Automatically generated installer lang files

[moodle.git] / lib / adodb / drivers / adodb-postgres64.inc.php

<?php
/**
 * ADOdb PostgreSQL 6.4 driver
 *
 * This file is part of ADOdb, a Database Abstraction Layer library for PHP.
 *
 * @package ADOdb
 * @link https://adodb.org Project's web site and documentation
 * @link https://github.com/ADOdb/ADOdb Source code and issue tracker
 *
 * The ADOdb Library is dual-licensed, released under both the BSD 3-Clause
 * and the GNU Lesser General Public Licence (LGPL) v2.1 or, at your option,
 * any later version. This means you can use it in proprietary products.
 * See the LICENSE.md file distributed with this source code for details.
 * @license BSD-3-Clause
 * @license LGPL-2.1-or-later
 *
 * @copyright 2000-2013 John Lim
 * @copyright 2014 Damien Regad, Mark Newnham and the ADOdb community
 */

// security - hide paths
if (!defined('ADODB_DIR')) die();

class ADODB_postgres64 extends ADOConnection{
        var $databaseType = 'postgres64';
        var $dataProvider = 'postgres';
        var $hasInsertID = true;
        var $_resultid = false;
        var $concat_operator='||';
        var $metaDatabasesSQL = "select datname from pg_database where datname not in ('template0','template1') order by 1";
        var $metaTablesSQL = "select tablename,'T' from pg_tables where tablename not like 'pg\_%'
                and tablename not in ('sql_features', 'sql_implementation_info', 'sql_languages',
                        'sql_packages', 'sql_sizing', 'sql_sizing_profiles')
        union
                select viewname,'V' from pg_views where viewname not like 'pg\_%'";
        //"select tablename from pg_tables where tablename not like 'pg_%' order by 1";
        var $isoDates = true; // accepts dates in ISO format
        var $sysDate = "CURRENT_DATE";
        var $sysTimeStamp = "CURRENT_TIMESTAMP";
        var $blobEncodeType = 'C';
        var $metaColumnsSQL = "SELECT a.attname,t.typname,a.attlen,a.atttypmod,a.attnotnull,a.atthasdef,a.attnum
                FROM pg_class c, pg_attribute a,pg_type t
                WHERE relkind in ('r','v') AND (c.relname='%s' or c.relname = lower('%s')) and a.attname not like '....%%'
                AND a.attnum > 0 AND a.atttypid = t.oid AND a.attrelid = c.oid ORDER BY a.attnum";

        // used when schema defined
        var $metaColumnsSQL1 = "SELECT a.attname, t.typname, a.attlen, a.atttypmod, a.attnotnull, a.atthasdef, a.attnum
                FROM pg_class c, pg_attribute a, pg_type t, pg_namespace n
                WHERE relkind in ('r','v') AND (c.relname='%s' or c.relname = lower('%s'))
                and c.relnamespace=n.oid and n.nspname='%s'
                and a.attname not like '....%%' AND a.attnum > 0
                AND a.atttypid = t.oid AND a.attrelid = c.oid ORDER BY a.attnum";

        // get primary key etc -- from Freek Dijkstra
        var $metaKeySQL = "SELECT ic.relname AS index_name, a.attname AS column_name,i.indisunique AS unique_key, i.indisprimary AS primary_key
                FROM pg_class bc, pg_class ic, pg_index i, pg_attribute a
                WHERE bc.oid = i.indrelid AND ic.oid = i.indexrelid
                AND (i.indkey[0] = a.attnum OR i.indkey[1] = a.attnum OR i.indkey[2] = a.attnum OR i.indkey[3] = a.attnum OR i.indkey[4] = a.attnum OR i.indkey[5] = a.attnum OR i.indkey[6] = a.attnum OR i.indkey[7] = a.attnum)
                AND a.attrelid = bc.oid AND bc.relname = '%s'";

        var $hasAffectedRows = true;
        var $hasLimit = false;  // set to true for pgsql 7 only. support pgsql/mysql SELECT * FROM TABLE LIMIT 10
        // below suggested by Freek Dijkstra
        var $true = 'TRUE';             // string that represents TRUE for a database
        var $false = 'FALSE';           // string that represents FALSE for a database
        var $fmtDate = "'Y-m-d'";       // used by DBDate() as the default date format used by the database
        var $fmtTimeStamp = "'Y-m-d H:i:s'"; // used by DBTimeStamp as the default timestamp fmt.
        var $hasMoveFirst = true;
        var $hasGenID = true;
        var $_genIDSQL = "SELECT NEXTVAL('%s')";
        var $_genSeqSQL = "CREATE SEQUENCE %s START %s";
        var $_dropSeqSQL = "DROP SEQUENCE %s";
        var $metaDefaultsSQL = "SELECT d.adnum as num, d.adsrc as def from pg_attrdef d, pg_class c where d.adrelid=c.oid and c.relname='%s' order by d.adnum";
        var $random = 'random()';               /// random function
        var $autoRollback = true; // apparently pgsql does not autorollback properly before php 4.3.4
                                                        // http://bugs.php.net/bug.php?id=25404

        var $uniqueIisR = true;
        var $_bindInputArray = false; // requires postgresql 7.3+ and ability to modify database
        var $disableBlobs = false; // set to true to disable blob checking, resulting in 2-5% improvement in performance.

