Use .Rs/.Re for reference to C shell introduction.

[netbsd-mini2440.git] / UPDATING

$NetBSD: UPDATING,v 1.192 2009/02/07 13:44:48 skrll Exp $

This file (UPDATING) is intended to be a brief reference to recent
changes that might cause problems in the build process, and a guide for
what to do if something doesn't work.

For a more detailed description of the recommended way to build NetBSD
using build.sh, see the BUILDING file.

Note that much of the advice in this UPDATING file was written before
build.sh existed.  Nevertheless, the advice here may be useful for
working around specific problems with build.sh.

See also: BUILDING, build.sh, Makefile.

Recent changes:
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

20090126:
        The __posix_fadvise50 system call changed assembly stub type. You need to
        'rm -f __posix_fadvise50.*' in the libc build directory to avoid using
        the old assembly stub.

20090202:
        pkg_install now depends on the pkgdb cache for automatic conflict
        detection.  It is recommented to rebuild the cache with
        ``pkg_admin rebuild''.

20090110:
        time_t and dev_t have been bumped to 64 bit quantities. To upgrade:
        1. Make sure your kernel has COMPAT_50 in it. Build and install.
           This is needed even in the MODULAR kernel because there is
           conditionally compiled code in rtsock.c.
        2. make sure build.sh completes and the binaries in a chroot work
           before installing.
        3. If you don't use build.sh and you build directly to root, and
           your build breaks in the middle, don't despair. Make sure headers
           are installed properly, and start building libraries first libc
           and libutil, install them and then continue building all the
           libraries in src/lib and src/gnu/lib and install them. Once
           the new libraries are installed, you can restart the build.
        4. If you compile packages and you notice link time warnings,
           rebuild the required packages to update their shared libraries.
           Any package you rebuild will require rebuilding all the packages
           that depend on it.
        5. Next time you run pwd_mkdb with the new binary, the file
           will be upgraded and it will not be backwards compatible.
        6. The utmpx/wtmpx files (/var/run/utmpx and /var/log/wtmpx, see
           lastlogx(5)) have been versioned, and there is a heuristic
           for utmp. You are better off removing the old files after
           upgrading.  The automated clearing of /var/run during
           boot, and the automated rotating of files in /var/log by
           newsyslog(8), may mean that you do not have to remove the
           files manually.
        7. The optional accounting file (/var/account/acct, see
           accton(8)) has not been versioned, and will need to be
           removed.  The automatic rotation of the accounting file by
           /etc/daily limits the bad consequences of failure to remove
           the file.

20081219:
        config(1) has been updated, and one of the files it creates -
        swapnetbsd.o - has changed format.  You need to rebuild config
        (done automatically by build.sh) and then you need to rerun
        config on all kernel configuration files before rebuilding those
        kernels.

20081205:
        If you build with MKX11=no, you should remove /etc/rc.d/xdm and
        /etc/rc.d/xfs from DESTDIR because those files were moved to the xetc
        set and will appear as extra files for MKX11=no update builds.

20081122:
        On i386, various kernel options(4) in GENERIC including
        file systems have been disabled and moved into kernel modules.
        Before trying a new GENERIC kernel, you have to prepare the
        following files as well as a new GENERIC kernel:

        - build and install kernel modules from src/sys/modules

        - install the latest bootloader, which will load a module
          for the file system from which the kernel is loaded automatically

        If you have to load your kernel from a file system which is not of
        the same type as the root file system, you have to load the necessary
        file system module manually on the boot prompt or in the boot.cfg file.

20080827:
        If you built and installed a libc from sources between
        2008/08/20 and 2008/08/26 you got a broken strtouq(3)
        which results in false errors reported by lint(1).
        Since this breaks the libc build itself, manual help is
        needed -- lint must be disabled temporarily, e.g.:
          $ (cd lib/libc && make MKLINT=no dependall install)

20080813:
        MKDEBUG build was broken because the .depend files did not know
        about .go files. You need to remove all .depend files and rebuild.

