3 * Added c99 data-type compliance.
4 * Added general x86-64 support.
5 * Added win64 (x86-64 COFF) output format.
6 * Added __BITS__ standard macro.
7 * Renamed the elf output format to elf32 for clarity.
8 * Added elf64 and macho (MacOS X) output formats.
9 * Added Numeric constants in DQ directive.
10 * Added oword, do and reso pseudo operands.
11 * Allow underscores in numbers.
12 * Added 8-, 16- and 128-bit floating-point formats.
13 * Added binary, octal and hexadecimal floating-point.
14 * Correct the generation of floating-point constants.
15 * Added Floating-point option control.
16 * Added Infinity and NaN floating point support.
17 * Added ELF Symbol Visibility support.
18 * Added Setting OSABI value in ELF header directive.
19 * Added Generate Makefile Dependencies option.
20 * Added Unlimited Optimization Passes option.
21 * Added %IFN and %ELIFN support.
22 * Added Logical Negation Operator.
23 * Enhanced Stack Relative Preprocessor Directives.
24 * Enhanced ELF Debug Formats.
25 * Enhanced Send Errors to a File option.
26 * Added SSSE3, SSE4.1, SSE4.2, SSE5 support.
27 * Added a large number of additional instructions.
28 * Significant performance improvements.
33 * fix outas86's .bss handling
34 * "make spotless" no longer deletes config.h.in.
35 * %(el)if(n)idn insensitivity to string quotes difference (#809300).
36 * (nasm.c) __OUTPUT_FORMAT__ changed to string value instead of symbol.
40 * Add Makefile for 16-bit DOS binaries under OpenWatcom, and modify
41 mkdep.pl to be able to generate completely pathless dependencies, as
42 required by OpenWatcom wmake (it supports path searches, but not
44 * Fix the STR instruction.
45 * Fix the ELF output format, which was broken under certain
46 circumstances due to the addition of stabs support.
47 * Quick-fix Borland format debug-info for -f obj
48 * Fix for %rep with no arguments (#560568)
49 * Fix concatenation of preprocessor function call (#794686)
50 * Fix long label causes coredump (#677841)
51 * Use autoheader as well as autoconf to keep configure from generating
52 ridiculously long command lines.
53 * Make sure that all of the formats which support debugging output
54 actually will suppress debugging output when -g not specified.
58 * Paths given in "-I" switch searched for "incbin"ed as
59 well as "%include"ed files.
60 * Added stabs debugging for the ELF output format, patch from
62 * Fix output/outbin.c to allow origin > 80000000h.
63 * Make -U switch work.
64 * Fix the use of relative offsets with explicit prefixes, e.g. "a32 loop foo".
65 * Remove "backslash()".
66 * Fix the SMSW and SLDT instructions.
67 * -O2 and -O3 are no longer aliases for -O10 and -O15. If you mean the
68 latter, please say so! :)
72 * Update rdoff - librarian/archiver - common rec - docs!
73 * Fix signed/unsigned problems.
74 * Fix JMP FAR label and CALL FAR label.
75 * Add new multisection support - map files - fix align bug
76 * Fix sysexit, movhps/movlps reg,reg bugs in insns.dat
77 * "Q" or "O" suffixes indicate octal
78 * Support Prescott new instructions (PNI).
79 * Cyrix XSTORE instruction.
83 * Fix build failure on 16-bit DOS (Makefile.bc3 workaround for compiler bug.)
84 * Fix dependencies and compiler warnings.
85 * Add "const" in a number of places.
86 * Add -X option to specify error reporting format (use -Xvc to
87 integrate with Microsoft Visual Studio.)
88 * Minor changes for code legibility.
89 * Drop use of tmpnam() in rdoff (security fix.)
93 * Correct additional address-size vs. operand-size confusions.
94 * Generate dependencies for all Makefiles automatically.
95 * Add support for unimplemented (but theoretically available)
96 registers such as tr0 and cr5. Segment registers 6 and 7 are called
97 segr6 and segr7 for the operations which they can be represented.
98 * Correct some disassembler bugs related to redundant address-size prefixes.
99 Some work still remains in this area.
100 * Correctly generate an error for things like "SEG eax".
101 * Add the JMPE instruction, enabled by "CPU IA64".
102 * Correct compilation on newer gcc/glibc platforms.
103 * Issue an error on things like "jmp far eax".
109 * New __NASM_PATCHLEVEL__ and __NASM_VERSION_ID__ standard macros to
110 round out the version-query macros. version.pl now understands
111 X.YYplWW or X.YY.ZZplWW as a version number, equivalent to
112 X.YY.ZZ.WW (or X.YY.0.WW, as appropriate).
113 * New keyword "strict" to disable the optimization of specific
115 * Fix the handing of size overrides with JMP instructions
116 (instructions such as "jmp dword foo".)
117 * Fix the handling of "ABSOLUTE label", where "label" points into a
119 * Fix OBJ output format with lots of externs.
120 * More documentation updates.
121 * Add -Ov option to get verbose information about optimizations.
122 * Undo a braindead change which broke %elif directives.
129 * Fix NASM crashing when %macro directives were left unterminated.
130 * Lots of documentation updates.
131 * Complete rewrite of the PostScript/PDF documentation generator.
132 * The MS Visual C++ Makefile was updated and corrected.
133 * Recognize .rodata as a standard section name in ELF.
134 * Fix some obsolete Perl4-isms in Perl scripts.
135 * Fix configure.in to work with autoconf 2.5x.
136 * Fix a couple of "make cleaner" misses.
137 * Make the normal "./configure && make" work with Cygwin.
143 * Correctly build in a separate object directory again.
144 * Derive all references to the version number from the version file.
145 * New standard macros __NASM_SUBMINOR__ and __NASM_VER__ macros.
146 * Lots of Makefile updates and bug fixes.
147 * New %ifmacro directive to test for multiline macros.
