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1 /*
2 * linux/mm/slab.c
3 * Written by Mark Hemment, 1996/97.
4 * (markhe@nextd.demon.co.uk)
6 * kmem_cache_destroy() + some cleanup - 1999 Andrea Arcangeli
8 * Major cleanup, different bufctl logic, per-cpu arrays
9 * (c) 2000 Manfred Spraul
11 * Cleanup, make the head arrays unconditional, preparation for NUMA
12 * (c) 2002 Manfred Spraul
14 * An implementation of the Slab Allocator as described in outline in;
15 * UNIX Internals: The New Frontiers by Uresh Vahalia
16 * Pub: Prentice Hall ISBN 0-13-101908-2
17 * or with a little more detail in;
18 * The Slab Allocator: An Object-Caching Kernel Memory Allocator
19 * Jeff Bonwick (Sun Microsystems).
20 * Presented at: USENIX Summer 1994 Technical Conference
22 * The memory is organized in caches, one cache for each object type.
23 * (e.g. inode_cache, dentry_cache, buffer_head, vm_area_struct)
24 * Each cache consists out of many slabs (they are small (usually one
25 * page long) and always contiguous), and each slab contains multiple
26 * initialized objects.
28 * This means, that your constructor is used only for newly allocated
29 * slabs and you must pass objects with the same intializations to
30 * kmem_cache_free.
32 * Each cache can only support one memory type (GFP_DMA, GFP_HIGHMEM,
33 * normal). If you need a special memory type, then must create a new
34 * cache for that memory type.
36 * In order to reduce fragmentation, the slabs are sorted in 3 groups:
37 * full slabs with 0 free objects
38 * partial slabs
39 * empty slabs with no allocated objects
41 * If partial slabs exist, then new allocations come from these slabs,
42 * otherwise from empty slabs or new slabs are allocated.
44 * kmem_cache_destroy() CAN CRASH if you try to allocate from the cache
45 * during kmem_cache_destroy(). The caller must prevent concurrent allocs.
47 * Each cache has a short per-cpu head array, most allocs
48 * and frees go into that array, and if that array overflows, then 1/2
49 * of the entries in the array are given back into the global cache.
50 * The head array is strictly LIFO and should improve the cache hit rates.
51 * On SMP, it additionally reduces the spinlock operations.
53 * The c_cpuarray may not be read with enabled local interrupts -
54 * it's changed with a smp_call_function().
56 * SMP synchronization:
57 * constructors and destructors are called without any locking.
58 * Several members in struct kmem_cache and struct slab never change, they
59 * are accessed without any locking.
60 * The per-cpu arrays are never accessed from the wrong cpu, no locking,
61 * and local interrupts are disabled so slab code is preempt-safe.
62 * The non-constant members are protected with a per-cache irq spinlock.
64 * Many thanks to Mark Hemment, who wrote another per-cpu slab patch
65 * in 2000 - many ideas in the current implementation are derived from
66 * his patch.
68 * Further notes from the original documentation:
70 * 11 April '97. Started multi-threading - markhe
71 * The global cache-chain is protected by the mutex 'cache_chain_mutex'.
72 * The sem is only needed when accessing/extending the cache-chain, which
73 * can never happen inside an interrupt (kmem_cache_create(),
74 * kmem_cache_shrink() and kmem_cache_reap()).
76 * At present, each engine can be growing a cache. This should be blocked.
78 * 15 March 2005. NUMA slab allocator.
79 * Shai Fultheim <shai@scalex86.org>.
80 * Shobhit Dayal <shobhit@calsoftinc.com>
81 * Alok N Kataria <alokk@calsoftinc.com>
82 * Christoph Lameter <christoph@lameter.com>
84 * Modified the slab allocator to be node aware on NUMA systems.
85 * Each node has its own list of partial, free and full slabs.
86 * All object allocations for a node occur from node specific slab lists.
89 #include <linux/config.h>
90 #include <linux/slab.h>
91 #include <linux/mm.h>
92 #include <linux/poison.h>
93 #include <linux/swap.h>
94 #include <linux/cache.h>
95 #include <linux/interrupt.h>
96 #include <linux/init.h>
97 #include <linux/compiler.h>
98 #include <linux/cpuset.h>
99 #include <linux/seq_file.h>
100 #include <linux/notifier.h>
101 #include <linux/kallsyms.h>
102 #include <linux/cpu.h>
103 #include <linux/sysctl.h>
104 #include <linux/module.h>
105 #include <linux/rcupdate.h>
106 #include <linux/string.h>
107 #include <linux/nodemask.h>
108 #include <linux/mempolicy.h>
109 #include <linux/mutex.h>
111 #include <asm/uaccess.h>
112 #include <asm/cacheflush.h>
113 #include <asm/tlbflush.h>
114 #include <asm/page.h>
117 * DEBUG - 1 for kmem_cache_create() to honour; SLAB_DEBUG_INITIAL,
118 * SLAB_RED_ZONE & SLAB_POISON.
119 * 0 for faster, smaller code (especially in the critical paths).
121 * STATS - 1 to collect stats for /proc/slabinfo.
122 * 0 for faster, smaller code (especially in the critical paths).
124 * FORCED_DEBUG - 1 enables SLAB_RED_ZONE and SLAB_POISON (if possible)
127 #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_SLAB
128 #define DEBUG 1
129 #define STATS 1
130 #define FORCED_DEBUG 1
131 #else
132 #define DEBUG 0
133 #define STATS 0
134 #define FORCED_DEBUG 0
135 #endif
137 /* Shouldn't this be in a header file somewhere? */
138 #define BYTES_PER_WORD sizeof(void *)
140 #ifndef cache_line_size
141 #define cache_line_size() L1_CACHE_BYTES
142 #endif
144 #ifndef ARCH_KMALLOC_MINALIGN
146 * Enforce a minimum alignment for the kmalloc caches.
147 * Usually, the kmalloc caches are cache_line_size() aligned, except when
148 * DEBUG and FORCED_DEBUG are enabled, then they are BYTES_PER_WORD aligned.
149 * Some archs want to perform DMA into kmalloc caches and need a guaranteed
150 * alignment larger than BYTES_PER_WORD. ARCH_KMALLOC_MINALIGN allows that.
151 * Note that this flag disables some debug features.
153 #define ARCH_KMALLOC_MINALIGN 0
154 #endif
156 #ifndef ARCH_SLAB_MINALIGN
158 * Enforce a minimum alignment for all caches.
159 * Intended for archs that get misalignment faults even for BYTES_PER_WORD
160 * aligned buffers. Includes ARCH_KMALLOC_MINALIGN.
161 * If possible: Do not enable this flag for CONFIG_DEBUG_SLAB, it disables
162 * some debug features.
164 #define ARCH_SLAB_MINALIGN 0
165 #endif
167 #ifndef ARCH_KMALLOC_FLAGS
168 #define ARCH_KMALLOC_FLAGS SLAB_HWCACHE_ALIGN
169 #endif
171 /* Legal flag mask for kmem_cache_create(). */
172 #if DEBUG
173 # define CREATE_MASK (SLAB_DEBUG_INITIAL | SLAB_RED_ZONE | \
174 SLAB_POISON | SLAB_HWCACHE_ALIGN | \
175 SLAB_CACHE_DMA | \
176 SLAB_MUST_HWCACHE_ALIGN | SLAB_STORE_USER | \
177 SLAB_RECLAIM_ACCOUNT | SLAB_PANIC | \
178 SLAB_DESTROY_BY_RCU | SLAB_MEM_SPREAD)
179 #else
180 # define CREATE_MASK (SLAB_HWCACHE_ALIGN | \
181 SLAB_CACHE_DMA | SLAB_MUST_HWCACHE_ALIGN | \
182 SLAB_RECLAIM_ACCOUNT | SLAB_PANIC | \
183 SLAB_DESTROY_BY_RCU | SLAB_MEM_SPREAD)
184 #endif
187 * kmem_bufctl_t:
189 * Bufctl's are used for linking objs within a slab
190 * linked offsets.
192 * This implementation relies on "struct page" for locating the cache &
193 * slab an object belongs to.
194 * This allows the bufctl structure to be small (one int), but limits
195 * the number of objects a slab (not a cache) can contain when off-slab
196 * bufctls are used. The limit is the size of the largest general cache
197 * that does not use off-slab slabs.
198 * For 32bit archs with 4 kB pages, is this 56.
199 * This is not serious, as it is only for large objects, when it is unwise
200 * to have too many per slab.
201 * Note: This limit can be raised by introducing a general cache whose size
202 * is less than 512 (PAGE_SIZE<<3), but greater than 256.
205 typedef unsigned int kmem_bufctl_t;
206 #define BUFCTL_END (((kmem_bufctl_t)(~0U))-0)
207 #define BUFCTL_FREE (((kmem_bufctl_t)(~0U))-1)
208 #define BUFCTL_ACTIVE (((kmem_bufctl_t)(~0U))-2)
209 #define SLAB_LIMIT (((kmem_bufctl_t)(~0U))-3)
212 * struct slab
214 * Manages the objs in a slab. Placed either at the beginning of mem allocated
215 * for a slab, or allocated from an general cache.
216 * Slabs are chained into three list: fully used, partial, fully free slabs.
218 struct slab {
219 struct list_head list;
220 unsigned long colouroff;
221 void *s_mem; /* including colour offset */
222 unsigned int inuse; /* num of objs active in slab */
223 kmem_bufctl_t free;
224 unsigned short nodeid;
228 * struct slab_rcu
230 * slab_destroy on a SLAB_DESTROY_BY_RCU cache uses this structure to
231 * arrange for kmem_freepages to be called via RCU. This is useful if
232 * we need to approach a kernel structure obliquely, from its address
233 * obtained without the usual locking. We can lock the structure to
234 * stabilize it and check it's still at the given address, only if we
235 * can be sure that the memory has not been meanwhile reused for some
236 * other kind of object (which our subsystem's lock might corrupt).
238 * rcu_read_lock before reading the address, then rcu_read_unlock after
239 * taking the spinlock within the structure expected at that address.
241 * We assume struct slab_rcu can overlay struct slab when destroying.
243 struct slab_rcu {
244 struct rcu_head head;
245 struct kmem_cache *cachep;
246 void *addr;
250 * struct array_cache
252 * Purpose:
253 * - LIFO ordering, to hand out cache-warm objects from _alloc
254 * - reduce the number of linked list operations
255 * - reduce spinlock operations
257 * The limit is stored in the per-cpu structure to reduce the data cache
258 * footprint.
261 struct array_cache {
262 unsigned int avail;
263 unsigned int limit;
264 unsigned int batchcount;
265 unsigned int touched;
266 spinlock_t lock;
267 void *entry[0]; /*
268 * Must have this definition in here for the proper
269 * alignment of array_cache. Also simplifies accessing
270 * the entries.
271 * [0] is for gcc 2.95. It should really be [].
276 * bootstrap: The caches do not work without cpuarrays anymore, but the
277 * cpuarrays are allocated from the generic caches...
279 #define BOOT_CPUCACHE_ENTRIES 1
280 struct arraycache_init {
281 struct array_cache cache;
282 void *entries[BOOT_CPUCACHE_ENTRIES];
286 * The slab lists for all objects.
288 struct kmem_list3 {
289 struct list_head slabs_partial; /* partial list first, better asm code */
290 struct list_head slabs_full;
291 struct list_head slabs_free;
292 unsigned long free_objects;
293 unsigned int free_limit;
294 unsigned int colour_next; /* Per-node cache coloring */
295 spinlock_t list_lock;
296 struct array_cache *shared; /* shared per node */
297 struct array_cache **alien; /* on other nodes */
298 unsigned long next_reap; /* updated without locking */
299 int free_touched; /* updated without locking */
303 * Need this for bootstrapping a per node allocator.
305 #define NUM_INIT_LISTS (2 * MAX_NUMNODES + 1)
306 struct kmem_list3 __initdata initkmem_list3[NUM_INIT_LISTS];
307 #define CACHE_CACHE 0
308 #define SIZE_AC 1
309 #define SIZE_L3 (1 + MAX_NUMNODES)
312 * This function must be completely optimized away if a constant is passed to
313 * it. Mostly the same as what is in linux/slab.h except it returns an index.
315 static __always_inline int index_of(const size_t size)
317 extern void __bad_size(void);
319 if (__builtin_constant_p(size)) {
320 int i = 0;
322 #define CACHE(x) \
323 if (size <=x) \
324 return i; \
325 else \
326 i++;
327 #include "linux/kmalloc_sizes.h"
328 #undef CACHE
329 __bad_size();
330 } else
331 __bad_size();
332 return 0;
335 static int slab_early_init = 1;
337 #define INDEX_AC index_of(sizeof(struct arraycache_init))
338 #define INDEX_L3 index_of(sizeof(struct kmem_list3))
340 static void kmem_list3_init(struct kmem_list3 *parent)
342 INIT_LIST_HEAD(&parent->slabs_full);
343 INIT_LIST_HEAD(&parent->slabs_partial);
344 INIT_LIST_HEAD(&parent->slabs_free);
345 parent->shared = NULL;
346 parent->alien = NULL;
347 parent->colour_next = 0;
348 spin_lock_init(&parent->list_lock);
349 parent->free_objects = 0;
350 parent->free_touched = 0;
353 #define MAKE_LIST(cachep, listp, slab, nodeid) \
354 do { \
355 INIT_LIST_HEAD(listp); \
356 list_splice(&(cachep->nodelists[nodeid]->slab), listp); \
357 } while (0)
359 #define MAKE_ALL_LISTS(cachep, ptr, nodeid) \
360 do { \
361 MAKE_LIST((cachep), (&(ptr)->slabs_full), slabs_full, nodeid); \
362 MAKE_LIST((cachep), (&(ptr)->slabs_partial), slabs_partial, nodeid); \
363 MAKE_LIST((cachep), (&(ptr)->slabs_free), slabs_free, nodeid); \
364 } while (0)
367 * struct kmem_cache
369 * manages a cache.
372 struct kmem_cache {
373 /* 1) per-cpu data, touched during every alloc/free */
374 struct array_cache *array[NR_CPUS];
375 /* 2) Cache tunables. Protected by cache_chain_mutex */
376 unsigned int batchcount;
377 unsigned int limit;
378 unsigned int shared;
380 unsigned int buffer_size;
381 /* 3) touched by every alloc & free from the backend */
382 struct kmem_list3 *nodelists[MAX_NUMNODES];
384 unsigned int flags; /* constant flags */
385 unsigned int num; /* # of objs per slab */
387 /* 4) cache_grow/shrink */
388 /* order of pgs per slab (2^n) */
389 unsigned int gfporder;
391 /* force GFP flags, e.g. GFP_DMA */
392 gfp_t gfpflags;
394 size_t colour; /* cache colouring range */
395 unsigned int colour_off; /* colour offset */
396 struct kmem_cache *slabp_cache;
397 unsigned int slab_size;
398 unsigned int dflags; /* dynamic flags */
400 /* constructor func */
401 void (*ctor) (void *, struct kmem_cache *, unsigned long);
403 /* de-constructor func */
404 void (*dtor) (void *, struct kmem_cache *, unsigned long);
406 /* 5) cache creation/removal */
407 const char *name;
408 struct list_head next;
410 /* 6) statistics */
411 #if STATS
412 unsigned long num_active;
413 unsigned long num_allocations;
414 unsigned long high_mark;
415 unsigned long grown;
416 unsigned long reaped;
417 unsigned long errors;
418 unsigned long max_freeable;
419 unsigned long node_allocs;
420 unsigned long node_frees;
421 unsigned long node_overflow;
422 atomic_t allochit;
423 atomic_t allocmiss;
424 atomic_t freehit;
425 atomic_t freemiss;
426 #endif
427 #if DEBUG
429 * If debugging is enabled, then the allocator can add additional
430 * fields and/or padding to every object. buffer_size contains the total
431 * object size including these internal fields, the following two
432 * variables contain the offset to the user object and its size.
