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   3 <title>Äîêóìåíòàöèÿ Moodle: ×àñòî çàäàâàåìûå âîïðîñû (FAQ)</title>
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   9 <h1>×àñòî çàäàâàåìûå âîïðîñû (FAQ)</h1>
  10 <p class="normaltext">Íà ýòîé ñòðàíèöå ñîäåðæèòñÿ íåñêîëüêî îòâåòîâ íà ÷àñòî çàäàâàåìûå âîïðîñû.
  11   Åñëè âû ñëåäîâàëè <a href="./?file=install.html">èíñòðóêöèè ïî óñòàíîâêå</a> íî
  12   âñå åùå èñïûòàâàåòå ïðîáëåìû, òîãäà ýòà ñòðàíèöà äîëæíà âàì ïîìî÷ü. </p>
  13
  14 <p class="normaltext">If you don't find your answer here try the <a href="http://moodle.org/mod/forum/index.php?id=5" target="_top">Using
  15   Moodle</a> course on moodle.org. Start by searching the forums using a few keywords,
  16   in case your problem has already been discussed. If you don't find
  17   anything, then try posting your question into the appropriate forum - somebody will
  18   usually be able to help you.</p>
  19
  20
  21 <p class="normaltext">If you have tried a number of solutions without resolving an issue,
  22 and you are running behind a firewall, it may be advisable to try re-configuring your
  23 firewall to ensure that it is not blocking a required function or necessary communication.
  24 Firewalls very rarely cause problems with Moodle but are occasionally responsible for
  25 reduced functionality due to a mis-configuration in the firewall settings.
  26
  27
  28
  29 <p class="normaltext">Use this list to jump to the appropriate answer below:</p>
  30
  31 <p class="questionlink"><a href="#filenotfound">Whenever I try to access or view a file that I uploaded, I get an error &quot;File not Found&quot;</a></p>
  32
  33
  34
  35 <p class="questionlink"><a href="#php">PHP - is it installed and what version do I have?</a></p>
  36
  37
  38
  39 <p class="questionlink"><a href="#blankpages">Why are all my pages blank?</a></p>
  40
  41
  42
  43 <p class="questionlink"><a href="#errorgetstring">My pages show fatal errors such as : call to undefined function: get_string()</a></p>
  44
  45
  46
  47 <p class="questionlink"><a href="#headerssent">Why do I keep getting error messages about &quot;headers already sent&quot;?</a></p>
  48
  49
  50
  51 <p class="questionlink"><a href="#failedopen">I keep getting this error: Failed opening required '/web/moodle/lib/setup.php'</a></p>
  52
  53
  54
  55 <p class="questionlink"><a href="#quotes">Any text I add with an apostrophe (') or a quote (&quot;) causes errors or comes up with a slash added</a></p>
  56
  57
  58
  59 <p class="questionlink"><a href="#sessiontmp">I keep getting error messages about session_start</a></p>
  60
  61
  62
  63 <p class="questionlink"><a href="#fixdirroot">When I go to the admin page, I get told to make dirroot blank!</a></p>
  64
  65
  66
  67 <p class="questionlink"><a href="#loginsetting">I login but the login link doesn't change. I am logged in and can navigate freely.</a></p>
  68
  69
  70
  71 <p class="questionlink"><a href="#resource1">When trying to add a resource I receive error messages.</a></p>
  72
  73
  74
  75 <p class="questionlink"><a href="#noadmin">During the initial setting-up process, I never get asked to create an admin account!</a></p>
  76
  77 <p class="questionlink"><a href="#nologin">I can't log in at all- I just stay stuck on the login screen.</a></p>
  78
  79 <p class="questionlink"><a href="#backup">How do I backup my Moodle site?</a></p>
  80
  81 <p class="questionlink"><a href="#locale">Why doesn't my Moodle site display the
  82
  83   time & date correctly?</a></p>
  84
  85 <p class="questionlink"><a href="#cron">Email copies are not being sent
  86
  87   from my forums</a></p>
  88
  89 <p class="questionlink">&nbsp;</p>
  90
  91
  92
  93
  94
  95
  96
  97 <h3><a name="filenotfound"></a>Whenever I try to access or view
  98
  99
 100
 101   a file that I uploaded, I get an error &quot;File not Found&quot;</h3>
 102
 103
 104
 105 <p class="answer">For example: Not Found: The requested URL /moodle/file.php/2/myfile.jpg
 106
 107
 108
 109   was not found on this server. </p>
 110
 111
 112
 113 <p class="answer">Your web server needs to be configured to allow the part of
 114
 115
 116
 117   the URL after a script name to be passed directly to the script. This is usually
 118
 119
 120
 121   enabled in Apache 1, but is usually disabled by default in Apache 2. To turn
 122
 123
 124
 125   it on, add this line to your httpd.conf, or to a .htaccess file in your local
 126
 127
 128
 129   directory (see the <a href="./?file=install.html#webserver">Install documentation</a>
 130
 131
 132
 133   for more details): </p>
 134
 135
 136
 137 <p class="answercode"><b>AcceptPathInfo</b> on</p>
 138
 139
 140
 141 <p class="answer">Note, this will ONLY work for Apache versions 2.x. </p>
 142
 143
 144
 145 <p class="answer">If you are not using Apache 2 and you still have this problem
 146
 147
 148
 149   (unlikely) then you can switch Moodle to use an alternative method. The disadvantages
 150
 151
 152
 153   are a slight loss of performance for your users and you won't be able to use
 154
 155
 156
 157   relative links within HTML resources. </p>
 158
 159
 160
 161 <p class="answer">To use this alternative method: login as Admin, go into the
 162
 163
 164
 165   "Configure Variables" page and change the setting for "<b>slasharguments</b>".