148 * Documentation updates.
149 * Fixes for 16-bit OBJ format output.
150 * Changed the NASM environment variable to NASMENV.
156 * Changed doc files a lot: completely removed old READMExx and
157 Wishlist files, incorporating all information in CHANGES and TODO.
158 * I waited a long time to rename zoutieee.c to (original) outieee.c
159 * moved all output modules to output/ subdirectory.
160 * Added 'make strip' target to strip debug info from nasm & ndisasm.
161 * Added INSTALL file with installation instructions.
162 * Added -v option description to nasm man.
163 * Added dist makefile target to produce source distributions.
164 * 16-bit support for ELF output format (GNU extension, but useful.)
170 * Fastcooked this for Debian's Woody release:
171 Frank applied the INCBIN bug patch to 0.98.25alt and called
172 it 0.98.28 to not confuse poor little apt-get.
178 * Reorganised files even better from 0.98.25alt
184 * Prettified the source tree. Moved files to more reasonable places.
185 * Added findleak.pl script to misc/ directory.
186 * Attempted to fix doc.
191 * Line continuation character '\'
192 * Docs inadvertantly reverted - "dos packaging".
198 * FIXME: Someone, document this please.
204 * Documentation - Ndisasm doc added to Nasm.doc.
210 * Attempted to remove rdoff version1
211 * Lino Mastrodomenico's patches to preproc.c (%$$ bug?).
217 * Update rdoff2 - attempt to remove v1.
223 * Optimization fixes.
229 * Optimization fixes.
235 * H. J. Lu's patch back out.
241 * Added ".rdata" to "-f win32".
247 * H. J. Lu's "bogus elf" patch. (Red Hat problem?)
253 * Fix whitespace before "[section ..." bug.
259 * Fix fixes to memory leaks.
265 * (there was no '.13)
270 * Update optimization (new function of "-O1")
271 * Changes to test/bintest.asm (?).
276 * Optimization changes.
278 * (there was no '.10)
283 * Add multiple sections support to "-f bin".
284 * Changed GLOBAL_TEMP_BASE in outelf.c from 6 to 15.
285 * Add "-v" as an alias to the "-r" switch.
286 * Remove "#ifdef" from Tasm compatibility options.
287 * Remove redundant size-overrides on "mov ds, ex", etc.
288 * Fixes to SSE2, other insns.dat (?).
289 * Enable uppercase "I" and "P" switches.
290 * Case insinsitive "seg" and "wrt".
291 * Update install.sh (?).
292 * Allocate tokens in blocks.
293 * Improve "invalid effective address" messages.
298 * Add "%strlen" and "%substr" macro operators
299 * Fixed broken c16.mac.
300 * Unterminated string error reported.
301 * Fixed bugs as per 0.98bf
304 0.98.09b with John Coffman patches released 28-Oct-2001
305 -------------------------------------------------------
307 Changes from 0.98.07 release to 98.09b as of 28-Oct-2001
309 * More closely compatible with 0.98 when -O0 is implied
310 or specified. Not strictly identical, since backward
311 branches in range of short offsets are recognized, and signed
312 byte values with no explicit size specification will be
313 assembled as a single byte.
315 * More forgiving with the PUSH instruction. 0.98 requires
316 a size to be specified always. 0.98.09b will imply the size
317 from the current BITS setting (16 or 32).
319 * Changed definition of the optimization flag:
321 -O0 strict two-pass assembly, JMP and Jcc are
322 handled more like 0.98, except that back-
323 ward JMPs are short, if possible.
325 -O1 strict two-pass assembly, but forward
326 branches are assembled with code guaranteed
327 to reach; may produce larger code than
328 -O0, but will produce successful assembly
329 more often if branch offset sizes are not
332 -O2 multi-pass optimization, minimize branch
333 offsets; also will minimize signed immed-
334 iate bytes, overriding size specification.
336 -O3 like -O2, but more passes taken, if needed
339 0.98.07 released 01/28/01
340 -------------------------
342 * Added Stepane Denis' SSE2 instructions to a *working*
343 version of the code - some earlier versions were based on
344 broken code - sorry 'bout that. version "0.98.07"
350 * Cosmetic modifications to nasm.c, nasm.h,
354 0.98.06f released 01/18/01
355 --------------------------
357 * - Add "metalbrain"s jecxz bug fix in insns.dat
358 - alter nasmdoc.src to match - version "0.98.06f"
361 0.98.06e released 01/09/01
362 --------------------------
364 * Removed the "outforms.h" file - it appears to be
365 someone's old backup of "outform.h". version "0.98.06e"
371 * fbk - finally added the fix for the "multiple %includes bug",
372 known since 7/27/99 - reported originally (?) and sent to
373 us by Austin Lunnen - he reports that John Fine had a fix
374 within the day. Here it is...
376 * Nelson Rush resigns from the group. Big thanks to Nelson for
377 his leadership and enthusiasm in getting these changes
378 incorporated into Nasm!
380 * fbk - [list +], [list -] directives - ineptly implemented, should
381 be re-written or removed, perhaps.
383 * Brian Raiter / fbk - "elfso bug" fix - applied to aoutb format
384 as well - testing might be desirable...
390 * James Seter - -postfix, -prefix command line switches.
391 * Yuri Zaporogets - rdoff utility changes.
397 * GAS-like palign (Panos Minos)
398 * FIXME: Someone, fill this in with details
402 ----------------------------------
404 * Fixed - elf and aoutb bug - shared libraries
405 - multiple "%include" bug in "-f obj"
407 - unrecognized option bug in ndisasm
409 0.98.03 with John Coffman's changes released 27-Jul-2000
410 --------------------------------------------------------
412 * Added signed byte optimizations for the 0x81/0x83 class
413 of instructions: ADC, ADD, AND, CMP, OR, SBB, SUB, XOR:
414 when used as 'ADD reg16,imm' or 'ADD reg32,imm.' Also
415 optimization of signed byte form of 'PUSH imm' and 'IMUL
416 reg,imm'/'IMUL reg,reg,imm.' No size specification is needed.