        /** @var int $_pnum Number of the last assigned query parameter {@see param()} */
        var $_pnum = 0;

        // The last (fmtTimeStamp is not entirely correct:
        // PostgreSQL also has support for time zones,
        // and writes these time in this format: "2001-03-01 18:59:26+02".
        // There is no code for the "+02" time zone information, so I just left that out.
        // I'm not familiar enough with both ADODB as well as Postgres
        // to know what the concequences are. The other values are correct (wheren't in 0.94)
        // -- Freek Dijkstra

        /**
         * Retrieve Server information.
         * In addition to server version and description, the function also returns
         * the client version.
         * @param bool $detailed If true, retrieve detailed version string (executes
         *                       a SQL query) in addition to the version number
         * @return array|bool Server info or false if version could not be retrieved
         *                    e.g. if there is no active connection
         */
        function ServerInfo($detailed = true)
        {
                if (empty($this->version['version'])) {
                        // We don't have a connection, so we can't retrieve server info
                        if (!$this->_connectionID) {
                                return false;
                        }

                        $version = pg_version($this->_connectionID);
                        $this->version = array(
                                // If PHP has been compiled with PostgreSQL 7.3 or lower, then
                                // server version is not set so we use pg_parameter_status()
                                // which includes logic to obtain values server_version
                                'version' => isset($version['server'])
                                        ? $version['server']
                                        : pg_parameter_status($this->_connectionID, 'server_version'),
                                'client' => $version['client'],
                                'description' => null,
                        );
                }
                if ($detailed && $this->version['description'] === null) {
                        $this->version['description'] = $this->GetOne('select version()');
                }

                return $this->version;
        }

        function IfNull( $field, $ifNull )
        {
                return " coalesce($field, $ifNull) ";
        }

        // get the last id - never tested
        function pg_insert_id($tablename,$fieldname)
        {
                $result=pg_query($this->_connectionID, 'SELECT last_value FROM '. $tablename .'_'. $fieldname .'_seq');
                if ($result) {
                        $arr = @pg_fetch_row($result,0);
                        pg_free_result($result);
                        if (isset($arr[0])) return $arr[0];
                }
                return false;
        }

        /**
         * Warning from http://www.php.net/manual/function.pg-getlastoid.php:
         * Using a OID as a unique identifier is not generally wise.
         * Unless you are very careful, you might end up with a tuple having
         * a different OID if a database must be reloaded.
         *
         * @inheritDoc
         */
        protected function _insertID($table = '', $column = '')
        {
                if (!is_resource($this->_resultid) || get_resource_type($this->_resultid) !== 'pgsql result') return false;
                $oid = pg_last_oid($this->_resultid);
                // to really return the id, we need the table and column-name, else we can only return the oid != id
                return empty($table) || empty($column) ? $oid : $this->GetOne("SELECT $column FROM $table WHERE oid=".(int)$oid);
        }

        function _affectedrows()
        {
                if (!is_resource($this->_resultid) || get_resource_type($this->_resultid) !== 'pgsql result') return false;
                return pg_affected_rows($this->_resultid);
        }


        /**
         * @return true/false
         */
        function BeginTrans()
        {
                if ($this->transOff) return true;
                $this->transCnt += 1;
                return pg_query($this->_connectionID, 'begin '.$this->_transmode);
        }

        function RowLock($tables,$where,$col='1 as adodbignore')
        {
                if (!$this->transCnt) $this->BeginTrans();
                return $this->GetOne("select $col from $tables where $where for update");
        }

        // returns true/false.
        function CommitTrans($ok=true)
        {
                if ($this->transOff) return true;
                if (!$ok) return $this->RollbackTrans();

                $this->transCnt -= 1;
                return pg_query($this->_connectionID, 'commit');
        }