 166
 167
 168
 169   You should now be able to access your uploaded files.</p>
 170
 171
 172
 173 <p class="answer">&nbsp;</p>
 174
 175
 176
 177
 178
 179
 180
 181   <h3><a name="php"></a>PHP - is it installed and what version
 182
 183
 184
 185   do I have?</h3>
 186
 187
 188
 189   <p class="answer">Make a new file on your web site called info.php, containing the following
 190
 191
 192
 193     text, and call it from your browser:</p>
 194
 195
 196
 197
 198
 199
 200
 201   <p class="answercode">&lt;?PHP phpinfo() ?&gt;</p>
 202
 203
 204
 205 <p class="answer">If nothing happens then you don't have PHP installed. See the
 206
 207
 208
 209   installation docs for some information about where to download it for your computer.</p>
 210
 211
 212
 213 <p class="answer">&nbsp;</p>
 214
 215
 216
 217 <h3><a name="blankpages"></a>Why are all my pages blank? </h3>
 218
 219
 220
 221 <p class="answer">Check the dirroot variable in config.php. You must use complete,
 222
 223
 224
 225   absolute pathnames, eg:</p>
 226
 227
 228
 229 <p class="answercode"> $CFG->dirroot = "d:\inetpub\sites\www.yoursite.com\web\moodle";</p>
 230
 231
 232
 233 <p>&nbsp; </p>
 234
 235
 236
 237 <p class="answer">Redhat Linux platform please see: <a href="http://moodle.org/doc/?file=installamp.html">Redhat Linux</a></p>
 238
 239
 240
 241 <p>&nbsp; </p>
 242
 243
 244
 245 <h3><a name="errorgetstring"></a>My pages show fatal errors such
 246
 247
 248
 249   as : call to undefined function: get_string()</h3>
 250
 251
 252
 253 <p class="answer">If you see errors like:</p>
 254
 255
 256
 257 <p class="answercode">Parse error: parse error, unexpected T_VARIABLE in c:\program
 258
 259
 260
 261   files\easyphp\www\moodle\config.php on line 94 <br />
 262
 263
 264
 265   Fatal error: Call to undefined function: get_string() in c:\program files\easyphp\www\moodle\mod\resource\lib.php
 266
 267
 268
 269   on line 11</p>
 270
 271
 272
 273 <p class="answer">then it's likely you have left out a semi-colon or ending quote
 274
 275
 276
 277   from a line in config.php (previous to line 94).</p>
 278
 279
 280
 281 <p class="answer">Another reason could be that you have opened config.php in a
 282
 283
 284
 285   program like Word to edit it, and saved it as a HTML web page, instead of a
 286
 287
 288
 289   proper text file.</p>
 290
 291
 292
 293 <p>&nbsp;</p>
 294
 295
 296
 297 <h3><a name="headerssent"></a>Why do I keep getting error messages
 298
 299
 300
 301   about &quot;headers already sent&quot;?</h3>
 302
 303
 304
 305 <p class="answer">If you see errors like this:</p>
 306
 307
 308
 309 <p class="answercode">Warning: Cannot add header information - headers already
 310
 311
 312
 313   sent by (output started at /webs/moodle/config.php:87) in /webs/moodle/lib/moodlelib.php
 314
 315
 316
 317   on line 1322 </p>
 318
 319
 320
 321 <p class="answercode"> Warning: Cannot add header information - headers already
 322
 323
 324
 325   sent by (output started at /webs/moodle/config.php:87) in /webs/moodle/lib/moodlelib.php
 326
 327
 328
 329   on line 1323 </p>
 330
 331
 332
 333 <p class="answercode"> Warning: Cannot add header information - headers already
 334
 335
 336