434 int obj_offset;
435 int obj_size;
436 #endif
439 #define CFLGS_OFF_SLAB (0x80000000UL)
440 #define OFF_SLAB(x) ((x)->flags & CFLGS_OFF_SLAB)
442 #define BATCHREFILL_LIMIT 16
444 * Optimization question: fewer reaps means less probability for unnessary
445 * cpucache drain/refill cycles.
447 * OTOH the cpuarrays can contain lots of objects,
448 * which could lock up otherwise freeable slabs.
450 #define REAPTIMEOUT_CPUC (2*HZ)
451 #define REAPTIMEOUT_LIST3 (4*HZ)
453 #if STATS
454 #define STATS_INC_ACTIVE(x) ((x)->num_active++)
455 #define STATS_DEC_ACTIVE(x) ((x)->num_active--)
456 #define STATS_INC_ALLOCED(x) ((x)->num_allocations++)
457 #define STATS_INC_GROWN(x) ((x)->grown++)
458 #define STATS_INC_REAPED(x) ((x)->reaped++)
459 #define STATS_SET_HIGH(x) \
460 do { \
461 if ((x)->num_active > (x)->high_mark) \
462 (x)->high_mark = (x)->num_active; \
463 } while (0)
464 #define STATS_INC_ERR(x) ((x)->errors++)
465 #define STATS_INC_NODEALLOCS(x) ((x)->node_allocs++)
466 #define STATS_INC_NODEFREES(x) ((x)->node_frees++)
467 #define STATS_INC_ACOVERFLOW(x) ((x)->node_overflow++)
468 #define STATS_SET_FREEABLE(x, i) \
469 do { \
470 if ((x)->max_freeable < i) \
471 (x)->max_freeable = i; \
472 } while (0)
473 #define STATS_INC_ALLOCHIT(x) atomic_inc(&(x)->allochit)
474 #define STATS_INC_ALLOCMISS(x) atomic_inc(&(x)->allocmiss)
475 #define STATS_INC_FREEHIT(x) atomic_inc(&(x)->freehit)
476 #define STATS_INC_FREEMISS(x) atomic_inc(&(x)->freemiss)
477 #else
478 #define STATS_INC_ACTIVE(x) do { } while (0)
479 #define STATS_DEC_ACTIVE(x) do { } while (0)
480 #define STATS_INC_ALLOCED(x) do { } while (0)
481 #define STATS_INC_GROWN(x) do { } while (0)
482 #define STATS_INC_REAPED(x) do { } while (0)
483 #define STATS_SET_HIGH(x) do { } while (0)
484 #define STATS_INC_ERR(x) do { } while (0)
485 #define STATS_INC_NODEALLOCS(x) do { } while (0)
486 #define STATS_INC_NODEFREES(x) do { } while (0)
487 #define STATS_INC_ACOVERFLOW(x) do { } while (0)
488 #define STATS_SET_FREEABLE(x, i) do { } while (0)
489 #define STATS_INC_ALLOCHIT(x) do { } while (0)
490 #define STATS_INC_ALLOCMISS(x) do { } while (0)
491 #define STATS_INC_FREEHIT(x) do { } while (0)
492 #define STATS_INC_FREEMISS(x) do { } while (0)
493 #endif
495 #if DEBUG
498 * memory layout of objects:
499 * 0 : objp
500 * 0 .. cachep->obj_offset - BYTES_PER_WORD - 1: padding. This ensures that
501 * the end of an object is aligned with the end of the real
502 * allocation. Catches writes behind the end of the allocation.
503 * cachep->obj_offset - BYTES_PER_WORD .. cachep->obj_offset - 1:
504 * redzone word.
505 * cachep->obj_offset: The real object.
506 * cachep->buffer_size - 2* BYTES_PER_WORD: redzone word [BYTES_PER_WORD long]
507 * cachep->buffer_size - 1* BYTES_PER_WORD: last caller address
508 * [BYTES_PER_WORD long]
510 static int obj_offset(struct kmem_cache *cachep)
512 return cachep->obj_offset;
515 static int obj_size(struct kmem_cache *cachep)
517 return cachep->obj_size;
520 static unsigned long *dbg_redzone1(struct kmem_cache *cachep, void *objp)
522 BUG_ON(!(cachep->flags & SLAB_RED_ZONE));
523 return (unsigned long*) (objp+obj_offset(cachep)-BYTES_PER_WORD);
526 static unsigned long *dbg_redzone2(struct kmem_cache *cachep, void *objp)
528 BUG_ON(!(cachep->flags & SLAB_RED_ZONE));
529 if (cachep->flags & SLAB_STORE_USER)
530 return (unsigned long *)(objp + cachep->buffer_size -
531 2 * BYTES_PER_WORD);
532 return (unsigned long *)(objp + cachep->buffer_size - BYTES_PER_WORD);
535 static void **dbg_userword(struct kmem_cache *cachep, void *objp)
537 BUG_ON(!(cachep->flags & SLAB_STORE_USER));
538 return (void **)(objp + cachep->buffer_size - BYTES_PER_WORD);
541 #else
543 #define obj_offset(x) 0
544 #define obj_size(cachep) (cachep->buffer_size)
545 #define dbg_redzone1(cachep, objp) ({BUG(); (unsigned long *)NULL;})
546 #define dbg_redzone2(cachep, objp) ({BUG(); (unsigned long *)NULL;})
547 #define dbg_userword(cachep, objp) ({BUG(); (void **)NULL;})
549 #endif
552 * Maximum size of an obj (in 2^order pages) and absolute limit for the gfp
553 * order.
555 #if defined(CONFIG_LARGE_ALLOCS)
556 #define MAX_OBJ_ORDER 13 /* up to 32Mb */
557 #define MAX_GFP_ORDER 13 /* up to 32Mb */
558 #elif defined(CONFIG_MMU)
559 #define MAX_OBJ_ORDER 5 /* 32 pages */
560 #define MAX_GFP_ORDER 5 /* 32 pages */
561 #else
562 #define MAX_OBJ_ORDER 8 /* up to 1Mb */
563 #define MAX_GFP_ORDER 8 /* up to 1Mb */
564 #endif
567 * Do not go above this order unless 0 objects fit into the slab.
569 #define BREAK_GFP_ORDER_HI 1
570 #define BREAK_GFP_ORDER_LO 0
571 static int slab_break_gfp_order = BREAK_GFP_ORDER_LO;
574 * Functions for storing/retrieving the cachep and or slab from the page
575 * allocator. These are used to find the slab an obj belongs to. With kfree(),
576 * these are used to find the cache which an obj belongs to.
578 static inline void page_set_cache(struct page *page, struct kmem_cache *cache)
580 page->lru.next = (struct list_head *)cache;
583 static inline struct kmem_cache *page_get_cache(struct page *page)
585 if (unlikely(PageCompound(page)))
586 page = (struct page *)page_private(page);
587 BUG_ON(!PageSlab(page));
588 return (struct kmem_cache *)page->lru.next;
591 static inline void page_set_slab(struct page *page, struct slab *slab)
593 page->lru.prev = (struct list_head *)slab;
596 static inline struct slab *page_get_slab(struct page *page)
598 if (unlikely(PageCompound(page)))
599 page = (struct page *)page_private(page);
600 BUG_ON(!PageSlab(page));
601 return (struct slab *)page->lru.prev;
604 static inline struct kmem_cache *virt_to_cache(const void *obj)
606 struct page *page = virt_to_page(obj);
607 return page_get_cache(page);
610 static inline struct slab *virt_to_slab(const void *obj)
612 struct page *page = virt_to_page(obj);
613 return page_get_slab(page);
616 static inline void *index_to_obj(struct kmem_cache *cache, struct slab *slab,
617 unsigned int idx)
619 return slab->s_mem + cache->buffer_size * idx;
622 static inline unsigned int obj_to_index(struct kmem_cache *cache,
623 struct slab *slab, void *obj)
625 return (unsigned)(obj - slab->s_mem) / cache->buffer_size;
629 * These are the default caches for kmalloc. Custom caches can have other sizes.
631 struct cache_sizes malloc_sizes[] = {
632 #define CACHE(x) { .cs_size = (x) },
633 #include <linux/kmalloc_sizes.h>
634 CACHE(ULONG_MAX)
635 #undef CACHE
637 EXPORT_SYMBOL(malloc_sizes);
639 /* Must match cache_sizes above. Out of line to keep cache footprint low. */
640 struct cache_names {
641 char *name;
642 char *name_dma;
645 static struct cache_names __initdata cache_names[] = {
646 #define CACHE(x) { .name = "size-" #x, .name_dma = "size-" #x "(DMA)" },
647 #include <linux/kmalloc_sizes.h>
648 {NULL,}
649 #undef CACHE
652 static struct arraycache_init initarray_cache __initdata =
653 { {0, BOOT_CPUCACHE_ENTRIES, 1, 0} };
654 static struct arraycache_init initarray_generic =
655 { {0, BOOT_CPUCACHE_ENTRIES, 1, 0} };
657 /* internal cache of cache description objs */
658 static struct kmem_cache cache_cache = {
659 .batchcount = 1,
660 .limit = BOOT_CPUCACHE_ENTRIES,
661 .shared = 1,
662 .buffer_size = sizeof(struct kmem_cache),
663 .name = "kmem_cache",
664 #if DEBUG
665 .obj_size = sizeof(struct kmem_cache),
666 #endif
669 /* Guard access to the cache-chain. */
670 static DEFINE_MUTEX(cache_chain_mutex);
671 static struct list_head cache_chain;
674 * vm_enough_memory() looks at this to determine how many slab-allocated pages
675 * are possibly freeable under pressure
677 * SLAB_RECLAIM_ACCOUNT turns this on per-slab
679 atomic_t slab_reclaim_pages;
682 * chicken and egg problem: delay the per-cpu array allocation
683 * until the general caches are up.
685 static enum {
686 NONE,
687 PARTIAL_AC,
688 PARTIAL_L3,
689 FULL
690 } g_cpucache_up;
693 * used by boot code to determine if it can use slab based allocator
695 int slab_is_available(void)
697 return g_cpucache_up == FULL;
700 static DEFINE_PER_CPU(struct work_struct, reap_work);
702 static void free_block(struct kmem_cache *cachep, void **objpp, int len,
703 int node);
704 static void enable_cpucache(struct kmem_cache *cachep);
705 static void cache_reap(void *unused);
706 static int __node_shrink(struct kmem_cache *cachep, int node);
708 static inline struct array_cache *cpu_cache_get(struct kmem_cache *cachep)
710 return cachep->array[smp_processor_id()];
713 static inline struct kmem_cache *__find_general_cachep(size_t size,
714 gfp_t gfpflags)
716 struct cache_sizes *csizep = malloc_sizes;
718 #if DEBUG
719 /* This happens if someone tries to call
720 * kmem_cache_create(), or __kmalloc(), before
721 * the generic caches are initialized.
723 BUG_ON(malloc_sizes[INDEX_AC].cs_cachep == NULL);
724 #endif
725 while (size > csizep->cs_size)
726 csizep++;
729 * Really subtle: The last entry with cs->cs_size==ULONG_MAX
730 * has cs_{dma,}cachep==NULL. Thus no special case
731 * for large kmalloc calls required.
733 if (unlikely(gfpflags & GFP_DMA))
734 return csizep->cs_dmacachep;
735 return csizep->cs_cachep;
738 struct kmem_cache *kmem_find_general_cachep(size_t size, gfp_t gfpflags)
740 return __find_general_cachep(size, gfpflags);
742 EXPORT_SYMBOL(kmem_find_general_cachep);
744 static size_t slab_mgmt_size(size_t nr_objs, size_t align)
746 return ALIGN(sizeof(struct slab)+nr_objs*sizeof(kmem_bufctl_t), align);
750 * Calculate the number of objects and left-over bytes for a given buffer size.
752 static void cache_estimate(unsigned long gfporder, size_t buffer_size,
753 size_t align, int flags, size_t *left_over,
754 unsigned int *num)
756 int nr_objs;
757 size_t mgmt_size;
758 size_t slab_size = PAGE_SIZE << gfporder;
761 * The slab management structure can be either off the slab or
762 * on it. For the latter case, the memory allocated for a
763 * slab is used for:
765 * - The struct slab
766 * - One kmem_bufctl_t for each object
767 * - Padding to respect alignment of @align
768 * - @buffer_size bytes for each object
770 * If the slab management structure is off the slab, then the
771 * alignment will already be calculated into the size. Because
772 * the slabs are all pages aligned, the objects will be at the
773 * correct alignment when allocated.
775 if (flags & CFLGS_OFF_SLAB) {
776 mgmt_size = 0;
777 nr_objs = slab_size / buffer_size;
779 if (nr_objs > SLAB_LIMIT)
780 nr_objs = SLAB_LIMIT;
781 } else {
783 * Ignore padding for the initial guess. The padding
784 * is at most @align-1 bytes, and @buffer_size is at
785 * least @align. In the worst case, this result will
786 * be one greater than the number of objects that fit
787 * into the memory allocation when taking the padding
788 * into account.
790 nr_objs = (slab_size - sizeof(struct slab)) /
791 (buffer_size + sizeof(kmem_bufctl_t));
794 * This calculated number will be either the right
795 * amount, or one greater than what we want.
797 if (slab_mgmt_size(nr_objs, align) + nr_objs*buffer_size
798 > slab_size)
799 nr_objs--;
801 if (nr_objs > SLAB_LIMIT)
802 nr_objs = SLAB_LIMIT;
804 mgmt_size = slab_mgmt_size(nr_objs, align);
806 *num = nr_objs;
807 *left_over = slab_size - nr_objs*buffer_size - mgmt_size;
810 #define slab_error(cachep, msg) __slab_error(__FUNCTION__, cachep, msg)
812 static void __slab_error(const char *function, struct kmem_cache *cachep,
813 char *msg)
815 printk(KERN_ERR "slab error in %s(): cache `%s': %s\n",
816 function, cachep->name, msg);
817 dump_stack();
820 #ifdef CONFIG_NUMA
822 * Special reaping functions for NUMA systems called from cache_reap().
823 * These take care of doing round robin flushing of alien caches (containing
824 * objects freed on different nodes from which they were allocated) and the
825 * flushing of remote pcps by calling drain_node_pages.
827 static DEFINE_PER_CPU(unsigned long, reap_node);
829 static void init_reap_node(int cpu)
831 int node;
833 node = next_node(cpu_to_node(cpu), node_online_map);
834 if (node == MAX_NUMNODES)
835 node = first_node(node_online_map);
837 __get_cpu_var(reap_node) = node;
840 static void next_reap_node(void)
842 int node = __get_cpu_var(reap_node);
845 * Also drain per cpu pages on remote zones
847 if (node != numa_node_id())
848 drain_node_pages(node);
850 node = next_node(node, node_online_map);
851 if (unlikely(node >= MAX_NUMNODES))
852 node = first_node(node_online_map);
853 __get_cpu_var(reap_node) = node;
856 #else
857 #define init_reap_node(cpu) do { } while (0)
858 #define next_reap_node(void) do { } while (0)
859 #endif
862 * Initiate the reap timer running on the target CPU. We run at around 1 to 2Hz
863 * via the workqueue/eventd.
864 * Add the CPU number into the expiration time to minimize the possibility of
865 * the CPUs getting into lockstep and contending for the global cache chain
866 * lock.
868 static void __devinit start_cpu_timer(int cpu)
870 struct work_struct *reap_work = &per_cpu(reap_work, cpu);
873 * When this gets called from do_initcalls via cpucache_init(),
874 * init_workqueues() has already run, so keventd will be setup
875 * at that time.