20080731:
        WAPBL (metadata journaling support) has been added, but at this
        time isn't backwards compatible with pre-WAPBL aware kernels
        and userland (fsck_ffs in particular).  Please make sure you
        don't use a journaled filesystem with an older kernel/userland,
        especially an uncleanly mounted journaled filesystem.  WAPBL
        also requires the super block to be in the UFS2 format.  You
        can use fsck_ffs -c 4 to update the superblock format.

20080721:
        Assembler warnings are now fatal if $WARNS>0 and $NOGCCERROR
        isn't defined.

20080531:
        The ioctl number of DRVSUSPENDDEV command on /dev/drvctl changed 
        from 125 (conflicted with DRVCTLCOMMAND) to 129. The drvctl(8)
        utility needs to be rebuilt and reinstalled as older binaries
        won't work correctly. The following sequence of commands:

          $ (cd sys/sys/ && nbmake-$arch includes)
          $ (cd sbin/drvctl/ && nbmake-$arch clean)
          $ (cd sbin/drvctl/ && nbmake-$arch all)

        leaves new drvctl utility in sbin/drvctl build directory.

20080503:
        The <bsd.lib.mk> variable MKPRIVATELIB was renamed to LIBISPRIVATE.

20080521:
        For a while, unprivileged UPDATE builds would fail to
        succeed at the checkflist stage, complaining that
        ${DESTDIR}/stand/<arch>/ did not exist.  A fix for this
        problem was committed to share/mk/bsd.kmodule.mk, revision 1.9.
        If you already hit this problem, update the .mk file,
        remove ${DESTDIR}/stand/<arch>, and re-run the build.

20080303:
        Linker warnings are now fatal if $WARNS>0.

20080126:
        The posix_fadvise system call has been changed from an assembly
        stub, to a c file that calls an assembly stub. You need to
        'rm -f posix_fadvise.* .depend' in the libc build directory to
        avoid using the old assembly stub.

20071209:
        The acpiec(4) driver has been split into two attachments. If you
        get ACPI errors before the attachment, please update your kernel
        configuration file appropriately or see GENERIC for more details.

20071115:
        The it(4) driver has been renamed to itesio(4) and the old port
        argument specified in the kernel configuration file is not valid
        anymore. The itesio(4) driver now uses the Super I/O address port
        rather than the EC address port. Please update your kernel
        configuration file appropriately or see GENERIC for more details.

20071028:
        The pccons(4) driver has been removed from the NetBSD/shark port.
        You need to update any custom kernel configuration file you have
        to remove any references to pccons (which includes removing the
        now useless XSERVER option) and replace them with the correct
        entries for the wscons driver.  See the GENERIC configuration file
        for more details.

20070913:
        A latent bug in dhclient/dhcpd that caused it to be unable to
        enumerate interfaces was fixed.  The bug began to cause
        problems after 20070911 when the kernel's SIOCGIFCONF
        implementation was repaired.  From 20070529 to 20070911 racoon
        could not enumerate interfaces.  (These are noted because
        normal kernel/userspace version matching hygiene is not
        sufficient to avoid this problem.)  Ensure that both kernel
        and userland are from after 20070913.

20070703:
        nbinstall has been renamed as it calls the target specific and
        the logic to pass down STRIP from mk been removed.  This forces
        a re-installation of tools.

20070422:
        The way OS emulations lookup filenames inside the emulation root
        has been changed.  Rather than modify the pathname (and copy back
        to userspace) namei() and lookup() directly check the emulation
        root. One side effect is that absolute symlinks inside the emulated
        root file system will be relative to that file system - unless they
        start /../ this is useful when the emulated root is a real install
        that has such links.
        This might affect symlinks that have been added to reference outside
        the emulated root.

20070412:
        The pckbc driver on sgimips IP32 has been removed. Use macekbc
        instead. See the GENERIC32_IP3x kernel configuration for an
        example.