        // returns true/false
        function RollbackTrans()
        {
                if ($this->transOff) return true;
                $this->transCnt -= 1;
                return pg_query($this->_connectionID, 'rollback');
        }

        function MetaTables($ttype=false,$showSchema=false,$mask=false)
        {
                $info = $this->ServerInfo();
                if ($info['version'] >= 7.3) {
                $this->metaTablesSQL = "
                        select table_name,'T' from information_schema.tables where table_schema not in ( 'pg_catalog','information_schema')
                        union
                        select table_name,'V' from information_schema.views where table_schema not in ( 'pg_catalog','information_schema') ";
                }
                if ($mask) {
                        $save = $this->metaTablesSQL;
                        $mask = $this->qstr(strtolower($mask));
                        if ($info['version']>=7.3)
                                $this->metaTablesSQL = "
                                        select table_name,'T' from information_schema.tables where table_name like $mask and table_schema not in ( 'pg_catalog','information_schema')
                                        union
                                        select table_name,'V' from information_schema.views where table_name like $mask and table_schema not in ( 'pg_catalog','information_schema') ";
                        else
                                $this->metaTablesSQL = "
                                        select tablename,'T' from pg_tables where tablename like $mask
                                        union
                                        select viewname,'V' from pg_views where viewname like $mask";
                }
                $ret = ADOConnection::MetaTables($ttype,$showSchema);

                if ($mask) {
                        $this->metaTablesSQL = $save;
                }
                return $ret;
        }


        /**
         * Quotes a string to be sent to the database.
         *
         * Relies on pg_escape_string()
         * @link https://adodb.org/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=v5:reference:connection:qstr
         *
         * @param string $s            The string to quote
         * @param bool   $magic_quotes This param is not used since 5.21.0.
         *                             It remains for backwards compatibility.
         *
         * @return string Quoted string
         */
        function qStr($s, $magic_quotes=false)
        {
                if (is_bool($s)) {
                        return $s ? 'true' : 'false';
                }

                if ($this->_connectionID) {
                        return "'" . pg_escape_string($this->_connectionID, $s) . "'";
                } else {
                        return "'" . pg_escape_string($s) . "'";
                }
        }


        // Format date column in sql string given an input format that understands Y M D
        function SQLDate($fmt, $col=false)
        {
                if (!$col) $col = $this->sysTimeStamp;
                $s = 'TO_CHAR('.$col.",'";

                $len = strlen($fmt);
                for ($i=0; $i < $len; $i++) {
                        $ch = $fmt[$i];
                        switch($ch) {
                        case 'Y':
                        case 'y':
                                $s .= 'YYYY';
                                break;
                        case 'Q':
                        case 'q':
                                $s .= 'Q';
                                break;

                        case 'M':
                                $s .= 'Mon';
                                break;

                        case 'm':
                                $s .= 'MM';
                                break;
                        case 'D':
                        case 'd':
                                $s .= 'DD';
                                break;

                        case 'H':
                                $s.= 'HH24';
                                break;

                        case 'h':
                                $s .= 'HH';
                                break;

                        case 'i':
                                $s .= 'MI';
                                break;

                        case 's':
                                $s .= 'SS';
                                break;

                        case 'a':
                        case 'A':
                                $s .= 'AM';
                                break;

                        case 'w':
                                $s .= 'D';
                                break;

                        case 'l':
                                $s .= 'DAY';
                                break;

                        case 'W':
                                $s .= 'WW';
                                break;

                        default:
                        // handle escape characters...
                                if ($ch == '\\') {
                                        $i++;
                                        $ch = substr($fmt,$i,1);
                                }
                                if (strpos('-/.:;, ',$ch) !== false) $s .= $ch;
                                else $s .= '"'.$ch.'"';

                        }
                }
                return $s. "')";
        }



        /*
        * Load a Large Object from a file
        * - the procedure stores the object id in the table and imports the object using
        * postgres proprietary blob handling routines
        *
        * contributed by Mattia Rossi mattia@technologist.com
        * modified for safe mode by juraj chlebec
        */
        function UpdateBlobFile($table,$column,$path,$where,$blobtype='BLOB')
        {
                pg_query($this->_connectionID, 'begin');

                $fd = fopen($path,'r');
                $contents = fread($fd,filesize($path));
                fclose($fd);

                $oid = pg_lo_create($this->_connectionID);
                $handle = pg_lo_open($this->_connectionID, $oid, 'w');
                pg_lo_write($handle, $contents);
                pg_lo_close($handle);

                // $oid = pg_lo_import ($path);
                pg_query($this->_connectionID, 'commit');
                $rs = ADOConnection::UpdateBlob($table,$column,$oid,$where,$blobtype);
                $rez = !empty($rs);
                return $rez;
        }

        /*
        * Deletes/Unlinks a Blob from the database, otherwise it
        * will be left behind
        *
        * Returns TRUE on success or FALSE on failure.
        *
        * contributed by Todd Rogers todd#windfox.net
        */
        function BlobDelete( $blob )
        {
                pg_query($this->_connectionID, 'begin');
                $result = @pg_lo_unlink($blob);
                pg_query($this->_connectionID, 'commit');
                return( $result );
        }

        /*
                Heuristic - not guaranteed to work.
        */
        function GuessOID($oid)
        {
                if (strlen($oid)>16) return false;
                return is_numeric($oid);
        }

