1 *if_perl.txt* For Vim version 7.3. Last change: 2010 Jul 21
4 VIM REFERENCE MANUAL by Sven Verdoolaege
7 Perl and Vim *perl* *Perl*
9 1. Editing Perl files |perl-editing|
10 2. Compiling VIM with Perl interface |perl-compiling|
11 3. Using the Perl interface |perl-using|
12 4. Dynamic loading |perl-dynamic|
14 {Vi does not have any of these commands}
16 The Perl interface only works when Vim was compiled with the |+perl| feature.
18 ==============================================================================
19 1. Editing Perl files *perl-editing*
21 Vim syntax highlighting supports Perl and POD files. Vim assumes a file is
22 Perl code if the filename has a .pl or .pm suffix. Vim also examines the first
23 line of a file, regardless of the filename suffix, to check if a file is a
24 Perl script (see scripts.vim in Vim's syntax directory). Vim assumes a file
25 is POD text if the filename has a .POD suffix.
27 To use tags with Perl, you need a recent version of Exuberant ctags. Look
29 http://ctags.sourceforge.net
31 Alternatively, you can use the Perl script pltags.pl, which is shipped with
32 Vim in the $VIMRUNTIME/tools directory. This script has currently more
33 features than Exuberant ctags' Perl support.
35 ==============================================================================
36 2. Compiling VIM with Perl interface *perl-compiling*
38 To compile Vim with Perl interface, you need Perl 5.004 (or later). Perl must
39 be installed before you compile Vim. Vim's Perl interface does NOT work with
40 the 5.003 version that has been officially released! It will probably work
41 with Perl 5.003_05 and later.
43 The Perl patches for Vim were made by:
44 Sven Verdoolaege <skimo@breughel.ufsia.ac.be>
47 Perl for MS-Windows can be found at:
48 http://www.perl.com/CPAN/ports/nt/Standard/x86/
50 ==============================================================================
51 3. Using the Perl interface *perl-using*
54 :pe[rl] {cmd} Execute Perl command {cmd}. The current package
57 :pe[rl] << {endpattern}
60 Execute Perl script {script}.
61 {endpattern} must NOT be preceded by any white space.
62 If {endpattern} is omitted, it defaults to a dot '.'
63 like for the |:append| and |:insert| commands. Using
64 '.' helps when inside a function, because "$i;" looks
65 like the start of an |:insert| command to Vim.
66 This form of the |:perl| command is mainly useful for
67 including perl code in vim scripts.
68 Note: This command doesn't work when the Perl feature
69 wasn't compiled in. To avoid errors, see
75 function! WhitePearl()
77 VIM::Msg("pearls are nice for necklaces");
78 VIM::Msg("rubys for rings");
79 VIM::Msg("pythons for bags");
86 :[range]perld[o] {cmd} Execute Perl command {cmd} for each line in the
87 [range], with $_ being set to the text of each line in
88 turn, without a trailing <EOL>. Setting $_ will change
89 the text, but note that it is not possible to add or
90 delete lines using this command.
91 The default for [range] is the whole file: "1,$".
93 Here are some things you can try: >
96 :perldo $_ = reverse($_);1
97 :perl VIM::Msg("hello")
98 :perl $line = $curbuf->Get(42)
101 Executing Perl commands in the |sandbox| is limited. ":perldo" will not be
102 possible at all. ":perl" will be evaluated in the Safe environment, if
107 Here is an overview of the functions that are available to Perl: >
109 :perl VIM::Msg("Text") # displays a message
110 :perl VIM::Msg("Error", "ErrorMsg") # displays an error message
111 :perl VIM::Msg("remark", "Comment") # displays a highlighted message
112 :perl VIM::SetOption("ai") # sets a vim option
113 :perl $nbuf = VIM::Buffers() # returns the number of buffers
114 :perl @buflist = VIM::Buffers() # returns array of all buffers
115 :perl $mybuf = (VIM::Buffers('qq.c'))[0] # returns buffer object for 'qq.c'
116 :perl @winlist = VIM::Windows() # returns array of all windows
117 :perl $nwin = VIM::Windows() # returns the number of windows
118 :perl ($success, $v) = VIM::Eval('&path') # $v: option 'path', $success: 1
119 :perl ($success, $v) = VIM::Eval('&xyz') # $v: '' and $success: 0
120 :perl $v = VIM::Eval('expand("<cfile>")') # expands <cfile>
121 :perl $curwin->SetHeight(10) # sets the window height
122 :perl @pos = $curwin->Cursor() # returns (row, col) array
123 :perl @pos = (10, 10)
124 :perl $curwin->Cursor(@pos) # sets cursor to @pos
125 :perl $curwin->Cursor(10,10) # sets cursor to row 10 col 10
126 :perl $mybuf = $curwin->Buffer() # returns the buffer object for window
127 :perl $curbuf->Name() # returns buffer name
128 :perl $curbuf->Number() # returns buffer number
129 :perl $curbuf->Count() # returns the number of lines
130 :perl $l = $curbuf->Get(10) # returns line 10
131 :perl @l = $curbuf->Get(1 .. 5) # returns lines 1 through 5
132 :perl $curbuf->Delete(10) # deletes line 10
133 :perl $curbuf->Delete(10, 20) # delete lines 10 through 20
134 :perl $curbuf->Append(10, "Line") # appends a line
135 :perl $curbuf->Append(10, "Line1", "Line2", "Line3") # appends 3 lines
136 :perl @l = ("L1", "L2", "L3")