877 if (keventd_up() && reap_work->func == NULL) {
878 init_reap_node(cpu);
879 INIT_WORK(reap_work, cache_reap, NULL);
880 schedule_delayed_work_on(cpu, reap_work, HZ + 3 * cpu);
884 static struct array_cache *alloc_arraycache(int node, int entries,
885 int batchcount)
887 int memsize = sizeof(void *) * entries + sizeof(struct array_cache);
888 struct array_cache *nc = NULL;
890 nc = kmalloc_node(memsize, GFP_KERNEL, node);
891 if (nc) {
892 nc->avail = 0;
893 nc->limit = entries;
894 nc->batchcount = batchcount;
895 nc->touched = 0;
896 spin_lock_init(&nc->lock);
898 return nc;
902 * Transfer objects in one arraycache to another.
903 * Locking must be handled by the caller.
905 * Return the number of entries transferred.
907 static int transfer_objects(struct array_cache *to,
908 struct array_cache *from, unsigned int max)
910 /* Figure out how many entries to transfer */
911 int nr = min(min(from->avail, max), to->limit - to->avail);
913 if (!nr)
914 return 0;
916 memcpy(to->entry + to->avail, from->entry + from->avail -nr,
917 sizeof(void *) *nr);
919 from->avail -= nr;
920 to->avail += nr;
921 to->touched = 1;
922 return nr;
925 #ifdef CONFIG_NUMA
926 static void *__cache_alloc_node(struct kmem_cache *, gfp_t, int);
927 static void *alternate_node_alloc(struct kmem_cache *, gfp_t);
929 static struct array_cache **alloc_alien_cache(int node, int limit)
931 struct array_cache **ac_ptr;
932 int memsize = sizeof(void *) * MAX_NUMNODES;
933 int i;
935 if (limit > 1)
936 limit = 12;
937 ac_ptr = kmalloc_node(memsize, GFP_KERNEL, node);
938 if (ac_ptr) {
939 for_each_node(i) {
940 if (i == node || !node_online(i)) {
941 ac_ptr[i] = NULL;
942 continue;
944 ac_ptr[i] = alloc_arraycache(node, limit, 0xbaadf00d);
945 if (!ac_ptr[i]) {
946 for (i--; i <= 0; i--)
947 kfree(ac_ptr[i]);
948 kfree(ac_ptr);
949 return NULL;
953 return ac_ptr;
956 static void free_alien_cache(struct array_cache **ac_ptr)
958 int i;
960 if (!ac_ptr)
961 return;
962 for_each_node(i)
963 kfree(ac_ptr[i]);
964 kfree(ac_ptr);
967 static void __drain_alien_cache(struct kmem_cache *cachep,
968 struct array_cache *ac, int node)
970 struct kmem_list3 *rl3 = cachep->nodelists[node];
972 if (ac->avail) {
973 spin_lock(&rl3->list_lock);
975 * Stuff objects into the remote nodes shared array first.
976 * That way we could avoid the overhead of putting the objects
977 * into the free lists and getting them back later.
979 if (rl3->shared)
980 transfer_objects(rl3->shared, ac, ac->limit);
982 free_block(cachep, ac->entry, ac->avail, node);
983 ac->avail = 0;
984 spin_unlock(&rl3->list_lock);
989 * Called from cache_reap() to regularly drain alien caches round robin.
991 static void reap_alien(struct kmem_cache *cachep, struct kmem_list3 *l3)
993 int node = __get_cpu_var(reap_node);
995 if (l3->alien) {
996 struct array_cache *ac = l3->alien[node];
998 if (ac && ac->avail && spin_trylock_irq(&ac->lock)) {
999 __drain_alien_cache(cachep, ac, node);
1000 spin_unlock_irq(&ac->lock);
1005 static void drain_alien_cache(struct kmem_cache *cachep,
1006 struct array_cache **alien)
1008 int i = 0;
1009 struct array_cache *ac;
1010 unsigned long flags;
1012 for_each_online_node(i) {
1013 ac = alien[i];
1014 if (ac) {
1015 spin_lock_irqsave(&ac->lock, flags);
1016 __drain_alien_cache(cachep, ac, i);
1017 spin_unlock_irqrestore(&ac->lock, flags);
1022 static inline int cache_free_alien(struct kmem_cache *cachep, void *objp)
1024 struct slab *slabp = virt_to_slab(objp);
1025 int nodeid = slabp->nodeid;
1026 struct kmem_list3 *l3;
1027 struct array_cache *alien = NULL;
1030 * Make sure we are not freeing a object from another node to the array
1031 * cache on this cpu.
1033 if (likely(slabp->nodeid == numa_node_id()))
1034 return 0;
1036 l3 = cachep->nodelists[numa_node_id()];
1037 STATS_INC_NODEFREES(cachep);
1038 if (l3->alien && l3->alien[nodeid]) {
1039 alien = l3->alien[nodeid];
1040 spin_lock(&alien->lock);
1041 if (unlikely(alien->avail == alien->limit)) {
1042 STATS_INC_ACOVERFLOW(cachep);
1043 __drain_alien_cache(cachep, alien, nodeid);
1045 alien->entry[alien->avail++] = objp;
1046 spin_unlock(&alien->lock);
1047 } else {
1048 spin_lock(&(cachep->nodelists[nodeid])->list_lock);
1049 free_block(cachep, &objp, 1, nodeid);
1050 spin_unlock(&(cachep->nodelists[nodeid])->list_lock);
1052 return 1;
1055 #else
1057 #define drain_alien_cache(cachep, alien) do { } while (0)
1058 #define reap_alien(cachep, l3) do { } while (0)
1060 static inline struct array_cache **alloc_alien_cache(int node, int limit)
1062 return (struct array_cache **) 0x01020304ul;
1065 static inline void free_alien_cache(struct array_cache **ac_ptr)
1069 static inline int cache_free_alien(struct kmem_cache *cachep, void *objp)
1071 return 0;
1074 #endif
1076 static int cpuup_callback(struct notifier_block *nfb,
1077 unsigned long action, void *hcpu)
1079 long cpu = (long)hcpu;
1080 struct kmem_cache *cachep;
1081 struct kmem_list3 *l3 = NULL;
1082 int node = cpu_to_node(cpu);
1083 int memsize = sizeof(struct kmem_list3);
1085 switch (action) {
1086 case CPU_UP_PREPARE:
1087 mutex_lock(&cache_chain_mutex);
1089 * We need to do this right in the beginning since
1090 * alloc_arraycache's are going to use this list.
1091 * kmalloc_node allows us to add the slab to the right
1092 * kmem_list3 and not this cpu's kmem_list3
1095 list_for_each_entry(cachep, &cache_chain, next) {
1097 * Set up the size64 kmemlist for cpu before we can
1098 * begin anything. Make sure some other cpu on this
1099 * node has not already allocated this
1101 if (!cachep->nodelists[node]) {
1102 l3 = kmalloc_node(memsize, GFP_KERNEL, node);
1103 if (!l3)
1104 goto bad;
1105 kmem_list3_init(l3);
1106 l3->next_reap = jiffies + REAPTIMEOUT_LIST3 +
1107 ((unsigned long)cachep) % REAPTIMEOUT_LIST3;
1110 * The l3s don't come and go as CPUs come and
1111 * go. cache_chain_mutex is sufficient
1112 * protection here.
1114 cachep->nodelists[node] = l3;
1117 spin_lock_irq(&cachep->nodelists[node]->list_lock);
1118 cachep->nodelists[node]->free_limit =
1119 (1 + nr_cpus_node(node)) *
1120 cachep->batchcount + cachep->num;
1121 spin_unlock_irq(&cachep->nodelists[node]->list_lock);
1125 * Now we can go ahead with allocating the shared arrays and
1126 * array caches
1128 list_for_each_entry(cachep, &cache_chain, next) {
1129 struct array_cache *nc;
1130 struct array_cache *shared;
1131 struct array_cache **alien;
1133 nc = alloc_arraycache(node, cachep->limit,
1134 cachep->batchcount);
1135 if (!nc)
1136 goto bad;
1137 shared = alloc_arraycache(node,
1138 cachep->shared * cachep->batchcount,
1139 0xbaadf00d);
1140 if (!shared)
1141 goto bad;
1143 alien = alloc_alien_cache(node, cachep->limit);
1144 if (!alien)
1145 goto bad;
1146 cachep->array[cpu] = nc;
1147 l3 = cachep->nodelists[node];
1148 BUG_ON(!l3);
1150 spin_lock_irq(&l3->list_lock);
1151 if (!l3->shared) {
1153 * We are serialised from CPU_DEAD or
1154 * CPU_UP_CANCELLED by the cpucontrol lock
1156 l3->shared = shared;
1157 shared = NULL;
1159 #ifdef CONFIG_NUMA
1160 if (!l3->alien) {
1161 l3->alien = alien;
1162 alien = NULL;
1164 #endif
1165 spin_unlock_irq(&l3->list_lock);
1166 kfree(shared);
1167 free_alien_cache(alien);
1169 mutex_unlock(&cache_chain_mutex);
1170 break;
1171 case CPU_ONLINE:
1172 start_cpu_timer(cpu);
1173 break;
1174 #ifdef CONFIG_HOTPLUG_CPU
1175 case CPU_DEAD:
1177 * Even if all the cpus of a node are down, we don't free the
1178 * kmem_list3 of any cache. This to avoid a race between
1179 * cpu_down, and a kmalloc allocation from another cpu for
1180 * memory from the node of the cpu going down. The list3
1181 * structure is usually allocated from kmem_cache_create() and
1182 * gets destroyed at kmem_cache_destroy().
1184 /* fall thru */
1185 case CPU_UP_CANCELED:
1186 mutex_lock(&cache_chain_mutex);
1187 list_for_each_entry(cachep, &cache_chain, next) {
1188 struct array_cache *nc;
1189 struct array_cache *shared;
1190 struct array_cache **alien;
1191 cpumask_t mask;
1193 mask = node_to_cpumask(node);
1194 /* cpu is dead; no one can alloc from it. */
1195 nc = cachep->array[cpu];
1196 cachep->array[cpu] = NULL;
1197 l3 = cachep->nodelists[node];
1199 if (!l3)
1200 goto free_array_cache;
1202 spin_lock_irq(&l3->list_lock);
1204 /* Free limit for this kmem_list3 */
1205 l3->free_limit -= cachep->batchcount;
1206 if (nc)
1207 free_block(cachep, nc->entry, nc->avail, node);
1209 if (!cpus_empty(mask)) {
1210 spin_unlock_irq(&l3->list_lock);
1211 goto free_array_cache;
1214 shared = l3->shared;
1215 if (shared) {
1216 free_block(cachep, l3->shared->entry,
1217 l3->shared->avail, node);
1218 l3->shared = NULL;
1221 alien = l3->alien;
1222 l3->alien = NULL;
1224 spin_unlock_irq(&l3->list_lock);
1226 kfree(shared);
1227 if (alien) {
1228 drain_alien_cache(cachep, alien);
1229 free_alien_cache(alien);
1231 free_array_cache:
1232 kfree(nc);
1235 * In the previous loop, all the objects were freed to
1236 * the respective cache's slabs, now we can go ahead and
1237 * shrink each nodelist to its limit.
1239 list_for_each_entry(cachep, &cache_chain, next) {
1240 l3 = cachep->nodelists[node];
1241 if (!l3)
1242 continue;
1243 spin_lock_irq(&l3->list_lock);
1244 /* free slabs belonging to this node */
1245 __node_shrink(cachep, node);
1246 spin_unlock_irq(&l3->list_lock);
1248 mutex_unlock(&cache_chain_mutex);
1249 break;
1250 #endif
1252 return NOTIFY_OK;
1253 bad:
1254 mutex_unlock(&cache_chain_mutex);
1255 return NOTIFY_BAD;
1258 static struct notifier_block cpucache_notifier = { &cpuup_callback, NULL, 0 };
1261 * swap the static kmem_list3 with kmalloced memory
1263 static void init_list(struct kmem_cache *cachep, struct kmem_list3 *list,
1264 int nodeid)
1266 struct kmem_list3 *ptr;
1268 BUG_ON(cachep->nodelists[nodeid] != list);
1269 ptr = kmalloc_node(sizeof(struct kmem_list3), GFP_KERNEL, nodeid);
1270 BUG_ON(!ptr);
1272 local_irq_disable();
1273 memcpy(ptr, list, sizeof(struct kmem_list3));
1274 MAKE_ALL_LISTS(cachep, ptr, nodeid);
1275 cachep->nodelists[nodeid] = ptr;
1276 local_irq_enable();
1280 * Initialisation. Called after the page allocator have been initialised and
1281 * before smp_init().
1283 void __init kmem_cache_init(void)
1285 size_t left_over;
1286 struct cache_sizes *sizes;
1287 struct cache_names *names;
1288 int i;
1289 int order;
1291 for (i = 0; i < NUM_INIT_LISTS; i++) {
1292 kmem_list3_init(&initkmem_list3[i]);
1293 if (i < MAX_NUMNODES)
1294 cache_cache.nodelists[i] = NULL;
1298 * Fragmentation resistance on low memory - only use bigger
1299 * page orders on machines with more than 32MB of memory.
1301 if (num_physpages > (32 << 20) >> PAGE_SHIFT)
1302 slab_break_gfp_order = BREAK_GFP_ORDER_HI;
1304 /* Bootstrap is tricky, because several objects are allocated
1305 * from caches that do not exist yet:
1306 * 1) initialize the cache_cache cache: it contains the struct
1307 * kmem_cache structures of all caches, except cache_cache itself:
1308 * cache_cache is statically allocated.
1309 * Initially an __init data area is used for the head array and the
1310 * kmem_list3 structures, it's replaced with a kmalloc allocated
1311 * array at the end of the bootstrap.
1312 * 2) Create the first kmalloc cache.
1313 * The struct kmem_cache for the new cache is allocated normally.
1314 * An __init data area is used for the head array.
1315 * 3) Create the remaining kmalloc caches, with minimally sized
1316 * head arrays.
1317 * 4) Replace the __init data head arrays for cache_cache and the first
1318 * kmalloc cache with kmalloc allocated arrays.
1319 * 5) Replace the __init data for kmem_list3 for cache_cache and
1320 * the other cache's with kmalloc allocated memory.
1321 * 6) Resize the head arrays of the kmalloc caches to their final sizes.
1324 /* 1) create the cache_cache */
1325 INIT_LIST_HEAD(&cache_chain);
1326 list_add(&cache_cache.next, &cache_chain);
1327 cache_cache.colour_off = cache_line_size();
1328 cache_cache.array[smp_processor_id()] = &initarray_cache.cache;
1329 cache_cache.nodelists[numa_node_id()] = &initkmem_list3[CACHE_CACHE];
1331 cache_cache.buffer_size = ALIGN(cache_cache.buffer_size,
1332 cache_line_size());
1334 for (order = 0; order < MAX_ORDER; order++) {
1335 cache_estimate(order, cache_cache.buffer_size,
1336 cache_line_size(), 0, &left_over, &cache_cache.num);
1337 if (cache_cache.num)
1338 break;
1340 BUG_ON(!cache_cache.num);
1341 cache_cache.gfporder = order;
1342 cache_cache.colour = left_over / cache_cache.colour_off;
1343 cache_cache.slab_size = ALIGN(cache_cache.num * sizeof(kmem_bufctl_t) +
1344 sizeof(struct slab), cache_line_size());
1346 /* 2+3) create the kmalloc caches */
1347 sizes = malloc_sizes;
1348 names = cache_names;
1351 * Initialize the caches that provide memory for the array cache and the
1352 * kmem_list3 structures first. Without this, further allocations will
1353 * bug.
1356 sizes[INDEX_AC].cs_cachep = kmem_cache_create(names[INDEX_AC].name,
1357 sizes[INDEX_AC].cs_size,
1358 ARCH_KMALLOC_MINALIGN,
1359 ARCH_KMALLOC_FLAGS|SLAB_PANIC,
1360 NULL, NULL);
1362 if (INDEX_AC != INDEX_L3) {
1363 sizes[INDEX_L3].cs_cachep =
1364 kmem_cache_create(names[INDEX_L3].name,
1365 sizes[INDEX_L3].cs_size,
1366 ARCH_KMALLOC_MINALIGN,
1367 ARCH_KMALLOC_FLAGS|SLAB_PANIC,
1368 NULL, NULL);
1371 slab_early_init = 0;
1373 while (sizes->cs_size != ULONG_MAX) {
1375 * For performance, all the general caches are L1 aligned.
