Merge from vendor branch PKGSRC:
[netbsd-mini2440.git] / sys / ufs / ext2fs / ext2fs_vfsops.c
blob66cbe860ce0c9e081e8d54858630ca5b61e384fc
1 /* $NetBSD: ext2fs_vfsops.c,v 1.151 2009/10/19 18:41:17 bouyer Exp $ */
3 /*
4 * Copyright (c) 1989, 1991, 1993, 1994
5 * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
7 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
8 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
9 * are met:
10 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
11 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
12 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
13 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
14 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
15 * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
16 * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
17 * without specific prior written permission.
19 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
20 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
21 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
22 * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
23 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
24 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
25 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
26 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
27 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
28 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
29 * SUCH DAMAGE.
31 * @(#)ffs_vfsops.c 8.14 (Berkeley) 11/28/94
32 * Modified for ext2fs by Manuel Bouyer.
36 * Copyright (c) 1997 Manuel Bouyer.
38 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
39 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
40 * are met:
41 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
42 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
43 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
44 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
45 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
47 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
48 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
49 * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
50 * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
51 * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
52 * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
53 * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
54 * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
55 * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
56 * THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
58 * @(#)ffs_vfsops.c 8.14 (Berkeley) 11/28/94
59 * Modified for ext2fs by Manuel Bouyer.
62 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
63 __KERNEL_RCSID(0, "$NetBSD: ext2fs_vfsops.c,v 1.151 2009/10/19 18:41:17 bouyer Exp $");
65 #if defined(_KERNEL_OPT)
66 #include "opt_compat_netbsd.h"
67 #endif
69 #include <sys/param.h>
70 #include <sys/systm.h>
71 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
72 #include <sys/namei.h>
73 #include <sys/proc.h>
74 #include <sys/kernel.h>
75 #include <sys/vnode.h>
76 #include <sys/socket.h>
77 #include <sys/mount.h>
78 #include <sys/buf.h>
79 #include <sys/device.h>
80 #include <sys/mbuf.h>
81 #include <sys/file.h>
82 #include <sys/disklabel.h>
83 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
84 #include <sys/errno.h>
85 #include <sys/malloc.h>
86 #include <sys/pool.h>
87 #include <sys/lock.h>
88 #include <sys/conf.h>
89 #include <sys/kauth.h>
90 #include <sys/module.h>
92 #include <miscfs/genfs/genfs.h>
93 #include <miscfs/specfs/specdev.h>
95 #include <ufs/ufs/quota.h>
96 #include <ufs/ufs/ufsmount.h>
97 #include <ufs/ufs/inode.h>
98 #include <ufs/ufs/dir.h>
99 #include <ufs/ufs/ufs_extern.h>
101 #include <ufs/ext2fs/ext2fs.h>
102 #include <ufs/ext2fs/ext2fs_dir.h>
103 #include <ufs/ext2fs/ext2fs_extern.h>
105 MODULE(MODULE_CLASS_VFS, ext2fs, "ffs");
107 int ext2fs_sbupdate(struct ufsmount *, int);
108 static int ext2fs_checksb(struct ext2fs *, int);
110 static struct sysctllog *ext2fs_sysctl_log;
112 extern const struct vnodeopv_desc ext2fs_vnodeop_opv_desc;
113 extern const struct vnodeopv_desc ext2fs_specop_opv_desc;
114 extern const struct vnodeopv_desc ext2fs_fifoop_opv_desc;
116 const struct vnodeopv_desc * const ext2fs_vnodeopv_descs[] = {
117 &ext2fs_vnodeop_opv_desc,
118 &ext2fs_specop_opv_desc,
119 &ext2fs_fifoop_opv_desc,
120 NULL,
123 struct vfsops ext2fs_vfsops = {
124 MOUNT_EXT2FS,
125 sizeof (struct ufs_args),
126 ext2fs_mount,
127 ufs_start,
128 ext2fs_unmount,
129 ufs_root,
130 ufs_quotactl,
131 ext2fs_statvfs,
132 ext2fs_sync,
133 ext2fs_vget,
134 ext2fs_fhtovp,
135 ext2fs_vptofh,
136 ext2fs_init,
137 ext2fs_reinit,
138 ext2fs_done,
139 ext2fs_mountroot,
140 (int (*)(struct mount *, struct vnode *, struct timespec *)) eopnotsupp,
141 vfs_stdextattrctl,
142 (void *)eopnotsupp, /* vfs_suspendctl */
143 genfs_renamelock_enter,
144 genfs_renamelock_exit,
145 (void *)eopnotsupp,
146 ext2fs_vnodeopv_descs,
148 { NULL, NULL },
151 static const struct genfs_ops ext2fs_genfsops = {
152 .gop_size = genfs_size,
153 .gop_alloc = ext2fs_gop_alloc,
154 .gop_write = genfs_gop_write,
155 .gop_markupdate = ufs_gop_markupdate,
158 static const struct ufs_ops ext2fs_ufsops = {
159 .uo_itimes = ext2fs_itimes,
160 .uo_update = ext2fs_update,
161 .uo_vfree = ext2fs_vfree,
162 .uo_unmark_vnode = (void (*)(vnode_t *))nullop,
165 /* Fill in the inode uid/gid from ext2 halves. */
166 void
167 ext2fs_set_inode_guid(struct inode *ip)
170 ip->i_gid = ip->i_e2fs_gid;
171 ip->i_uid = ip->i_e2fs_uid;
172 if (ip->i_e2fs->e2fs.e2fs_rev > E2FS_REV0) {
173 ip->i_gid |= ip->i_e2fs_gid_high << 16;
174 ip->i_uid |= ip->i_e2fs_uid_high << 16;
178 static int
179 ext2fs_modcmd(modcmd_t cmd, void *arg)
181 int error;
183 switch (cmd) {
184 case MODULE_CMD_INIT:
185 error = vfs_attach(&ext2fs_vfsops);
186 if (error != 0)
187 break;
188 sysctl_createv(&ext2fs_sysctl_log, 0, NULL, NULL,
189 CTLFLAG_PERMANENT,
190 CTLTYPE_NODE, "vfs", NULL,
191 NULL, 0, NULL, 0,
192 CTL_VFS, CTL_EOL);
193 sysctl_createv(&ext2fs_sysctl_log, 0, NULL, NULL,
194 CTLFLAG_PERMANENT,
195 CTLTYPE_NODE, "ext2fs",
196 SYSCTL_DESCR("Linux EXT2FS file system"),
197 NULL, 0, NULL, 0,
198 CTL_VFS, 17, CTL_EOL);
200 * XXX the "17" above could be dynamic, thereby eliminating
201 * one more instance of the "number to vfs" mapping problem,
202 * but "17" is the order as taken from sys/mount.h
204 break;
205 case MODULE_CMD_FINI:
206 error = vfs_detach(&ext2fs_vfsops);
207 if (error != 0)
208 break;
209 sysctl_teardown(&ext2fs_sysctl_log);
210 break;
211 default:
212 error = ENOTTY;
213 break;
216 return (error);
220 * XXX Same structure as FFS inodes? Should we share a common pool?
