target or host. Most targets need a few @file{t-@var{target}}
28 fragments, but needing @file{x-@var{host}} fragments is rare.
31 * Target Fragment:: Writing @file{t-@var{target}} files.
32 * Host Fragment:: Writing @file{x-@var{host}} files.
36 @section Target Makefile Fragments
37 @cindex target makefile fragment
38 @cindex @file{t-@var{target}}
40 Target makefile fragments can set these Makefile variables.
43 @findex LIBGCC2_CFLAGS
45 Compiler flags to use when compiling @file{libgcc2.c}.
47 @findex LIB2FUNCS_EXTRA
49 A list of source file names to be compiled or assembled and inserted
52 @findex Floating Point Emulation
53 @item Floating Point Emulation
54 To have GCC include software floating point libraries in @file{libgcc.a}
55 define @code{FPBIT} and @code{DPBIT} along with a few rules as follows:
57 # We want fine grained libraries, so use the new code
58 # to build the floating point emulation libraries.
63 fp-bit.c: $(srcdir)/config/fp-bit.c
64 echo '#define FLOAT' > fp-bit.c
65 cat $(srcdir)/config/fp-bit.c >> fp-bit.c
67 dp-bit.c: $(srcdir)/config/fp-bit.c
68 cat $(srcdir)/config/fp-bit.c > dp-bit.c
71 You may need to provide additional #defines at the beginning of @file{fp-bit.c}
72 and @file{dp-bit.c} to control target endianness and other options.
75 @findex CRTSTUFF_T_CFLAGS
76 @item CRTSTUFF_T_CFLAGS
77 Special flags used when compiling @file{crtstuff.c}.
78 @xref{Initialization}.
80 @findex CRTSTUFF_T_CFLAGS_S
81 @item CRTSTUFF_T_CFLAGS_S
82 Special flags used when compiling @file{crtstuff.c} for shared
83 linking. Used if you use @file{crtbeginS.o} and @file{crtendS.o}
84 in @code{EXTRA-PARTS}.
85 @xref{Initialization}.
87 @findex MULTILIB_OPTIONS
88 @item MULTILIB_OPTIONS
89 For some targets, invoking GCC in different ways produces objects
90 that can not be linked together. For example, for some targets GCC
91 produces both big and little endian code. For these targets, you must
92 arrange for multiple versions of @file{libgcc.a} to be compiled, one for
93 each set of incompatible options. When GCC invokes the linker, it
94 arranges to link in the right version of @file{libgcc.a}, based on
95 the command line options used.
97 The @code{MULTILIB_OPTIONS} macro lists the set of options for which
98 special versions of @file{libgcc.a} must be built. Write options that
99 are mutually incompatible side by side, separated by a slash. Write
100 options that may be used together separated by a space. The build
101 procedure will build all combinations of compatible options.
103 For example, if you set @code{MULTILIB_OPTIONS} to @samp{m68000/m68020
104 msoft-float}, @file{Makefile} will build special versions of
105 @file{libgcc.a} using the following sets of options: @option{-m68000},
106 @option{-m68020}, @option{-msoft-float}, @samp{-m68000 -msoft-float}, and
107 @samp{-m68020 -msoft-float}.
109 @findex MULTILIB_DIRNAMES
110 @item MULTILIB_DIRNAMES
111 If @code{MULTILIB_OPTIONS} is used, this variable specifies the
112 directory names that should be used to hold the various libraries.
113 Write one element in @code{MULTILIB_DIRNAMES} for each element in
114 @code{MULTILIB_OPTIONS}. If @code{MULTILIB_DIRNAMES} is not used, the
115 default value will be @code{MULTILIB_OPTIONS}, with all slashes treated
118 For example, if @code{MULTILIB_OPTIONS} is set to @samp{m68000/m68020
119 msoft-float}, then the default value of @code{MULTILIB_DIRNAMES} is
120 @samp{m68000 m68020 msoft-float}. You may specify a different value if
121 you desire a different set of directory names.
123 @findex MULTILIB_MATCHES
124 @item MULTILIB_MATCHES
125 Sometimes the same option may be written in two different ways. If an
126 option is listed in @code{MULTILIB_OPTIONS}, GCC needs to know about
127 any synonyms. In that case, set @code{MULTILIB_MATCHES} to a list of
128 items of the form @samp{option=option} to describe all relevant
129 synonyms. For example, @samp{m68000=mc68000 m68020=mc68020}.
131 @findex MULTILIB_EXCEPTIONS
132 @item MULTILIB_EXCEPTIONS
133 Sometimes when there are multiple sets of @code{MULTILIB_OPTIONS} being
134 specified, there are combinations that should not be built. In that
135 case, set @code{MULTILIB_EXCEPTIONS} to be all of the switch exceptions
136 in shell case syntax that should not be built.
138 For example the ARM processor cannot execute both hardware floating
139 point instructions and the reduced size THUMB instructions at the same
140 time, so there is no need to build libraries with both of these
141 options enabled. Therefore @code{MULTILIB_EXCEPTIONS} is set to:
143 *mthumb/*mhard-float*
146 @findex MULTILIB_EXTRA_OPTS
147 @item MULTILIB_EXTRA_OPTS
148 Sometimes it is desirable that when building multiple versions of
149 @file{libgcc.a} certain options should always be passed on to the
150 compiler. In that case, set @code{MULTILIB_EXTRA_OPTS} to be the list
151 of options to be used for all builds. If you set this, you should
152 probably set @code{CRTSTUFF_T_CFLAGS} to a dash followed by it.
156 Unfortunately, setting @code{MULTILIB_EXTRA_OPTS} is not enough, since
157 it does not affect the build of target libraries, at least not the
158 build of the default multilib. One possible work-around is to use
159 @code{DRIVER_SELF_SPECS} to bring options from the @file{specs} file
160 as if they had been passed in the compiler driver command line.
161 However, you don't want to be adding these options after the toolchain
162 is installed, so you can instead tweak the @file{specs} file that will
163 be used during the toolchain build, while you still install the
164 original, built-in @file{specs}. The trick is to set @code{SPECS} to
165 some other filename (say @file{specs.install}), that will then be
166 created out of the built-in specs, and introduce a @file{Makefile}
167 rule to generate the @file{specs} file that's going to be used at
168 build time out of your @file{specs.install}.
172 @section Host Makefile Fragments
173 @cindex host makefile fragment
174 @cindex @file{x-@var{host}}
176 The use of @file{x-@var{host}} fragments is discouraged. You should do
177 so only if there is no other mechanism to get the behavior desired.
178 Host fragments should never forcibly override variables set by the
179 configure script, as they may have been adjusted by the user.
181 Variables provided for host fragments to set include:
187 These are extra flags to pass to the C compiler and preprocessor,
188 respectively. They are used both when building GCC, and when compiling
189 things with the just-built GCC.
192 These are extra flags to use when building the compiler. They are not
193 used when compiling @file{libgcc.a}. However, they @emph{are} used when
194 recompiling the compiler with itself in later stages of a bootstrap.
197 Flags to be passed to the linker when recompiling the compiler with
198 itself in later stages of a bootstrap. You might need to use this if,
199 for instance, one of the front ends needs more text space than the
200 linker provides by default.
203 A list of additional programs required to use the compiler on this host,
204 which should be compiled with GCC and installed alongside the front
205 ends. If you set this variable, you must also provide rules to build