418 * Added multi-pass JMP and Jcc offset optimization. Offsets
419 on forward references will preferentially use the short form,
420 without the need to code a specific size (short or near) for
421 the branch. Added instructions for 'Jcc label' to use the
422 form 'Jnotcc $+3/JMP label', in cases where a short offset
423 is out of bounds. If compiling for a 386 or higher CPU, then
424 the 386 form of Jcc will be used instead.
426 This feature is controlled by a new command-line switch: "O",
427 (upper case letter O). "-O0" reverts the assembler to no
428 extra optimization passes, "-O1" allows up to 5 extra passes,
429 and "-O2"(default), allows up to 10 extra optimization passes.
431 * Added a new directive: 'cpu XXX', where XXX is any of:
432 8086, 186, 286, 386, 486, 586, pentium, 686, PPro, P2, P3 or
433 Katmai. All are case insensitive. All instructions will
434 be selected only if they apply to the selected cpu or lower.
435 Corrected a couple of bugs in cpu-dependence in 'insns.dat'.
437 * Added to 'standard.mac', the "use16" and "use32" forms of
438 the "bits 16/32" directive. This is nothing new, just conforms
439 to a lot of other assemblers. (minor)
441 * Changed label allocation from 320/32 (10000 labels @ 200K+)
442 to 32/37 (1000 labels); makes running under DOS much easier.
443 Since additional label space is allocated dynamically, this
444 should have no effect on large programs with lots of labels.
445 The 37 is a prime, believed to be better for hashing. (minor)
447 * Integrated patchfile 0.98-0.98.01. I call this version
448 0.98.03, for historical reasons: 0.98.02 was trashed.
450 --John Coffman <johninsd@san.rr.com> 27-Jul-2000
453 Kendall Bennett's SciTech MGL changes
454 -------------------------------------
455 Note that you must define "TASM_COMPAT" at compile-time
456 to get the Tasm Ideal Mode compatibility.
458 All changes can be compiled in and out using the TASM_COMPAT macros,
459 and when compiled without TASM_COMPAT defined we get the exact same
460 binary as the unmodified 0.98 sources.
462 standard.mac, macros.c:
463 . Added macros to ignore TASM directives before first include
466 . Added extern declaration for tasm_compatible_mode
469 . Added global variable tasm_compatible_mode
470 . Added command line switch for TASM compatible mode (-t)
471 . Changed version command line to reflect when compiled with TASM additions
472 . Added response file processing to allow all arguments on a single
473 line (response file is @resp rather than -@resp for NASM format).
476 . Changes islocal() macro to support TASM style @@local labels.
477 . Added islocalchar() macro to support TASM style @@local labels.
480 . Added support for TASM style memory references (ie: mov [DWORD eax],10
481 rather than the NASM style mov DWORD [eax],10).
484 . Added new directives, %arg, %local, %stacksize to directives table
485 . Added support for TASM style directives without a leading % symbol.
487 Integrated a block of changes from Andrew Zabolotny <bit@eltech.ru>:
489 * A new keyword %xdefine and its case-insensitive counterpart %ixdefine.
490 They work almost the same way as %define and %idefine but expand
491 the definition immediately, not on the invocation. Something like a cross
492 between %define and %assign. The "x" suffix stands for "eXpand", so
493 "xdefine" can be deciphered as "expand-and-define". Thus you can do
499 %xdefine %1 dword [esp+ofs]
503 * Changed the place where the expansion of %$name macros are expanded.
504 Now they are converted into ..@ctxnum.name form when detokenizing, so
505 there are no quirks as before when using %$name arguments to macros,
506 in macros etc. For example:
515 Now last line will be expanded into "hello" as expected. This also allows
516 for lots of goodies, a good example are extended "proc" macros included
519 * Added a check for "cstk" in smacro_defined() before calling get_ctx() -
520 this allows for things like:
525 to work without warnings even in no context.
527 * Added a check for "cstk" in %if*ctx and %elif*ctx directives -
528 this allows to use %ifctx without excessive warnings. If there is
529 no active context, %ifctx goes through "false" branch.
531 * Removed "user error: " prefix with %error directive: it just clobbers the
532 output and has absolutely no functionality. Besides, this allows to write
533 macros that does not differ from built-in functions in any way.
535 * Added expansion of string that is output by %error directive. Now you
538 %define hello(x) Hello, x!
541 %error "hello(%$name)"
543 Same happened with %include directive.
545 * Now all directives that expect an identifier will try to expand and
546 concatenate everything without whitespaces in between before usage.
547 For example, with "unfixed" nasm the commands
550 %define __%$abc goodbye
553 would produce "incorrect" output: last line will expand to
557 Not quite what you expected, eh? :-) The answer is that preprocessor
558 treats the %define construct as if it would be
560 %define __ %$abc goodbye
562 (note the white space between __ and %$abc). After my "fix" it
563 will "correctly" expand into
567 as expected. Note that I use quotes around words "correct", "incorrect"
568 etc because this is rather a feature not a bug; however current behaviour
569 is more logical (and allows more advanced macro usage :-).
571 Same change was applied to:
572 %push,%macro,%imacro,%define,%idefine,%xdefine,%ixdefine,
573 %assign,%iassign,%undef
575 * A new directive [WARNING {+|-}warning-id] have been added. It works only
576 if the assembly phase is enabled (i.e. it doesn't work with nasm -e).
578 * A new warning type: macro-selfref. By default this warning is disabled;
579 when enabled NASM warns when a macro self-references itself; for example
580 the following source:
582 [WARNING macro-selfref]
593 will produce a warning, but if we remove the first line we won't see it
594 anymore (which is The Right Thing To Do {tm} IMHO since C preprocessor
595 eats such constructs without warnings at all).