 337   sent by (output started at /webs/moodle/config.php:87) in /webs/moodle/login/index.php
 338
 339
 340
 341   on line 54 </p>
 342
 343
 344
 345 <p class="answer">You have blank lines or spaces after the final ?> in your config.php
 346
 347
 348
 349   file. Sometimes text editors add these - for example Notepad on Windows - so
 350
 351
 352
 353   you may have to try a different text editor to remove these spaces or blank
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 355
 356
 357   lines completely. </p>
 358
 359
 360
 361 <p class="answer">&nbsp;</p>
 362
 363
 364
 365 <h3><a name="failedopen"></a>I keep getting this error: Failed
 366
 367
 368
 369   opening required '/web/moodle/lib/setup.php'</h3>
 370
 371
 372
 373 <p class="answer">In your config.php, the setting that you use for the dirroot
 374
 375
 376
 377   variable must be the <strong>complete path from the root of your server's hard
 378
 379
 380
 381   drive</strong>.</p>
 382
 383
 384
 385 <p class="answer">Sometimes people only use the path from their home directory,
 386
 387
 388
 389   or relative to the root of the web server directory.</p>
 390
 391
 392
 393 <p class="answer">&nbsp;</p>
 394
 395
 396
 397 <h3><a name="quotes" id="quotes"></a>Any text I add with an apostrophe
 398
 399
 400
 401   (') or a quote (&quot;) causes errors or comes up with a slash added</h3>
 402
 403
 404
 405 <p class="answer">Problems caused by apostrophes are caused by incorrect &quot;magic
 406
 407
 408
 409   quotes&quot; settings. Moodle requires the following settings (which are usually
 410
 411
 412
 413   the default):</p>
 414
 415
 416
 417 <p class="answercode">magic_quotes_gpc = On<br />
 418
 419
 420
 421   magic_quotes_runtime = Off</p>
 422
 423
 424
 425 <p class="answer">See the section on <a href="./?file=install.html#webserver">webserver
 426
 427   configuration</a> in the Installation docs for more details.</p>
 428
 429 <p class="answer">&nbsp;</p>
 430
 431
 432
 433
 434
 435
 436
 437
 438
 439
 440
 441
 442
 443
 444
 445 <h3><a name="sessiontmp"></a>I keep getting error messages about session_start</h3>
 446
 447
 448
 449 <p class="answer">If you see errors like this:</p>
 450
 451
 452
 453 <p class="answercode">Warning: session_start() [function.session-start]: open(/tmp\sess_d40f380d37d431fc1516e9a895ad9ce0, O_RDWR) failed: No such file or directory (2) in G:\web\moodle\lib\setup.php on line 123</p>
 454
 455
 456
 457 <p class="answercode">Warning: session_start() [function.session-start]: open(/tmp\sess_d40f380d37d431fc1516e9a895ad9ce0, O_RDWR) failed: No such file or directory (2) in G:\web\moodle\lib\setup.php on line 123</p>
 458
 459
 460
 461 <p class="answercode">Warning: session_start() [function.session-start]: Cannot send session cache limiter - headers already sent (output started at G:\web\moodle\lib\setup.php:1) in G:\web\moodle\lib\setup.php on line 123</p>
 462
 463
 464
 465
 466
 467
 468
 469 <p class="answer">... these are all related to the fact that PHP is failing to save
 470
 471
 472
 473   "session" files on your hard disk (in a directory called /tmp).  Usually the
 474
 475
 476
 477   reason is that you don't HAVE a directory called /tmp on your computer.  This
 478
 479
 480
 481   is usually the case with Windows installations.