222 struct pool ext2fs_inode_pool;
223 struct pool ext2fs_dinode_pool;
225 extern u_long ext2gennumber;
227 void
228 ext2fs_init(void)
231 pool_init(&ext2fs_inode_pool, sizeof(struct inode), 0, 0, 0,
232 "ext2fsinopl", &pool_allocator_nointr, IPL_NONE);
233 pool_init(&ext2fs_dinode_pool, sizeof(struct ext2fs_dinode), 0, 0, 0,
234 "ext2dinopl", &pool_allocator_nointr, IPL_NONE);
235 ufs_init();
238 void
239 ext2fs_reinit(void)
241 ufs_reinit();
244 void
245 ext2fs_done(void)
248 ufs_done();
249 pool_destroy(&ext2fs_inode_pool);
250 pool_destroy(&ext2fs_dinode_pool);
254 * Called by main() when ext2fs is going to be mounted as root.
256 * Name is updated by mount(8) after booting.
258 #define ROOTNAME "root_device"
261 ext2fs_mountroot(void)
263 extern struct vnode *rootvp;
264 struct m_ext2fs *fs;
265 struct mount *mp;
266 struct ufsmount *ump;
267 int error;
269 if (device_class(root_device) != DV_DISK)
270 return (ENODEV);
272 if ((error = vfs_rootmountalloc(MOUNT_EXT2FS, "root_device", &mp))) {
273 vrele(rootvp);
274 return (error);
277 if ((error = ext2fs_mountfs(rootvp, mp)) != 0) {
278 vfs_unbusy(mp, false, NULL);
279 vfs_destroy(mp);
280 return (error);
282 mutex_enter(&mountlist_lock);
283 CIRCLEQ_INSERT_TAIL(&mountlist, mp, mnt_list);
284 mutex_exit(&mountlist_lock);
285 ump = VFSTOUFS(mp);
286 fs = ump->um_e2fs;
287 memset(fs->e2fs_fsmnt, 0, sizeof(fs->e2fs_fsmnt));
288 (void) copystr(mp->mnt_stat.f_mntonname, fs->e2fs_fsmnt,
289 sizeof(fs->e2fs_fsmnt) - 1, 0);
290 if (fs->e2fs.e2fs_rev > E2FS_REV0) {
291 memset(fs->e2fs.e2fs_fsmnt, 0, sizeof(fs->e2fs.e2fs_fsmnt));
292 (void) copystr(mp->mnt_stat.f_mntonname, fs->e2fs.e2fs_fsmnt,
293 sizeof(fs->e2fs.e2fs_fsmnt) - 1, 0);
295 (void)ext2fs_statvfs(mp, &mp->mnt_stat);
296 vfs_unbusy(mp, false, NULL);
297 setrootfstime((time_t)fs->e2fs.e2fs_wtime);
298 return (0);
302 * VFS Operations.
304 * mount system call
307 ext2fs_mount(struct mount *mp, const char *path, void *data, size_t *data_len)
309 struct lwp *l = curlwp;
310 struct vnode *devvp;
311 struct ufs_args *args = data;
312 struct ufsmount *ump = NULL;
313 struct m_ext2fs *fs;
314 size_t size;
315 int error = 0, flags, update;
316 mode_t accessmode;
318 if (*data_len < sizeof *args)
319 return EINVAL;
321 if (mp->mnt_flag & MNT_GETARGS) {
322 ump = VFSTOUFS(mp);
323 if (ump == NULL)
324 return EIO;
325 memset(args, 0, sizeof *args);
326 args->fspec = NULL;
327 *data_len = sizeof *args;
328 return 0;
331 update = mp->mnt_flag & MNT_UPDATE;
333 /* Check arguments */
334 if (args->fspec != NULL) {
336 * Look up the name and verify that it's sane.
338 error = namei_simple_user(args->fspec,
339 NSM_FOLLOW_NOEMULROOT, &devvp);
340 if (error != 0)
341 return (error);
343 if (!update) {
345 * Be sure this is a valid block device
347 if (devvp->v_type != VBLK)
348 error = ENOTBLK;
349 else if (bdevsw_lookup(devvp->v_rdev) == NULL)
350 error = ENXIO;
351 } else {
353 * Be sure we're still naming the same device
354 * used for our initial mount
356 ump = VFSTOUFS(mp);
357 if (devvp != ump->um_devvp) {
358 if (devvp->v_rdev != ump->um_devvp->v_rdev)
359 error = EINVAL;
360 else {
361 vrele(devvp);
362 devvp = ump->um_devvp;
363 vref(devvp);
367 } else {
368 if (!update) {
369 /* New mounts must have a filename for the device */
370 return (EINVAL);
371 } else {
372 ump = VFSTOUFS(mp);
373 devvp = ump->um_devvp;
374 vref(devvp);
379 * If mount by non-root, then verify that user has necessary
380 * permissions on the device.