597 * Added a "error" routine to preprocessor which always will set ERR_PASS1
598 bit in severity_code. This removes annoying repeated errors on first
599 and second passes from preprocessor.
601 * Added the %+ operator in single-line macros for concatenating two
602 identifiers. Usage example:
604 %define _myfunc _otherfunc
605 %define cextern(x) _ %+ x
608 After first expansion, third line will become "_myfunc". After this
609 expansion is performed again so it becomes "_otherunc".
611 * Now if preprocessor is in a non-emmitting state, no warning or error
612 will be emmitted. Example:
617 put anything you want between these two brackets,
618 even macro-parameter references %1 or local labels %$zz
619 or macro-local labels %%zz - no warning will be emmitted.
622 * Context-local variables on expansion as a last resort are looked up
623 in outer contexts. For example, the following piece:
633 will expand correctly the fourth line to [esp]; if we'll define another
634 %$a inside the "inner" context, it will take precedence over outer
635 definition. However, this modification has been applied only to
636 expand_smacro and not to smacro_define: as a consequence expansion
637 looks in outer contexts, but %ifdef won't look in outer contexts.
639 This behaviour is needed because we don't want nested contexts to
640 act on already defined local macros. Example:
642 %define %$arg1 [esp+4]
648 In this example the "if" mmacro enters into the "if" context, so %$arg1
649 is not valid anymore inside "if". Of course it could be worked around
650 by using explicitely %$$arg1 but this is ugly IMHO.
652 * Fixed memory leak in %undef. The origline wasn't freed before
655 * Fixed trap in preprocessor when line expanded to empty set of tokens.
656 This happens, for example, in the following case:
665 All changes since NASM 0.98p3 have been produced by H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>.
667 * The documentation comment delimiter is \# not #.
668 * Allow EQU definitions to refer to external labels; reported by
670 * Re-enable support for RDOFF v1; reported by Pedro Gimeno.
671 * Updated License file per OK from Simon and Julian.
677 * Update documentation (although the instruction set reference will
678 have to wait; I don't want to hold up the 0.98 release for it.)
679 * Verified that the NASM implementation of the PEXTRW and PMOVMSKB
680 instructions is correct. The encoding differs from what the Intel
681 manuals document, but the Pentium III behaviour matches NASM, not
683 * Fix handling of implicit sizes in PSHUFW and PINSRW, reported by
685 * Resurrect the -s option, which was removed when changing the
686 diagnostic output to stdout.
692 * Fix for "DB" when NASM is running on a bigendian machine.
693 * Invoke insns.pl once for each output script, making Makefile.in
695 * Improve the Unix configure-based makefiles to make package
697 * Included an RPM .spec file for building RPM (RedHat Package Manager)
698 packages on Linux or Unix systems.
699 * Fix Makefile dependency problems.
700 * Change src/rdsrc.pl to include sectioning information in info
701 output; required for install-info to work.
702 * Updated the RDOFF distribution to version 2 from Jules; minor
703 massaging to make it compile in my environment.
704 * Split doc files that can be built by anyone with a Perl interpreter off
705 into a separate archive.
706 * "Dress rehearsal" release!
712 * Fixed opcodes with a third byte-sized immediate argument to not
713 complain if given "byte" on the immediate.
714 * Allow %undef to remove single-line macros with arguments. This
715 matches the behaviour of #undef in the C preprocessor.
716 * Allow -d, -u, -i and -p to be specified as -D, -U, -I and -P for
717 compatibility with most C compilers and preprocessors. This allows
718 Makefile options to be shared between cc and nasm, for example.
720 * Went through the list of Katmai instructions and hopefully fixed the
721 (rather few) mistakes in it.
722 * (Hopefully) fixed a number of disassembler bugs related to ambiguous
723 instructions (disambiguated by -p) and SSE instructions with REP.
724 * Fix for bug reported by Mark Junger: "call dword 0x12345678" should
725 work and may add an OSP (affected CALL, JMP, Jcc).
726 * Fix for environments when "stderr" isn't a compile-time constant.
732 * Took officially over coordination of the 0.98 release; so drop
733 the p3.x notation. Skipped p4 and p5 to avoid confusion with John
734 Fine's J4 and J5 releases.
735 * Update the documentation; however, it still doesn't include
736 documentation for the various new instructions. I somehow wonder if
737 it makes sense to have an instruction set reference in the assembler
738 manual when Intel et al have PDF versions of their manuals online.
739 * Recognize "idt" or "centaur" for the -p option to ndisasm.
740 * Changed error messages back to stderr where they belong, but add an
741 -E option to redirect them elsewhere (the DOS shell cannot redirect
743 * -M option to generate Makefile dependencies (based on code from Alex
745 * %undef preprocessor directive, and -u option, that undefines a
747 * OS/2 Makefile (Mkfiles/Makefile.os2) for Borland under OS/2; from
749 * Various minor bugfixes (reported by):
750 - Dangling %s in preproc.c (Martin Junker)
751 * THERE ARE KNOWN BUGS IN SSE AND THE OTHER KATMAI INSTRUCTIONS. I am
752 on a trip and didn't bring the Katmai instruction reference, so I
753 can't work on them right now.
754 * Updated the License file per agreement with Simon and Jules to
755 include a GPL distribution clause.
761 * (Hopefully) fixed the canned Makefiles to include the outrdf2 and
763 * Renamed changes.asm to changed.asm.
769 * Fixed a bunch of instructions that were added in 0.98p3.5 which had
770 memory operands, and the address-size prefix was missing from the
777 * Merged in changes from John S. Fine's 0.98-J5 release. John's based
778 0.98-J5 on my 0.98p3.3 release; this merges the changes.
779 * Expanded the instructions flag field to a long so we can fit more
780 flags; mark SSE (KNI) and AMD or Katmai-specific instructions as
782 * Fix the "PRIV" flag on a bunch of instructions, and create new
783 "PROT" flag for protected-mode-only instructions (orthogonal to if
784 the instruction is privileged!) and new "SMM" flag for SMM-only
786 * Added AMD-only SYSCALL and SYSRET instructions.
