1 .\" Copyright 1995 James R. Van Zandt <jrv@vanzandt.mv.com>
3 .\" %%%LICENSE_START(VERBATIM)
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25 .\" Changed Tue Sep 19 01:49:29 1995, aeb: moved from man2 to man3
26 .\" added ref to /etc/utmp, added BUGS section, etc.
27 .\" modified 2003 Walter Harms, aeb - added getlogin_r, note on stdin use
28 .TH GETLOGIN 3 2021-03-22 "GNU" "Linux Programmer's Manual"
30 getlogin, getlogin_r, cuserid \- get username
33 .B #include <unistd.h>
35 .B "char *getlogin(void);"
36 .BI "int getlogin_r(char *" buf ", size_t " bufsize );
40 .BI "char *cuserid(char *" string );
44 Feature Test Macro Requirements for glibc (see
45 .BR feature_test_macros (7)):
50 .\" Deprecated: _REENTRANT ||
51 _POSIX_C_SOURCE >= 199506L
57 (_XOPEN_SOURCE && ! (_POSIX_C_SOURCE >= 200112L)
59 Up to and including glibc 2.23:
64 returns a pointer to a string containing the name of
65 the user logged in on the controlling terminal of the process, or a
66 null pointer if this information cannot be determined.
68 statically allocated and might be overwritten on subsequent calls to
73 returns this same username in the array
79 returns a pointer to a string containing a username
80 associated with the effective user ID of the process.
82 is not a null pointer, it should be an array that can hold at least
83 \fBL_cuserid\fP characters; the string is returned in this array.
84 Otherwise, a pointer to a string in a static area is returned.
86 string is statically allocated and might be overwritten on subsequent
87 calls to this function or to
90 The macro \fBL_cuserid\fP is an integer constant that indicates how
91 long an array you might need to store a username.
92 \fBL_cuserid\fP is declared in \fI<stdio.h>\fP.
94 These functions let your program identify positively the user who is
97 or the user who logged in this session
99 (These can differ when set-user-ID programs are involved.)
101 For most purposes, it is more useful to use the environment variable
102 \fBLOGNAME\fP to find out who the user is.
103 This is more flexible
104 precisely because the user can set \fBLOGNAME\fP arbitrarily.
107 returns a pointer to the username when successful,
108 and NULL on failure, with
110 set to indicate the error.
112 returns 0 when successful, and nonzero on failure.
117 The per-process limit on the number of open file descriptors has been reached.
120 The system-wide limit on the total number of open files has been reached.
123 The calling process has no controlling terminal.
127 The length of the username, including the terminating null byte (\(aq\e0\(aq),
131 Linux/glibc also has:
134 There was no corresponding entry in the utmp-file.
137 Insufficient memory to allocate passwd structure.
140 Standard input didn't refer to a terminal.
145 password database file
148 (traditionally \fI/etc/utmp\fP;
149 some libc versions used \fI/var/adm/utmp\fP)
151 For an explanation of the terms used in this section, see
159 Interface Attribute Value
163 MT-Unsafe race:getlogin race:utent
164 sig:ALRM timer locale
169 MT-Unsafe race:utent sig:ALRM timer
175 MT-Unsafe race:cuserid/!string locale
185 signifies that if any of the functions
190 are used in parallel in different threads of a program,
191 then data races could occur.
195 call those functions,
196 so we use race:utent to remind users.
201 POSIX.1-2001, POSIX.1-2008.
205 function which uses the real
206 user ID rather than the effective user ID.
210 was included in the 1988 version of POSIX,
211 but removed from the 1990 version.
212 It was present in SUSv2, but removed in POSIX.1-2001.
219 associated with a session, even if it has no controlling terminal.
221 Unfortunately, it is often rather easy to fool
223 Sometimes it does not work at all, because some program messed up
225 Often, it gives only the first 8 characters of
227 The user currently logged in on the controlling terminal
228 of our program need not be the user who started it.
231 for security-related purposes.
233 Note that glibc does not follow the POSIX specification and uses
238 (Other recent systems, like SunOS 5.8 and HP-UX 11.11 and FreeBSD 4.8
239 all return the login name also when
243 Nobody knows precisely what
245 does; avoid it in portable programs.
246 Or avoid it altogether: use
247 .I getpwuid(geteuid())