382 * Permission to update a mount is checked higher, so here we presume
383 * updating the mount is okay (for example, as far as securelevel goes)
384 * which leaves us with the normal check.
386 if (error == 0) {
387 accessmode = VREAD;
388 if (update ?
389 (mp->mnt_iflag & IMNT_WANTRDWR) != 0 :
390 (mp->mnt_flag & MNT_RDONLY) == 0)
391 accessmode |= VWRITE;
392 vn_lock(devvp, LK_EXCLUSIVE | LK_RETRY);
393 error = genfs_can_mount(devvp, accessmode, l->l_cred);
394 VOP_UNLOCK(devvp, 0);
397 if (error) {
398 vrele(devvp);
399 return (error);
402 if (!update) {
403 int xflags;
405 if (mp->mnt_flag & MNT_RDONLY)
406 xflags = FREAD;
407 else
408 xflags = FREAD|FWRITE;
409 error = VOP_OPEN(devvp, xflags, FSCRED);
410 if (error)
411 goto fail;
412 error = ext2fs_mountfs(devvp, mp);
413 if (error) {
414 vn_lock(devvp, LK_EXCLUSIVE | LK_RETRY);
415 (void)VOP_CLOSE(devvp, xflags, NOCRED);
416 VOP_UNLOCK(devvp, 0);
417 goto fail;
420 ump = VFSTOUFS(mp);
421 fs = ump->um_e2fs;
422 } else {
424 * Update the mount.
428 * The initial mount got a reference on this
429 * device, so drop the one obtained via
430 * namei(), above.
432 vrele(devvp);
434 ump = VFSTOUFS(mp);
435 fs = ump->um_e2fs;
436 if (fs->e2fs_ronly == 0 && (mp->mnt_flag & MNT_RDONLY)) {
438 * Changing from r/w to r/o
440 flags = WRITECLOSE;
441 if (mp->mnt_flag & MNT_FORCE)
442 flags |= FORCECLOSE;
443 error = ext2fs_flushfiles(mp, flags);
444 if (error == 0 &&
445 ext2fs_cgupdate(ump, MNT_WAIT) == 0 &&
446 (fs->e2fs.e2fs_state & E2FS_ERRORS) == 0) {
447 fs->e2fs.e2fs_state = E2FS_ISCLEAN;
448 (void) ext2fs_sbupdate(ump, MNT_WAIT);
450 if (error)
451 return (error);
452 fs->e2fs_ronly = 1;
455 if (mp->mnt_flag & MNT_RELOAD) {
456 error = ext2fs_reload(mp, l->l_cred, l);
457 if (error)
458 return (error);
461 if (fs->e2fs_ronly && (mp->mnt_iflag & IMNT_WANTRDWR)) {
463 * Changing from read-only to read/write
465 fs->e2fs_ronly = 0;
466 if (fs->e2fs.e2fs_state == E2FS_ISCLEAN)
467 fs->e2fs.e2fs_state = 0;
468 else
469 fs->e2fs.e2fs_state = E2FS_ERRORS;
470 fs->e2fs_fmod = 1;
472 if (args->fspec == NULL)
473 return 0;
476 error = set_statvfs_info(path, UIO_USERSPACE, args->fspec,
477 UIO_USERSPACE, mp->mnt_op->vfs_name, mp, l);
478 (void) copystr(mp->mnt_stat.f_mntonname, fs->e2fs_fsmnt,
479 sizeof(fs->e2fs_fsmnt) - 1, &size);
480 memset(fs->e2fs_fsmnt + size, 0, sizeof(fs->e2fs_fsmnt) - size);
481 if (fs->e2fs.e2fs_rev > E2FS_REV0) {
482 (void) copystr(mp->mnt_stat.f_mntonname, fs->e2fs.e2fs_fsmnt,
483 sizeof(fs->e2fs.e2fs_fsmnt) - 1, &size);
484 memset(fs->e2fs.e2fs_fsmnt, 0,
485 sizeof(fs->e2fs.e2fs_fsmnt) - size);
487 if (fs->e2fs_fmod != 0) { /* XXX */
488 fs->e2fs_fmod = 0;
489 if (fs->e2fs.e2fs_state == 0)
490 fs->e2fs.e2fs_wtime = time_second;
491 else
492 printf("%s: file system not clean; please fsck(8)\n",
493 mp->mnt_stat.f_mntfromname);
494 (void) ext2fs_cgupdate(ump, MNT_WAIT);
496 return (error);
498 fail:
499 vrele(devvp);
500 return (error);
504 * Reload all incore data for a filesystem (used after running fsck on
505 * the root filesystem and finding things to fix). The filesystem must
506 * be mounted read-only.
508 * Things to do to update the mount:
509 * 1) invalidate all cached meta-data.
510 * 2) re-read superblock from disk.
511 * 3) re-read summary information from disk.
512 * 4) invalidate all inactive vnodes.
513 * 5) invalidate all cached file data.
514 * 6) re-read inode data for all active vnodes.
517 ext2fs_reload(struct mount *mp, kauth_cred_t cred, struct lwp *l)
519 struct vnode *vp, *mvp, *devvp;
520 struct inode *ip;
521 struct buf *bp;
522 struct m_ext2fs *fs;
523 struct ext2fs *newfs;
524 struct partinfo dpart;
525 int i, size, error;
526 void *cp;
527 struct ufsmount *ump;
529 if ((mp->mnt_flag & MNT_RDONLY) == 0)
530 return (EINVAL);
532 ump = VFSTOUFS(mp);
534 * Step 1: invalidate all cached meta-data.
536 devvp = ump->um_devvp;
537 vn_lock(devvp, LK_EXCLUSIVE | LK_RETRY);
538 error = vinvalbuf(devvp, 0, cred, l, 0, 0);
539 VOP_UNLOCK(devvp, 0);
540 if (error)
541 panic("ext2fs_reload: dirty1");
543 * Step 2: re-read superblock from disk.