787 * Make SSE actually work, and add new Katmai MMX instructions.
788 * Added a -p (preferred vendor) option to ndisasm so that it can
789 distinguish e.g. Cyrix opcodes also used in SSE. For example:
791 ndisasm -p cyrix aliased.bin
792 00000000 670F514310 paddsiw mm0,[ebx+0x10]
793 00000005 670F514320 paddsiw mm0,[ebx+0x20]
794 ndisasm -p intel aliased.bin
795 00000000 670F514310 sqrtps xmm0,[ebx+0x10]
796 00000005 670F514320 sqrtps xmm0,[ebx+0x20]
797 * Added a bunch of Cyrix-specific instructions.
803 * Made at least an attempt to modify all the additional Makefiles (in
804 the Mkfiles directory). I can't test it, but this was the best I
806 * DOS DJGPP+"Opus Make" Makefile from John S. Fine.
807 * changes.asm changes from John S. Fine.
813 * Patch from Conan Brink to allow nesting of %rep directives.
814 * If we're going to allow INT01 as an alias for INT1/ICEBP (one of
815 Jules 0.98p3 changes), then we should allow INT03 as an alias for INT3
817 * Updated changes.asm to include the latest changes.
818 * Tried to clean up the <CR>s that had snuck in from a DOS/Windows
819 environment into my Unix environment, and try to make sure than
820 DOS/Windows users get them back.
821 * We would silently generate broken tools if insns.dat wasn't sorted
822 properly. Change insns.pl so that the order doesn't matter.
823 * Fix bug in insns.pl (introduced by me) which would cause conditional
824 instructions to have an extra "cc" in disassembly, e.g. "jnz"
825 disassembled as "jccnz".
831 * Merged in John S. Fine's changes from his 0.98-J4 prerelease; see
832 http://www.csoft.net/cz/johnfine/
833 * Changed previous "spotless" Makefile target (appropriate for distribution)
834 to "distclean", and added "cleaner" target which is same as "clean"
835 except deletes files generated by Perl scripts; "spotless" is union.
836 * Removed BASIC programs from distribution. Get a Perl interpreter
838 * Calling this "pre-release 3.2" rather than "p3-hpa2" because of
839 John's contributions.
840 * Actually link in the IEEE output format (zoutieee.c); fix a bunch of
841 compiler warnings in that file. Note I don't know what IEEE output
842 is supposed to look like, so these changes were made "blind".
848 * Merged nasm098p3.zip with nasm-0.97.tar.gz to create a fully
849 buildable version for Unix systems (Makefile.in updates, etc.)
850 * Changed insns.pl to create the instruction tables in nasm.h and
851 names.c, so that a new instruction can be added by adding it *only*
853 * Added the following new instructions: SYSENTER, SYSEXIT, FXSAVE,
854 FXRSTOR, UD1, UD2 (the latter two are two opcodes that Intel
855 guarantee will never be used; one of them is documented as UD2 in
856 Intel documentation, the other one just as "Undefined Opcode" --
857 calling it UD1 seemed to make sense.)
858 * MAX_SYMBOL was defined to be 9, but LOADALL286 and LOADALL386 are 10
859 characters long. Now MAX_SYMBOL is derived from insns.dat.
860 * A note on the BASIC programs included: forget them. insns.bas is
861 already out of date. Get yourself a Perl interpreter for your
862 platform of choice at:
864 http://www.cpan.org/ports/index.html
870 added response file support, improved command line handling, new layout
873 fixed limit checking bug, 'OUT byte nn, reg' bug, and a couple of rdoff
874 related bugs, updated Wishlist; 0.98 Prerelease 3.
880 fixed bug in outcoff.c to do with truncating section names longer
881 than 8 characters, referencing beyond end of string; 0.98 pre-release 2
884 0.98 pre-released May 1999
885 --------------------------
887 Fixed a bug whereby STRUC didn't work at all in RDF.
889 Fixed a problem with group specification in PUBDEFs in OBJ.
891 Improved ease of adding new output formats. Contribution due to
894 Fixed a bug in relocations in the `bin' format: was showing up when
895 a relocatable reference crossed an 8192-byte boundary in any output
898 Fixed a bug in local labels: local-label lookups were inconsistent
899 between passes one and two if an EQU occurred between the definition
900 of a global label and the subsequent use of a local label local to
903 Fixed a seg-fault in the preprocessor (again) which happened when
904 you use a blank line as the first line of a multi-line macro
905 definition and then defined a label on the same line as a call to
908 Fixed a stale-pointer bug in the handling of the NASM environment
909 variable. Thanks to Thomas McWilliams.
911 ELF had a hard limit on the number of sections which caused
912 segfaults when transgressed. Fixed.
914 Added ability for ndisasm to read from stdin by using `-' as the
917 ndisasm wasn't outputting the TO keyword. Fixed.
919 Fixed error cascade on bogus expression in %if - an error in
920 evaluation was causing the entire %if to be discarded, thus creating
921 trouble later when the %else or %endif was encountered.
923 Forward reference tracking was instruction-granular not operand-
924 granular, which was causing 286-specific code to be generated
925 needlessly on code of the form `shr word [forwardref],1'. Thanks to
926 Jim Hague for sending a patch.
928 All messages now appear on stdout, as sending them to stderr serves
929 no useful purpose other than to make redirection difficult.
931 Fixed the problem with EQUs pointing to an external symbol - this
932 now generates an error message.
934 Allowed multiple size prefixes to an operand, of which only the first
935 is taken into account.
937 Incorporated John Fine's changes, including fixes of a large number
938 of preprocessor bugs, some small problems in OBJ, and a reworking of
939 label handling to define labels before their line is assembled, rather
942 Reformatted a lot of the source code to be more readable. Included
943 'coding.txt' as a guideline for how to format code for contributors.