        /*
        * If an OID is detected, then we use pg_lo_* to open the oid file and read the
        * real blob from the db using the oid supplied as a parameter. If you are storing
        * blobs using bytea, we autodetect and process it so this function is not needed.
        *
        * contributed by Mattia Rossi mattia@technologist.com
        *
        * see http://www.postgresql.org/idocs/index.php?largeobjects.html
        *
        * Since adodb 4.54, this returns the blob, instead of sending it to stdout. Also
        * added maxsize parameter, which defaults to $db->maxblobsize if not defined.
        */
        function BlobDecode($blob,$maxsize=false,$hastrans=true)
        {
                if (!$this->GuessOID($blob)) return $blob;

                if ($hastrans) pg_query($this->_connectionID,'begin');
                $fd = @pg_lo_open($this->_connectionID,$blob,'r');
                if ($fd === false) {
                        if ($hastrans) pg_query($this->_connectionID,'commit');
                        return $blob;
                }
                if (!$maxsize) $maxsize = $this->maxblobsize;
                $realblob = @pg_lo_read($fd,$maxsize);
                @pg_lo_close($fd);
                if ($hastrans) pg_query($this->_connectionID,'commit');
                return $realblob;
        }

        /**
         * Encode binary value prior to DB storage.
         *
         * See https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/static/datatype-binary.html
         *
         * NOTE: SQL string literals (input strings) must be preceded with two
         * backslashes due to the fact that they must pass through two parsers in
         * the PostgreSQL backend.
         *
         * @param string $blob
         */
        function BlobEncode($blob)
        {
                return pg_escape_bytea($this->_connectionID, $blob);
        }

        // assumes bytea for blob, and varchar for clob
        function UpdateBlob($table,$column,$val,$where,$blobtype='BLOB')
        {
                if ($blobtype == 'CLOB') {
                        return $this->Execute("UPDATE $table SET $column=" . $this->qstr($val) . " WHERE $where");
                }
                // do not use bind params which uses qstr(), as blobencode() already quotes data
                return $this->Execute("UPDATE $table SET $column='".$this->BlobEncode($val)."'::bytea WHERE $where");
        }

        function OffsetDate($dayFraction,$date=false)
        {
                if (!$date) $date = $this->sysDate;
                else if (strncmp($date,"'",1) == 0) {
                        $len = strlen($date);
                        if (10 <= $len && $len <= 12) $date = 'date '.$date;
                        else $date = 'timestamp '.$date;
                }


                return "($date+interval'".($dayFraction * 1440)." minutes')";
                #return "($date+interval'$dayFraction days')";
        }

        /**
         * Generate the SQL to retrieve MetaColumns data
         * @param string $table Table name
         * @param string $schema Schema name (can be blank)
         * @return string SQL statement to execute
         */
        protected function _generateMetaColumnsSQL($table, $schema)
        {
                if ($schema) {
                        return sprintf($this->metaColumnsSQL1, $table, $table, $schema);
                }
                else {
                        return sprintf($this->metaColumnsSQL, $table, $table, $schema);
                }
        }

        // for schema support, pass in the $table param "$schema.$tabname".
        // converts field names to lowercase, $upper is ignored
        // see PHPLens Issue No: 14018 for more info
        function MetaColumns($table,$normalize=true)
        {
                global $ADODB_FETCH_MODE;

                $schema = false;
                $false = false;
                $this->_findschema($table,$schema);

                if ($normalize) $table = strtolower($table);

                $save = $ADODB_FETCH_MODE;
                $ADODB_FETCH_MODE = ADODB_FETCH_NUM;
                if ($this->fetchMode !== false) $savem = $this->SetFetchMode(false);

                $rs = $this->Execute($this->_generateMetaColumnsSQL($table, $schema));
                if (isset($savem)) $this->SetFetchMode($savem);
                $ADODB_FETCH_MODE = $save;

                if ($rs === false) {
                        return $false;
                }
                if (!empty($this->metaKeySQL)) {
                        // If we want the primary keys, we have to issue a separate query
                        // Of course, a modified version of the metaColumnsSQL query using a
                        // LEFT JOIN would have been much more elegant, but postgres does
                        // not support OUTER JOINS. So here is the clumsy way.

                        $ADODB_FETCH_MODE = ADODB_FETCH_ASSOC;

                        $rskey = $this->Execute(sprintf($this->metaKeySQL,($table)));
                        // fetch all result in once for performance.
                        $keys = $rskey->GetArray();
                        if (isset($savem)) $this->SetFetchMode($savem);
                        $ADODB_FETCH_MODE = $save;

                        $rskey->Close();
                        unset($rskey);
                }

                $rsdefa = array();
                if (!empty($this->metaDefaultsSQL)) {
                        $ADODB_FETCH_MODE = ADODB_FETCH_ASSOC;
                        $sql = sprintf($this->metaDefaultsSQL, ($table));
                        $rsdef = $this->Execute($sql);
                        if (isset($savem)) $this->SetFetchMode($savem);
                        $ADODB_FETCH_MODE = $save;

