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27 .TH INET_PTON 3 2021-03-22 "Linux" "Linux Programmer's Manual"
29 inet_pton \- convert IPv4 and IPv6 addresses from text to binary form
32 .B #include <arpa/inet.h>
34 .BI "int inet_pton(int " af ", const char *restrict " src \
35 ", void *restrict " dst );
38 This function converts the character string
40 into a network address structure in the
44 the network address structure to
48 argument must be either
53 is written in network byte order.
55 The following address families are currently supported:
59 points to a character string containing an IPv4 network address in
60 dotted-decimal format, "\fIddd.ddd.ddd.ddd\fP", where
62 is a decimal number of up to three digits in the range 0 to 255.
63 The address is converted to a
68 .I sizeof(struct in_addr)
69 (4) bytes (32 bits) long.
73 points to a character string containing an IPv6 network address.
74 The address is converted to a
79 .I sizeof(struct in6_addr)
80 (16) bytes (128 bits) long.
81 The allowed formats for IPv6 addresses follow these rules:
84 The preferred format is
86 This form consists of eight hexadecimal numbers,
87 each of which expresses a 16-bit value (i.e., each
89 can be up to 4 hex digits).
91 A series of contiguous zero values in the preferred format
96 can occur in an address.
97 For example, the loopback address
101 The wildcard address, consisting of all zeros, can be written as
104 An alternate format is useful for expressing IPv4-mapped IPv6 addresses.
105 This form is written as
106 .IR x:x:x:x:x:x:d.d.d.d ,
107 where the six leading
109 are hexadecimal values that define the six most-significant
110 16-bit pieces of the address (i.e., 96 bits), and the
112 express a value in dotted-decimal notation that
113 defines the least significant 32 bits of the address.
114 An example of such an address is
115 .IR ::FFFF:204.152.189.116 .
118 See RFC 2373 for further details on the representation of IPv6 addresses.
121 returns 1 on success (network address was successfully converted).
124 does not contain a character string representing a valid network
125 address in the specified address family.
128 does not contain a valid address family, \-1 is returned and
133 For an explanation of the terms used in this section, see
141 Interface Attribute Value
144 T} Thread safety MT-Safe locale
150 POSIX.1-2001, POSIX.1-2008.
157 supports IPv6 addresses.
160 accepts only IPv4 addresses in dotted-decimal notation, whereas
164 allow the more general numbers-and-dots notation (hexadecimal
165 and octal number formats, and formats that don't require all
166 four bytes to be explicitly written).
167 For an interface that handles both IPv6 addresses, and IPv4
168 addresses in numbers-and-dots notation, see
172 does not recognize IPv4 addresses.
173 An explicit IPv4-mapped IPv6 address must be supplied in
177 The program below demonstrates the use of
181 Here are some example runs:
185 .RB "$" " ./a.out i6 0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0"
187 .RB "$" " ./a.out i6 1:0:0:0:0:0:0:8"
189 .RB "$" " ./a.out i6 0:0:0:0:0:FFFF:204.152.189.116"
190 ::ffff:204.152.189.116
196 #include <arpa/inet.h>
202 main(int argc, char *argv[])
204 unsigned char buf[sizeof(struct in6_addr)];
206 char str[INET6_ADDRSTRLEN];
209 fprintf(stderr, "Usage: %s {i4|i6|<num>} string\en", argv[0]);
213 domain = (strcmp(argv[1], "i4") == 0) ? AF_INET :
214 (strcmp(argv[1], "i6") == 0) ? AF_INET6 : atoi(argv[1]);
216 s = inet_pton(domain, argv[2], buf);
219 fprintf(stderr, "Not in presentation format");
225 if (inet_ntop(domain, buf, str, INET6_ADDRSTRLEN) == NULL) {
230 printf("%s\en", str);