945 Stopped nested %reps causing a panic - they now cause a slightly more
946 friendly error message instead.
948 Fixed floating point constant problems (patch by Pedro Gimeno)
950 Fixed the return value of insn_size() not being checked for -1, indicating
953 Incorporated 3D now instructions.
955 Fixed the 'mov eax, eax + ebx' bug.
957 Fixed the GLOBAL EQU bug in ELF. Released developers release 3.
959 Incorporated John Fine's command line parsing changes
961 Incorporated David Lindauer's OMF debug support
963 Made changes for LCC 4.0 support (__NASM_CDecl__, removed register size
964 specification warning when sizes agree).
966 Released NASM 0.98 Pre-release 1
969 0.97 released December 1997
970 ---------------------------
972 This was entirely a bug-fix release to 0.96, which seems to have got
975 Fixed stupid mistake in OBJ which caused `MOV EAX,<constant>' to
976 fail. Caused by an error in the `MOV EAX,<segment>' support.
978 ndisasm hung at EOF when compiled with lcc on Linux because lcc on
979 Linux somehow breaks feof(). ndisasm now does not rely on feof().
981 A heading in the documentation was missing due to a markup error in
984 Fixed failure to update all pointers on realloc() within extended-
985 operand code in parser.c. Was causing wrong behaviour and seg faults
986 on lines such as `dd 0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,...'
988 Fixed a subtle preprocessor bug whereby invoking one multi-line
989 macro on the first line of the expansion of another, when the second
990 had been invoked with a label defined before it, didn't expand the
993 Added internal.doc back in to the distribution archives - it was
994 missing in 0.96 *blush*
996 Fixed bug causing 0.96 to be unable to assemble its own test files,
997 specifically objtest.asm. *blush again*
999 Fixed seg-faults and bogus error messages caused by mismatching
1000 %rep and %endrep within multi-line macro definitions.
1002 Fixed a problem with buffer overrun in OBJ, which was causing
1003 corruption at ends of long PUBDEF records.
1005 Separated DOS archives into main-program and documentation to reduce
1009 0.96 released November 1997
1010 ---------------------------
1012 Fixed a bug whereby, if `nasm sourcefile' would cause a filename
1013 collision warning and put output into `nasm.out', then `nasm
1014 sourcefile -o outputfile' still gave the warning even though the
1017 Fixed name pollution under Digital UNIX: one of its header files
1018 defined R_SP, which broke the enum in nasm.h.
1020 Fixed minor instruction table problems: FUCOM and FUCOMP didn't have
1021 two-operand forms; NDISASM didn't recognise the longer register
1022 forms of PUSH and POP (eg FF F3 for PUSH BX); TEST mem,imm32 was
1023 flagged as undocumented; the 32-bit forms of CMOV had 16-bit operand
1024 size prefixes; `AAD imm' and `AAM imm' are no longer flagged as
1025 undocumented because the Intel Architecture reference documents
1028 Fixed a problem with the local-label mechanism, whereby strange
1029 types of symbol (EQUs, auto-defined OBJ segment base symbols)
1030 interfered with the `previous global label' value and screwed up
1033 Fixed a bug whereby the stub preprocessor didn't communicate with
1034 the listing file generator, so that the -a and -l options in
1035 conjunction would produce a useless listing file.
1037 Merged `os2' object file format back into `obj', after discovering
1038 that `obj' _also_ shouldn't have a link pass separator in a module
1039 containing a non-trivial MODEND. Flat segments are now declared
1040 using the FLAT attribute. `os2' is no longer a valid object format
1043 Removed the fixed-size temporary storage in the evaluator. Very very
1044 long expressions (like `mov ax,1+1+1+1+...' for two hundred 1s or
1045 so) should now no longer crash NASM.
1047 Fixed a bug involving segfaults on disassembly of MMX instructions,
1048 by changing the meaning of one of the operand-type flags in nasm.h.
1049 This may cause other apparently unrelated MMX problems; it needs to
1050 be tested thoroughly.
1052 Fixed some buffer overrun problems with large OBJ output files.
1053 Thanks to DJ Delorie for the bug report and fix.
1055 Made preprocess-only mode actually listen to the %line markers as it
1056 prints them, so that it can report errors more sanely.
1058 Re-designed the evaluator to keep more sensible track of expressions
1059 involving forward references: can now cope with previously-nightmare
1065 Added the ALIGN and ALIGNB standard macros.
1067 Added PIC support in ELF: use of WRT to obtain the four extra
1068 relocation types needed.
1070 Added the ability for output file formats to define their own
1071 extensions to the GLOBAL, COMMON and EXTERN directives.
1073 Implemented common-variable alignment, and global-symbol type and
1074 size declarations, in ELF.
1076 Implemented NEAR and FAR keywords for common variables, plus
1077 far-common element size specification, in OBJ.
1079 Added a feature whereby EXTERNs and COMMONs in OBJ can be given a
1080 default WRT specification (either a segment or a group).
1082 Transformed the Unix NASM archive into an auto-configuring package.
1084 Added a sanity-check for people applying SEG to things which are
1085 already segment bases: this previously went unnoticed by the SEG
1086 processing and caused OBJ-driver panics later.
1088 Added the ability, in OBJ format, to deal with `MOV EAX,<segment>'
1089 type references: OBJ doesn't directly support dword-size segment
1090 base fixups, but as long as the low two bytes of the constant term
1091 are zero, a word-size fixup can be generated instead and it will
1094 Added the ability to specify sections' alignment requirements in
1095 Win32 object files and pure binary files.
1097 Added preprocess-time expression evaluation: the %assign (and
1098 %iassign) directive and the bare %if (and %elif) conditional. Added
1099 relational operators to the evaluator, for use only in %if
1100 constructs: the standard relationals = < > <= >= <> (and C-like
1101 synonyms == and !=) plus low-precedence logical operators &&, ^^ and
1104 Added a preprocessor repeat construct: %rep / %exitrep / %endrep.
1106 Added the __FILE__ and __LINE__ standard macros.
1108 Added a sanity check for number constants being greater than
1109 0xFFFFFFFF. The warning can be disabled.