                        if ($rsdef) {
                                while (!$rsdef->EOF) {
                                        $num = $rsdef->fields['num'];
                                        $s = $rsdef->fields['def'];
                                        if (strpos($s,'::')===false && substr($s, 0, 1) == "'") { /* quoted strings hack... for now... fixme */
                                                $s = substr($s, 1);
                                                $s = substr($s, 0, strlen($s) - 1);
                                        }

                                        $rsdefa[$num] = $s;
                                        $rsdef->MoveNext();
                                }
                        } else {
                                ADOConnection::outp( "==> SQL => " . $sql);
                        }
                        unset($rsdef);
                }

                $retarr = array();
                while (!$rs->EOF) {
                        $fld = new ADOFieldObject();
                        $fld->name = $rs->fields[0];
                        $fld->type = $rs->fields[1];
                        $fld->max_length = $rs->fields[2];
                        $fld->attnum = $rs->fields[6];

                        if ($fld->max_length <= 0) $fld->max_length = $rs->fields[3]-4;
                        if ($fld->max_length <= 0) $fld->max_length = -1;
                        if ($fld->type == 'numeric') {
                                $fld->scale = $fld->max_length & 0xFFFF;
                                $fld->max_length >>= 16;
                        }
                        // dannym
                        // 5 hasdefault; 6 num-of-column
                        $fld->has_default = ($rs->fields[5] == 't');
                        if ($fld->has_default) {
                                $fld->default_value = $rsdefa[$rs->fields[6]];
                        }

                        //Freek
                        $fld->not_null = $rs->fields[4] == 't';


                        // Freek
                        if (is_array($keys)) {
                                foreach($keys as $key) {
                                        if ($fld->name == $key['column_name'] AND $key['primary_key'] == 't')
                                                $fld->primary_key = true;
                                        if ($fld->name == $key['column_name'] AND $key['unique_key'] == 't')
                                                $fld->unique = true; // What name is more compatible?
                                }
                        }

                        if ($ADODB_FETCH_MODE == ADODB_FETCH_NUM) $retarr[] = $fld;
                        else $retarr[($normalize) ? strtoupper($fld->name) : $fld->name] = $fld;

                        $rs->MoveNext();
                }
                $rs->Close();
                if (empty($retarr))
                        return  $false;
                else
                        return $retarr;

        }

        function param($name, $type='C')
        {
                if (!$name) {
                        // Reset parameter number if $name is falsy
                        $this->_pnum = 0;
                        if ($name === false) {
                                // and don't return placeholder if false (see #380)
                                return '';
                        }
                }

                return '$' . ++$this->_pnum;
        }

        function MetaIndexes ($table, $primary = FALSE, $owner = false)
        {
                global $ADODB_FETCH_MODE;

                $schema = false;
                $this->_findschema($table,$schema);

                if ($schema) { // requires pgsql 7.3+ - pg_namespace used.
                        $sql = '
                                SELECT c.relname as "Name", i.indisunique as "Unique", i.indkey as "Columns"
                                FROM pg_catalog.pg_class c
                                JOIN pg_catalog.pg_index i ON i.indexrelid=c.oid
                                JOIN pg_catalog.pg_class c2 ON c2.oid=i.indrelid
                                        ,pg_namespace n
                                WHERE (c2.relname=\'%s\' or c2.relname=lower(\'%s\'))
                                and c.relnamespace=c2.relnamespace
                                and c.relnamespace=n.oid
                                and n.nspname=\'%s\'';
                } else {
                        $sql = '
                                SELECT c.relname as "Name", i.indisunique as "Unique", i.indkey as "Columns"
                                FROM pg_catalog.pg_class c
                                JOIN pg_catalog.pg_index i ON i.indexrelid=c.oid
                                JOIN pg_catalog.pg_class c2 ON c2.oid=i.indrelid
                                WHERE (c2.relname=\'%s\' or c2.relname=lower(\'%s\'))';
                }

                if ($primary == FALSE) {
                        $sql .= ' AND i.indisprimary=false;';
                }

                $save = $ADODB_FETCH_MODE;
                $ADODB_FETCH_MODE = ADODB_FETCH_NUM;
                if ($this->fetchMode !== FALSE) {
                        $savem = $this->SetFetchMode(FALSE);
                }

                $rs = $this->Execute(sprintf($sql,$table,$table,$schema));
                if (isset($savem)) {
                        $this->SetFetchMode($savem);
                }
                $ADODB_FETCH_MODE = $save;

                if (!is_object($rs)) {
                        $false = false;
                        return $false;
                }

                $col_names = $this->MetaColumnNames($table,true,true);
                // 3rd param is use attnum,
                // see https://sourceforge.net/p/adodb/bugs/45/
                $indexes = array();
                while ($row = $rs->FetchRow()) {
                        $columns = array();
                        foreach (explode(' ', $row[2]) as $col) {
                                $columns[] = $col_names[$col];
                        }