20070319:
        src/lib/libc/Makefile revision 1.129 broke libc and ld.elf_so
        on many platforms due to incorrect flags settings.  If you
        updated and built after about 20070315, do "nbmake-$arch
        cleandir" in src/lib/libc and src/libexec/ld.elf_so to force a
        rebuild of object files that might have been built
        incorrectly, and ensure that you have at least
        src/lib/libc/Makefile 1.130.

20070210: 
        src/sys/sys/{sa.h,savar.h} were removed.
          find ${OBJDIR} \( -name .depend -o -name '*.d' \) -print \
              | xargs egrep -l '/sa.h|/savar.h' | xargs rm
        will allow dependencies on those files to get get rebuilt

20070209:
        The threading model was changed when the newlock2 branch
        was merged to NetBSD-current.  If you boot with a new
        kernel (version 4.99.10), then you also need a new pthread
        library (/usr/lib/libpthread.so.0.7).  If you boot with
        an old kernel, then you need the old pthread library
        (/usr/lib/libpthread.so.0.6).  Provided you keep the kernel and
        the pthread library in sync, old threaded applications should
        continue to work with an old or new kernel.  Note that named(8)
        is the only threaded application in the base system.

20061214:
        Following the move of string_to_flags() and flags_to_string()
        from the bin/ls/ sources to libutil, users doing UPDATE builds
        will need to do a "make cleandir" in
                tools/mtree/, tools/makefs/, tools/binstall/, tools/pax/,
                bin/pax/, bin/ls/, usr.sbin/mtree/, usr.sbin/makefs/,
                usr.bin/xinstall/, libexec/ftpd/, rescue/, as well
                as the installation images in distrib/
        in order to excise stale references to the old stat_flags.h header
        file in the ls sources -- stat_flags.h has been removed.

20061108:
        The configure script used in the src/tools/gcc compiler has been
        changed to indicate that our libc has ssp support built-in and
        does not depend on -lssp and -lssp-nonshared. You'll need to
        make clean in src/tools/gcc first to rebuild the compiler.

20061009:
        The sysctl variables net.inet{,6}.tcp{,6}.newreno are no longer
        available. Use net.inet{,6}.tcp{,6}.congctl.selected instead.

20060814:
        The vt, vidcconsole, kbd, and rpckbd drivers on acorn32 have been
        withdrawn.  Use vidcvideo and pckbd instead.  See the GENERIC
        kernel configuration for an example.  X servers from the last
        few years should cope.

20060703:
        MPACPI is no more. We always configure PCI interrupts using ACPI
        if we have an ACPI kernel. The option MPACPI_SCANPCI has been renamed
        to ACPI_SCANPCI. Thanks to work from fvdl.

20060627:
        socket(2) has changed, and its system call has been versioned.
        For userlands with the old version of socket(2), make sure that
        your kernel has 'options COMPAT_30' set, or else 'bad system call'
        errors will result.

Hints for a more successful build:
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
    Use build.sh, but do not use its "expert mode":
        This will automatically build the tools in the
           correct order, and it will keep the tools and the
           new build products from interfering with the running
           system.  This will allow you to ignore most of the
           other advice in this file.
    Build a new kernel first:
        This makes sure that any new system calls or features
           expected by the new userland will be present.  This
           helps to avoid critical errors when upgrading.
    Use object directories:
        This helps to keep stale object
           files from polluting the build if a Makefile "forgets"
           about one.  It also makes it easier to clean up after
           a build.  It's also necessary if you want to use the
           same source tree for multiple machines.
           To use object directories with build.sh:
            a) invoke build.sh with the "-M" or "-O" options.
           To use object directories without using build.sh:
            a) cd /usr/src ; make cleandir
            b) Add "OBJMACHINE=yes" to /etc/mk.conf
            c) Add "MKOBJDIRS=yes" to /etc/mk.conf
            d) cd /usr/src ; make build
           Note that running "make obj" in a directory will create
           in obj.$MACHINE directory.
    Build to a DESTDIR:
        This helps to keep old installed files (especially libraries)
           from interfering with the new build.
           To build to a DESTDIR with build.sh, use the "-D" option.
           To build to a DESTDIR without using build.sh, set the DESTDIR
           environment variable before running make build.  It should be
           set to the pathname of an initially empty directory.
           Problems: if you do not use build.sh, you might need to
                update critical utilities without using DESTDIR since
                nothing is executed from what is installed in DESTDIR.
                (See critical utils, below.)
    Build often:
        This keeps critical utilities current enough to not choke
        on any other part of the source tree that depends on up to
        date functionality.  If you use build.sh, you should not have
        this problem.
 