545 if (VOP_IOCTL(devvp, DIOCGPART, &dpart, FREAD, NOCRED) != 0)
546 size = DEV_BSIZE;
547 else
548 size = dpart.disklab->d_secsize;
549 error = bread(devvp, (daddr_t)(SBOFF / size), SBSIZE, NOCRED, 0, &bp);
550 if (error) {
551 brelse(bp, 0);
552 return (error);
554 newfs = (struct ext2fs *)bp->b_data;
555 error = ext2fs_checksb(newfs, (mp->mnt_flag & MNT_RDONLY) != 0);
556 if (error) {
557 brelse(bp, 0);
558 return (error);
561 fs = ump->um_e2fs;
563 * copy in new superblock, and compute in-memory values
565 e2fs_sbload(newfs, &fs->e2fs);
566 fs->e2fs_ncg =
567 howmany(fs->e2fs.e2fs_bcount - fs->e2fs.e2fs_first_dblock,
568 fs->e2fs.e2fs_bpg);
569 /* XXX assume hw bsize = 512 */
570 fs->e2fs_fsbtodb = fs->e2fs.e2fs_log_bsize + 1;
571 fs->e2fs_bsize = MINBSIZE << fs->e2fs.e2fs_log_bsize;
572 fs->e2fs_bshift = LOG_MINBSIZE + fs->e2fs.e2fs_log_bsize;
573 fs->e2fs_qbmask = fs->e2fs_bsize - 1;
574 fs->e2fs_bmask = ~fs->e2fs_qbmask;
575 fs->e2fs_ngdb =
576 howmany(fs->e2fs_ncg, fs->e2fs_bsize / sizeof(struct ext2_gd));
577 fs->e2fs_ipb = fs->e2fs_bsize / EXT2_DINODE_SIZE(fs);
578 fs->e2fs_itpg = fs->e2fs.e2fs_ipg / fs->e2fs_ipb;
579 brelse(bp, 0);
582 * Step 3: re-read summary information from disk.
585 for (i = 0; i < fs->e2fs_ngdb; i++) {
586 error = bread(devvp ,
587 fsbtodb(fs, fs->e2fs.e2fs_first_dblock +
588 1 /* superblock */ + i),
589 fs->e2fs_bsize, NOCRED, 0, &bp);
590 if (error) {
591 brelse(bp, 0);
592 return (error);
594 e2fs_cgload((struct ext2_gd *)bp->b_data,
595 &fs->e2fs_gd[i * fs->e2fs_bsize / sizeof(struct ext2_gd)],
596 fs->e2fs_bsize);
597 brelse(bp, 0);
600 /* Allocate a marker vnode. */
601 if ((mvp = vnalloc(mp)) == NULL)
602 return ENOMEM;
604 * NOTE: not using the TAILQ_FOREACH here since in this loop vgone()
605 * and vclean() can be called indirectly
607 mutex_enter(&mntvnode_lock);
608 loop:
609 for (vp = TAILQ_FIRST(&mp->mnt_vnodelist); vp; vp = vunmark(mvp)) {
610 vmark(mvp, vp);
611 if (vp->v_mount != mp || vismarker(vp))
612 continue;
614 * Step 4: invalidate all inactive vnodes.
616 if (vrecycle(vp, &mntvnode_lock, l)) {
617 mutex_enter(&mntvnode_lock);
618 (void)vunmark(mvp);
619 goto loop;
622 * Step 5: invalidate all cached file data.
624 mutex_enter(&vp->v_interlock);
625 mutex_exit(&mntvnode_lock);
626 if (vget(vp, LK_EXCLUSIVE | LK_INTERLOCK)) {
627 mutex_enter(&mntvnode_lock);
628 (void)vunmark(mvp);
629 goto loop;
631 if (vinvalbuf(vp, 0, cred, l, 0, 0))
632 panic("ext2fs_reload: dirty2");
634 * Step 6: re-read inode data for all active vnodes.
636 ip = VTOI(vp);
637 error = bread(devvp, fsbtodb(fs, ino_to_fsba(fs, ip->i_number)),
638 (int)fs->e2fs_bsize, NOCRED, 0, &bp);
639 if (error) {
640 vput(vp);
641 mutex_enter(&mntvnode_lock);
642 (void)vunmark(mvp);
643 break;
645 cp = (char *)bp->b_data +
646 (ino_to_fsbo(fs, ip->i_number) * EXT2_DINODE_SIZE(fs));
647 e2fs_iload((struct ext2fs_dinode *)cp, ip->i_din.e2fs_din);
648 ext2fs_set_inode_guid(ip);
649 brelse(bp, 0);
650 vput(vp);
651 mutex_enter(&mntvnode_lock);
653 mutex_exit(&mntvnode_lock);
654 vnfree(mvp);
655 return (error);
659 * Common code for mount and mountroot
662 ext2fs_mountfs(struct vnode *devvp, struct mount *mp)
664 struct lwp *l = curlwp;
665 struct ufsmount *ump;
666 struct buf *bp;
667 struct ext2fs *fs;
668 struct m_ext2fs *m_fs;
669 dev_t dev;
670 struct partinfo dpart;
671 int error, i, size, ronly;
672 kauth_cred_t cred;
673 struct proc *p;
675 dev = devvp->v_rdev;
676 p = l ? l->l_proc : NULL;
677 cred = l ? l->l_cred : NOCRED;
679 /* Flush out any old buffers remaining from a previous use. */
680 vn_lock(devvp, LK_EXCLUSIVE | LK_RETRY);
681 error = vinvalbuf(devvp, V_SAVE, cred, l, 0, 0);
682 VOP_UNLOCK(devvp, 0);
683 if (error)
684 return (error);
686 ronly = (mp->mnt_flag & MNT_RDONLY) != 0;
687 if (VOP_IOCTL(devvp, DIOCGPART, &dpart, FREAD, cred) != 0)
688 size = DEV_BSIZE;
689 else
690 size = dpart.disklab->d_secsize;
692 bp = NULL;
693 ump = NULL;
695 #ifdef DEBUG_EXT2
696 printf("ext2 sb size: %d\n", sizeof(struct ext2fs));
697 #endif
698 error = bread(devvp, (SBOFF / size), SBSIZE, cred, 0, &bp);