                        $indexes[$row[0]] = array(
                                'unique' => ($row[1] == 't'),
                                'columns' => $columns
                        );
                }
                return $indexes;
        }

        /**
         * Connect to a database.
         *
         * Examples:
         *   $db->Connect("host=host1 user=user1 password=secret port=4341");
         *   $db->Connect('host1:4341', 'user1', 'secret');
         *
         * @param string $str  pg_connect() Connection string or Hostname[:port]
         * @param string $user (Optional) The username to connect as.
         * @param string $pwd  (Optional) The password to connect with.
         * @param string $db   (Optional) The name of the database to start in when connected.
         * @param int $ctype   Connection type
         * @return bool|null   True if connected successfully, false if connection failed, or
         *                     null if the PostgreSQL extension is not loaded.
         */
        function _connect($str, $user='', $pwd='', $db='', $ctype=0)
        {
                if (!function_exists('pg_connect')) {
                        return null;
                }

                $this->_errorMsg = false;

                // If $user, $pwd and $db are all null, then $str is a pg_connect()
                // connection string. Otherwise we expect it to be a hostname,
                // with optional port separated by ':'
                if ($user || $pwd || $db) {
                        // Hostname & port
                        if ($str) {
                                $host = explode(':', $str);
                                if ($host[0]) {
                                        $conn['host'] = $host[0];
                                }
                                if (isset($host[1])) {
                                        $conn['port'] = (int)$host[1];
                                } elseif (!empty($this->port)) {
                                        $conn['port'] = $this->port;
                                }
                        }
                        $conn['user'] = $user;
                        $conn['password'] = $pwd;
                        // @TODO not sure why we default to 'template1', pg_connect() uses the username when dbname is empty
                        $conn['dbname'] = $db ?: 'template1';

                        // Generate connection string
                        $str = '';
                        foreach ($conn as $param => $value) {
                                // Escaping single quotes and backslashes per pg_connect() documentation
                                $str .= $param . "='" . addcslashes($value, "'\\") . "' ";
                        }
                }

                if ($ctype === 1) { // persistent
                        $this->_connectionID = pg_pconnect($str);
                } else {
                        if ($ctype === -1) { // nconnect, we trick pgsql ext by changing the connection str
                                static $ncnt;

                                if (empty($ncnt)) $ncnt = 1;
                                else $ncnt += 1;

                                $str .= str_repeat(' ',$ncnt);
                        }
                        $this->_connectionID = pg_connect($str);
                }
                if ($this->_connectionID === false) return false;
                $this->Execute("set datestyle='ISO'");

                $info = $this->ServerInfo(false);

                if (version_compare($info['version'], '7.1', '>=')) {
                        $this->_nestedSQL = true;
                }

                # PostgreSQL 9.0 changed the default output for bytea from 'escape' to 'hex'
                # PHP does not handle 'hex' properly ('x74657374' is returned as 't657374')
                # https://bugs.php.net/bug.php?id=59831 states this is in fact not a bug,
                # so we manually set bytea_output
                if (!empty($this->connection->noBlobs)
                        && version_compare($info['version'], '9.0', '>=')
                        && version_compare($info['client'], '9.2', '<')
                ) {
                        $this->Execute('set bytea_output=escape');
                }

                return true;
        }

        function _nconnect($argHostname, $argUsername, $argPassword, $argDatabaseName)
        {
                return $this->_connect($argHostname, $argUsername, $argPassword, $argDatabaseName,-1);
        }

        // returns true or false
        //
        // examples:
        //      $db->PConnect("host=host1 user=user1 password=secret port=4341");
        //      $db->PConnect('host1','user1','secret');
        function _pconnect($str,$user='',$pwd='',$db='')
        {
                return $this->_connect($str,$user,$pwd,$db,1);
        }


        // returns queryID or false
        function _query($sql,$inputarr=false)
        {
                $this->_pnum = 0;
                $this->_errorMsg = false;
                if ($inputarr) {
                /*
                        It appears that PREPARE/EXECUTE is slower for many queries.

                        For query executed 1000 times:
                        "select id,firstname,lastname from adoxyz
                                where firstname not like ? and lastname not like ? and id = ?"