What to do if things don't work:
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
When things don't work there is usually a few things that commonly
should be done.
    1)  make includes
        This should be done automatically by make build.
    2)  cd share/mk && make install
        Again, automatically done by make build.

Failsafe rebuild of a small part of the tree:
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
To make sure you rebuild something correctly you want to do
something like the following:
    1)  Make sure the includes and .mk files are up to date.
    2)  Make sure any program used to build the particular
        utility is up to date.  (yacc, lex, etc...)
    3)  cd ...path/to/util...
        make cleandir
        rm ...all obj directories...
        make cleandir                   # yes, again
        make obj
        make depend && make

Failsafe rebuild of the entire tree:
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
If you really want to make sure the source tree is clean and
ready for a build try the following.  Note that sourcing /etc/mk.conf
(a make(1) Makefile) in this manner is not right, and will not work
for anyone who uses any make(1) features in /etc/mk.conf.

---cut here---
#!/bin/sh
. /etc/mk.conf

if [ -z $NETBSDSRCDIR ] ; then
    NETBSDSRCDIR=/usr/src
fi
if [ \! -d $NETBSDSRCDIR ] ; then
    echo Unable to find sources
    exit 1
fi
find $NETBSDSRCDIR -name \*.o -o -name obj.\* -o -name obj -exec rm \{\} \;

if [ -z $BSDOBJDIR ] ; then
    BSDOBJDIR=/usr/obj
fi
if [ -d $BSDOBJDIR ] ; then
    rm -rf $BSDOBJDIR
fi

cd $NETBSDSRCDIR && make cleandir

---cut here---

Critical utilities:
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
        usr.bin/compile_et
        usr.bin/make
        usr.bin/yacc
        usr.bin/lex
        usr.bin/xlint
        usr.bin/config

Other problems and possible solutions:
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
Symptom:Complaints involving a Makefile.
Fix:    Rebuild usr.bin/make:
        cd usr.bin/make && make && make install
        Or, a failsafe method if that doesn't work:
        cd usr.bin/make && cc *.c */*.c -I . -o make && mv make /usr/bin

Fix:    Make sure .mk files are up to date.
        cd share/mk && make install

Symptom:Kernel `config' fails to configure any kernel, including GENERIC.
Fix:    Rebuild usr.bin/config

Symptom:
Fix:    Rebuild usr.bin/yacc

Symptom:
Fix:    Rebuild usr.bin/lex

Symptom:
Fix:    rm /usr/lib/libbfd.a

Symptom:Obsolete intermediate files are used during compilation
Fix:    Try the following sequence of commands in the directory in question.
        make cleandir; rm `make print-objdir`; make cleandir; make obj
        (If you built the tree without "make obj" in the past, obsolete files
        may remain.  The command tries to clean everything up)

Symptom:.../sysinst/run.c:xx: warning: initialization from incompatible pointer type
Fix:    Rebuild and install usr.bin/menuc

Symptom:mklocale not found during build in share/locale/ctype
Fix:    Build and install usr.bin/mklocale

Symptom:undefined reference to `__assert13' or `__unsetenv13'
Fix:    Rebuild and install lib/libc

Symptom:usr.bin/config fails to build.
Fix:    Try building with -DMAKE_BOOTSTRAP added to CFLAGS in Makefile.

Symptom:undefined reference to `getprogname' or `setprogname'
Fix:    Rebuild and install lib/libc

Symptom:lint does not understand the '-X' option
Fix:    May need to build & install libs with NOLINT=1 before rebuilding lint