mono/mini/main.c

   1 /*
   2  * main.c: The main entry point for the mono executable
   3  *
   4  * The main entry point does a few things:
   5  *
   6  *   * It probes whether the executable has a bundle appended
   7  *     at the end, and if so, registers the various bundled
   8  *     resources with Mono and executes the contained bundle
   9  *
  10  *   * Parses the MONO_ENV_OPTIONS variable to treat the
  11  *     contents of the variable as command line arguments for
  12  *     the mono runtime
  13  *
  14  *   * Launches Mono, by calling mono_main.
  15  */
  16 #include <config.h>
  17 #include <fcntl.h>
  18 #include <mono/metadata/assembly.h>
  19 #include <mono/metadata/mono-config.h>
  20 #include <mono/utils/mono-mmap.h>
  21 #include <mono/utils/mono-dl.h>
  22 #include "mini.h"
  23
  24 #ifdef HAVE_UNISTD_H
  25 #  include <unistd.h>
  26 #endif
  27 #ifdef HOST_WIN32
  28 #  include <io.h>
  29 #else
  30 #  ifndef BUILDVER_INCLUDED
  31 #    include "buildver-boehm.h"
  32 #  endif
  33 #endif
  34
  35 /*
  36  * If the MONO_ENV_OPTIONS environment variable is set, it uses this as a
  37  * source of command line arguments that are passed to Mono before the
  38  * command line arguments specified in the command line.
  39  */
  40 static int
  41 mono_main_with_options (int argc, char *argv [])
  42 {
  43         mono_parse_env_options (&argc, &argv);
  44
  45         return mono_main (argc, argv);
  46 }
  47
  48 /*
  49  * The Mono executable can initialize itself from a payload attached
  50  * at the end of the main program.   The payload contains the
  51  * main assembly, one or more managed assemblies, configuration
  52  * files and other assets that are used instead of launching a
  53  * program from the command line.
  54  *
  55  * The startup sequence probes for a magical signature at the end of
  56  * the executable, if the 16 characters "xmonkeysloveplay" are found,
  57  * the code expects the 64-bits just before it to contain an offset
  58  * within the executable with a directory of assets.
  59  *
  60  * All pointers in the file format are encoded as little-endian values
  61  *
  62  * The format of the file is thus:
  63  *
  64  * Location        Content
  65  * --------        -------
  66  * lenght-16       Optional "xmonkeysloveplay", indicating that a
  67  *                 bundled payload is contained in the executable.
  68  * length-24       pointer to the directory in the file, address DIR
  69  *
  70  * DIR             32-bit value with the number of entries in the directory
  71  * DIR+4           First directory entry.
  72  *
  73  * Each directory entry is made up of:
  74  * 4-bytes         uint32_t containing the size of a string (STR)
  75  * STRING          UTF8 encoded and \0 terminated string
  76  * 8-bytes         uint64_t offset in the file with the payload associated with STRING
  77  * 4-bytes         uint32_t size of the asset
  78  *
  79  * The following are the known directory entries, without the quotes:
  80  * "assembly:NAME"  An assembly with the name NAME, assembly is in the payload
  81  * "config:NAME"    A configuration file (usually file.dll.config) in the payload that is
  82  *                  loaded as the config file for an assembly
  83  * "systemconfig:"  Treats as a Mono system configuration, payload contains the config file.
  84  * "options:"       The payload contains command line options to initialize Mono, as if you
  85                     had set them on MONO_ENV_OPTIONS
  86  * "config_dir:DIR" Configures the MONO_PATH to point to point to DIR
  87  * "machineconfig:" The payload contains the machine.config file to use at runtime
  88  * "env:"           Sets the environment variable to the value encoded in the payload
  89  *                  payload contains: 1-byte lenght for the \0 terminated variable,
  90  *                  followed by the value.
  91  * "library:NAME"   Bundled dynamic library NAME, payload contains the dynamic library
  92  */
  93 #define STREAM_INT(x) GUINT32_TO_LE((*(uint32_t*)x))
  94 #define STREAM_LONG(x) GUINT64_TO_LE((*(uint64_t*)x))
  95
  96 /**
  97  * Loads a chunk of data from the file pointed to by the
  98  * @fd starting at the file offset @offset for @size bytes
  99  * and returns an allocated version of that string, or NULL
 100  * on error.