                        with plan = 1.51861286163 secs
                        no plan =   1.26903700829 secs
                */
                        $plan = 'P'.md5($sql);

                        $execp = '';
                        foreach($inputarr as $v) {
                                if ($execp) $execp .= ',';
                                if (is_string($v)) {
                                        if (strncmp($v,"'",1) !== 0) $execp .= $this->qstr($v);
                                } else {
                                        $execp .= $v;
                                }
                        }

                        if ($execp) $exsql = "EXECUTE $plan ($execp)";
                        else $exsql = "EXECUTE $plan";


                        $rez = @pg_execute($this->_connectionID,$exsql);
                        if (!$rez) {
                        # Perhaps plan does not exist? Prepare/compile plan.
                                $params = '';
                                foreach($inputarr as $v) {
                                        if ($params) $params .= ',';
                                        if (is_string($v)) {
                                                $params .= 'VARCHAR';
                                        } else if (is_integer($v)) {
                                                $params .= 'INTEGER';
                                        } else {
                                                $params .= "REAL";
                                        }
                                }
                                $sqlarr = explode('?',$sql);
                                //print_r($sqlarr);
                                $sql = '';
                                $i = 1;
                                foreach($sqlarr as $v) {
                                        $sql .= $v.' $'.$i;
                                        $i++;
                                }
                                $s = "PREPARE $plan ($params) AS ".substr($sql,0,strlen($sql)-2);
                                //adodb_pr($s);
                                $rez = pg_execute($this->_connectionID,$s);
                                //echo $this->ErrorMsg();
                        }
                        if ($rez)
                                $rez = pg_execute($this->_connectionID,$exsql);
                } else {
                        //adodb_backtrace();
                        $rez = pg_query($this->_connectionID,$sql);
                }
                // check if no data returned, then no need to create real recordset
                if ($rez && pg_num_fields($rez) <= 0) {
                        if (is_resource($this->_resultid) && get_resource_type($this->_resultid) === 'pgsql result') {
                                pg_free_result($this->_resultid);
                        }
                        $this->_resultid = $rez;
                        return true;
                }

                return $rez;
        }

        function _errconnect()
        {
                if (defined('DB_ERROR_CONNECT_FAILED')) return DB_ERROR_CONNECT_FAILED;
                else return 'Database connection failed';
        }

        /*      Returns: the last error message from previous database operation        */
        function ErrorMsg()
        {
                if ($this->_errorMsg !== false) {
                        return $this->_errorMsg;
                }

                if (!empty($this->_resultid)) {
                        $this->_errorMsg = @pg_result_error($this->_resultid);
                        if ($this->_errorMsg) {
                                return $this->_errorMsg;
                        }
                }

                if (!empty($this->_connectionID)) {
                        $this->_errorMsg = @pg_last_error($this->_connectionID);
                } else {
                        $this->_errorMsg = $this->_errconnect();
                }

                return $this->_errorMsg;
        }

        function ErrorNo()
        {
                $e = $this->ErrorMsg();
                if (strlen($e)) {
                        return ADOConnection::MetaError($e);
                }
                return 0;
        }

        // returns true or false
        function _close()
        {
                if ($this->transCnt) $this->RollbackTrans();
                if ($this->_resultid) {
                        @pg_free_result($this->_resultid);
                        $this->_resultid = false;
                }
                @pg_close($this->_connectionID);
                $this->_connectionID = false;
                return true;
        }


        /*
        * Maximum size of C field
        */
        function CharMax()
        {
                return 1000000000;  // should be 1 Gb?
        }

        /*
        * Maximum size of X field
        */
        function TextMax()
        {
                return 1000000000; // should be 1 Gb?
        }


}

/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        Class Name: Recordset
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------*/

class ADORecordSet_postgres64 extends ADORecordSet{
        var $_blobArr;
        var $databaseType = "postgres64";
        var $canSeek = true;

        function __construct($queryID, $mode=false)
        {
                if ($mode === false) {
                        global $ADODB_FETCH_MODE;
                        $mode = $ADODB_FETCH_MODE;
                }
                switch ($mode)
                {
                case ADODB_FETCH_NUM: $this->fetchMode = PGSQL_NUM; break;
                case ADODB_FETCH_ASSOC:$this->fetchMode = PGSQL_ASSOC; break;

                case ADODB_FETCH_DEFAULT:
                case ADODB_FETCH_BOTH:
                default: $this->fetchMode = PGSQL_BOTH; break;
                }
                $this->adodbFetchMode = $mode;

                // Parent's constructor
                parent::__construct($queryID);
        }

        function GetRowAssoc($upper = ADODB_ASSOC_CASE)
        {
                if ($this->fetchMode == PGSQL_ASSOC && $upper == ADODB_ASSOC_CASE_LOWER) {
                        return $this->fields;
                }
                $row = ADORecordSet::GetRowAssoc($upper);
                return $row;
        }

        function _initRS()
        {
                global $ADODB_COUNTRECS;
                $qid = $this->_queryID;
                $this->_numOfRows = ($ADODB_COUNTRECS)? @pg_num_rows($qid):-1;
                $this->_numOfFields = @pg_num_fields($qid);