699 if (error)
700 goto out;
701 fs = (struct ext2fs *)bp->b_data;
702 error = ext2fs_checksb(fs, ronly);
703 if (error)
704 goto out;
705 ump = malloc(sizeof(*ump), M_UFSMNT, M_WAITOK);
706 memset(ump, 0, sizeof(*ump));
707 ump->um_fstype = UFS1;
708 ump->um_ops = &ext2fs_ufsops;
709 ump->um_e2fs = malloc(sizeof(struct m_ext2fs), M_UFSMNT, M_WAITOK);
710 memset(ump->um_e2fs, 0, sizeof(struct m_ext2fs));
711 e2fs_sbload((struct ext2fs *)bp->b_data, &ump->um_e2fs->e2fs);
712 brelse(bp, 0);
713 bp = NULL;
714 m_fs = ump->um_e2fs;
715 m_fs->e2fs_ronly = ronly;
717 #ifdef DEBUG_EXT2
718 printf("ext2 ino size %d\n", EXT2_DINODE_SIZE(m_fs));
719 #endif
720 if (ronly == 0) {
721 if (m_fs->e2fs.e2fs_state == E2FS_ISCLEAN)
722 m_fs->e2fs.e2fs_state = 0;
723 else
724 m_fs->e2fs.e2fs_state = E2FS_ERRORS;
725 m_fs->e2fs_fmod = 1;
728 /* compute dynamic sb infos */
729 m_fs->e2fs_ncg =
730 howmany(m_fs->e2fs.e2fs_bcount - m_fs->e2fs.e2fs_first_dblock,
731 m_fs->e2fs.e2fs_bpg);
732 /* XXX assume hw bsize = 512 */
733 m_fs->e2fs_fsbtodb = m_fs->e2fs.e2fs_log_bsize + 1;
734 m_fs->e2fs_bsize = MINBSIZE << m_fs->e2fs.e2fs_log_bsize;
735 m_fs->e2fs_bshift = LOG_MINBSIZE + m_fs->e2fs.e2fs_log_bsize;
736 m_fs->e2fs_qbmask = m_fs->e2fs_bsize - 1;
737 m_fs->e2fs_bmask = ~m_fs->e2fs_qbmask;
738 m_fs->e2fs_ngdb =
739 howmany(m_fs->e2fs_ncg, m_fs->e2fs_bsize / sizeof(struct ext2_gd));
740 m_fs->e2fs_ipb = m_fs->e2fs_bsize / EXT2_DINODE_SIZE(m_fs);
741 m_fs->e2fs_itpg = m_fs->e2fs.e2fs_ipg / m_fs->e2fs_ipb;
743 m_fs->e2fs_gd = malloc(m_fs->e2fs_ngdb * m_fs->e2fs_bsize,
744 M_UFSMNT, M_WAITOK);
745 for (i = 0; i < m_fs->e2fs_ngdb; i++) {
746 error = bread(devvp ,
747 fsbtodb(m_fs, m_fs->e2fs.e2fs_first_dblock +
748 1 /* superblock */ + i),
749 m_fs->e2fs_bsize, NOCRED, 0, &bp);
750 if (error) {
751 free(m_fs->e2fs_gd, M_UFSMNT);
752 goto out;
754 e2fs_cgload((struct ext2_gd *)bp->b_data,
755 &m_fs->e2fs_gd[
756 i * m_fs->e2fs_bsize / sizeof(struct ext2_gd)],
757 m_fs->e2fs_bsize);
758 brelse(bp, 0);
759 bp = NULL;
762 mp->mnt_data = ump;
763 mp->mnt_stat.f_fsidx.__fsid_val[0] = (long)dev;
764 mp->mnt_stat.f_fsidx.__fsid_val[1] = makefstype(MOUNT_EXT2FS);
765 mp->mnt_stat.f_fsid = mp->mnt_stat.f_fsidx.__fsid_val[0];
766 mp->mnt_stat.f_namemax = EXT2FS_MAXNAMLEN;
767 mp->mnt_flag |= MNT_LOCAL;
768 mp->mnt_dev_bshift = DEV_BSHIFT; /* XXX */
769 mp->mnt_fs_bshift = m_fs->e2fs_bshift;
770 mp->mnt_iflag |= IMNT_DTYPE;
771 ump->um_flags = 0;
772 ump->um_mountp = mp;
773 ump->um_dev = dev;
774 ump->um_devvp = devvp;
775 ump->um_nindir = NINDIR(m_fs);
776 ump->um_lognindir = ffs(NINDIR(m_fs)) - 1;
777 ump->um_bptrtodb = m_fs->e2fs_fsbtodb;
778 ump->um_seqinc = 1; /* no frags */
779 ump->um_maxsymlinklen = EXT2_MAXSYMLINKLEN;
780 ump->um_dirblksiz = m_fs->e2fs_bsize;
781 ump->um_maxfilesize = ((uint64_t)0x80000000 * m_fs->e2fs_bsize - 1);
782 devvp->v_specmountpoint = mp;
783 return (0);
785 out:
786 KASSERT(bp != NULL);
787 brelse(bp, 0);
788 if (ump) {
789 free(ump->um_e2fs, M_UFSMNT);
790 free(ump, M_UFSMNT);
791 mp->mnt_data = NULL;
793 return (error);
797 * unmount system call
800 ext2fs_unmount(struct mount *mp, int mntflags)
802 struct ufsmount *ump;
803 struct m_ext2fs *fs;
804 int error, flags;
806 flags = 0;
807 if (mntflags & MNT_FORCE)
808 flags |= FORCECLOSE;
809 if ((error = ext2fs_flushfiles(mp, flags)) != 0)
810 return (error);
811 ump = VFSTOUFS(mp);
812 fs = ump->um_e2fs;
813 if (fs->e2fs_ronly == 0 &&
814 ext2fs_cgupdate(ump, MNT_WAIT) == 0 &&
815 (fs->e2fs.e2fs_state & E2FS_ERRORS) == 0) {
816 fs->e2fs.e2fs_state = E2FS_ISCLEAN;
817 (void) ext2fs_sbupdate(ump, MNT_WAIT);
819 if (ump->um_devvp->v_type != VBAD)
820 ump->um_devvp->v_specmountpoint = NULL;
821 vn_lock(ump->um_devvp, LK_EXCLUSIVE | LK_RETRY);
822 error = VOP_CLOSE(ump->um_devvp, fs->e2fs_ronly ? FREAD : FREAD|FWRITE,
823 NOCRED);
824 vput(ump->um_devvp);
825 free(fs->e2fs_gd, M_UFSMNT);
826 free(fs, M_UFSMNT);
827 free(ump, M_UFSMNT);
828 mp->mnt_data = NULL;
829 mp->mnt_flag &= ~MNT_LOCAL;
830 return (error);
834 * Flush out all the files in a filesystem.