 101  */
 102 static char *
 103 load_from_region (int fd, uint64_t offset, uint64_t size)
 104 {
 105         char *buffer;
 106         off_t loc;
 107         int status;
 108
 109         do {
 110                 loc = lseek (fd, offset, SEEK_SET);
 111         } while (loc == -1 && errno == EINTR);
 112         if (loc == -1)
 113                 return NULL;
 114         buffer = g_malloc (size + 1);
 115         if (buffer == NULL)
 116                 return NULL;
 117         buffer [size] = 0;
 118         do {
 119                 status = read (fd, buffer, size);
 120         } while (status == -1 && errno == EINTR);
 121         if (status == -1){
 122                 g_free (buffer);
 123                 return NULL;
 124         }
 125         return buffer;
 126 }
 127
 128 /* Did we initialize the temporary directory for dynamic libraries */
 129 static int bundle_save_library_initialized;
 130
 131 /* List of bundled libraries we unpacked */
 132 static GSList *bundle_library_paths;
 133
 134 /* Directory where we unpacked dynamic libraries */
 135 static char *bundled_dylibrary_directory;
 136
 137 static void
 138 delete_bundled_libraries ()
 139 {
 140         GSList *list;
 141
 142         for (list = bundle_library_paths; list != NULL; list = list->next){
 143                 unlink (list->data);
 144         }
 145         rmdir (bundled_dylibrary_directory);
 146 }
 147
 148 static void
 149 bundle_save_library_initialize ()
 150 {
 151         bundle_save_library_initialized = 1;
 152         char *path = g_build_filename (g_get_tmp_dir (), "mono-bundle-XXXXXX", NULL);
 153         bundled_dylibrary_directory = g_mkdtemp (path);
 154         g_free (path);
 155         if (bundled_dylibrary_directory == NULL)
 156                 return;
 157         atexit (delete_bundled_libraries);
 158 }
 159
 160 static void
 161 save_library (int fd, uint64_t offset, uint64_t size, const char *destfname)
 162 {
 163         MonoDl *lib;
 164         char *file, *buffer, *err, *internal_path;
 165         if (!bundle_save_library_initialized)
 166                 bundle_save_library_initialize ();
 167
 168         file = g_build_filename (bundled_dylibrary_directory, destfname, NULL);
 169         buffer = load_from_region (fd, offset, size);
 170         g_file_set_contents (file, buffer, size, NULL);
 171
 172         lib = mono_dl_open (file, MONO_DL_LAZY, &err);
 173         if (lib == NULL){
 174                 fprintf (stderr, "Error loading shared library: %s %s\n", file, err);
 175                 exit (1);
 176         }
 177         // Register the name with "." as this is how it will be found when embedded
 178         internal_path = g_build_filename (".", destfname, NULL);
 179         mono_loader_register_module (internal_path, lib);
 180         g_free (internal_path);
 181         bundle_library_paths = g_slist_append (bundle_library_paths, file);
 182
 183         g_free (buffer);
 184 }
 185
 186 static gboolean
 187 probe_embedded (const char *program, int *ref_argc, char **ref_argv [])
 188 {
 189         MonoBundledAssembly last = { NULL, 0, 0 };
 190         char sigbuffer [16+sizeof (uint64_t)];
 191         gboolean status = FALSE;
 192         uint64_t directory_location;
 193         off_t sigstart, baseline = 0;
 194         uint64_t directory_size;
 195         char *directory, *p;
 196         int items, i;
 197         unsigned char *mapaddress = NULL;
 198         void *maphandle = NULL;
 199         GArray *assemblies;
 200         char *entry_point = NULL;
 201         char **new_argv;
 202         int j;
 203
 204         int fd = open (program, O_RDONLY);
 205         if (fd == -1)
 206                 return FALSE;
 207         if ((sigstart = lseek (fd, -24, SEEK_END)) == -1)
 208                 goto doclose;
 209         if (read (fd, sigbuffer, sizeof (sigbuffer)) == -1)
 210                 goto doclose;
 211         if (memcmp (sigbuffer+sizeof(uint64_t), "xmonkeysloveplay", 16) != 0)
 212                 goto doclose;
 213         directory_location = GUINT64_FROM_LE ((*(uint64_t *) &sigbuffer [0]));
 214         if (lseek (fd, directory_location, SEEK_SET) == -1)
 215                 goto doclose;
 216         directory_size = sigstart-directory_location;
 217         directory = g_malloc (directory_size);
 218         if (directory == NULL)
 219                 goto doclose;
 220         if (read (fd, directory, directory_size) == -1)
 221                 goto dofree;
 222
 223         items = STREAM_INT (directory);
 224         p = directory+4;
 225
 226         assemblies = g_array_new (0, 0, sizeof (MonoBundledAssembly*));
 227         for (i = 0; i < items; i++){
 228                 char *kind;
 229                 int strsize = STREAM_INT (p);
 230                 uint64_t offset, item_size;
 231                 kind = p+4;
 232                 p += 4 + strsize;