                // cache types for blob decode check
                // apparently pg_field_type actually performs an sql query on the database to get the type.
                if (empty($this->connection->noBlobs))
                for ($i=0, $max = $this->_numOfFields; $i < $max; $i++) {
                        if (pg_field_type($qid,$i) == 'bytea') {
                                $this->_blobArr[$i] = pg_field_name($qid,$i);
                        }
                }
        }

        function fields($colname)
        {
                if ($this->fetchMode != PGSQL_NUM) {
                        return @$this->fields[$colname];
                }

                if (!$this->bind) {
                        $this->bind = array();
                        for ($i=0; $i < $this->_numOfFields; $i++) {
                                $o = $this->FetchField($i);
                                $this->bind[strtoupper($o->name)] = $i;
                        }
                }
                return $this->fields[$this->bind[strtoupper($colname)]];
        }

        function fetchField($fieldOffset = 0)
        {
                // offsets begin at 0

                $o = new ADOFieldObject();
                $o->name = @pg_field_name($this->_queryID, $fieldOffset);
                $o->type = @pg_field_type($this->_queryID, $fieldOffset);
                $o->max_length = @pg_field_size($this->_queryID, $fieldOffset);
                return $o;
        }

        function _seek($row)
        {
                return @pg_fetch_row($this->_queryID,$row);
        }

        function _decode($blob)
        {
                if ($blob === NULL) return NULL;
//              eval('$realblob="'.str_replace(array('"','$'),array('\"','\$'),$blob).'";');
                return pg_unescape_bytea($blob);
        }

        function _fixblobs()
        {
                if ($this->fetchMode == PGSQL_NUM || $this->fetchMode == PGSQL_BOTH) {
                        foreach($this->_blobArr as $k => $v) {
                                $this->fields[$k] = ADORecordSet_postgres64::_decode($this->fields[$k]);
                        }
                }
                if ($this->fetchMode == PGSQL_ASSOC || $this->fetchMode == PGSQL_BOTH) {
                        foreach($this->_blobArr as $k => $v) {
                                $this->fields[$v] = ADORecordSet_postgres64::_decode($this->fields[$v]);
                        }
                }
        }

        // 10% speedup to move MoveNext to child class
        function MoveNext()
        {
                if (!$this->EOF) {
                        $this->_currentRow++;
                        if ($this->_numOfRows < 0 || $this->_numOfRows > $this->_currentRow) {
                                $this->fields = @pg_fetch_array($this->_queryID,$this->_currentRow,$this->fetchMode);
                                if (is_array($this->fields) && $this->fields) {
                                        if (isset($this->_blobArr)) $this->_fixblobs();
                                        return true;
                                }
                        }
                        $this->fields = false;
                        $this->EOF = true;
                }
                return false;
        }

        function _fetch()
        {

                if ($this->_currentRow >= $this->_numOfRows && $this->_numOfRows >= 0)
                        return false;

                $this->fields = @pg_fetch_array($this->_queryID,$this->_currentRow,$this->fetchMode);

                if ($this->fields && isset($this->_blobArr)) $this->_fixblobs();

                return (is_array($this->fields));
        }

        function _close()
        {
                if (!is_resource($this->_queryID)
                        || get_resource_type($this->_queryID) != 'pgsql result'
                ) {
                        return true;
                }
                return pg_free_result($this->_queryID);
        }

        function MetaType($t,$len=-1,$fieldobj=false)
        {
                if (is_object($t)) {
                        $fieldobj = $t;
                        $t = $fieldobj->type;
                        $len = $fieldobj->max_length;
                }
                switch (strtoupper($t)) {
                                case 'MONEY': // stupid, postgres expects money to be a string
                                case 'INTERVAL':
                                case 'CHAR':
                                case 'CHARACTER':
                                case 'VARCHAR':
                                case 'NAME':
                                case 'BPCHAR':
                                case '_VARCHAR':
                                case 'CIDR':
                                case 'INET':
                                case 'MACADDR':
                                        if ($len <= $this->blobSize) return 'C';

                                case 'TEXT':
                                        return 'X';

                                case 'IMAGE': // user defined type
                                case 'BLOB': // user defined type
                                case 'BIT':     // This is a bit string, not a single bit, so don't return 'L'
                                case 'VARBIT':
                                case 'BYTEA':
                                        return 'B';

                                case 'BOOL':
                                case 'BOOLEAN':
                                        return 'L';

                                case 'DATE':
                                        return 'D';


                                case 'TIMESTAMP WITHOUT TIME ZONE':
                                case 'TIME':
                                case 'DATETIME':
                                case 'TIMESTAMP':
                                case 'TIMESTAMPTZ':
                                        return 'T';

                                case 'SMALLINT':
                                case 'BIGINT':
                                case 'INTEGER':
                                case 'INT8':
                                case 'INT4':
                                case 'INT2':
                                        if (isset($fieldobj) &&
                                empty($fieldobj->primary_key) && (!$this->connection->uniqueIisR || empty($fieldobj->unique))) return 'I';

                                case 'OID':
                                case 'SERIAL':
                                        return 'R';

                                default:
                                        return ADODB_DEFAULT_METATYPE;
                        }
        }

}