1 .\" Copyright (c) 1993 by Thomas Koenig (ig25@rz.uni-karlsruhe.de)
3 .\" %%%LICENSE_START(VERBATIM)
4 .\" Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of this
5 .\" manual provided the copyright notice and this permission notice are
6 .\" preserved on all copies.
8 .\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
9 .\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
10 .\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
11 .\" permission notice identical to this one.
13 .\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
14 .\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
15 .\" responsibility for errors or omissions, or for damages resulting from
16 .\" the use of the information contained herein. The author(s) may not
17 .\" have taken the same level of care in the production of this manual,
18 .\" which is licensed free of charge, as they might when working
21 .\" Formatted or processed versions of this manual, if unaccompanied by
22 .\" the source, must acknowledge the copyright and authors of this work.
25 .\" Modified Sat Jul 24 17:35:15 1993 by Rik Faith <faith@cs.unc.edu>
26 .\" Modified Sun Feb 19 22:02:32 1995 by Rik Faith <faith@cs.unc.edu>
27 .\" Modified Tue Oct 22 23:28:12 1996 by Eric S. Raymond <esr@thyrsus.com>
28 .\" Modified Sun Jan 26 21:56:56 1997 by Ralph Schleicher
29 .\" <rs@purple.UL.BaWue.DE>
30 .\" Modified Mon Jun 16 20:24:58 1997 by Nicolás Lichtmaier <nick@debian.org>
31 .\" Modified Sun Oct 18 22:11:28 1998 by Joseph S. Myers <jsm28@cam.ac.uk>
32 .\" Modified Mon Nov 16 17:24:47 1998 by Andries Brouwer <aeb@cwi.nl>
33 .\" Modified Thu Nov 16 23:28:25 2000 by David A. Wheeler
34 .\" <dwheeler@dwheeler.com>
36 .\" "nroff" ("man") (or "tbl") needs a long page to avoid warnings
37 .\" from "grotty" (at imagined page breaks). Bug in grotty?
39 .TH SUFFIXES 7 2020-08-13 "Linux" "Linux Programmer's Manual"
41 suffixes \- list of file suffixes
43 It is customary to indicate the contents of a file with the file suffix,
44 which (typically) consists of a period, followed by one or more letters.
45 Many standard utilities, such as compilers, use this to recognize the type of
46 file they are dealing with.
49 utility is driven by rules based on file suffix.
51 Following is a list of suffixes which are likely to be found on a
59 ,v files for RCS (Revision Control System)
61 .C C++ source code, equivalent to \fI.cc\fP
62 .F Fortran source with \fBcpp\fP(1) directives
63 or file compressed using freeze
64 .S assembler source with \fBcpp\fP(1) directives
65 .Y file compressed using yabba
66 .Z file compressed using \fBcompress\fP(1)
67 .[0\-9]+gf TeX generic font files
68 .[0\-9]+pk TeX packed font files
69 .[1\-9] manual page for the corresponding section
70 .[1\-9][a-z] manual page for section plus subsection
71 .a static object code library
72 .ad X application default resource file
73 .ada Ada source (may be body, spec, or combination)
76 .afm PostScript font metrics
77 .al Perl autoload file
78 .am \fBautomake\fP(1) input file
79 .arc \fBarc\fP(1) archive
80 .arj \fBarj\fP(1) archive
81 .asc PGP ASCII-armored data
82 .asm (GNU) assembler source file
84 .aux LaTeX auxiliary file
86 .awk AWK language program
87 .b LILO boot loader image
89 .bash \fBbash\fP(1) shell script
90 .bb basic block list data produced by
92 .bbg basic block graph data produced by
96 .bib TeX bibliographic database, BibTeX input
99 .bz2 file compressed using \fBbzip2\fP(1)
101 .cat message catalog files
103 .cf configuration file
104 .cfg configuration file
105 .cgi WWW content generating script or program
106 .cls LaTeX Class definition
107 .class Java compiled byte-code
108 .conf configuration file
109 .config configuration file
110 .cpp equivalent to \fI.cc\fR
111 .csh \fBcsh\fP(1) shell script
112 .cxx equivalent to \fI.cc\fR
114 .deb Debian software package
115 .def Modula-2 source for definition modules
116 .def other definition files
117 .desc initial part of mail message unpacked with
119 .diff file differences (\fBdiff\fP(1) command output)
120 .dir dbm data base directory file
121 .doc documentation file
122 .dsc Debian Source Control (source package)
123 .dtx LaTeX package source file
124 .dvi TeX's device independent output
125 .el Emacs-Lisp source
126 .elc compiled Emacs-Lisp source
127 .eps encapsulated PostScript
128 .exp Expect source code
130 .f77 Fortran 77 source
131 .f90 Fortran 90 source
132 .fas precompiled Common-Lisp