837 ext2fs_flushfiles(struct mount *mp, int flags)
839 extern int doforce;
840 int error;
842 if (!doforce)
843 flags &= ~FORCECLOSE;
844 error = vflush(mp, NULLVP, flags);
845 return (error);
849 * Get file system statistics.
852 ext2fs_statvfs(struct mount *mp, struct statvfs *sbp)
854 struct ufsmount *ump;
855 struct m_ext2fs *fs;
856 uint32_t overhead, overhead_per_group, ngdb;
857 int i, ngroups;
859 ump = VFSTOUFS(mp);
860 fs = ump->um_e2fs;
861 if (fs->e2fs.e2fs_magic != E2FS_MAGIC)
862 panic("ext2fs_statvfs");
865 * Compute the overhead (FS structures)
867 overhead_per_group =
868 1 /* block bitmap */ +
869 1 /* inode bitmap */ +
870 fs->e2fs_itpg;
871 overhead = fs->e2fs.e2fs_first_dblock +
872 fs->e2fs_ncg * overhead_per_group;
873 if (fs->e2fs.e2fs_rev > E2FS_REV0 &&
874 fs->e2fs.e2fs_features_rocompat & EXT2F_ROCOMPAT_SPARSESUPER) {
875 for (i = 0, ngroups = 0; i < fs->e2fs_ncg; i++) {
876 if (cg_has_sb(i))
877 ngroups++;
879 } else {
880 ngroups = fs->e2fs_ncg;
882 ngdb = fs->e2fs_ngdb;
883 if (fs->e2fs.e2fs_rev > E2FS_REV0 &&
884 fs->e2fs.e2fs_features_compat & EXT2F_COMPAT_RESIZE)
885 ngdb += fs->e2fs.e2fs_reserved_ngdb;
886 overhead += ngroups * (1 /* superblock */ + ngdb);
888 sbp->f_bsize = fs->e2fs_bsize;
889 sbp->f_frsize = MINBSIZE << fs->e2fs.e2fs_fsize;
890 sbp->f_iosize = fs->e2fs_bsize;
891 sbp->f_blocks = fs->e2fs.e2fs_bcount - overhead;
892 sbp->f_bfree = fs->e2fs.e2fs_fbcount;
893 sbp->f_bresvd = fs->e2fs.e2fs_rbcount;
894 if (sbp->f_bfree > sbp->f_bresvd)
895 sbp->f_bavail = sbp->f_bfree - sbp->f_bresvd;
896 else
897 sbp->f_bavail = 0;
898 sbp->f_files = fs->e2fs.e2fs_icount;
899 sbp->f_ffree = fs->e2fs.e2fs_ficount;
900 sbp->f_favail = fs->e2fs.e2fs_ficount;
901 sbp->f_fresvd = 0;
902 copy_statvfs_info(sbp, mp);
903 return (0);
907 * Go through the disk queues to initiate sandbagged IO;
908 * go through the inodes to write those that have been modified;
909 * initiate the writing of the super block if it has been modified.
911 * Note: we are always called with the filesystem marked `MPBUSY'.
914 ext2fs_sync(struct mount *mp, int waitfor, kauth_cred_t cred)
916 struct vnode *vp, *mvp;
917 struct inode *ip;
918 struct ufsmount *ump = VFSTOUFS(mp);
919 struct m_ext2fs *fs;
920 int error, allerror = 0;
922 fs = ump->um_e2fs;
923 if (fs->e2fs_fmod != 0 && fs->e2fs_ronly != 0) { /* XXX */
924 printf("fs = %s\n", fs->e2fs_fsmnt);
925 panic("update: rofs mod");
928 /* Allocate a marker vnode. */
929 if ((mvp = vnalloc(mp)) == NULL)
930 return (ENOMEM);
933 * Write back each (modified) inode.
935 mutex_enter(&mntvnode_lock);
936 loop:
938 * NOTE: not using the TAILQ_FOREACH here since in this loop vgone()
939 * and vclean() can be called indirectly
941 for (vp = TAILQ_FIRST(&mp->mnt_vnodelist); vp; vp = vunmark(mvp)) {
942 vmark(mvp, vp);
943 if (vp->v_mount != mp || vismarker(vp))
944 continue;
945 mutex_enter(&vp->v_interlock);
946 ip = VTOI(vp);
947 if (ip == NULL || (vp->v_iflag & (VI_XLOCK|VI_CLEAN)) != 0 ||
948 vp->v_type == VNON ||
949 ((ip->i_flag &
950 (IN_CHANGE | IN_UPDATE | IN_MODIFIED)) == 0 &&
951 LIST_EMPTY(&vp->v_dirtyblkhd) &&
952 UVM_OBJ_IS_CLEAN(&vp->v_uobj)))
954 mutex_exit(&vp->v_interlock);
955 continue;
957 mutex_exit(&mntvnode_lock);
958 error = vget(vp, LK_EXCLUSIVE | LK_NOWAIT | LK_INTERLOCK);
959 if (error) {
960 mutex_enter(&mntvnode_lock);
961 if (error == ENOENT) {
962 mutex_enter(&mntvnode_lock);
963 (void)vunmark(mvp);
964 goto loop;
966 continue;
968 if (vp->v_type == VREG && waitfor == MNT_LAZY)
969 error = ext2fs_update(vp, NULL, NULL, 0);
970 else
971 error = VOP_FSYNC(vp, cred,
972 waitfor == MNT_WAIT ? FSYNC_WAIT : 0, 0, 0);
973 if (error)
974 allerror = error;
975 vput(vp);
976 mutex_enter(&mntvnode_lock);
978 mutex_exit(&mntvnode_lock);
979 vnfree(mvp);
981 * Force stale file system control information to be flushed.