1376 * This should be particularly beneficial on SMP boxes, as it
1377 * eliminates "false sharing".
1378 * Note for systems short on memory removing the alignment will
1379 * allow tighter packing of the smaller caches.
1381 if (!sizes->cs_cachep) {
1382 sizes->cs_cachep = kmem_cache_create(names->name,
1383 sizes->cs_size,
1384 ARCH_KMALLOC_MINALIGN,
1385 ARCH_KMALLOC_FLAGS|SLAB_PANIC,
1386 NULL, NULL);
1389 sizes->cs_dmacachep = kmem_cache_create(names->name_dma,
1390 sizes->cs_size,
1391 ARCH_KMALLOC_MINALIGN,
1392 ARCH_KMALLOC_FLAGS|SLAB_CACHE_DMA|
1393 SLAB_PANIC,
1394 NULL, NULL);
1395 sizes++;
1396 names++;
1398 /* 4) Replace the bootstrap head arrays */
1400 void *ptr;
1402 ptr = kmalloc(sizeof(struct arraycache_init), GFP_KERNEL);
1404 local_irq_disable();
1405 BUG_ON(cpu_cache_get(&cache_cache) != &initarray_cache.cache);
1406 memcpy(ptr, cpu_cache_get(&cache_cache),
1407 sizeof(struct arraycache_init));
1408 cache_cache.array[smp_processor_id()] = ptr;
1409 local_irq_enable();
1411 ptr = kmalloc(sizeof(struct arraycache_init), GFP_KERNEL);
1413 local_irq_disable();
1414 BUG_ON(cpu_cache_get(malloc_sizes[INDEX_AC].cs_cachep)
1415 != &initarray_generic.cache);
1416 memcpy(ptr, cpu_cache_get(malloc_sizes[INDEX_AC].cs_cachep),
1417 sizeof(struct arraycache_init));
1418 malloc_sizes[INDEX_AC].cs_cachep->array[smp_processor_id()] =
1419 ptr;
1420 local_irq_enable();
1422 /* 5) Replace the bootstrap kmem_list3's */
1424 int node;
1425 /* Replace the static kmem_list3 structures for the boot cpu */
1426 init_list(&cache_cache, &initkmem_list3[CACHE_CACHE],
1427 numa_node_id());
1429 for_each_online_node(node) {
1430 init_list(malloc_sizes[INDEX_AC].cs_cachep,
1431 &initkmem_list3[SIZE_AC + node], node);
1433 if (INDEX_AC != INDEX_L3) {
1434 init_list(malloc_sizes[INDEX_L3].cs_cachep,
1435 &initkmem_list3[SIZE_L3 + node],
1436 node);
1441 /* 6) resize the head arrays to their final sizes */
1443 struct kmem_cache *cachep;
1444 mutex_lock(&cache_chain_mutex);
1445 list_for_each_entry(cachep, &cache_chain, next)
1446 enable_cpucache(cachep);
1447 mutex_unlock(&cache_chain_mutex);
1450 /* Done! */
1451 g_cpucache_up = FULL;
1454 * Register a cpu startup notifier callback that initializes
1455 * cpu_cache_get for all new cpus
1457 register_cpu_notifier(&cpucache_notifier);
1460 * The reap timers are started later, with a module init call: That part
1461 * of the kernel is not yet operational.
1465 static int __init cpucache_init(void)
1467 int cpu;
1470 * Register the timers that return unneeded pages to the page allocator
1472 for_each_online_cpu(cpu)
1473 start_cpu_timer(cpu);
1474 return 0;
1476 __initcall(cpucache_init);
1479 * Interface to system's page allocator. No need to hold the cache-lock.
1481 * If we requested dmaable memory, we will get it. Even if we
1482 * did not request dmaable memory, we might get it, but that
1483 * would be relatively rare and ignorable.
1485 static void *kmem_getpages(struct kmem_cache *cachep, gfp_t flags, int nodeid)
1487 struct page *page;
1488 int nr_pages;
1489 int i;
1491 #ifndef CONFIG_MMU
1493 * Nommu uses slab's for process anonymous memory allocations, and thus
1494 * requires __GFP_COMP to properly refcount higher order allocations
1496 flags |= __GFP_COMP;
1497 #endif
1498 flags |= cachep->gfpflags;
1500 page = alloc_pages_node(nodeid, flags, cachep->gfporder);
1501 if (!page)
1502 return NULL;
1504 nr_pages = (1 << cachep->gfporder);
1505 if (cachep->flags & SLAB_RECLAIM_ACCOUNT)
1506 atomic_add(nr_pages, &slab_reclaim_pages);
1507 add_page_state(nr_slab, nr_pages);
1508 for (i = 0; i < nr_pages; i++)
1509 __SetPageSlab(page + i);
1510 return page_address(page);
1514 * Interface to system's page release.
1516 static void kmem_freepages(struct kmem_cache *cachep, void *addr)
1518 unsigned long i = (1 << cachep->gfporder);
1519 struct page *page = virt_to_page(addr);
1520 const unsigned long nr_freed = i;
1522 while (i--) {
1523 BUG_ON(!PageSlab(page));
1524 __ClearPageSlab(page);
1525 page++;
1527 sub_page_state(nr_slab, nr_freed);
1528 if (current->reclaim_state)
1529 current->reclaim_state->reclaimed_slab += nr_freed;
1530 free_pages((unsigned long)addr, cachep->gfporder);
1531 if (cachep->flags & SLAB_RECLAIM_ACCOUNT)
1532 atomic_sub(1 << cachep->gfporder, &slab_reclaim_pages);
1535 static void kmem_rcu_free(struct rcu_head *head)
1537 struct slab_rcu *slab_rcu = (struct slab_rcu *)head;
1538 struct kmem_cache *cachep = slab_rcu->cachep;
1540 kmem_freepages(cachep, slab_rcu->addr);
1541 if (OFF_SLAB(cachep))
1542 kmem_cache_free(cachep->slabp_cache, slab_rcu);
1545 #if DEBUG
1547 #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_PAGEALLOC
1548 static void store_stackinfo(struct kmem_cache *cachep, unsigned long *addr,
1549 unsigned long caller)
1551 int size = obj_size(cachep);
1553 addr = (unsigned long *)&((char *)addr)[obj_offset(cachep)];
1555 if (size < 5 * sizeof(unsigned long))
1556 return;
1558 *addr++ = 0x12345678;
1559 *addr++ = caller;
1560 *addr++ = smp_processor_id();
1561 size -= 3 * sizeof(unsigned long);
1563 unsigned long *sptr = &caller;
1564 unsigned long svalue;
1566 while (!kstack_end(sptr)) {
1567 svalue = *sptr++;
1568 if (kernel_text_address(svalue)) {
1569 *addr++ = svalue;
1570 size -= sizeof(unsigned long);
1571 if (size <= sizeof(unsigned long))
1572 break;
1577 *addr++ = 0x87654321;
1579 #endif
1581 static void poison_obj(struct kmem_cache *cachep, void *addr, unsigned char val)
1583 int size = obj_size(cachep);
1584 addr = &((char *)addr)[obj_offset(cachep)];
1586 memset(addr, val, size);
1587 *(unsigned char *)(addr + size - 1) = POISON_END;
1590 static void dump_line(char *data, int offset, int limit)
1592 int i;
1593 printk(KERN_ERR "%03x:", offset);
1594 for (i = 0; i < limit; i++)
1595 printk(" %02x", (unsigned char)data[offset + i]);
1596 printk("\n");
1598 #endif
1600 #if DEBUG
1602 static void print_objinfo(struct kmem_cache *cachep, void *objp, int lines)
1604 int i, size;
1605 char *realobj;
1607 if (cachep->flags & SLAB_RED_ZONE) {
1608 printk(KERN_ERR "Redzone: 0x%lx/0x%lx.\n",
1609 *dbg_redzone1(cachep, objp),
1610 *dbg_redzone2(cachep, objp));
1613 if (cachep->flags & SLAB_STORE_USER) {
1614 printk(KERN_ERR "Last user: [<%p>]",
1615 *dbg_userword(cachep, objp));
1616 print_symbol("(%s)",
1617 (unsigned long)*dbg_userword(cachep, objp));
1618 printk("\n");
1620 realobj = (char *)objp + obj_offset(cachep);
1621 size = obj_size(cachep);
1622 for (i = 0; i < size && lines; i += 16, lines--) {
1623 int limit;
1624 limit = 16;
1625 if (i + limit > size)
1626 limit = size - i;
1627 dump_line(realobj, i, limit);
1631 static void check_poison_obj(struct kmem_cache *cachep, void *objp)
1633 char *realobj;
1634 int size, i;
1635 int lines = 0;
1637 realobj = (char *)objp + obj_offset(cachep);
1638 size = obj_size(cachep);
1640 for (i = 0; i < size; i++) {
1641 char exp = POISON_FREE;
1642 if (i == size - 1)
1643 exp = POISON_END;
1644 if (realobj[i] != exp) {
1645 int limit;
1646 /* Mismatch ! */
1647 /* Print header */
1648 if (lines == 0) {
1649 printk(KERN_ERR
1650 "Slab corruption: start=%p, len=%d\n",
1651 realobj, size);
1652 print_objinfo(cachep, objp, 0);
1654 /* Hexdump the affected line */
1655 i = (i / 16) * 16;
1656 limit = 16;
1657 if (i + limit > size)
1658 limit = size - i;
1659 dump_line(realobj, i, limit);
1660 i += 16;
1661 lines++;
1662 /* Limit to 5 lines */
1663 if (lines > 5)
1664 break;
1667 if (lines != 0) {
1668 /* Print some data about the neighboring objects, if they
1669 * exist:
1671 struct slab *slabp = virt_to_slab(objp);
1672 unsigned int objnr;
1674 objnr = obj_to_index(cachep, slabp, objp);
1675 if (objnr) {
1676 objp = index_to_obj(cachep, slabp, objnr - 1);
1677 realobj = (char *)objp + obj_offset(cachep);
1678 printk(KERN_ERR "Prev obj: start=%p, len=%d\n",
1679 realobj, size);
1680 print_objinfo(cachep, objp, 2);
1682 if (objnr + 1 < cachep->num) {
1683 objp = index_to_obj(cachep, slabp, objnr + 1);
1684 realobj = (char *)objp + obj_offset(cachep);
1685 printk(KERN_ERR "Next obj: start=%p, len=%d\n",
1686 realobj, size);
1687 print_objinfo(cachep, objp, 2);
1691 #endif
1693 #if DEBUG
1695 * slab_destroy_objs - destroy a slab and its objects
1696 * @cachep: cache pointer being destroyed
1697 * @slabp: slab pointer being destroyed
1699 * Call the registered destructor for each object in a slab that is being
1700 * destroyed.
1702 static void slab_destroy_objs(struct kmem_cache *cachep, struct slab *slabp)
1704 int i;
1705 for (i = 0; i < cachep->num; i++) {
1706 void *objp = index_to_obj(cachep, slabp, i);
1708 if (cachep->flags & SLAB_POISON) {
1709 #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_PAGEALLOC
1710 if (cachep->buffer_size % PAGE_SIZE == 0 &&
1711 OFF_SLAB(cachep))
1712 kernel_map_pages(virt_to_page(objp),
1713 cachep->buffer_size / PAGE_SIZE, 1);
1714 else
1715 check_poison_obj(cachep, objp);
1716 #else
1717 check_poison_obj(cachep, objp);
1718 #endif
1720 if (cachep->flags & SLAB_RED_ZONE) {
1721 if (*dbg_redzone1(cachep, objp) != RED_INACTIVE)
1722 slab_error(cachep, "start of a freed object "
1723 "was overwritten");
1724 if (*dbg_redzone2(cachep, objp) != RED_INACTIVE)
1725 slab_error(cachep, "end of a freed object "
1726 "was overwritten");
1728 if (cachep->dtor && !(cachep->flags & SLAB_POISON))
1729 (cachep->dtor) (objp + obj_offset(cachep), cachep, 0);
1732 #else
1733 static void slab_destroy_objs(struct kmem_cache *cachep, struct slab *slabp)
1735 if (cachep->dtor) {
1736 int i;
1737 for (i = 0; i < cachep->num; i++) {
1738 void *objp = index_to_obj(cachep, slabp, i);
1739 (cachep->dtor) (objp, cachep, 0);
1743 #endif
1746 * slab_destroy - destroy and release all objects in a slab
1747 * @cachep: cache pointer being destroyed
1748 * @slabp: slab pointer being destroyed
1750 * Destroy all the objs in a slab, and release the mem back to the system.
1751 * Before calling the slab must have been unlinked from the cache. The
1752 * cache-lock is not held/needed.
1754 static void slab_destroy(struct kmem_cache *cachep, struct slab *slabp)
1756 void *addr = slabp->s_mem - slabp->colouroff;
1758 slab_destroy_objs(cachep, slabp);
1759 if (unlikely(cachep->flags & SLAB_DESTROY_BY_RCU)) {
1760 struct slab_rcu *slab_rcu;
1762 slab_rcu = (struct slab_rcu *)slabp;
1763 slab_rcu->cachep = cachep;
1764 slab_rcu->addr = addr;
1765 call_rcu(&slab_rcu->head, kmem_rcu_free);
1766 } else {
1767 kmem_freepages(cachep, addr);
1768 if (OFF_SLAB(cachep))
1769 kmem_cache_free(cachep->slabp_cache, slabp);
1774 * For setting up all the kmem_list3s for cache whose buffer_size is same as
1775 * size of kmem_list3.
1777 static void set_up_list3s(struct kmem_cache *cachep, int index)
1779 int node;
1781 for_each_online_node(node) {
1782 cachep->nodelists[node] = &initkmem_list3[index + node];
1783 cachep->nodelists[node]->next_reap = jiffies +
1784 REAPTIMEOUT_LIST3 +
1785 ((unsigned long)cachep) % REAPTIMEOUT_LIST3;
1790 * calculate_slab_order - calculate size (page order) of slabs
1791 * @cachep: pointer to the cache that is being created
1792 * @size: size of objects to be created in this cache.
1793 * @align: required alignment for the objects.
1794 * @flags: slab allocation flags
1796 * Also calculates the number of objects per slab.
1798 * This could be made much more intelligent. For now, try to avoid using
1799 * high order pages for slabs. When the gfp() functions are more friendly
1800 * towards high-order requests, this should be changed.
1802 static size_t calculate_slab_order(struct kmem_cache *cachep,
1803 size_t size, size_t align, unsigned long flags)
1805 unsigned long offslab_limit;
1806 size_t left_over = 0;
1807 int gfporder;
1809 for (gfporder = 0; gfporder <= MAX_GFP_ORDER; gfporder++) {
1810 unsigned int num;
1811 size_t remainder;
1813 cache_estimate(gfporder, size, align, flags, &remainder, &num);
1814 if (!num)
1815 continue;
1817 if (flags & CFLGS_OFF_SLAB) {
1819 * Max number of objs-per-slab for caches which
1820 * use off-slab slabs. Needed to avoid a possible
1821 * looping condition in cache_grow().
1823 offslab_limit = size - sizeof(struct slab);
1824 offslab_limit /= sizeof(kmem_bufctl_t);
1826 if (num > offslab_limit)
1827 break;
1830 /* Found something acceptable - save it away */
1831 cachep->num = num;
1832 cachep->gfporder = gfporder;
1833 left_over = remainder;
1836 * A VFS-reclaimable slab tends to have most allocations
1837 * as GFP_NOFS and we really don't want to have to be allocating
1838 * higher-order pages when we are unable to shrink dcache.
1840 if (flags & SLAB_RECLAIM_ACCOUNT)
1841 break;
1844 * Large number of objects is good, but very large slabs are
1845 * currently bad for the gfp()s.
1847 if (gfporder >= slab_break_gfp_order)
1848 break;
1851 * Acceptable internal fragmentation?