133 .fi Fortran include files
134 .fig FIG image file (used by \fBxfig\fP(1))
136 .gif Compuserve Graphics Image File format
137 .gmo GNU format message catalog
138 .gsf Ghostscript fonts
139 .gz file compressed using \fBgzip\fP(1)
140 .h C or C++ header files
142 .hf equivalent to \fI.help\fP
143 .hlp equivalent to \fI.help\fP
144 .htm poor man's \fI.html\fP
145 .html HTML document used with the World Wide Web
146 .hqx 7-bit encoded Macintosh file
147 .i C source after preprocessing
149 .idx reference or datum-index file for hypertext
152 .in configuration template, especially for GNU Autoconf
153 .info files for the Emacs info browser
154 .info-[0\-9]+ split info files
155 .ins LaTeX package install file for docstrip
156 .itcl itcl source code;
157 itcl ([incr Tcl]) is an OO extension of tcl
158 .java a Java source file
159 .jpeg Joint Photographic Experts Group format
160 .jpg poor man's \fI.jpeg\fP
161 .kmap \fBlyx\fP(1) keymap
162 .l equivalent to \fI.lex\fP or \fI.lisp\fP
163 .lex \fBlex\fP(1) or \fBflex\fP(1) files
165 .lib Common-Lisp library
167 .ln files for use with \fBlint\fP(1)
168 .log log file, in particular produced by TeX
169 .lsm Linux Software Map entry
170 .lsp Common-Lisp source
172 .m Objective-C source code
173 .m4 \fBm4\fP(1) source
174 .mac macro files for various programs
175 .man manual page (usually source rather than formatted)
176 .map map files for various programs
177 .me Nroff source using the me macro package
178 .mf Metafont (font generator for TeX) source
180 .mm sources for \fBgroff\fP(1) in mm - format
181 .mo Message catalog binary file
182 .mod Modula-2 source for implementation modules
183 .mov (quicktime) movie
185 .mp2 MPEG Layer 2 (audio) file
186 .mp3 MPEG Layer 3 (audio) file
189 .old old or backup file
190 .orig backup (original) version of a file, from \fBpatch\fP(1)
191 .out output file, often executable program (a.out)
193 .pag dbm data base data file
194 .patch file differences for \fBpatch\fP(1)
195 .pbm portable bitmap format
197 .pdf Adobe Portable Data Format
198 (use Acrobat/\fBacroread\fP or \fBxpdf\fP)
199 .perl Perl source (see .ph, .pl, and .pm)
200 .pfa PostScript font definition files, ASCII format
201 .pfb PostScript font definition files, binary format
202 .pgm portable greymap format
205 .php PHP program file
206 .php3 PHP3 program file
207 .pid File to store daemon PID (e.g., crond.pid)
208 .pl TeX property list file or Perl library file
210 .png Portable Network Graphics file
211 .po Message catalog source
212 .pod \fBperldoc\fP(1) file
213 .ppm portable pixmap format
219 .r RATFOR source (obsolete)
220 .rej patches that \fBpatch\fP(1) couldn't apply
221 .rpm RPM software package
222 .rtf Rich Text Format file
223 .rules rules for something
225 .sa stub libraries for a.out shared libraries
226 .sc \fBsc\fP(1) spreadsheet commands
227 .scm Scheme source code
229 .sgml SGML source file
230 .sh \fBsh\fP(1) scripts
231 .shar archive created by the \fBshar\fP(1) utility
232 .so Shared library or dynamically loadable object
234 .sqml SQML schema or query program
235 .sty LaTeX style files
236 .sym Modula-2 compiled definition modules
237 .tar archive created by the \fBtar\fP(1) utility
238 .tar.Z tar(1) archive compressed with \fBcompress\fP(1)
239 .tar.bz2 tar(1) archive compressed with \fBbzip2\fP(1)
240 .tar.gz tar(1) archive compressed with \fBgzip\fP(1)
241 .taz tar(1) archive compressed with \fBcompress\fP(1)
243 .tex TeX or LaTeX source
244 .texi equivalent to \fI.texinfo\fP
245 .texinfo Texinfo documentation source
247 .tfm TeX font metric file
248 .tgz tar archive compressed with \fBgzip\fP(1)
249 .tif poor man's \fI.tiff\fP
250 .tiff Tagged Image File Format
254 .txt equivalent to \fI.text\fP
255 .uu equivalent to \fI.uue\fP
256 .uue binary file encoded with \fBuuencode\fP(1)
257 .vf TeX virtual font file
258 .vpl TeX virtual property list file
259 .w Silvio Levi's CWEB
261 .web Donald Knuth's WEB
262 .wml Source file for Web Meta Language
263 .xbm X11 bitmap source
265 .xml eXtended Markup Language file
266 .xpm X11 pixmap source
267 .xs Perl xsub file produced by h2xs
269 .y \fByacc\fP(1) or \fBbison\fP(1) (parser generator) files
270 .z File compressed using \fBpack\fP(1) (or an old \fBgzip\fP(1))
271 .zip \fBzip\fP(1) archive
272 .zoo \fBzoo\fP(1) archive
273 \(ti Emacs or \fBpatch\fP(1) backup file
274 rc startup (`run control') file, e.g., \fI.newsrc\fP
277 General UNIX conventions.
279 This list is not exhaustive.