 233                 offset = STREAM_LONG(p);
 234                 p += 8;
 235                 item_size = STREAM_INT (p);
 236                 p += 4;
 237
 238                 if (mapaddress == NULL){
 239                         mapaddress = mono_file_map (directory_location-offset, MONO_MMAP_READ | MONO_MMAP_PRIVATE, fd, offset, &maphandle);
 240                         if (mapaddress == NULL){
 241                                 perror ("Error mapping file");
 242                                 exit (1);
 243                         }
 244                         baseline = offset;
 245                 }
 246                 if (strncmp (kind, "assembly:", strlen ("assembly:")) == 0){
 247                         char *aname = kind + strlen ("assembly:");
 248                         MonoBundledAssembly mba = { aname, mapaddress + offset - baseline, item_size }, *ptr;
 249                         ptr = g_new (MonoBundledAssembly, 1);
 250                         memcpy (ptr, &mba, sizeof (MonoBundledAssembly));
 251                         g_array_append_val  (assemblies, ptr);
 252                         if (entry_point == NULL)
 253                                 entry_point = aname;
 254                 } else if (strncmp (kind, "config:", strlen ("config:")) == 0){
 255                         char *config = kind + strlen ("config:");
 256                         char *aname = g_strdup (config);
 257                         aname [strlen(aname)-strlen(".config")] = 0;
 258                         mono_register_config_for_assembly (aname, load_from_region (fd, offset, item_size));
 259                 } else if (strncmp (kind, "systemconfig:", strlen ("systemconfig:")) == 0){
 260                         mono_config_parse_memory (load_from_region (fd, offset, item_size));
 261                 } else if (strncmp (kind, "options:", strlen ("options:")) == 0){
 262                         mono_parse_options_from (load_from_region (fd, offset, item_size), ref_argc, ref_argv);
 263                 } else if (strncmp (kind, "config_dir:", strlen ("config_dir:")) == 0){
 264                         mono_set_dirs (getenv ("MONO_PATH"), load_from_region (fd, offset, item_size));
 265                 } else if (strncmp (kind, "machineconfig:", strlen ("machineconfig:")) == 0) {
 266                         mono_register_machine_config (load_from_region (fd, offset, item_size));
 267                 } else if (strncmp (kind, "env:", strlen ("env:")) == 0){
 268                         char *data = load_from_region (fd, offset, item_size);
 269                         uint8_t count = *data++;
 270                         char *value = data + count + 1;
 271                         g_setenv (data, value, FALSE);
 272                 } else if (strncmp (kind, "library:", strlen ("library:")) == 0){
 273                         save_library (fd, offset, item_size, kind + strlen ("library:"));
 274                 } else {
 275                         fprintf (stderr, "Unknown stream on embedded package: %s\n", kind);
 276                         exit (1);
 277                 }
 278         }
 279         g_array_append_val (assemblies, last);
 280
 281         mono_register_bundled_assemblies ((const MonoBundledAssembly **) assemblies->data);
 282         new_argv = g_new (char *, (*ref_argc)+1);
 283         new_argv [0] = (*ref_argv)[0];
 284         new_argv [1] = entry_point;
 285         for (j = 1; j < *ref_argc; j++)
 286                 new_argv [j+1] = (*ref_argv)[j];
 287         *ref_argv = new_argv;
 288         (*ref_argc)++;
 289
 290         return TRUE;
 291
 292 dofree:
 293         g_free (directory);
 294 doclose:
 295         if (!status)
 296                 close (fd);
 297         return status;
 298 }
 299
 300 #ifdef HOST_WIN32
 301
 302 #include <shellapi.h>
 303
 304 int
 305 main (void)
 306 {
 307         TCHAR szFileName[MAX_PATH];
 308         int argc;
 309         gunichar2** argvw;
 310         gchar** argv;
 311         int i;
 312         DWORD count;
 313
 314         argvw = CommandLineToArgvW (GetCommandLine (), &argc);
 315         argv = g_new0 (gchar*, argc + 1);
 316         for (i = 0; i < argc; i++)
 317                 argv [i] = g_utf16_to_utf8 (argvw [i], -1, NULL, NULL, NULL);
 318         argv [argc] = NULL;
 319
 320         LocalFree (argvw);
 321
 322         if ((count = GetModuleFileName (NULL, szFileName, MAX_PATH)) != 0){
 323                 char *entry = g_utf16_to_utf8 (szFileName, count, NULL, NULL, NULL);
 324                 probe_embedded (entry, &argc, &argv);
 325         }
 326
 327         return mono_main_with_options  (argc, argv);
 328 }
 329
 330 #else
 331
 332 int
 333 main (int argc, char* argv[])
 334 {
 335         mono_build_date = build_date;
 336
 337         probe_embedded (argv [0], &argc, &argv);
 338         return mono_main_with_options (argc, argv);
 339 }
 340
 341 #endif