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34 .\" @(#)daemon.3 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/9/93
35 .\" Added mentioning of glibc weirdness wrt unistd.h. 5/11/98, Al Viro
36 .TH DAEMON 3 2021-03-22 "GNU" "Linux Programmer's Manual"
38 daemon \- run in the background
41 .B #include <unistd.h>
43 .BI "int daemon(int " nochdir ", int " noclose );
47 Feature Test Macro Requirements for glibc (see
48 .BR feature_test_macros (7)):
54 .\" commit 266865c0e7b79d4196e2cc393693463f03c90bd8
56 In glibc 2.19 and 2.20:
57 _DEFAULT_SOURCE || (_XOPEN_SOURCE && _XOPEN_SOURCE < 500)
58 Up to and including glibc 2.19:
59 _BSD_SOURCE || (_XOPEN_SOURCE && _XOPEN_SOURCE < 500)
64 function is for programs wishing to detach themselves from the
65 controlling terminal and run in the background as system daemons.
71 changes the process's current working directory
72 to the root directory ("/");
73 otherwise, the current working directory is left unchanged.
79 redirects standard input, standard output, and standard error
82 otherwise, no changes are made to these file descriptors.
84 (This function forks, and if the
86 succeeds, the parent calls
87 .\" not .IR in order not to underline _
89 so that further errors are seen by the child only.)
97 to any of the errors specified for the
102 For an explanation of the terms used in this section, see
110 Interface Attribute Value
113 T} Thread safety MT-Safe
120 A similar function appears on the BSDs.
123 function first appeared in 4.4BSD.
125 The glibc implementation can also return \-1 when
127 exists but is not a character device with the expected
128 major and minor numbers.
133 The GNU C library implementation of this function was taken from BSD,
134 and does not employ the double-fork technique (i.e.,
138 that is necessary to ensure that the resulting daemon process is
139 not a session leader.
140 Instead, the resulting daemon
143 .\" FIXME . https://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=19144
144 .\" Tested using a program that uses daemon() and then opens an
145 .\" otherwise unused console device (/dev/ttyN) that does not
146 .\" have an associated getty process.
147 On systems that follow System V semantics (e.g., Linux),
148 this means that if the daemon opens a terminal that is not
149 already a controlling terminal for another session,
150 then that terminal will inadvertently become
151 the controlling terminal for the daemon.