983 if (waitfor != MNT_LAZY) {
984 vn_lock(ump->um_devvp, LK_EXCLUSIVE | LK_RETRY);
985 if ((error = VOP_FSYNC(ump->um_devvp, cred,
986 waitfor == MNT_WAIT ? FSYNC_WAIT : 0, 0, 0)) != 0)
987 allerror = error;
988 VOP_UNLOCK(ump->um_devvp, 0);
991 * Write back modified superblock.
993 if (fs->e2fs_fmod != 0) {
994 fs->e2fs_fmod = 0;
995 fs->e2fs.e2fs_wtime = time_second;
996 if ((error = ext2fs_cgupdate(ump, waitfor)))
997 allerror = error;
999 return (allerror);
1003 * Look up a EXT2FS dinode number to find its incore vnode, otherwise read it
1004 * in from disk. If it is in core, wait for the lock bit to clear, then
1005 * return the inode locked. Detection and handling of mount points must be
1006 * done by the calling routine.
1009 ext2fs_vget(struct mount *mp, ino_t ino, struct vnode **vpp)
1011 struct m_ext2fs *fs;
1012 struct inode *ip;
1013 struct ufsmount *ump;
1014 struct buf *bp;
1015 struct vnode *vp;
1016 dev_t dev;
1017 int error;
1018 void *cp;
1020 ump = VFSTOUFS(mp);
1021 dev = ump->um_dev;
1022 retry:
1023 if ((*vpp = ufs_ihashget(dev, ino, LK_EXCLUSIVE)) != NULL)
1024 return (0);
1026 /* Allocate a new vnode/inode. */
1027 if ((error = getnewvnode(VT_EXT2FS, mp, ext2fs_vnodeop_p, &vp)) != 0) {
1028 *vpp = NULL;
1029 return (error);
1031 ip = pool_get(&ext2fs_inode_pool, PR_WAITOK);
1033 mutex_enter(&ufs_hashlock);
1034 if ((*vpp = ufs_ihashget(dev, ino, 0)) != NULL) {
1035 mutex_exit(&ufs_hashlock);
1036 ungetnewvnode(vp);
1037 pool_put(&ext2fs_inode_pool, ip);
1038 goto retry;
1041 vp->v_vflag |= VV_LOCKSWORK;
1043 memset(ip, 0, sizeof(struct inode));
1044 vp->v_data = ip;
1045 ip->i_vnode = vp;
1046 ip->i_ump = ump;
1047 ip->i_e2fs = fs = ump->um_e2fs;
1048 ip->i_dev = dev;
1049 ip->i_number = ino;
1050 ip->i_e2fs_last_lblk = 0;
1051 ip->i_e2fs_last_blk = 0;
1052 genfs_node_init(vp, &ext2fs_genfsops);
1055 * Put it onto its hash chain and lock it so that other requests for
1056 * this inode will block if they arrive while we are sleeping waiting
1057 * for old data structures to be purged or for the contents of the
1058 * disk portion of this inode to be read.
1061 ufs_ihashins(ip);
1062 mutex_exit(&ufs_hashlock);
1064 /* Read in the disk contents for the inode, copy into the inode. */
1065 error = bread(ump->um_devvp, fsbtodb(fs, ino_to_fsba(fs, ino)),
1066 (int)fs->e2fs_bsize, NOCRED, 0, &bp);
1067 if (error) {
1070 * The inode does not contain anything useful, so it would
1071 * be misleading to leave it on its hash chain. With mode
1072 * still zero, it will be unlinked and returned to the free
1073 * list by vput().
1076 vput(vp);
1077 brelse(bp, 0);
1078 *vpp = NULL;
1079 return (error);
1081 cp = (char *)bp->b_data + (ino_to_fsbo(fs, ino) * EXT2_DINODE_SIZE(fs));
1082 ip->i_din.e2fs_din = pool_get(&ext2fs_dinode_pool, PR_WAITOK);
1083 e2fs_iload((struct ext2fs_dinode *)cp, ip->i_din.e2fs_din);
1084 ext2fs_set_inode_guid(ip);
1085 brelse(bp, 0);
1087 /* If the inode was deleted, reset all fields */
1088 if (ip->i_e2fs_dtime != 0) {
1089 ip->i_e2fs_mode = ip->i_e2fs_nblock = 0;
1090 (void)ext2fs_setsize(ip, 0);
1091 memset(ip->i_e2fs_blocks, 0, sizeof(ip->i_e2fs_blocks));
1095 * Initialize the vnode from the inode, check for aliases.
1098 error = ext2fs_vinit(mp, ext2fs_specop_p, ext2fs_fifoop_p, &vp);
1099 if (error) {
1100 vput(vp);
1101 *vpp = NULL;
1102 return (error);
1105 * Finish inode initialization now that aliasing has been resolved.
1108 ip->i_devvp = ump->um_devvp;
1109 VREF(ip->i_devvp);
1112 * Set up a generation number for this inode if it does not
1113 * already have one. This should only happen on old filesystems.