 482
 483
 484
 485
 486
 487
 488
 489 <p class="answer">The solution is to fix the PHP setting for this path to point to a real directory.  You can do this in your php.ini file:</p>
 490
 491
 492
 493 <p class="answercode">session.save_path = C:\temp</p>
 494
 495
 496
 497 <p class="answer">or otherwise in a .htaccess file in your main moodle directory:</p>
 498
 499
 500
 501 <p class="answercode">php_value session.save_path "/home/moodle/sessions"</p>
 502
 503 <p class="answercode">&nbsp;</p>
 504
 505
 506
 507
 508
 509
 510
 511 <h3><a name="fixdirroot"></a>When I go to the admin page, I get told to make dirroot blank!</h3>
 512
 513
 514
 515 <p class="answer">If you see errors like this in Moodle 1.0.9:</p>
 516
 517
 518
 519
 520
 521
 522
 523 <table class=generalbox cellspacing=0 cellpadding=5 align=center border=0>
 524
 525
 526
 527 <tbody>
 528
 529
 530
 531 <tr>
 532
 533
 534
 535 <td bgcolor=#ffbbbb>Please fix your settings in config.php:
 536
 537
 538
 539 <p>You have:
 540
 541
 542
 543 <p>$CFG-&gt;dirroot = "/home/users/fred/public_html/moodle";
 544
 545
 546
 547 <p>but it should be:
 548
 549
 550
 551 <p>$CFG-&gt;dirroot = "";</p></td></tr></tbody></table>
 552
 553
 554
 555
 556
 557
 558
 559 <p class="answer">then you have encountered a small bug that occurs on some servers. The problem is with the error-checking mechanism, not with your actual path.  To fix it, find this line (line 66) in the file admin/index.php: </p>
 560
 561
 562
 563 <p class="answercode">if ($dirroot != $CFG->dirroot) {</p>
 564
 565
 566
 567 <p class="answer">and change it to this:</p>
 568
 569
 570
 571 <p class="answercode">if (!empty($dirroot) and $dirroot != $CFG->dirroot) {</p>
 572
 573 <p class="answercode">&nbsp;</p>
 574
 575
 576
 577
 578
 579 <h3><a name="loginsetting"></a>I login but don't appear to be. I am logged in and can navigate freely.</h3>
 580
 581
 582
 583 <p class="answer">Make sure the URL in your $CFG->wwwroot setting is exactly the
 584
 585   same as the one you are actually using to access the site.</p>
 586
 587 <p class="answer">&nbsp;</p>
 588
 589
 590
 591 <h3><a name="resource1"></a>When trying to add a resource I receive error messages.</h3>
 592
 593
 594
 595 <p class="answer">Assuming you are using Apache, then it's quite likely that your
 596
 597   setting in config.php for $CFG->wwwroot is different from the actual URL you
 598
 599   are using to access the site. Also try turning off "<b>secureforms</b>" in the
 600
 601   admin settings.</p>
 602
 603 <p class="answer">&nbsp;</p>
 604
 605
 606
 607
 608
 609
 610
 611 <h3><a name="noadmin"></a>During the initial setting-up process, I never get asked to create an admin account!</h3>
 612
 613
 614
 615 <p class="answer">This is a known bug in versions of Moodle up to 1.0.9, now fixed in the main code and version 1.1.</p>
 616
 617
 618
 619 <p class="answer">It doesn't affect all people, it only occurs when the person installing Moodle has a
 620
 621   cookie in their browser from another program on the same site, called "user", "admin", or "teacher".</p>
 622
 623
 624
 625 <p class="answer">Quick fixes include deleting those cookies from your browser before installing, using a different browser, or editing the file moodle/admin/user.php to insert these lines near the top:</p>
 626
 627
 628
 629 <p class="answercode">unset($user);<br />unset($admin);<br />unset($teacher);</p>
 630
 631
 632
 633 <p class="answer">After performing any of these fixes it might be a good idea
 634
 635   to drop all the tables in your database and re-install again from scratch.</p>
 636
 637 <p class="answer">&nbsp;</p>
 638
 639
 640
 641
 642
 643
 644
 645 <h3><a name="nologin"></a>I can't log in - I just stay stuck on the login screen.</h3>
 646
 647
 648
 649 <p class="answer">The most common cause for this is that your own computer (not your Moodle server)
 650
 651                   has a firewall that is stripping referrer information from the browser.  Here are
 652
 653                   some instructions for fixing <a href="http://service1.symantec.com/SUPPORT/nip.nsf/46f26a2d6dafb0a788256bc7005c3fa3/b9b47ad7eddd343b88256c6b006a85a8?OpenDocument&src=bar_sch_nam">Norton firewall products</a>.</p>
 654
 655
 656
 657 <p class="answer">The server admin can also fix this for everyone by editing the Moodle configuration
 658
 659                   page and changing the variable "<b>secureforms</b>" to "No".</p>
 660
 661
 662