1853 if (left_over * 8 <= (PAGE_SIZE << gfporder))
1854 break;
1856 return left_over;
1859 static void setup_cpu_cache(struct kmem_cache *cachep)
1861 if (g_cpucache_up == FULL) {
1862 enable_cpucache(cachep);
1863 return;
1865 if (g_cpucache_up == NONE) {
1867 * Note: the first kmem_cache_create must create the cache
1868 * that's used by kmalloc(24), otherwise the creation of
1869 * further caches will BUG().
1871 cachep->array[smp_processor_id()] = &initarray_generic.cache;
1874 * If the cache that's used by kmalloc(sizeof(kmem_list3)) is
1875 * the first cache, then we need to set up all its list3s,
1876 * otherwise the creation of further caches will BUG().
1878 set_up_list3s(cachep, SIZE_AC);
1879 if (INDEX_AC == INDEX_L3)
1880 g_cpucache_up = PARTIAL_L3;
1881 else
1882 g_cpucache_up = PARTIAL_AC;
1883 } else {
1884 cachep->array[smp_processor_id()] =
1885 kmalloc(sizeof(struct arraycache_init), GFP_KERNEL);
1887 if (g_cpucache_up == PARTIAL_AC) {
1888 set_up_list3s(cachep, SIZE_L3);
1889 g_cpucache_up = PARTIAL_L3;
1890 } else {
1891 int node;
1892 for_each_online_node(node) {
1893 cachep->nodelists[node] =
1894 kmalloc_node(sizeof(struct kmem_list3),
1895 GFP_KERNEL, node);
1896 BUG_ON(!cachep->nodelists[node]);
1897 kmem_list3_init(cachep->nodelists[node]);
1901 cachep->nodelists[numa_node_id()]->next_reap =
1902 jiffies + REAPTIMEOUT_LIST3 +
1903 ((unsigned long)cachep) % REAPTIMEOUT_LIST3;
1905 cpu_cache_get(cachep)->avail = 0;
1906 cpu_cache_get(cachep)->limit = BOOT_CPUCACHE_ENTRIES;
1907 cpu_cache_get(cachep)->batchcount = 1;
1908 cpu_cache_get(cachep)->touched = 0;
1909 cachep->batchcount = 1;
1910 cachep->limit = BOOT_CPUCACHE_ENTRIES;
1914 * kmem_cache_create - Create a cache.
1915 * @name: A string which is used in /proc/slabinfo to identify this cache.
1916 * @size: The size of objects to be created in this cache.
1917 * @align: The required alignment for the objects.
1918 * @flags: SLAB flags
1919 * @ctor: A constructor for the objects.
1920 * @dtor: A destructor for the objects.
1922 * Returns a ptr to the cache on success, NULL on failure.
1923 * Cannot be called within a int, but can be interrupted.
1924 * The @ctor is run when new pages are allocated by the cache
1925 * and the @dtor is run before the pages are handed back.
1927 * @name must be valid until the cache is destroyed. This implies that
1928 * the module calling this has to destroy the cache before getting unloaded.
1930 * The flags are
1932 * %SLAB_POISON - Poison the slab with a known test pattern (a5a5a5a5)
1933 * to catch references to uninitialised memory.
1935 * %SLAB_RED_ZONE - Insert `Red' zones around the allocated memory to check
1936 * for buffer overruns.
1938 * %SLAB_HWCACHE_ALIGN - Align the objects in this cache to a hardware
1939 * cacheline. This can be beneficial if you're counting cycles as closely
1940 * as davem.
1942 struct kmem_cache *
1943 kmem_cache_create (const char *name, size_t size, size_t align,
1944 unsigned long flags,
1945 void (*ctor)(void*, struct kmem_cache *, unsigned long),
1946 void (*dtor)(void*, struct kmem_cache *, unsigned long))
1948 size_t left_over, slab_size, ralign;
1949 struct kmem_cache *cachep = NULL, *pc;
1952 * Sanity checks... these are all serious usage bugs.
1954 if (!name || in_interrupt() || (size < BYTES_PER_WORD) ||
1955 (size > (1 << MAX_OBJ_ORDER) * PAGE_SIZE) || (dtor && !ctor)) {
1956 printk(KERN_ERR "%s: Early error in slab %s\n", __FUNCTION__,
1957 name);
1958 BUG();
1962 * Prevent CPUs from coming and going.
1963 * lock_cpu_hotplug() nests outside cache_chain_mutex
1965 lock_cpu_hotplug();
1967 mutex_lock(&cache_chain_mutex);
1969 list_for_each_entry(pc, &cache_chain, next) {
1970 mm_segment_t old_fs = get_fs();
1971 char tmp;
1972 int res;
1975 * This happens when the module gets unloaded and doesn't
1976 * destroy its slab cache and no-one else reuses the vmalloc
1977 * area of the module. Print a warning.
1979 set_fs(KERNEL_DS);
1980 res = __get_user(tmp, pc->name);
1981 set_fs(old_fs);
1982 if (res) {
1983 printk("SLAB: cache with size %d has lost its name\n",
1984 pc->buffer_size);
1985 continue;
1988 if (!strcmp(pc->name, name)) {
1989 printk("kmem_cache_create: duplicate cache %s\n", name);
1990 dump_stack();
1991 goto oops;
1995 #if DEBUG
1996 WARN_ON(strchr(name, ' ')); /* It confuses parsers */
1997 if ((flags & SLAB_DEBUG_INITIAL) && !ctor) {
1998 /* No constructor, but inital state check requested */
1999 printk(KERN_ERR "%s: No con, but init state check "
2000 "requested - %s\n", __FUNCTION__, name);
2001 flags &= ~SLAB_DEBUG_INITIAL;
2003 #if FORCED_DEBUG
2005 * Enable redzoning and last user accounting, except for caches with
2006 * large objects, if the increased size would increase the object size
2007 * above the next power of two: caches with object sizes just above a
2008 * power of two have a significant amount of internal fragmentation.
2010 if (size < 4096 || fls(size - 1) == fls(size-1 + 3 * BYTES_PER_WORD))
2011 flags |= SLAB_RED_ZONE | SLAB_STORE_USER;
2012 if (!(flags & SLAB_DESTROY_BY_RCU))
2013 flags |= SLAB_POISON;
2014 #endif
2015 if (flags & SLAB_DESTROY_BY_RCU)
2016 BUG_ON(flags & SLAB_POISON);
2017 #endif
2018 if (flags & SLAB_DESTROY_BY_RCU)
2019 BUG_ON(dtor);
2022 * Always checks flags, a caller might be expecting debug support which
2023 * isn't available.
2025 BUG_ON(flags & ~CREATE_MASK);
2028 * Check that size is in terms of words. This is needed to avoid
2029 * unaligned accesses for some archs when redzoning is used, and makes
2030 * sure any on-slab bufctl's are also correctly aligned.
2032 if (size & (BYTES_PER_WORD - 1)) {
2033 size += (BYTES_PER_WORD - 1);
2034 size &= ~(BYTES_PER_WORD - 1);
2037 /* calculate the final buffer alignment: */
2039 /* 1) arch recommendation: can be overridden for debug */
2040 if (flags & SLAB_HWCACHE_ALIGN) {
2042 * Default alignment: as specified by the arch code. Except if
2043 * an object is really small, then squeeze multiple objects into
2044 * one cacheline.
2046 ralign = cache_line_size();
2047 while (size <= ralign / 2)
2048 ralign /= 2;
2049 } else {
2050 ralign = BYTES_PER_WORD;
2052 /* 2) arch mandated alignment: disables debug if necessary */
2053 if (ralign < ARCH_SLAB_MINALIGN) {
2054 ralign = ARCH_SLAB_MINALIGN;
2055 if (ralign > BYTES_PER_WORD)
2056 flags &= ~(SLAB_RED_ZONE | SLAB_STORE_USER);
2058 /* 3) caller mandated alignment: disables debug if necessary */
2059 if (ralign < align) {
2060 ralign = align;
2061 if (ralign > BYTES_PER_WORD)
2062 flags &= ~(SLAB_RED_ZONE | SLAB_STORE_USER);
2065 * 4) Store it. Note that the debug code below can reduce
2066 * the alignment to BYTES_PER_WORD.
2068 align = ralign;
2070 /* Get cache's description obj. */
2071 cachep = kmem_cache_zalloc(&cache_cache, SLAB_KERNEL);
2072 if (!cachep)
2073 goto oops;
2075 #if DEBUG
2076 cachep->obj_size = size;
2078 if (flags & SLAB_RED_ZONE) {
2079 /* redzoning only works with word aligned caches */
2080 align = BYTES_PER_WORD;
2082 /* add space for red zone words */
2083 cachep->obj_offset += BYTES_PER_WORD;
2084 size += 2 * BYTES_PER_WORD;
2086 if (flags & SLAB_STORE_USER) {
2087 /* user store requires word alignment and
2088 * one word storage behind the end of the real
2089 * object.
2091 align = BYTES_PER_WORD;
2092 size += BYTES_PER_WORD;
2094 #if FORCED_DEBUG && defined(CONFIG_DEBUG_PAGEALLOC)
2095 if (size >= malloc_sizes[INDEX_L3 + 1].cs_size
2096 && cachep->obj_size > cache_line_size() && size < PAGE_SIZE) {
2097 cachep->obj_offset += PAGE_SIZE - size;
2098 size = PAGE_SIZE;
2100 #endif
2101 #endif
2104 * Determine if the slab management is 'on' or 'off' slab.
2105 * (bootstrapping cannot cope with offslab caches so don't do
2106 * it too early on.)
2108 if ((size >= (PAGE_SIZE >> 3)) && !slab_early_init)
2110 * Size is large, assume best to place the slab management obj
2111 * off-slab (should allow better packing of objs).
2113 flags |= CFLGS_OFF_SLAB;
2115 size = ALIGN(size, align);
2117 left_over = calculate_slab_order(cachep, size, align, flags);
2119 if (!cachep->num) {
2120 printk("kmem_cache_create: couldn't create cache %s.\n", name);
2121 kmem_cache_free(&cache_cache, cachep);
2122 cachep = NULL;
2123 goto oops;
2125 slab_size = ALIGN(cachep->num * sizeof(kmem_bufctl_t)
2126 + sizeof(struct slab), align);
2129 * If the slab has been placed off-slab, and we have enough space then
2130 * move it on-slab. This is at the expense of any extra colouring.
2132 if (flags & CFLGS_OFF_SLAB && left_over >= slab_size) {
2133 flags &= ~CFLGS_OFF_SLAB;
2134 left_over -= slab_size;
2137 if (flags & CFLGS_OFF_SLAB) {
2138 /* really off slab. No need for manual alignment */
2139 slab_size =
2140 cachep->num * sizeof(kmem_bufctl_t) + sizeof(struct slab);
2143 cachep->colour_off = cache_line_size();
2144 /* Offset must be a multiple of the alignment. */
2145 if (cachep->colour_off < align)
2146 cachep->colour_off = align;
2147 cachep->colour = left_over / cachep->colour_off;
2148 cachep->slab_size = slab_size;
2149 cachep->flags = flags;
2150 cachep->gfpflags = 0;
2151 if (flags & SLAB_CACHE_DMA)
2152 cachep->gfpflags |= GFP_DMA;
2153 cachep->buffer_size = size;
2155 if (flags & CFLGS_OFF_SLAB)
2156 cachep->slabp_cache = kmem_find_general_cachep(slab_size, 0u);
2157 cachep->ctor = ctor;
2158 cachep->dtor = dtor;
2159 cachep->name = name;
2162 setup_cpu_cache(cachep);
2164 /* cache setup completed, link it into the list */
2165 list_add(&cachep->next, &cache_chain);
2166 oops:
2167 if (!cachep && (flags & SLAB_PANIC))
2168 panic("kmem_cache_create(): failed to create slab `%s'\n",
2169 name);
2170 mutex_unlock(&cache_chain_mutex);
2171 unlock_cpu_hotplug();
2172 return cachep;
2174 EXPORT_SYMBOL(kmem_cache_create);
2176 #if DEBUG
2177 static void check_irq_off(void)
2179 BUG_ON(!irqs_disabled());
2182 static void check_irq_on(void)
2184 BUG_ON(irqs_disabled());
2187 static void check_spinlock_acquired(struct kmem_cache *cachep)
2189 #ifdef CONFIG_SMP
2190 check_irq_off();
2191 assert_spin_locked(&cachep->nodelists[numa_node_id()]->list_lock);
2192 #endif
2195 static void check_spinlock_acquired_node(struct kmem_cache *cachep, int node)
2197 #ifdef CONFIG_SMP
2198 check_irq_off();
2199 assert_spin_locked(&cachep->nodelists[node]->list_lock);
2200 #endif
2203 #else
2204 #define check_irq_off() do { } while(0)
2205 #define check_irq_on() do { } while(0)
2206 #define check_spinlock_acquired(x) do { } while(0)
2207 #define check_spinlock_acquired_node(x, y) do { } while(0)
2208 #endif
2210 static void drain_array(struct kmem_cache *cachep, struct kmem_list3 *l3,
2211 struct array_cache *ac,
2212 int force, int node);
2214 static void do_drain(void *arg)
2216 struct kmem_cache *cachep = arg;
2217 struct array_cache *ac;
2218 int node = numa_node_id();
2220 check_irq_off();
2221 ac = cpu_cache_get(cachep);
2222 spin_lock(&cachep->nodelists[node]->list_lock);
2223 free_block(cachep, ac->entry, ac->avail, node);
2224 spin_unlock(&cachep->nodelists[node]->list_lock);
2225 ac->avail = 0;
2228 static void drain_cpu_caches(struct kmem_cache *cachep)
2230 struct kmem_list3 *l3;
2231 int node;
2233 on_each_cpu(do_drain, cachep, 1, 1);
2234 check_irq_on();
2235 for_each_online_node(node) {
2236 l3 = cachep->nodelists[node];
2237 if (l3 && l3->alien)
2238 drain_alien_cache(cachep, l3->alien);
2241 for_each_online_node(node) {
2242 l3 = cachep->nodelists[node];
2243 if (l3)
2244 drain_array(cachep, l3, l3->shared, 1, node);
2248 static int __node_shrink(struct kmem_cache *cachep, int node)
2250 struct slab *slabp;
2251 struct kmem_list3 *l3 = cachep->nodelists[node];
2252 int ret;
2254 for (;;) {
2255 struct list_head *p;
2257 p = l3->slabs_free.prev;
2258 if (p == &l3->slabs_free)
2259 break;
2261 slabp = list_entry(l3->slabs_free.prev, struct slab, list);
2262 #if DEBUG
2263 BUG_ON(slabp->inuse);
2264 #endif
2265 list_del(&slabp->list);
2267 l3->free_objects -= cachep->num;
2268 spin_unlock_irq(&l3->list_lock);
2269 slab_destroy(cachep, slabp);
2270 spin_lock_irq(&l3->list_lock);
2272 ret = !list_empty(&l3->slabs_full) || !list_empty(&l3->slabs_partial);
2273 return ret;
2276 static int __cache_shrink(struct kmem_cache *cachep)
2278 int ret = 0, i = 0;
2279 struct kmem_list3 *l3;
2281 drain_cpu_caches(cachep);
2283 check_irq_on();
2284 for_each_online_node(i) {
2285 l3 = cachep->nodelists[i];
2286 if (l3) {
2287 spin_lock_irq(&l3->list_lock);
2288 ret += __node_shrink(cachep, i);
2289 spin_unlock_irq(&l3->list_lock);
2292 return (ret ? 1 : 0);
2296 * kmem_cache_shrink - Shrink a cache.
2297 * @cachep: The cache to shrink.
2299 * Releases as many slabs as possible for a cache.
2300 * To help debugging, a zero exit status indicates all slabs were released.
2302 int kmem_cache_shrink(struct kmem_cache *cachep)
2304 BUG_ON(!cachep || in_interrupt());
2306 return __cache_shrink(cachep);
2308 EXPORT_SYMBOL(kmem_cache_shrink);
2311 * kmem_cache_destroy - delete a cache
2312 * @cachep: the cache to destroy
2314 * Remove a struct kmem_cache object from the slab cache.
2315 * Returns 0 on success.
2317 * It is expected this function will be called by a module when it is
2318 * unloaded. This will remove the cache completely, and avoid a duplicate
2319 * cache being allocated each time a module is loaded and unloaded, if the
2320 * module doesn't have persistent in-kernel storage across loads and unloads.
2322 * The cache must be empty before calling this function.
2324 * The caller must guarantee that noone will allocate memory from the cache
2325 * during the kmem_cache_destroy().
2327 int kmem_cache_destroy(struct kmem_cache *cachep)
2329 int i;
2330 struct kmem_list3 *l3;
2332 BUG_ON(!cachep || in_interrupt());
2334 /* Don't let CPUs to come and go */
2335 lock_cpu_hotplug();
2337 /* Find the cache in the chain of caches. */
2338 mutex_lock(&cache_chain_mutex);
2340 * the chain is never empty, cache_cache is never destroyed
2342 list_del(&cachep->next);
2343 mutex_unlock(&cache_chain_mutex);
2345 if (__cache_shrink(cachep)) {
2346 slab_error(cachep, "Can't free all objects");
2347 mutex_lock(&cache_chain_mutex);
2348 list_add(&cachep->next, &cache_chain);
2349 mutex_unlock(&cache_chain_mutex);
2350 unlock_cpu_hotplug();
2351 return 1;
2354 if (unlikely(cachep->flags & SLAB_DESTROY_BY_RCU))
2355 synchronize_rcu();
2357 for_each_online_cpu(i)
2358 kfree(cachep->array[i]);
2360 /* NUMA: free the list3 structures */
2361 for_each_online_node(i) {
2362 l3 = cachep->nodelists[i];
2363 if (l3) {
2364 kfree(l3->shared);
2365 free_alien_cache(l3->alien);
2366 kfree(l3);
2369 kmem_cache_free(&cache_cache, cachep);
2370 unlock_cpu_hotplug();
2371 return 0;
2373 EXPORT_SYMBOL(kmem_cache_destroy);
2375 /* Get the memory for a slab management obj. */
2376 static struct slab *alloc_slabmgmt(struct kmem_cache *cachep, void *objp,
2377 int colour_off, gfp_t local_flags,
2378 int nodeid)
2380 struct slab *slabp;
2382 if (OFF_SLAB(cachep)) {
2383 /* Slab management obj is off-slab. */
2384 slabp = kmem_cache_alloc_node(cachep->slabp_cache,
2385 local_flags, nodeid);
2386 if (!slabp)
2387 return NULL;
2388 } else {
2389 slabp = objp + colour_off;
2390 colour_off += cachep->slab_size;
2392 slabp->inuse = 0;
2393 slabp->colouroff = colour_off;
2394 slabp->s_mem = objp + colour_off;
2395 slabp->nodeid = nodeid;
2396 return slabp;
2399 static inline kmem_bufctl_t *slab_bufctl(struct slab *slabp)
2401 return (kmem_bufctl_t *) (slabp + 1);
2404 static void cache_init_objs(struct kmem_cache *cachep,
2405 struct slab *slabp, unsigned long ctor_flags)
2407 int i;
2409 for (i = 0; i < cachep->num; i++) {
2410 void *objp = index_to_obj(cachep, slabp, i);
2411 #if DEBUG
2412 /* need to poison the objs? */
2413 if (cachep->flags & SLAB_POISON)
2414 poison_obj(cachep, objp, POISON_FREE);
2415 if (cachep->flags & SLAB_STORE_USER)
2416 *dbg_userword(cachep, objp) = NULL;
2418 if (cachep->flags & SLAB_RED_ZONE) {
2419 *dbg_redzone1(cachep, objp) = RED_INACTIVE;
2420 *dbg_redzone2(cachep, objp) = RED_INACTIVE;
2423 * Constructors are not allowed to allocate memory from the same
2424 * cache which they are a constructor for. Otherwise, deadlock.
2425 * They must also be threaded.
2427 if (cachep->ctor && !(cachep->flags & SLAB_POISON))
2428 cachep->ctor(objp + obj_offset(cachep), cachep,
2429 ctor_flags);
2431 if (cachep->flags & SLAB_RED_ZONE) {
2432 if (*dbg_redzone2(cachep, objp) != RED_INACTIVE)
2433 slab_error(cachep, "constructor overwrote the"
2434 " end of an object");
2435 if (*dbg_redzone1(cachep, objp) != RED_INACTIVE)
2436 slab_error(cachep, "constructor overwrote the"
2437 " start of an object");
2439 if ((cachep->buffer_size % PAGE_SIZE) == 0 &&
2440 OFF_SLAB(cachep) && cachep->flags & SLAB_POISON)
2441 kernel_map_pages(virt_to_page(objp),
2442 cachep->buffer_size / PAGE_SIZE, 0);
2443 #else
2444 if (cachep->ctor)
2445 cachep->ctor(objp, cachep, ctor_flags);
2446 #endif
2447 slab_bufctl(slabp)[i] = i + 1;
2449 slab_bufctl(slabp)[i - 1] = BUFCTL_END;
2450 slabp->free = 0;
2453 static void kmem_flagcheck(struct kmem_cache *cachep, gfp_t flags)
2455 if (flags & SLAB_DMA)
2456 BUG_ON(!(cachep->gfpflags & GFP_DMA));
2457 else
2458 BUG_ON(cachep->gfpflags & GFP_DMA);
2461 static void *slab_get_obj(struct kmem_cache *cachep, struct slab *slabp,
2462 int nodeid)
2464 void *objp = index_to_obj(cachep, slabp, slabp->free);
2465 kmem_bufctl_t next;
2467 slabp->inuse++;
2468 next = slab_bufctl(slabp)[slabp->free];
2469 #if DEBUG
2470 slab_bufctl(slabp)[slabp->free] = BUFCTL_FREE;
2471 WARN_ON(slabp->nodeid != nodeid);
2472 #endif
2473 slabp->free = next;
2475 return objp;
2478 static void slab_put_obj(struct kmem_cache *cachep, struct slab *slabp,
2479 void *objp, int nodeid)
2481 unsigned int objnr = obj_to_index(cachep, slabp, objp);
2483 #if DEBUG
2484 /* Verify that the slab belongs to the intended node */
2485 WARN_ON(slabp->nodeid != nodeid);
2487 if (slab_bufctl(slabp)[objnr] + 1 <= SLAB_LIMIT + 1) {
2488 printk(KERN_ERR "slab: double free detected in cache "
2489 "'%s', objp %p\n", cachep->name, objp);
2490 BUG();
2492 #endif
2493 slab_bufctl(slabp)[objnr] = slabp->free;
2494 slabp->free = objnr;
2495 slabp->inuse--;
2499 * Map pages beginning at addr to the given cache and slab. This is required
2500 * for the slab allocator to be able to lookup the cache and slab of a
2501 * virtual address for kfree, ksize, kmem_ptr_validate, and slab debugging.
2503 static void slab_map_pages(struct kmem_cache *cache, struct slab *slab,
2504 void *addr)
2506 int nr_pages;
2507 struct page *page;
2509 page = virt_to_page(addr);
2511 nr_pages = 1;
2512 if (likely(!PageCompound(page)))
2513 nr_pages <<= cache->gfporder;
2515 do {
2516 page_set_cache(page, cache);
2517 page_set_slab(page, slab);
2518 page++;
2519 } while (--nr_pages);
2523 * Grow (by 1) the number of slabs within a cache. This is called by
2524 * kmem_cache_alloc() when there are no active objs left in a cache.
2526 static int cache_grow(struct kmem_cache *cachep, gfp_t flags, int nodeid)
2528 struct slab *slabp;
2529 void *objp;
2530 size_t offset;
2531 gfp_t local_flags;
2532 unsigned long ctor_flags;
2533 struct kmem_list3 *l3;
2536 * Be lazy and only check for valid flags here, keeping it out of the
2537 * critical path in kmem_cache_alloc().
2539 BUG_ON(flags & ~(SLAB_DMA | SLAB_LEVEL_MASK | SLAB_NO_GROW));
2540 if (flags & SLAB_NO_GROW)
2541 return 0;
2543 ctor_flags = SLAB_CTOR_CONSTRUCTOR;
2544 local_flags = (flags & SLAB_LEVEL_MASK);
2545 if (!(local_flags & __GFP_WAIT))
2547 * Not allowed to sleep. Need to tell a constructor about
2548 * this - it might need to know...
2550 ctor_flags |= SLAB_CTOR_ATOMIC;
2552 /* Take the l3 list lock to change the colour_next on this node */
2553 check_irq_off();
2554 l3 = cachep->nodelists[nodeid];
2555 spin_lock(&l3->list_lock);
2557 /* Get colour for the slab, and cal the next value. */
2558 offset = l3->colour_next;
2559 l3->colour_next++;
2560 if (l3->colour_next >= cachep->colour)
2561 l3->colour_next = 0;
2562 spin_unlock(&l3->list_lock);
2564 offset *= cachep->colour_off;
2566 if (local_flags & __GFP_WAIT)
2567 local_irq_enable();
2570 * The test for missing atomic flag is performed here, rather than
2571 * the more obvious place, simply to reduce the critical path length
2572 * in kmem_cache_alloc(). If a caller is seriously mis-behaving they
2573 * will eventually be caught here (where it matters).
2575 kmem_flagcheck(cachep, flags);
2578 * Get mem for the objs. Attempt to allocate a physical page from
2579 * 'nodeid'.
2581 objp = kmem_getpages(cachep, flags, nodeid);
2582 if (!objp)
2583 goto failed;
2585 /* Get slab management. */
2586 slabp = alloc_slabmgmt(cachep, objp, offset, local_flags, nodeid);
2587 if (!slabp)
2588 goto opps1;
2590 slabp->nodeid = nodeid;
2591 slab_map_pages(cachep, slabp, objp);
2593 cache_init_objs(cachep, slabp, ctor_flags);
2595 if (local_flags & __GFP_WAIT)
2596 local_irq_disable();
2597 check_irq_off();
2598 spin_lock(&l3->list_lock);
2600 /* Make slab active. */
2601 list_add_tail(&slabp->list, &(l3->slabs_free));
2602 STATS_INC_GROWN(cachep);
2603 l3->free_objects += cachep->num;
2604 spin_unlock(&l3->list_lock);
2605 return 1;
2606 opps1:
2607 kmem_freepages(cachep, objp);
2608 failed:
2609 if (local_flags & __GFP_WAIT)
2610 local_irq_disable();
2611 return 0;
2614 #if DEBUG
2617 * Perform extra freeing checks:
2618 * - detect bad pointers.
2619 * - POISON/RED_ZONE checking
2620 * - destructor calls, for caches with POISON+dtor
2622 static void kfree_debugcheck(const void *objp)
2624 struct page *page;
2626 if (!virt_addr_valid(objp)) {
2627 printk(KERN_ERR "kfree_debugcheck: out of range ptr %lxh.\n",
2628 (unsigned long)objp);
2629 BUG();
2631 page = virt_to_page(objp);
2632 if (!PageSlab(page)) {
2633 printk(KERN_ERR "kfree_debugcheck: bad ptr %lxh.\n",
2634 (unsigned long)objp);
2635 BUG();
2639 static inline void verify_redzone_free(struct kmem_cache *cache, void *obj)
2641 unsigned long redzone1, redzone2;
2643 redzone1 = *dbg_redzone1(cache, obj);
2644 redzone2 = *dbg_redzone2(cache, obj);
2647 * Redzone is ok.
2649 if (redzone1 == RED_ACTIVE && redzone2 == RED_ACTIVE)
2650 return;
2652 if (redzone1 == RED_INACTIVE && redzone2 == RED_INACTIVE)
2653 slab_error(cache, "double free detected");
2654 else
2655 slab_error(cache, "memory outside object was overwritten");
2657 printk(KERN_ERR "%p: redzone 1:0x%lx, redzone 2:0x%lx.\n",
2658 obj, redzone1, redzone2);
2661 static void *cache_free_debugcheck(struct kmem_cache *cachep, void *objp,
2662 void *caller)
2664 struct page *page;
2665 unsigned int objnr;
2666 struct slab *slabp;
2668 objp -= obj_offset(cachep);
2669 kfree_debugcheck(objp);
2670 page = virt_to_page(objp);
2672 slabp = page_get_slab(page);
2674 if (cachep->flags & SLAB_RED_ZONE) {
2675 verify_redzone_free(cachep, objp);
2676 *dbg_redzone1(cachep, objp) = RED_INACTIVE;
2677 *dbg_redzone2(cachep, objp) = RED_INACTIVE;
2679 if (cachep->flags & SLAB_STORE_USER)
2680 *dbg_userword(cachep, objp) = caller;
2682 objnr = obj_to_index(cachep, slabp, objp);
2684 BUG_ON(objnr >= cachep->num);
2685 BUG_ON(objp != index_to_obj(cachep, slabp, objnr));
2687 if (cachep->flags & SLAB_DEBUG_INITIAL) {
2689 * Need to call the slab's constructor so the caller can
2690 * perform a verify of its state (debugging). Called without
2691 * the cache-lock held.
2693 cachep->ctor(objp + obj_offset(cachep),
2694 cachep, SLAB_CTOR_CONSTRUCTOR | SLAB_CTOR_VERIFY);
2696 if (cachep->flags & SLAB_POISON && cachep->dtor) {
2697 /* we want to cache poison the object,
2698 * call the destruction callback
2700 cachep->dtor(objp + obj_offset(cachep), cachep, 0);
2702 #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_SLAB_LEAK
2703 slab_bufctl(slabp)[objnr] = BUFCTL_FREE;
2704 #endif
2705 if (cachep->flags & SLAB_POISON) {
2706 #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_PAGEALLOC
2707 if ((cachep->buffer_size % PAGE_SIZE)==0 && OFF_SLAB(cachep)) {
2708 store_stackinfo(cachep, objp, (unsigned long)caller);
2709 kernel_map_pages(virt_to_page(objp),
2710 cachep->buffer_size / PAGE_SIZE, 0);
2711 } else {
2712 poison_obj(cachep, objp, POISON_FREE);
2714 #else
2715 poison_obj(cachep, objp, POISON_FREE);
2716 #endif
2718 return objp;
2721 static void check_slabp(struct kmem_cache *cachep, struct slab *slabp)
2723 kmem_bufctl_t i;
2724 int entries = 0;
2726 /* Check slab's freelist to see if this obj is there. */
2727 for (i = slabp->free; i != BUFCTL_END; i = slab_bufctl(slabp)[i]) {
2728 entries++;
2729 if (entries > cachep->num || i >= cachep->num)
2730 goto bad;
2732 if (entries != cachep->num - slabp->inuse) {
2733 bad:
2734 printk(KERN_ERR "slab: Internal list corruption detected in "
2735 "cache '%s'(%d), slabp %p(%d). Hexdump:\n",
2736 cachep->name, cachep->num, slabp, slabp->inuse);
2737 for (i = 0;
2738 i < sizeof(*slabp) + cachep->num * sizeof(kmem_bufctl_t);
2739 i++) {
2740 if (i % 16 == 0)
2741 printk("\n%03x:", i);
2742 printk(" %02x", ((unsigned char *)slabp)[i]);
2744 printk("\n");
2745 BUG();
2748 #else
2749 #define kfree_debugcheck(x) do { } while(0)
2750 #define cache_free_debugcheck(x,objp,z) (objp)
2751 #define check_slabp(x,y) do { } while(0)
2752 #endif
2754 static void *cache_alloc_refill(struct kmem_cache *cachep, gfp_t flags)
2756 int batchcount;
2757 struct kmem_list3 *l3;
2758 struct array_cache *ac;
2760 check_irq_off();
2761 ac = cpu_cache_get(cachep);
2762 retry:
2763 batchcount = ac->batchcount;
2764 if (!ac->touched && batchcount > BATCHREFILL_LIMIT) {
2766 * If there was little recent activity on this cache, then
2767 * perform only a partial refill. Otherwise we could generate
2768 * refill bouncing.
2770 batchcount = BATCHREFILL_LIMIT;
2772 l3 = cachep->nodelists[numa_node_id()];
2774 BUG_ON(ac->avail > 0 || !l3);
2775 spin_lock(&l3->list_lock);
2777 /* See if we can refill from the shared array */
2778 if (l3->shared && transfer_objects(ac, l3->shared, batchcount))
2779 goto alloc_done;
2781 while (batchcount > 0) {
2782 struct list_head *entry;
2783 struct slab *slabp;
2784 /* Get slab alloc is to come from. */
2785 entry = l3->slabs_partial.next;
2786 if (entry == &l3->slabs_partial) {
2787 l3->free_touched = 1;
2788 entry = l3->slabs_free.next;
2789 if (entry == &l3->slabs_free)
2790 goto must_grow;
2793 slabp = list_entry(entry, struct slab, list);
2794 check_slabp(cachep, slabp);
2795 check_spinlock_acquired(cachep);
2796 while (slabp->inuse < cachep->num && batchcount--) {
2797 STATS_INC_ALLOCED(cachep);
2798 STATS_INC_ACTIVE(cachep);
2799 STATS_SET_HIGH(cachep);
2801 ac->entry[ac->avail++] = slab_get_obj(cachep, slabp,
2802 numa_node_id());
2804 check_slabp(cachep, slabp);
2806 /* move slabp to correct slabp list: */
2807 list_del(&slabp->list);
2808 if (slabp->free == BUFCTL_END)
2809 list_add(&slabp->list, &l3->slabs_full);
2810 else
2811 list_add(&slabp->list, &l3->slabs_partial);
2814 must_grow:
2815 l3->free_objects -= ac->avail;
2816 alloc_done:
2817 spin_unlock(&l3->list_lock);
2819 if (unlikely(!ac->avail)) {
2820 int x;
2821 x = cache_grow(cachep, flags, numa_node_id());
2823 /* cache_grow can reenable interrupts, then ac could change. */
2824 ac = cpu_cache_get(cachep);
2825 if (!x && ac->avail == 0) /* no objects in sight? abort */
2826 return NULL;
2828 if (!ac->avail) /* objects refilled by interrupt? */
2829 goto retry;
2831 ac->touched = 1;
2832 return ac->entry[--ac->avail];
2835 static inline void cache_alloc_debugcheck_before(struct kmem_cache *cachep,
2836 gfp_t flags)
2838 might_sleep_if(flags & __GFP_WAIT);
2839 #if DEBUG
2840 kmem_flagcheck(cachep, flags);
2841 #endif
2844 #if DEBUG
2845 static void *cache_alloc_debugcheck_after(struct kmem_cache *cachep,
2846 gfp_t flags, void *objp, void *caller)
2848 if (!objp)
2849 return objp;
2850 if (cachep->flags & SLAB_POISON) {
2851 #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_PAGEALLOC
2852 if ((cachep->buffer_size % PAGE_SIZE) == 0 && OFF_SLAB(cachep))
2853 kernel_map_pages(virt_to_page(objp),
2854 cachep->buffer_size / PAGE_SIZE, 1);
2855 else
2856 check_poison_obj(cachep, objp);
2857 #else
2858 check_poison_obj(cachep, objp);
2859 #endif
2860 poison_obj(cachep, objp, POISON_INUSE);
2862 if (cachep->flags & SLAB_STORE_USER)
2863 *dbg_userword(cachep, objp) = caller;
2865 if (cachep->flags & SLAB_RED_ZONE) {
2866 if (*dbg_redzone1(cachep, objp) != RED_INACTIVE ||
2867 *dbg_redzone2(cachep, objp) != RED_INACTIVE) {
2868 slab_error(cachep, "double free, or memory outside"
2869 " object was overwritten");
2870 printk(KERN_ERR
2871 "%p: redzone 1:0x%lx, redzone 2:0x%lx\n",
2872 objp, *dbg_redzone1(cachep, objp),
2873 *dbg_redzone2(cachep, objp));
2875 *dbg_redzone1(cachep, objp) = RED_ACTIVE;
2876 *dbg_redzone2(cachep, objp) = RED_ACTIVE;
2878 #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_SLAB_LEAK
2880 struct slab *slabp;
2881 unsigned objnr;
2883 slabp = page_get_slab(virt_to_page(objp));
2884 objnr = (unsigned)(objp - slabp->s_mem) / cachep->buffer_size;
2885 slab_bufctl(slabp)[objnr] = BUFCTL_ACTIVE;
2887 #endif
2888 objp += obj_offset(cachep);
2889 if (cachep->ctor && cachep->flags & SLAB_POISON) {
2890 unsigned long ctor_flags = SLAB_CTOR_CONSTRUCTOR;
2892 if (!(flags & __GFP_WAIT))
2893 ctor_flags |= SLAB_CTOR_ATOMIC;
2895 cachep->ctor(objp, cachep, ctor_flags);
2897 return objp;
2899 #else
2900 #define cache_alloc_debugcheck_after(a,b,objp,d) (objp)
2901 #endif
2903 static inline void *____cache_alloc(struct kmem_cache *cachep, gfp_t flags)
2905 void *objp;
2906 struct array_cache *ac;
2908 #ifdef CONFIG_NUMA
2909 if (unlikely(current->flags & (PF_SPREAD_SLAB | PF_MEMPOLICY))) {
2910 objp = alternate_node_alloc(cachep, flags);
2911 if (objp != NULL)
2912 return objp;
2914 #endif
2916 check_irq_off();
2917 ac = cpu_cache_get(cachep);
2918 if (likely(ac->avail)) {
2919 STATS_INC_ALLOCHIT(cachep);
2920 ac->touched = 1;
2921 objp = ac->entry[--ac->avail];
2922 } else {
2923 STATS_INC_ALLOCMISS(cachep);
2924 objp = cache_alloc_refill(cachep, flags);
2926 return objp;
2929 static __always_inline void *__cache_alloc(struct kmem_cache *cachep,
2930 gfp_t flags, void *caller)
2932 unsigned long save_flags;
2933 void *objp;
2935 cache_alloc_debugcheck_before(cachep, flags);
2937 local_irq_save(save_flags);
2938 objp = ____cache_alloc(cachep, flags);
2939 local_irq_restore(save_flags);
2940 objp = cache_alloc_debugcheck_after(cachep, flags, objp,
2941 caller);
2942 prefetchw(objp);
2943 return objp;
2946 #ifdef CONFIG_NUMA
2948 * Try allocating on another node if PF_SPREAD_SLAB|PF_MEMPOLICY.
2950 * If we are in_interrupt, then process context, including cpusets and
2951 * mempolicy, may not apply and should not be used for allocation policy.
2953 static void *alternate_node_alloc(struct kmem_cache *cachep, gfp_t flags)
2955 int nid_alloc, nid_here;
2957 if (in_interrupt())
2958 return NULL;
2959 nid_alloc = nid_here = numa_node_id();
2960 if (cpuset_do_slab_mem_spread() && (cachep->flags & SLAB_MEM_SPREAD))
2961 nid_alloc = cpuset_mem_spread_node();
2962 else if (current->mempolicy)
2963 nid_alloc = slab_node(current->mempolicy);
2964 if (nid_alloc != nid_here)
2965 return __cache_alloc_node(cachep, flags, nid_alloc);
2966 return NULL;
2970 * A interface to enable slab creation on nodeid
2972 static void *__cache_alloc_node(struct kmem_cache *cachep, gfp_t flags,
2973 int nodeid)
2975 struct list_head *entry;
2976 struct slab *slabp;
2977 struct kmem_list3 *l3;
2978 void *obj;
2979 int x;
2981 l3 = cachep->nodelists[nodeid];
2982 BUG_ON(!l3);
2984 retry:
2985 check_irq_off();
2986 spin_lock(&l3->list_lock);
2987 entry = l3->slabs_partial.next;
2988 if (entry == &l3->slabs_partial) {
2989 l3->free_touched = 1;
2990 entry = l3->slabs_free.next;
2991 if (entry == &l3->slabs_free)
2992 goto must_grow;
2995 slabp = list_entry(entry, struct slab, list);
2996 check_spinlock_acquired_node(cachep, nodeid);
2997 check_slabp(cachep, slabp);
2999 STATS_INC_NODEALLOCS(cachep);
3000 STATS_INC_ACTIVE(cachep);
3001 STATS_SET_HIGH(cachep);
3003 BUG_ON(slabp->inuse == cachep->num);
3005 obj = slab_get_obj(cachep, slabp, nodeid);
3006 check_slabp(cachep, slabp);
3007 l3->free_objects--;
3008 /* move slabp to correct slabp list: */
3009 list_del(&slabp->list);
3011 if (slabp->free == BUFCTL_END)
3012 list_add(&slabp->list, &l3->slabs_full);
3013 else
3014 list_add(&slabp->list, &l3->slabs_partial);
3016 spin_unlock(&l3->list_lock);
3017 goto done;
3019 must_grow:
3020 spin_unlock(&l3->list_lock);
3021 x = cache_grow(cachep, flags, nodeid);
3023 if (!x)
3024 return NULL;
3026 goto retry;
3027 done:
3028 return obj;
3030 #endif
3033 * Caller needs to acquire correct kmem_list's list_lock
3035 static void free_block(struct kmem_cache *cachep, void **objpp, int nr_objects,
3036 int node)
3038 int i;
3039 struct kmem_list3 *l3;
3041 for (i = 0; i < nr_objects; i++) {
3042 void *objp = objpp[i];
3043 struct slab *slabp;
3045 slabp = virt_to_slab(objp);
3046 l3 = cachep->nodelists[node];
3047 list_del(&slabp->list);
3048 check_spinlock_acquired_node(cachep, node);
3049 check_slabp(cachep, slabp);
3050 slab_put_obj(cachep, slabp, objp, node);
3051 STATS_DEC_ACTIVE(cachep);
3052 l3->free_objects++;
3053 check_slabp(cachep, slabp);
3055 /* fixup slab chains */
3056 if (slabp->inuse == 0) {
3057 if (l3->free_objects > l3->free_limit) {
3058 l3->free_objects -= cachep->num;
3059 slab_destroy(cachep, slabp);
3060 } else {
3061 list_add(&slabp->list, &l3->slabs_free);
3063 } else {
3064 /* Unconditionally move a slab to the end of the
3065 * partial list on free - maximum time for the
3066 * other objects to be freed, too.
3068 list_add_tail(&slabp->list, &l3->slabs_partial);
3073 static void cache_flusharray(struct kmem_cache *cachep, struct array_cache *ac)
3075 int batchcount;
3076 struct kmem_list3 *l3;
3077 int node = numa_node_id();
3079 batchcount = ac->batchcount;
3080 #if DEBUG
3081 BUG_ON(!batchcount || batchcount > ac->avail);
3082 #endif
3083 check_irq_off();
3084 l3 = cachep->nodelists[node];
3085 spin_lock(&l3->list_lock);
3086 if (l3->shared) {
3087 struct array_cache *shared_array = l3->shared;
3088 int max = shared_array->limit - shared_array->avail;
3089 if (max) {
3090 if (batchcount > max)
3091 batchcount = max;
3092 memcpy(&(shared_array->entry[shared_array->avail]),
3093 ac->entry, sizeof(void *) * batchcount);
3094 shared_array->avail += batchcount;
3095 goto free_done;
3099 free_block(cachep, ac->entry, batchcount, node);
3100 free_done:
3101 #if STATS
3103 int i = 0;
3104 struct list_head *p;
3106 p = l3->slabs_free.next;
3107 while (p != &(l3->slabs_free)) {
3108 struct slab *slabp;
3110 slabp = list_entry(p, struct slab, list);
3111 BUG_ON(slabp->inuse);
3113 i++;
3114 p = p->next;
3116 STATS_SET_FREEABLE(cachep, i);
3118 #endif
3119 spin_unlock(&l3->list_lock);
3120 ac->avail -= batchcount;
3121 memmove(ac->entry, &(ac->entry[batchcount]), sizeof(void *)*ac->avail);
3125 * Release an obj back to its cache. If the obj has a constructed state, it must
3126 * be in this state _before_ it is released. Called with disabled ints.
3128 static inline void __cache_free(struct kmem_cache *cachep, void *objp)
3130 struct array_cache *ac = cpu_cache_get(cachep);
3132 check_irq_off();
3133 objp = cache_free_debugcheck(cachep, objp, __builtin_return_address(0));
3135 if (cache_free_alien(cachep, objp))
3136 return;
3138 if (likely(ac->avail < ac->limit)) {
3139 STATS_INC_FREEHIT(cachep);
3140 ac->entry[ac->avail++] = objp;
3141 return;
3142 } else {
3143 STATS_INC_FREEMISS(cachep);
3144 cache_flusharray(cachep, ac);
3145 ac->entry[ac->avail++] = objp;
3150 * kmem_cache_alloc - Allocate an object
3151 * @cachep: The cache to allocate from.
3152 * @flags: See kmalloc().
3154 * Allocate an object from this cache. The flags are only relevant
3155 * if the cache has no available objects.
3157 void *kmem_cache_alloc(struct kmem_cache *cachep, gfp_t flags)
3159 return __cache_alloc(cachep, flags, __builtin_return_address(0));
3161 EXPORT_SYMBOL(kmem_cache_alloc);
3164 * kmem_cache_alloc - Allocate an object. The memory is set to zero.
3165 * @cache: The cache to allocate from.
3166 * @flags: See kmalloc().
3168 * Allocate an object from this cache and set the allocated memory to zero.
3169 * The flags are only relevant if the cache has no available objects.
3171 void *kmem_cache_zalloc(struct kmem_cache *cache, gfp_t flags)
3173 void *ret = __cache_alloc(cache, flags, __builtin_return_address(0));
3174 if (ret)
3175 memset(ret, 0, obj_size(cache));
3176 return ret;
3178 EXPORT_SYMBOL(kmem_cache_zalloc);
3181 * kmem_ptr_validate - check if an untrusted pointer might
3182 * be a slab entry.
3183 * @cachep: the cache we're checking against
3184 * @ptr: pointer to validate
3186 * This verifies that the untrusted pointer looks sane:
3187 * it is _not_ a guarantee that the pointer is actually
3188 * part of the slab cache in question, but it at least
3189 * validates that the pointer can be dereferenced and
3190 * looks half-way sane.
3192 * Currently only used for dentry validation.
3194 int fastcall kmem_ptr_validate(struct kmem_cache *cachep, void *ptr)
3196 unsigned long addr = (unsigned long)ptr;
3197 unsigned long min_addr = PAGE_OFFSET;
3198 unsigned long align_mask = BYTES_PER_WORD - 1;
3199 unsigned long size = cachep->buffer_size;
3200 struct page *page;
3202 if (unlikely(addr < min_addr))
3203 goto out;
3204 if (unlikely(addr > (unsigned long)high_memory - size))
3205 goto out;
3206 if (unlikely(addr & align_mask))
3207 goto out;
3208 if (unlikely(!kern_addr_valid(addr)))
3209 goto out;
3210 if (unlikely(!kern_addr_valid(addr + size - 1)))
3211 goto out;
3212 page = virt_to_page(ptr);
3213 if (unlikely(!PageSlab(page)))
3214 goto out;
3215 if (unlikely(page_get_cache(page) != cachep))
3216 goto out;
3217 return 1;
3218 out:
3219 return 0;
3222 #ifdef CONFIG_NUMA
3224 * kmem_cache_alloc_node - Allocate an object on the specified node
3225 * @cachep: The cache to allocate from.
3226 * @flags: See kmalloc().
3227 * @nodeid: node number of the target node.
3229 * Identical to kmem_cache_alloc, except that this function is slow
3230 * and can sleep. And it will allocate memory on the given node, which
3231 * can improve the performance for cpu bound structures.