137 :perl $curbuf->Append(10, @l) # appends L1, L2 and L3
138 :perl $curbuf->Set(10, "Line") # replaces line 10
139 :perl $curbuf->Set(10, "Line1", "Line2") # replaces lines 10 and 11
140 :perl $curbuf->Set(10, @l) # replaces 3 lines
143 VIM::Msg({msg}, {group}?)
144 Displays the message {msg}. The optional {group}
145 argument specifies a highlight group for Vim to use
149 VIM::SetOption({arg}) Sets a vim option. {arg} can be any argument that the
150 ":set" command accepts. Note that this means that no
151 spaces are allowed in the argument! See |:set|.
154 VIM::Buffers([{bn}...]) With no arguments, returns a list of all the buffers
155 in an array context or returns the number of buffers
156 in a scalar context. For a list of buffer names or
157 numbers {bn}, returns a list of the buffers matching
158 {bn}, using the same rules as Vim's internal
159 |bufname()| function.
160 WARNING: the list becomes invalid when |:bwipe| is
161 used. Using it anyway may crash Vim.
164 VIM::Windows([{wn}...]) With no arguments, returns a list of all the windows
165 in an array context or returns the number of windows
166 in a scalar context. For a list of window numbers
167 {wn}, returns a list of the windows with those
169 WARNING: the list becomes invalid when a window is
170 closed. Using it anyway may crash Vim.
173 VIM::DoCommand({cmd}) Executes Ex command {cmd}.
176 VIM::Eval({expr}) Evaluates {expr} and returns (success, val).
177 success=1 indicates that val contains the value of
178 {expr}; success=0 indicates a failure to evaluate
179 the expression. '@x' returns the contents of register
180 x, '&x' returns the value of option x, 'x' returns the
181 value of internal |variables| x, and '$x' is equivalent
182 to perl's $ENV{x}. All |functions| accessible from
183 the command-line are valid for {expr}.
184 A |List| is turned into a string by joining the items
185 and inserting line breaks.
188 Window->SetHeight({height})
189 Sets the Window height to {height}, within screen
193 Window->Cursor({row}?, {col}?)
194 With no arguments, returns a (row, col) array for the
195 current cursor position in the Window. With {row} and
196 {col} arguments, sets the Window's cursor position to
197 {row} and {col}. Note that {col} is numbered from 0,
198 Perl-fashion, and thus is one less than the value in
201 Window->Buffer() *perl-Buffer*
202 Returns the Buffer object corresponding to the given
206 Buffer->Name() Returns the filename for the Buffer.
209 Buffer->Number() Returns the number of the Buffer.
212 Buffer->Count() Returns the number of lines in the Buffer.
215 Buffer->Get({lnum}, {lnum}?, ...)
216 Returns a text string of line {lnum} in the Buffer
217 for each {lnum} specified. An array can be passed
218 with a list of {lnum}'s specified.
221 Buffer->Delete({lnum}, {lnum}?)
222 Deletes line {lnum} in the Buffer. With the second
223 {lnum}, deletes the range of lines from the first
224 {lnum} to the second {lnum}.
227 Buffer->Append({lnum}, {line}, {line}?, ...)
228 Appends each {line} string after Buffer line {lnum}.
229 The list of {line}s can be an array.
232 Buffer->Set({lnum}, {line}, {line}?, ...)
233 Replaces one or more Buffer lines with specified
234 {lines}s, starting at Buffer line {lnum}. The list of
235 {line}s can be an array. If the arguments are
236 invalid, replacement does not occur.
239 The current window object.
242 The current buffer object.
246 When using a script language in-line, you might want to skip this when the
247 language isn't supported. But this mechanism doesn't work: >
253 Instead, put the Perl/Python/Ruby/etc. command in a function and call that
263 Note that "EOF" must be at the start of the line.
265 ==============================================================================
266 4. Dynamic loading *perl-dynamic*
268 On MS-Windows and Unix the Perl library can be loaded dynamically. The
269 |:version| output then includes |+perl/dyn|.
271 This means that Vim will search for the Perl DLL or shared library file only
272 when needed. When you don't use the Perl interface you don't need it, thus
273 you can use Vim without this file.
278 You can download Perl from http://www.perl.org. The one from ActiveState was
279 used for building Vim.
281 To use the Perl interface the Perl DLL must be in your search path.
282 If Vim reports it cannot find the perl512.dll, make sure your $PATH includes
283 the directory where it is located. The Perl installer normally does that.
284 In a console window type "path" to see what directories are used.
286 The name of the DLL must match the Perl version Vim was compiled with.
287 Currently the name is "perl512.dll". That is for Perl 5.12. To know for
288 sure edit "gvim.exe" and search for "perl\d*.dll\c".
290 ==============================================================================
291 vim:tw=78:ts=8:ft=help:norl: