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26 .TH PTHREAD_SETSCHEDPARAM 3 2021-03-22 "Linux" "Linux Programmer's Manual"
28 pthread_setschedparam, pthread_getschedparam \- set/get
29 scheduling policy and parameters of a thread
32 .B #include <pthread.h>
34 .BI "int pthread_setschedparam(pthread_t " thread ", int " policy ,
35 .BI " const struct sched_param *" param );
36 .BI "int pthread_getschedparam(pthread_t " thread ", int *restrict " policy ,
37 .BI " struct sched_param *restrict " param );
39 Compile and link with \fI\-pthread\fP.
43 .BR pthread_setschedparam ()
44 function sets the scheduling policy and parameters of the thread
48 specifies the new scheduling policy for
50 The supported values for
52 and their semantics, are described in
54 .\" FIXME . pthread_setschedparam() places no restriction on the policy,
55 .\" but pthread_attr_setschedpolicy() restricts policy to RR/FIFO/OTHER
56 .\" http://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=7013
58 The structure pointed to by
60 specifies the new scheduling parameters for
62 Scheduling parameters are maintained in the following structure:
67 int sched_priority; /* Scheduling priority */
72 As can be seen, only one scheduling parameter is supported.
73 For details of the permitted ranges for scheduling priorities
74 in each scheduling policy, see
78 .BR pthread_getschedparam ()
79 function returns the scheduling policy and parameters of the thread
81 in the buffers pointed to by
86 The returned priority value is that set by the most recent
87 .BR pthread_setschedparam (),
88 .BR pthread_setschedprio (3),
90 .BR pthread_create (3)
93 The returned priority does not reflect any temporary priority adjustments
94 as a result of calls to any priority inheritance or
95 priority ceiling functions (see, for example,
96 .BR pthread_mutexattr_setprioceiling (3)
98 .BR pthread_mutexattr_setprotocol (3)).
99 .\" FIXME . nptl/pthread_setschedparam.c has the following
100 .\" /* If the thread should have higher priority because of some
101 .\" PTHREAD_PRIO_PROTECT mutexes it holds, adjust the priority. */
102 .\" Eventually (perhaps after writing the mutexattr pages), we
103 .\" may want to add something on the topic to this page.
105 On success, these functions return 0;
106 on error, they return a nonzero error number.
108 .BR pthread_setschedparam ()
109 fails, the scheduling policy and parameters of
113 Both of these functions can fail with the following error:
116 No thread with the ID
120 .BR pthread_setschedparam ()
121 may additionally fail with the following errors:
125 is not a recognized policy, or
127 does not make sense for the
131 The caller does not have appropriate privileges
132 to set the specified scheduling policy and parameters.
134 POSIX.1 also documents an
136 ("attempt was made to set the policy or scheduling parameters
137 to an unsupported value") error for
138 .BR pthread_setschedparam ().
140 .\" Available since glibc 2.0
142 For an explanation of the terms used in this section, see
150 Interface Attribute Value
152 .BR pthread_setschedparam (),
153 .BR pthread_getschedparam ()
154 T} Thread safety MT-Safe
160 POSIX.1-2001, POSIX.1-2008.
162 For a description of the permissions required to, and the effect of,
163 changing a thread's scheduling policy and priority,
164 and details of the permitted ranges for priorities
165 in each scheduling policy, see
168 The program below demonstrates the use of
169 .BR pthread_setschedparam ()
171 .BR pthread_getschedparam (),
172 as well as the use of a number of other scheduling-related
175 In the following run, the main thread sets its scheduling policy to
177 with a priority of 10,
178 and initializes a thread attributes object with
179 a scheduling policy attribute of
181 and a scheduling priority attribute of 20.
182 The program then sets (using
183 .BR pthread_attr_setinheritsched (3))
184 the inherit scheduler attribute of the thread attributes object to
185 .BR PTHREAD_EXPLICIT_SCHED ,
186 meaning that threads created using this attributes object should
187 take their scheduling attributes from the thread attributes object.
188 The program then creates a thread using the thread attributes object,
189 and that thread displays its scheduling policy and priority.
193 $ \fBsu\fP # Need privilege to set real\-time scheduling policies
195 # \fB./a.out \-mf10 \-ar20 \-i e\fP
196 Scheduler settings of main thread
197 policy=SCHED_FIFO, priority=10
199 Scheduler settings in \(aqattr\(aq
200 policy=SCHED_RR, priority=20
201 inheritsched is EXPLICIT
203 Scheduler attributes of new thread
204 policy=SCHED_RR, priority=20
208 In the above output, one can see that the scheduling policy and priority
209 were taken from the values specified in the thread attributes object.
211 The next run is the same as the previous,
212 except that the inherit scheduler attribute is set to
213 .BR PTHREAD_INHERIT_SCHED ,
214 meaning that threads created using the thread attributes object should
215 ignore the scheduling attributes specified in the attributes object
216 and instead take their scheduling attributes from the creating thread.
220 # \fB./a.out \-mf10 \-ar20 \-i i\fP
221 Scheduler settings of main thread
222 policy=SCHED_FIFO, priority=10
224 Scheduler settings in \(aqattr\(aq
225 policy=SCHED_RR, priority=20
226 inheritsched is INHERIT
228 Scheduler attributes of new thread
229 policy=SCHED_FIFO, priority=10
233 In the above output, one can see that the scheduling policy and priority
234 were taken from the creating thread,
235 rather than the thread attributes object.
237 Note that if we had omitted the
239 option, the output would have been the same, since
240 .BR PTHREAD_INHERIT_SCHED
241 is the default for the inherit scheduler attribute.
245 /* pthreads_sched_test.c */
253 #define handle_error_en(en, msg) \e
254 do { errno = en; perror(msg); exit(EXIT_FAILURE); } while (0)
257 usage(char *prog_name, char *msg)
262 fprintf(stderr, "Usage: %s [options]\en", prog_name);
263 fprintf(stderr, "Options are:\en");
264 #define fpe(msg) fprintf(stderr, "\et%s", msg); /* Shorter */
265 fpe("\-a<policy><prio> Set scheduling policy and priority in\en");
266 fpe(" thread attributes object\en");
267 fpe(" <policy> can be\en");
268 fpe(" f SCHED_FIFO\en");
269 fpe(" r SCHED_RR\en");
270 fpe(" o SCHED_OTHER\en");
271 fpe("\-A Use default thread attributes object\en");
272 fpe("\-i {e|i} Set inherit scheduler attribute to\en");
273 fpe(" \(aqexplicit\(aq or \(aqinherit\(aq\en");
274 fpe("\-m<policy><prio> Set scheduling policy and priority on\en");
275 fpe(" main thread before pthread_create() call\en");
280 get_policy(char p, int *policy)
283 case \(aqf\(aq: *policy = SCHED_FIFO; return 1;
284 case \(aqr\(aq: *policy = SCHED_RR; return 1;
285 case \(aqo\(aq: *policy = SCHED_OTHER; return 1;
291 display_sched_attr(int policy, struct sched_param *param)
293 printf(" policy=%s, priority=%d\en",
294 (policy == SCHED_FIFO) ? "SCHED_FIFO" :
295 (policy == SCHED_RR) ? "SCHED_RR" :
296 (policy == SCHED_OTHER) ? "SCHED_OTHER" :
298 param\->sched_priority);
302 display_thread_sched_attr(char *msg)
305 struct sched_param param;
307 s = pthread_getschedparam(pthread_self(), &policy, ¶m);
309 handle_error_en(s, "pthread_getschedparam");
311 printf("%s\en", msg);
312 display_sched_attr(policy, ¶m);
316 thread_start(void *arg)
318 display_thread_sched_attr("Scheduler attributes of new thread");
324 main(int argc, char *argv[])
326 int s, opt, inheritsched, use_null_attrib, policy;
329 pthread_attr_t *attrp;
330 char *attr_sched_str, *main_sched_str, *inheritsched_str;
331 struct sched_param param;
333 /* Process command\-line options. */
336 attr_sched_str = NULL;
337 main_sched_str = NULL;
338 inheritsched_str = NULL;
340 while ((opt = getopt(argc, argv, "a:Ai:m:")) != \-1) {
342 case \(aqa\(aq: attr_sched_str = optarg; break;
343 case \(aqA\(aq: use_null_attrib = 1; break;
344 case \(aqi\(aq: inheritsched_str = optarg; break;
345 case \(aqm\(aq: main_sched_str = optarg; break;
346 default: usage(argv[0], "Unrecognized option\en");
350 if (use_null_attrib &&
351 (inheritsched_str != NULL || attr_sched_str != NULL))
352 usage(argv[0], "Can\(aqt specify \-A with \-i or \-a\en");
354 /* Optionally set scheduling attributes of main thread,
355 and display the attributes. */
357 if (main_sched_str != NULL) {
358 if (!get_policy(main_sched_str[0], &policy))
359 usage(argv[0], "Bad policy for main thread (\-m)\en");
360 param.sched_priority = strtol(&main_sched_str[1], NULL, 0);
362 s = pthread_setschedparam(pthread_self(), policy, ¶m);
364 handle_error_en(s, "pthread_setschedparam");
367 display_thread_sched_attr("Scheduler settings of main thread");
370 /* Initialize thread attributes object according to options. */
374 if (!use_null_attrib) {
375 s = pthread_attr_init(&attr);
377 handle_error_en(s, "pthread_attr_init");
381 if (inheritsched_str != NULL) {
382 if (inheritsched_str[0] == \(aqe\(aq)
383 inheritsched = PTHREAD_EXPLICIT_SCHED;
384 else if (inheritsched_str[0] == \(aqi\(aq)
385 inheritsched = PTHREAD_INHERIT_SCHED;
387 usage(argv[0], "Value for \-i must be \(aqe\(aq or \(aqi\(aq\en");
389 s = pthread_attr_setinheritsched(&attr, inheritsched);
391 handle_error_en(s, "pthread_attr_setinheritsched");
394 if (attr_sched_str != NULL) {
395 if (!get_policy(attr_sched_str[0], &policy))
397 "Bad policy for \(aqattr\(aq (\-a)\en");
398 param.sched_priority = strtol(&attr_sched_str[1], NULL, 0);
400 s = pthread_attr_setschedpolicy(&attr, policy);
402 handle_error_en(s, "pthread_attr_setschedpolicy");
403 s = pthread_attr_setschedparam(&attr, ¶m);
405 handle_error_en(s, "pthread_attr_setschedparam");
408 /* If we initialized a thread attributes object, display
409 the scheduling attributes that were set in the object. */
412 s = pthread_attr_getschedparam(&attr, ¶m);
414 handle_error_en(s, "pthread_attr_getschedparam");
415 s = pthread_attr_getschedpolicy(&attr, &policy);
417 handle_error_en(s, "pthread_attr_getschedpolicy");
419 printf("Scheduler settings in \(aqattr\(aq\en");
420 display_sched_attr(policy, ¶m);
422 s = pthread_attr_getinheritsched(&attr, &inheritsched);
423 printf(" inheritsched is %s\en",
424 (inheritsched == PTHREAD_INHERIT_SCHED) ? "INHERIT" :
425 (inheritsched == PTHREAD_EXPLICIT_SCHED) ? "EXPLICIT" :
430 /* Create a thread that will display its scheduling attributes. */
432 s = pthread_create(&thread, attrp, &thread_start, NULL);
434 handle_error_en(s, "pthread_create");
436 /* Destroy unneeded thread attributes object. */
438 if (!use_null_attrib) {
439 s = pthread_attr_destroy(&attr);
441 handle_error_en(s, "pthread_attr_destroy");
444 s = pthread_join(thread, NULL);
446 handle_error_en(s, "pthread_join");
455 .BR sched_get_priority_min (2),
456 .BR pthread_attr_init (3),
457 .BR pthread_attr_setinheritsched (3),
458 .BR pthread_attr_setschedparam (3),
459 .BR pthread_attr_setschedpolicy (3),
460 .BR pthread_create (3),
461 .BR pthread_self (3),
462 .BR pthread_setschedprio (3),