 663 <p class="answer">Another possible cause of this problem is that sessions are
 664
 665   not configured properly on the server. You can test this by calling the script
 666
 667   http://yourserver/moodle/lib/session-test.php.</p>
 668
 669 <p class="answer">&nbsp;</p>
 670
 671
 672
 673
 674
 675
 676
 677 <h3><a name="backup"></a>How do I backup my whole Moodle site?</h3>
 678
 679
 680
 681 <p class="answer">There are two main things you need to make a copy of: the database and the uploaded files.  The Moodle scripts themselves are less important, since you can always download a fresh copy if you have to.</p>
 682
 683
 684
 685 <p class="answer">There are many ways to do such backups.  Here is an outline of a little script you can run on Unix to backup the database (it works well to have such a script run daily via a cron task</p>
 686
 687 <p class="answercode">cd /my/backup/directory</p>
 688
 689 <p class="answercode">mv moodle-database.sql.gz moodle-database-old.sql.gz</p>
 690
 691 <p class="answercode">mysqldump -h example.com -u myusername --password=mypassword -C -Q -e -a mydatabasename > moodle-database.sql</p>
 692
 693 <p class="answercode">gzip moodle-database.sql</p>
 694
 695 <p class="answer">For the files, you can use rsync regularly to copy only the changed files to another host:</p>
 696
 697 <p class="answercode">rsync -auvtz --delete -e ssh mysshusername@example.com:/my/server/directory
 698
 699   /my/backup/directory/</p>
 700
 701 <p class="answercode">&nbsp;</p>
 702
 703
 704
 705
 706
 707 <h3><a name="locale"></a>Why doesn't my Moodle site display the time & date correctly?</h3>
 708
 709
 710
 711 <p class="answer">Each language requires a specific language code (called a <strong>locale</strong>
 712
 713   code) to allow dates to be displayed correctly. The language packs contain default
 714
 715   standard codes, but sometimes these don't work on Windows servers. </p>
 716
 717 <p class="answer">You can find the correct locale codes for Windows on these two
 718
 719   pages: <a href="http://msdn.microsoft.com/library/default.asp?url=/library/en-us/vclib/html/_crt_language_strings.asp" target="_blank">Language
 720
 721   codes</a> and <a href="http://msdn.microsoft.com/library/default.asp?url=/library/en-us/vclib/html/_crt_country_strings.asp" target="_blank">Country/region
 722
 723   codes</a>.(eg &quot;esp_esp&quot; for spanish)</p>
 724
 725 <p class="answer">These new locale codes can be entered on the Admin -&gt; Configure
 726
 727   -&gt; Variables page, where they override the ones in the currently chosen language
 728
 729   pack.</p>
 730
 731 <p class="answer">&nbsp;</p>
 732
 733 <h3><a name="cron"></a>Email copies are not being sent
 734
 735   from my forums </h3>
 736
 737 <p class="answer">You <strong>must</strong> set up cron properly if you want Moodle
 738
 739   to send out automatic email from forums, journals, assignments etc. This same
 740
 741   process also performs a number of clean-up tasks such as deleting old unconfirmed
 742
 743   users, unenrolling old students and so on.</p>
 744
 745 <p class="answer">Basically, you need to set up a process to regularly call the
 746
 747   script http://yoursite/admin/cron.php. Please see <a href="./?file=install.html#cron">the
 748
 749   section on cron in the Installation documentation</a>.</p>
 750
 751 <p class="answer">Tip: Try the default setting in Moodle variables page. Leave the smtphost blank.
 752
 753 This will be acceptable for the majority of users.
 754 <p class="answer">&nbsp;
 755 <p class="answer">&nbsp;
 756
 757
 758 <hr>
 759
 760
 761
 762 <p align="center" class="normaltext"><a href='ma&#105&#108t&#111:ma%72%74in@%6d%6fo%64%6c%65.o%72g' title='mar&#116&#105n@&#109oo&#100&#108&#101&#46&#111&#114g'>Suggest
 763
 764
 765
 766   a new FAQ</a> (include the answer!)</p>
 767
 768
 769
 770 <hr>
 771
 772
 773
 774 <p align="right"><strong><em>Thanks to John Eyre for helping to maintain this
 775
 776
 777
 778   FAQ.</em></strong></p>
 779
 780
 781
 782 <p align="CENTER"><font size="1"><a href="." target="_top">Moodle Documentation</a></font></p>
 783
 784
 785
 786 <p align="CENTER"><font size="1">Version: $Id: faq.html,v 1.6 2003/03/30 13:54:28
 787
 788
 789
 790   moodler Exp $</font></p>
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 794
 795
 796
 797
 798 </body>
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 802 </html>
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