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27 .TH KEXEC_LOAD 2 2021-03-22 "Linux" "Linux Programmer's Manual"
29 kexec_load, kexec_file_load \- load a new kernel for later execution
32 .BR "#include <linux/kexec.h>" " /* Definition of " KEXEC_* " constants */"
33 .BR "#include <sys/syscall.h>" " /* Definition of " SYS_* " constants */"
34 .B #include <unistd.h>
36 .BI "long syscall(SYS_kexec_load, unsigned long " entry ,
37 .BI " unsigned long " nr_segments \
38 ", struct kexec_segment *" segments ,
39 .BI " unsigned long " flags );
40 .BI "long syscall(SYS_kexec_file_load, int " kernel_fd ", int " initrd_fd ,
41 .BI " unsigned long " cmdline_len ", const char *" cmdline ,
42 .BI " unsigned long " flags );
46 glibc provides no wrappers for these system calls,
47 necessitating the use of
52 system call loads a new kernel that can be executed later by
57 argument is a bit mask that controls the operation of the call.
58 The following values can be specified in
61 .BR KEXEC_ON_CRASH " (since Linux 2.6.13)"
62 Execute the new kernel automatically on a system crash.
63 This "crash kernel" is loaded into an area of reserved memory that
64 is determined at boot time using the
66 kernel command-line parameter.
67 The location of this reserved memory is exported to user space via the
69 file, in an entry labeled "Crash kernel".
70 A user-space application can parse this file and prepare a list of
71 segments (see below) that specify this reserved memory as destination.
72 If this flag is specified, the kernel checks that the
73 target segments specified in
75 fall within the reserved region.
77 .BR KEXEC_PRESERVE_CONTEXT " (since Linux 2.6.27)"
78 Preserve the system hardware and
79 software states before executing the new kernel.
80 This could be used for system suspend.
81 This flag is available only if the kernel was configured with
82 .BR CONFIG_KEXEC_JUMP ,
83 and is effective only if
87 The high-order bits (corresponding to the mask 0xffff0000) of
89 contain the architecture of the to-be-executed kernel.
90 Specify (OR) the constant
92 to use the current architecture,
93 or one of the following architecture constants
96 .BR KEXEC_ARCH_X86_64 ,
98 .BR KEXEC_ARCH_PPC64 ,
99 .BR KEXEC_ARCH_IA_64 ,
101 .BR KEXEC_ARCH_S390 ,
103 .BR KEXEC_ARCH_MIPS ,
105 .BR KEXEC_ARCH_MIPS_LE .
106 The architecture must be executable on the CPU of the system.
110 argument is the physical entry address in the kernel image.
113 argument is the number of segments pointed to by the
116 the kernel imposes an (arbitrary) limit of 16 on the number of segments.
119 argument is an array of
121 structures which define the kernel layout:
125 struct kexec_segment {
126 void *buf; /* Buffer in user space */
127 size_t bufsz; /* Buffer length in user space */
128 void *mem; /* Physical address of kernel */
129 size_t memsz; /* Physical address length */
134 The kernel image defined by
136 is copied from the calling process into
137 the kernel either in regular
138 memory or in reserved memory (if
141 The kernel first performs various sanity checks on the
142 information passed in
144 If these checks pass, the kernel copies the segment data to kernel memory.
145 Each segment specified in
147 is copied as follows:
152 identify a memory region in the caller's virtual address space
153 that is the source of the copy.
156 may not exceed the value in the
163 specify a physical address range that is the target of the copy.
164 The values specified in both fields must be multiples of
165 the system page size.
168 bytes are copied from the source buffer to the target kernel buffer.
173 then the excess bytes in the kernel buffer are zeroed out.
175 In case of a normal kexec (i.e., the
177 flag is not set), the segment data is loaded in any available memory
178 and is moved to the final destination at kexec reboot time (e.g., when the
180 command is executed with the
184 In case of kexec on panic (i.e., the
186 flag is set), the segment data is
187 loaded to reserved memory at the time of the call, and, after a crash,
188 the kexec mechanism simply passes control to that kernel.
192 system call is available only if the kernel was configured with
194 .SS kexec_file_load()
196 .BR kexec_file_load ()
197 system call is similar to
199 but it takes a different set of arguments.
200 It reads the kernel to be loaded from the file referred to by
203 and the initrd (initial RAM disk)
204 to be loaded from file referred to by the file descriptor
208 argument is a pointer to a buffer containing the command line
212 argument specifies size of the buffer.
213 The last byte in the buffer must be a null byte (\(aq\e0\(aq).
217 argument is a bit mask which modifies the behavior of the call.
218 The following values can be specified in
221 .BR KEXEC_FILE_UNLOAD
222 Unload the currently loaded kernel.
224 .BR KEXEC_FILE_ON_CRASH
225 Load the new kernel in the memory region reserved for the crash kernel
227 .BR KEXEC_ON_CRASH ).
228 This kernel is booted if the currently running kernel crashes.
230 .BR KEXEC_FILE_NO_INITRAMFS
231 Loading initrd/initramfs is optional.
232 Specify this flag if no initramfs is being loaded.
233 If this flag is set, the value passed in
238 .BR kexec_file_load ()
239 .\" See also http://lwn.net/Articles/603116/
240 system call was added to provide support for systems
241 where "kexec" loading should be restricted to
242 only kernels that are signed.
243 This system call is available only if the kernel was configured with
244 .BR CONFIG_KEXEC_FILE .
246 On success, these system calls returns 0.
247 On error, \-1 is returned and
249 is set to indicate the error.
253 .\" See kernel/kexec.::sanity_check_segment_list in the 3.19 kernel source
256 flags was specified, but the region specified by the
262 entries lies outside the range of memory reserved for the crash kernel.
271 entries is not a multiple of the system page size.
277 is not a valid file descriptor.
280 Another crash kernel is already being loaded
281 or a crash kernel is already in use.
292 entries exceeds the value in the corresponding
299 .BR KEXEC_SEGMENT_MAX
303 Two or more of the kernel target buffers overlap.
307 .I cmdline[cmdline_len\-1]
311 The file referred to by
315 is empty (length zero).
319 does not refer to an open file, or the kernel can't load this file.
320 Currently, the file must be a bzImage and contain an x86 kernel that
321 is loadable above 4\ GiB in memory (see the kernel source file
322 .IR Documentation/x86/boot.txt ).
325 Could not allocate memory.
328 The caller does not have the
334 system call first appeared in Linux 2.6.13.
336 .BR kexec_file_load ()
337 system call first appeared in Linux 3.17.
339 These system calls are Linux-specific.
345 The kernel source files
346 .IR Documentation/kdump/kdump.txt
348 .IR Documentation/admin\-guide/kernel\-parameters.txt