1111 Added the %0 token whereby a variadic multi-line macro can tell how
1112 many parameters it's been given in a specific invocation.
1114 Added %rotate, allowing multi-line macro parameters to be cycled.
1116 Added the `*' option for the maximum parameter count on multi-line
1117 macros, allowing them to take arbitrarily many parameters.
1119 Added the ability for the user-level forms of EXTERN, GLOBAL and
1120 COMMON to take more than one argument.
1122 Added the IMPORT and EXPORT directives in OBJ format, to deal with
1125 Added some more preprocessor %if constructs: %ifidn / %ifidni (exact
1126 textual identity), and %ifid / %ifnum / %ifstr (token type testing).
1128 Added the ability to distinguish SHL AX,1 (the 8086 version) from
1129 SHL AX,BYTE 1 (the 286-and-upwards version whose constant happens to
1132 Added NetBSD/FreeBSD/OpenBSD's variant of a.out format, complete
1133 with PIC shared library features.
1135 Changed NASM's idiosyncratic handling of FCLEX, FDISI, FENI, FINIT,
1136 FSAVE, FSTCW, FSTENV, and FSTSW to bring it into line with the
1137 otherwise accepted standard. The previous behaviour, though it was a
1138 deliberate feature, was a deliberate feature based on a
1139 misunderstanding. Apologies for the inconvenience.
1141 Improved the flexibility of ABSOLUTE: you can now give it an
1142 expression rather than being restricted to a constant, and it can
1143 take relocatable arguments as well.
1145 Added the ability for a variable to be declared as EXTERN multiple
1146 times, and the subsequent definitions are just ignored.
1148 We now allow instruction prefixes (CS, DS, LOCK, REPZ etc) to be
1149 alone on a line (without a following instruction).
1151 Improved sanity checks on whether the arguments to EXTERN, GLOBAL
1152 and COMMON are valid identifiers.
1154 Added misc/exebin.mac to allow direct generation of .EXE files by
1155 hacking up an EXE header using DB and DW; also added test/binexe.asm
1156 to demonstrate the use of this. Thanks to Yann Guidon for
1157 contributing the EXE header code.
1159 ndisasm forgot to check whether the input file had been successfully
1160 opened. Now it does. Doh!
1162 Added the Cyrix extensions to the MMX instruction set.
1164 Added a hinting mechanism to allow [EAX+EBX] and [EBX+EAX] to be
1165 assembled differently. This is important since [ESI+EBP] and
1166 [EBP+ESI] have different default base segment registers.
1168 Added support for the PharLap OMF extension for 4096-byte segment
1172 0.95 released July 1997
1173 -----------------------
1175 Fixed yet another ELF bug. This one manifested if the user relied on
1176 the default segment, and attempted to define global symbols without
1177 first explicitly declaring the target segment.
1179 Added makefiles (for NASM and the RDF tools) to build Win32 console
1180 apps under Symantec C++. Donated by Mark Junker.
1182 Added `macros.bas' and `insns.bas', QBasic versions of the Perl
1183 scripts that convert `standard.mac' to `macros.c' and convert
1184 `insns.dat' to `insnsa.c' and `insnsd.c'. Also thanks to Mark
1187 Changed the diassembled forms of the conditional instructions so
1188 that JB is now emitted as JC, and other similar changes. Suggested
1189 list by Ulrich Doewich.
1191 Added `@' to the list of valid characters to begin an identifier
1194 Documentary changes, notably the addition of the `Common Problems'
1195 section in nasm.doc.
1197 Fixed a bug relating to 32-bit PC-relative fixups in OBJ.
1199 Fixed a bug in perm_copy() in labels.c which was causing exceptions
1200 in cleanup_labels() on some systems.
1202 Positivity sanity check in TIMES argument changed from a warning to
1203 an error following a further complaint.
1205 Changed the acceptable limits on byte and word operands to allow
1206 things like `~10111001b' to work.
1208 Fixed a major problem in the preprocessor which caused seg-faults if
1209 macro definitions contained blank lines or comment-only lines.
1211 Fixed inadequate error checking on the commas separating the
1212 arguments to `db', `dw' etc.
1214 Fixed a crippling bug in the handling of macros with operand counts
1215 defined with a `+' modifier.
1217 Fixed a bug whereby object file formats which stored the input file
1218 name in the output file (such as OBJ and COFF) weren't doing so
1219 correctly when the output file name was specified on the command
1222 Removed [INC] and [INCLUDE] support for good, since they were
1225 Fixed a bug in OBJ which caused all fixups to be output in 16-bit
1226 (old-format) FIXUPP records, rather than putting the 32-bit ones in
1227 FIXUPP32 (new-format) records.
1229 Added, tentatively, OS/2 object file support (as a minor variant on
1232 Updates to Fox Cutter's Borland C makefile, Makefile.bc2.
1234 Removed a spurious second fclose() on the output file.
1236 Added the `-s' command line option to redirect all messages which
1237 would go to stderr (errors, help text) to stdout instead.
1239 Added the `-w' command line option to selectively suppress some
1240 classes of assembly warning messages.
1242 Added the `-p' pre-include and `-d' pre-define command-line options.
1244 Added an include file search path: the `-i' command line option.
1246 Fixed a silly little preprocessor bug whereby starting a line with a
1247 `%!' environment-variable reference caused an `unknown directive'
1250 Added the long-awaited listing file support: the `-l' command line
1253 Fixed a problem with OBJ format whereby, in the absence of any
1254 explicit segment definition, non-global symbols declared in the
1255 implicit default segment generated spurious EXTDEF records in the
1258 Added the NASM environment variable.
1260 From this version forward, Win32 console-mode binaries will be
1261 included in the DOS distribution in addition to the 16-bit binaries.