1116 if (ip->i_e2fs_gen == 0) {
1117 if (++ext2gennumber < (u_long)time_second)
1118 ext2gennumber = time_second;
1119 ip->i_e2fs_gen = ext2gennumber;
1120 if ((vp->v_mount->mnt_flag & MNT_RDONLY) == 0)
1121 ip->i_flag |= IN_MODIFIED;
1123 uvm_vnp_setsize(vp, ext2fs_size(ip));
1124 *vpp = vp;
1125 return (0);
1129 * File handle to vnode
1131 * Have to be really careful about stale file handles:
1132 * - check that the inode number is valid
1133 * - call ext2fs_vget() to get the locked inode
1134 * - check for an unallocated inode (i_mode == 0)
1137 ext2fs_fhtovp(struct mount *mp, struct fid *fhp, struct vnode **vpp)
1139 struct inode *ip;
1140 struct vnode *nvp;
1141 int error;
1142 struct ufid ufh;
1143 struct m_ext2fs *fs;
1145 if (fhp->fid_len != sizeof(struct ufid))
1146 return EINVAL;
1148 memcpy(&ufh, fhp, sizeof(struct ufid));
1149 fs = VFSTOUFS(mp)->um_e2fs;
1150 if ((ufh.ufid_ino < EXT2_FIRSTINO && ufh.ufid_ino != EXT2_ROOTINO) ||
1151 ufh.ufid_ino >= fs->e2fs_ncg * fs->e2fs.e2fs_ipg)
1152 return (ESTALE);
1154 if ((error = VFS_VGET(mp, ufh.ufid_ino, &nvp)) != 0) {
1155 *vpp = NULLVP;
1156 return (error);
1158 ip = VTOI(nvp);
1159 if (ip->i_e2fs_mode == 0 || ip->i_e2fs_dtime != 0 ||
1160 ip->i_e2fs_gen != ufh.ufid_gen) {
1161 vput(nvp);
1162 *vpp = NULLVP;
1163 return (ESTALE);
1165 *vpp = nvp;
1166 return (0);
1170 * Vnode pointer to File handle
1172 /* ARGSUSED */
1174 ext2fs_vptofh(struct vnode *vp, struct fid *fhp, size_t *fh_size)
1176 struct inode *ip;
1177 struct ufid ufh;
1179 if (*fh_size < sizeof(struct ufid)) {
1180 *fh_size = sizeof(struct ufid);
1181 return E2BIG;
1183 *fh_size = sizeof(struct ufid);
1185 ip = VTOI(vp);
1186 memset(&ufh, 0, sizeof(ufh));
1187 ufh.ufid_len = sizeof(struct ufid);
1188 ufh.ufid_ino = ip->i_number;
1189 ufh.ufid_gen = ip->i_e2fs_gen;
1190 memcpy(fhp, &ufh, sizeof(ufh));
1191 return (0);
1195 * Write a superblock and associated information back to disk.
1198 ext2fs_sbupdate(struct ufsmount *mp, int waitfor)
1200 struct m_ext2fs *fs = mp->um_e2fs;
1201 struct buf *bp;
1202 int error = 0;
1204 bp = getblk(mp->um_devvp, SBLOCK, SBSIZE, 0, 0);
1205 e2fs_sbsave(&fs->e2fs, (struct ext2fs*)bp->b_data);
1206 if (waitfor == MNT_WAIT)
1207 error = bwrite(bp);
1208 else
1209 bawrite(bp);
1210 return (error);
1214 ext2fs_cgupdate(struct ufsmount *mp, int waitfor)
1216 struct m_ext2fs *fs = mp->um_e2fs;
1217 struct buf *bp;
1218 int i, error = 0, allerror = 0;
1220 allerror = ext2fs_sbupdate(mp, waitfor);
1221 for (i = 0; i < fs->e2fs_ngdb; i++) {
1222 bp = getblk(mp->um_devvp, fsbtodb(fs,
1223 fs->e2fs.e2fs_first_dblock +
1224 1 /* superblock */ + i), fs->e2fs_bsize, 0, 0);
1225 e2fs_cgsave(&fs->e2fs_gd[
1226 i * fs->e2fs_bsize / sizeof(struct ext2_gd)],
1227 (struct ext2_gd *)bp->b_data, fs->e2fs_bsize);
1228 if (waitfor == MNT_WAIT)
1229 error = bwrite(bp);
1230 else
1231 bawrite(bp);
1234 if (!allerror && error)
1235 allerror = error;
1236 return (allerror);
1239 static int
1240 ext2fs_checksb(struct ext2fs *fs, int ronly)
1243 if (fs2h16(fs->e2fs_magic) != E2FS_MAGIC) {
1244 return (EINVAL); /* XXX needs translation */
1246 if (fs2h32(fs->e2fs_rev) > E2FS_REV1) {
1247 #ifdef DIAGNOSTIC
1248 printf("Ext2 fs: unsupported revision number: %x\n",
1249 fs2h32(fs->e2fs_rev));
1250 #endif
1251 return (EINVAL); /* XXX needs translation */
1253 if (fs2h32(fs->e2fs_log_bsize) > 2) { /* block size = 1024|2048|4096 */
1254 #ifdef DIAGNOSTIC
1255 printf("Ext2 fs: bad block size: %d "
1256 "(expected <= 2 for ext2 fs)\n",
1257 fs2h32(fs->e2fs_log_bsize));
1258 #endif
1259 return (EINVAL); /* XXX needs translation */
1261 if (fs2h32(fs->e2fs_rev) > E2FS_REV0) {
1262 if (fs2h32(fs->e2fs_first_ino) != EXT2_FIRSTINO) {
1263 printf("Ext2 fs: unsupported first inode position\n");
1264 return (EINVAL); /* XXX needs translation */
1266 if (fs2h32(fs->e2fs_features_incompat) &
1267 ~EXT2F_INCOMPAT_SUPP) {
1268 printf("Ext2 fs: unsupported optional feature\n");
1269 return (EINVAL); /* XXX needs translation */
1271 if (!ronly && fs2h32(fs->e2fs_features_rocompat) &
1272 ~EXT2F_ROCOMPAT_SUPP) {
1273 return (EROFS); /* XXX needs translation */
1276 return (0);