1 .\" Copyright 2001 walter harms (walter.harms@informatik.uni-oldenburg.de)
2 .\" and Copyright 2008, Linux Foundation, written by Michael Kerrisk
3 .\" <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
5 .\" %%%LICENSE_START(VERBATIM)
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11 .\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
12 .\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
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15 .\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
16 .\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
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18 .\" the use of the information contained herein. The author(s) may not
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20 .\" which is licensed free of charge, as they might when working
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27 .\" Modified, 2001-12-26, aeb
28 .\" 2008-09-07, mtk, Various rewrites; added an example program.
30 .TH GETDATE 3 2021-03-22 "" "Linux Programmer's Manual"
32 getdate, getdate_r \- convert a date-plus-time string to broken-down time
35 .B "#include <time.h>"
37 .BI "struct tm *getdate(const char *" string );
39 .B "extern int getdate_err;"
41 .B "#include <time.h>"
43 .BI "int getdate_r(const char *restrict " string ", struct tm *restrict " res );
47 Feature Test Macro Requirements for glibc (see
48 .BR feature_test_macros (7)):
54 .\" || _XOPEN_SOURCE && _XOPEN_SOURCE_EXTENDED
64 converts a string representation of a date and time,
65 contained in the buffer pointed to by
67 into a broken-down time.
68 The broken-down time is stored in a
70 structure, and a pointer to this
71 structure is returned as the function result.
74 structure is allocated in static storage,
75 and consequently it will be overwritten by further calls to
84 uses the formats found in the file
85 whose full pathname is given in the environment variable
87 The first line in the file that matches the given input string
88 is used for the conversion.
90 The matching is done case insensitively.
91 Superfluous whitespace, either in the pattern or in the string to
92 be converted, is ignored.
94 The conversion specifications that a pattern can contain are those given for
96 One more conversion specification is specified in POSIX.1-2001:
100 .\" FIXME Is it (still) true that %Z is not supported in glibc?
101 .\" Looking at the glibc 2.21 source code, where the implementation uses
102 .\" strptime(), suggests that it might be supported.
103 This is not implemented in glibc.
107 is given, the structure containing the broken-down time
108 is initialized with values corresponding to the current
109 time in the given timezone.
110 Otherwise, the structure is initialized to the broken-down time
111 corresponding to the current local time (as by a call to
114 When only the day of the week is given,
115 the day is taken to be the first such day
118 When only the month is given (and no year), the month is taken to
119 be the first such month equal to or after the current month.
120 If no day is given, it is the first day of the month.
122 When no hour, minute, and second are given, the current
123 hour, minute, and second are taken.
125 If no date is given, but we know the hour, then that hour is taken
126 to be the first such hour equal to or after the current hour.
129 is a GNU extension that provides a reentrant version of
131 Rather than using a global variable to report errors and a static buffer
132 to return the broken down time,
133 it returns errors via the function result value,
134 and returns the resulting broken-down time in the
135 caller-allocated buffer pointed to by the argument
140 returns a pointer to a
142 Otherwise, it returns NULL and sets the global variable
144 to one of the error numbers shown below.
152 on error it returns one of the error numbers shown below.
154 The following errors are returned via
158 or as the function result (for
164 environment variable is not defined, or its value is an empty string.
167 The template file specified by
169 cannot be opened for reading.
172 Failed to get file status information.
176 The template file is not a regular file.
179 An error was encountered while reading the template file.
182 Memory allocation failed (not enough memory available).
183 .\" Error 6 doesn't seem to occur in glibc
186 There is no line in the file that matches the input.
189 Invalid input specification.
193 File containing format patterns.
199 For an explanation of the terms used in this section, see
207 Interface Attribute Value
211 MT-Unsafe race:getdate env locale
223 POSIX.1-2001, POSIX.1-2008.
225 The POSIX.1 specification for
227 contains conversion specifications using the
231 modifier, while such specifications are not given for
237 so that precisely the same conversions are supported by both.
239 The program below calls
241 for each of its command-line arguments,
242 and for each call displays the values in the fields of the returned
245 The following shell session demonstrates the operation of the program:
249 .RB "$" " TFILE=$PWD/tfile"
250 .RB "$" " echo \(aq%A\(aq > $TFILE " " # Full name of the day of the week"
251 .RB "$" " echo \(aq%T\(aq >> $TFILE" " # ISO date (YYYY\-MM\-DD)"
252 .RB "$" " echo \(aq%F\(aq >> $TFILE" " # Time (HH:MM:SS)"
254 .RB "$" " export DATEMSK=$TFILE"
255 .RB "$" " ./a.out Tuesday \(aq2009\-12\-28\(aq \(aq12:22:33\(aq"
256 Sun Sep 7 06:03:36 CEST 2008
257 Call 1 ("Tuesday") succeeded:
267 Call 2 ("2009\-12\-28") succeeded:
277 Call 3 ("12:22:33") succeeded:
298 main(int argc, char *argv[])
302 for (int j = 1; j < argc; j++) {
303 tmp = getdate(argv[j]);
306 printf("Call %d failed; getdate_err = %d\en",
311 printf("Call %d (\e"%s\e") succeeded:\en", j, argv[j]);
312 printf(" tm_sec = %d\en", tmp\->tm_sec);
313 printf(" tm_min = %d\en", tmp\->tm_min);
314 printf(" tm_hour = %d\en", tmp\->tm_hour);
315 printf(" tm_mday = %d\en", tmp\->tm_mday);
316 printf(" tm_mon = %d\en", tmp\->tm_mon);
317 printf(" tm_year = %d\en", tmp\->tm_year);
318 printf(" tm_wday = %d\en", tmp\->tm_wday);
319 printf(" tm_yday = %d\en", tmp\->tm_yday);
320 printf(" tm_isdst = %d\en", tmp\->tm_isdst);