1262 Added Makefile.vc for this purpose.
1264 Added `return 0;' to test/objlink.c to prevent compiler warnings.
1266 Added the __NASM_MAJOR__ and __NASM_MINOR__ standard defines.
1268 Added an alternative memory-reference syntax in which prefixing an
1269 operand with `&' is equivalent to enclosing it in square brackets,
1270 at the request of Fox Cutter.
1272 Errors in pass two now cause the program to return a non-zero error
1273 code, which they didn't before.
1275 Fixed the single-line macro cycle detection, which didn't work at
1276 all on macros with no parameters (caused an infinite loop). Also
1277 changed the behaviour of single-line macro cycle detection to work
1278 like cpp, so that macros like `extrn' as given in the documentation
1281 Fixed the implementation of WRT, which was too restrictive in that
1282 you couldn't do `mov ax,[di+abc wrt dgroup]' because (di+abc) wasn't
1283 a relocatable reference.
1286 0.94 released April 1997
1287 ------------------------
1289 Major item: added the macro processor.
1291 Added undocumented instructions SMI, IBTS, XBTS and LOADALL286. Also
1292 reorganised CMPXCHG instruction into early-486 and Pentium forms.
1293 Thanks to Thobias Jones for the information.
1295 Fixed two more stupid bugs in ELF, which were causing `ld' to
1296 continue to seg-fault in a lot of non-trivial cases.
1298 Fixed a seg-fault in the label manager.
1300 Stopped FBLD and FBSTP from _requiring_ the TWORD keyword, which is
1301 the only option for BCD loads/stores in any case.
1303 Ensured FLDCW, FSTCW and FSTSW can cope with the WORD keyword, if
1304 anyone bothers to provide it. Previously they complained unless no
1305 keyword at all was present.
1307 Some forms of FDIV/FDIVR and FSUB/FSUBR were still inverted: a
1308 vestige of a bug that I thought had been fixed in 0.92. This was
1309 fixed, hopefully for good this time...
1311 Another minor phase error (insofar as a phase error can _ever_ be
1312 minor) fixed, this one occurring in code of the form
1313 rol ax,forward_reference
1314 forward_reference equ 1
1316 The number supplied to TIMES is now sanity-checked for positivity,
1317 and also may be greater than 64K (which previously didn't work on
1320 Added Watcom C makefiles, and misc/pmw.bat, donated by Dominik Behr.
1322 Added the INCBIN pseudo-opcode.
1324 Due to the advent of the preprocessor, the [INCLUDE] and [INC]
1325 directives have become obsolete. They are still supported in this
1326 version, with a warning, but won't be in the next.
1328 Fixed a bug in OBJ format, which caused incorrect object records to
1329 be output when absolute labels were made global.
1331 Updates to RDOFF subdirectory, and changes to outrdf.c.
1334 0.93 released January 1997
1335 --------------------------
1337 This release went out in a great hurry after semi-crippling bugs
1340 Really _did_ fix the stack overflows this time. *blush*
1342 Had problems with EA instruction sizes changing between passes, when
1343 an offset contained a forward reference and so 4 bytes were
1344 allocated for the offset in pass one; by pass two the symbol had
1345 been defined and happened to be a small absolute value, so only 1
1346 byte got allocated, causing instruction size mismatch between passes
1347 and hence incorrect address calculations. Fixed.
1349 Stupid bug in the revised ELF section generation fixed (associated
1350 string-table section for .symtab was hard-coded as 7, even when this
1351 didn't fit with the real section table). Was causing `ld' to
1352 seg-fault under Linux.
1354 Included a new Borland C makefile, Makefile.bc2, donated by Fox
1355 Cutter <lmb@comtch.iea.com>.
1358 0.92 released January 1997
1359 --------------------------
1361 The FDIVP/FDIVRP and FSUBP/FSUBRP pairs had been inverted: this was
1362 fixed. This also affected the LCC driver.
1364 Fixed a bug regarding 32-bit effective addresses of the form
1365 [other_register+ESP].
1367 Documentary changes, notably documentation of the fact that Borland
1368 Win32 compilers use `obj' rather than `win32' object format.
1370 Fixed the COMENT record in OBJ files, which was formatted
1373 Fixed a bug causing segfaults in large RDF files.
1375 OBJ format now strips initial periods from segment and group
1376 definitions, in order to avoid complications with the local label
1379 Fixed a bug in disassembling far calls and jumps in NDISASM.
1381 Added support for user-defined sections in COFF and ELF files.
1383 Compiled the DOS binaries with a sensible amount of stack, to
1384 prevent stack overflows on any arithmetic expression containing
1387 Fixed a bug in handling of files that do not terminate in a newline.
1390 0.91 released November 1996
1391 ---------------------------
1394 Support for RDF added.
1395 Support for DBG debugging format added.
1396 Support for 32-bit extensions to Microsoft OBJ format added.
1397 Revised for Borland C: some variable names changed, makefile added.
1398 LCC support revised to actually work.
1399 JMP/CALL NEAR/FAR notation added.
1400 `a16', `o16', `a32' and `o32' prefixes added.
1401 Range checking on short jumps implemented.
1402 MMX instruction support added.
1403 Negative floating point constant support added.
1404 Memory handling improved to bypass 64K barrier under DOS.
1405 $ prefix to force treatment of reserved words as identifiers added.
1406 Default-size mechanism for object formats added.
1407 Compile-time configurability added.
1408 `#', `@', `~' and `?' are now valid characters in labels.
1409 `-e' and `-k' options in NDISASM added.
1412 0.90 released October 1996
1413 --------------------------
1415 First release version. First support for object file output. Other
1416 changes from previous version (0.3x) too numerous to document.