3232 * New and improved: it will now make sure that the object gets
3233 * put on the correct node list so that there is no false sharing.
3235 void *kmem_cache_alloc_node(struct kmem_cache *cachep, gfp_t flags, int nodeid)
3237 unsigned long save_flags;
3238 void *ptr;
3240 cache_alloc_debugcheck_before(cachep, flags);
3241 local_irq_save(save_flags);
3243 if (nodeid == -1 || nodeid == numa_node_id() ||
3244 !cachep->nodelists[nodeid])
3245 ptr = ____cache_alloc(cachep, flags);
3246 else
3247 ptr = __cache_alloc_node(cachep, flags, nodeid);
3248 local_irq_restore(save_flags);
3250 ptr = cache_alloc_debugcheck_after(cachep, flags, ptr,
3251 __builtin_return_address(0));
3253 return ptr;
3255 EXPORT_SYMBOL(kmem_cache_alloc_node);
3257 void *kmalloc_node(size_t size, gfp_t flags, int node)
3259 struct kmem_cache *cachep;
3261 cachep = kmem_find_general_cachep(size, flags);
3262 if (unlikely(cachep == NULL))
3263 return NULL;
3264 return kmem_cache_alloc_node(cachep, flags, node);
3266 EXPORT_SYMBOL(kmalloc_node);
3267 #endif
3270 * __do_kmalloc - allocate memory
3271 * @size: how many bytes of memory are required.
3272 * @flags: the type of memory to allocate (see kmalloc).
3273 * @caller: function caller for debug tracking of the caller
3275 static __always_inline void *__do_kmalloc(size_t size, gfp_t flags,
3276 void *caller)
3278 struct kmem_cache *cachep;
3280 /* If you want to save a few bytes .text space: replace
3281 * __ with kmem_.
3282 * Then kmalloc uses the uninlined functions instead of the inline
3283 * functions.
3285 cachep = __find_general_cachep(size, flags);
3286 if (unlikely(cachep == NULL))
3287 return NULL;
3288 return __cache_alloc(cachep, flags, caller);
3292 void *__kmalloc(size_t size, gfp_t flags)
3294 #ifndef CONFIG_DEBUG_SLAB
3295 return __do_kmalloc(size, flags, NULL);
3296 #else
3297 return __do_kmalloc(size, flags, __builtin_return_address(0));
3298 #endif
3300 EXPORT_SYMBOL(__kmalloc);
3302 #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_SLAB
3303 void *__kmalloc_track_caller(size_t size, gfp_t flags, void *caller)
3305 return __do_kmalloc(size, flags, caller);
3307 EXPORT_SYMBOL(__kmalloc_track_caller);
3308 #endif
3310 #ifdef CONFIG_SMP
3312 * __alloc_percpu - allocate one copy of the object for every present
3313 * cpu in the system, zeroing them.
3314 * Objects should be dereferenced using the per_cpu_ptr macro only.
3316 * @size: how many bytes of memory are required.
3318 void *__alloc_percpu(size_t size)
3320 int i;
3321 struct percpu_data *pdata = kmalloc(sizeof(*pdata), GFP_KERNEL);
3323 if (!pdata)
3324 return NULL;
3327 * Cannot use for_each_online_cpu since a cpu may come online
3328 * and we have no way of figuring out how to fix the array
3329 * that we have allocated then....
3331 for_each_possible_cpu(i) {
3332 int node = cpu_to_node(i);
3334 if (node_online(node))
3335 pdata->ptrs[i] = kmalloc_node(size, GFP_KERNEL, node);
3336 else
3337 pdata->ptrs[i] = kmalloc(size, GFP_KERNEL);
3339 if (!pdata->ptrs[i])
3340 goto unwind_oom;
3341 memset(pdata->ptrs[i], 0, size);
3344 /* Catch derefs w/o wrappers */
3345 return (void *)(~(unsigned long)pdata);
3347 unwind_oom:
3348 while (--i >= 0) {
3349 if (!cpu_possible(i))
3350 continue;
3351 kfree(pdata->ptrs[i]);
3353 kfree(pdata);
3354 return NULL;
3356 EXPORT_SYMBOL(__alloc_percpu);
3357 #endif
3360 * kmem_cache_free - Deallocate an object
3361 * @cachep: The cache the allocation was from.
3362 * @objp: The previously allocated object.
3364 * Free an object which was previously allocated from this
3365 * cache.
3367 void kmem_cache_free(struct kmem_cache *cachep, void *objp)
3369 unsigned long flags;
3371 BUG_ON(virt_to_cache(objp) != cachep);
3373 local_irq_save(flags);
3374 __cache_free(cachep, objp);
3375 local_irq_restore(flags);
3377 EXPORT_SYMBOL(kmem_cache_free);
3380 * kfree - free previously allocated memory
3381 * @objp: pointer returned by kmalloc.
3383 * If @objp is NULL, no operation is performed.
3385 * Don't free memory not originally allocated by kmalloc()
3386 * or you will run into trouble.
3388 void kfree(const void *objp)
3390 struct kmem_cache *c;
3391 unsigned long flags;
3393 if (unlikely(!objp))
3394 return;
3395 local_irq_save(flags);
3396 kfree_debugcheck(objp);
3397 c = virt_to_cache(objp);
3398 mutex_debug_check_no_locks_freed(objp, obj_size(c));
3399 __cache_free(c, (void *)objp);
3400 local_irq_restore(flags);
3402 EXPORT_SYMBOL(kfree);
3404 #ifdef CONFIG_SMP
3406 * free_percpu - free previously allocated percpu memory
3407 * @objp: pointer returned by alloc_percpu.
3409 * Don't free memory not originally allocated by alloc_percpu()
3410 * The complemented objp is to check for that.
3412 void free_percpu(const void *objp)
3414 int i;
3415 struct percpu_data *p = (struct percpu_data *)(~(unsigned long)objp);
3418 * We allocate for all cpus so we cannot use for online cpu here.
3420 for_each_possible_cpu(i)
3421 kfree(p->ptrs[i]);
3422 kfree(p);
3424 EXPORT_SYMBOL(free_percpu);
3425 #endif
3427 unsigned int kmem_cache_size(struct kmem_cache *cachep)
3429 return obj_size(cachep);
3431 EXPORT_SYMBOL(kmem_cache_size);
3433 const char *kmem_cache_name(struct kmem_cache *cachep)
3435 return cachep->name;
3437 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(kmem_cache_name);
3440 * This initializes kmem_list3 or resizes varioius caches for all nodes.
3442 static int alloc_kmemlist(struct kmem_cache *cachep)
3444 int node;
3445 struct kmem_list3 *l3;
3446 struct array_cache *new_shared;
3447 struct array_cache **new_alien;
3449 for_each_online_node(node) {
3451 new_alien = alloc_alien_cache(node, cachep->limit);
3452 if (!new_alien)
3453 goto fail;
3455 new_shared = alloc_arraycache(node,
3456 cachep->shared*cachep->batchcount,
3457 0xbaadf00d);
3458 if (!new_shared) {
3459 free_alien_cache(new_alien);
3460 goto fail;
3463 l3 = cachep->nodelists[node];
3464 if (l3) {
3465 struct array_cache *shared = l3->shared;
3467 spin_lock_irq(&l3->list_lock);
3469 if (shared)
3470 free_block(cachep, shared->entry,
3471 shared->avail, node);
3473 l3->shared = new_shared;
3474 if (!l3->alien) {
3475 l3->alien = new_alien;
3476 new_alien = NULL;
3478 l3->free_limit = (1 + nr_cpus_node(node)) *
3479 cachep->batchcount + cachep->num;
3480 spin_unlock_irq(&l3->list_lock);
3481 kfree(shared);
3482 free_alien_cache(new_alien);
3483 continue;
3485 l3 = kmalloc_node(sizeof(struct kmem_list3), GFP_KERNEL, node);
3486 if (!l3) {
3487 free_alien_cache(new_alien);
3488 kfree(new_shared);
3489 goto fail;
3492 kmem_list3_init(l3);
3493 l3->next_reap = jiffies + REAPTIMEOUT_LIST3 +
3494 ((unsigned long)cachep) % REAPTIMEOUT_LIST3;
3495 l3->shared = new_shared;
3496 l3->alien = new_alien;
3497 l3->free_limit = (1 + nr_cpus_node(node)) *
3498 cachep->batchcount + cachep->num;
3499 cachep->nodelists[node] = l3;
3501 return 0;
3503 fail:
3504 if (!cachep->next.next) {
3505 /* Cache is not active yet. Roll back what we did */
3506 node--;
3507 while (node >= 0) {
3508 if (cachep->nodelists[node]) {
3509 l3 = cachep->nodelists[node];
3511 kfree(l3->shared);
3512 free_alien_cache(l3->alien);
3513 kfree(l3);
3514 cachep->nodelists[node] = NULL;
3516 node--;
3519 return -ENOMEM;
3522 struct ccupdate_struct {
3523 struct kmem_cache *cachep;
3524 struct array_cache *new[NR_CPUS];
3527 static void do_ccupdate_local(void *info)
3529 struct ccupdate_struct *new = info;
3530 struct array_cache *old;
3532 check_irq_off();
3533 old = cpu_cache_get(new->cachep);
3535 new->cachep->array[smp_processor_id()] = new->new[smp_processor_id()];
3536 new->new[smp_processor_id()] = old;
3539 /* Always called with the cache_chain_mutex held */
3540 static int do_tune_cpucache(struct kmem_cache *cachep, int limit,
3541 int batchcount, int shared)
3543 struct ccupdate_struct new;
3544 int i, err;
3546 memset(&new.new, 0, sizeof(new.new));
3547 for_each_online_cpu(i) {
3548 new.new[i] = alloc_arraycache(cpu_to_node(i), limit,
3549 batchcount);
3550 if (!new.new[i]) {
3551 for (i--; i >= 0; i--)
3552 kfree(new.new[i]);
3553 return -ENOMEM;
3556 new.cachep = cachep;
3558 on_each_cpu(do_ccupdate_local, (void *)&new, 1, 1);
3560 check_irq_on();
3561 cachep->batchcount = batchcount;
3562 cachep->limit = limit;
3563 cachep->shared = shared;
3565 for_each_online_cpu(i) {
3566 struct array_cache *ccold = new.new[i];
3567 if (!ccold)
3568 continue;
3569 spin_lock_irq(&cachep->nodelists[cpu_to_node(i)]->list_lock);
3570 free_block(cachep, ccold->entry, ccold->avail, cpu_to_node(i));
3571 spin_unlock_irq(&cachep->nodelists[cpu_to_node(i)]->list_lock);
3572 kfree(ccold);
3575 err = alloc_kmemlist(cachep);
3576 if (err) {
3577 printk(KERN_ERR "alloc_kmemlist failed for %s, error %d.\n",
3578 cachep->name, -err);
3579 BUG();
3581 return 0;
3584 /* Called with cache_chain_mutex held always */
3585 static void enable_cpucache(struct kmem_cache *cachep)
3587 int err;
3588 int limit, shared;
3591 * The head array serves three purposes:
3592 * - create a LIFO ordering, i.e. return objects that are cache-warm
3593 * - reduce the number of spinlock operations.
3594 * - reduce the number of linked list operations on the slab and
3595 * bufctl chains: array operations are cheaper.
3596 * The numbers are guessed, we should auto-tune as described by
3597 * Bonwick.
3599 if (cachep->buffer_size > 131072)
3600 limit = 1;
3601 else if (cachep->buffer_size > PAGE_SIZE)
3602 limit = 8;
3603 else if (cachep->buffer_size > 1024)
3604 limit = 24;
3605 else if (cachep->buffer_size > 256)
3606 limit = 54;
3607 else
3608 limit = 120;
3611 * CPU bound tasks (e.g. network routing) can exhibit cpu bound
3612 * allocation behaviour: Most allocs on one cpu, most free operations
3613 * on another cpu. For these cases, an efficient object passing between
3614 * cpus is necessary. This is provided by a shared array. The array
3615 * replaces Bonwick's magazine layer.
3616 * On uniprocessor, it's functionally equivalent (but less efficient)
3617 * to a larger limit. Thus disabled by default.
3619 shared = 0;
3620 #ifdef CONFIG_SMP
3621 if (cachep->buffer_size <= PAGE_SIZE)
3622 shared = 8;
3623 #endif
3625 #if DEBUG
3627 * With debugging enabled, large batchcount lead to excessively long
3628 * periods with disabled local interrupts. Limit the batchcount
3630 if (limit > 32)
3631 limit = 32;
3632 #endif
3633 err = do_tune_cpucache(cachep, limit, (limit + 1) / 2, shared);
3634 if (err)
3635 printk(KERN_ERR "enable_cpucache failed for %s, error %d.\n",
3636 cachep->name, -err);
3640 * Drain an array if it contains any elements taking the l3 lock only if
3641 * necessary. Note that the l3 listlock also protects the array_cache
3642 * if drain_array() is used on the shared array.
3644 void drain_array(struct kmem_cache *cachep, struct kmem_list3 *l3,
3645 struct array_cache *ac, int force, int node)
3647 int tofree;
3649 if (!ac || !ac->avail)
3650 return;
3651 if (ac->touched && !force) {
3652 ac->touched = 0;
3653 } else {
3654 spin_lock_irq(&l3->list_lock);
3655 if (ac->avail) {
3656 tofree = force ? ac->avail : (ac->limit + 4) / 5;
3657 if (tofree > ac->avail)
3658 tofree = (ac->avail + 1) / 2;
3659 free_block(cachep, ac->entry, tofree, node);
3660 ac->avail -= tofree;
3661 memmove(ac->entry, &(ac->entry[tofree]),
3662 sizeof(void *) * ac->avail);
3664 spin_unlock_irq(&l3->list_lock);
3669 * cache_reap - Reclaim memory from caches.
3670 * @unused: unused parameter
3672 * Called from workqueue/eventd every few seconds.
3673 * Purpose:
3674 * - clear the per-cpu caches for this CPU.
3675 * - return freeable pages to the main free memory pool.
3677 * If we cannot acquire the cache chain mutex then just give up - we'll try
3678 * again on the next iteration.
3680 static void cache_reap(void *unused)
3682 struct kmem_cache *searchp;
3683 struct kmem_list3 *l3;
3684 int node = numa_node_id();
3686 if (!mutex_trylock(&cache_chain_mutex)) {
3687 /* Give up. Setup the next iteration. */
3688 schedule_delayed_work(&__get_cpu_var(reap_work),
3689 REAPTIMEOUT_CPUC);
3690 return;
3693 list_for_each_entry(searchp, &cache_chain, next) {
3694 struct list_head *p;
3695 int tofree;
3696 struct slab *slabp;
3698 check_irq_on();
3701 * We only take the l3 lock if absolutely necessary and we
3702 * have established with reasonable certainty that
3703 * we can do some work if the lock was obtained.
3705 l3 = searchp->nodelists[node];
3707 reap_alien(searchp, l3);
3709 drain_array(searchp, l3, cpu_cache_get(searchp), 0, node);
3712 * These are racy checks but it does not matter
3713 * if we skip one check or scan twice.
3715 if (time_after(l3->next_reap, jiffies))
3716 goto next;
3718 l3->next_reap = jiffies + REAPTIMEOUT_LIST3;
3720 drain_array(searchp, l3, l3->shared, 0, node);
3722 if (l3->free_touched) {
3723 l3->free_touched = 0;
3724 goto next;
3727 tofree = (l3->free_limit + 5 * searchp->num - 1) /
3728 (5 * searchp->num);
3729 do {
3731 * Do not lock if there are no free blocks.
3733 if (list_empty(&l3->slabs_free))
3734 break;
3736 spin_lock_irq(&l3->list_lock);
3737 p = l3->slabs_free.next;
3738 if (p == &(l3->slabs_free)) {
3739 spin_unlock_irq(&l3->list_lock);
3740 break;
3743 slabp = list_entry(p, struct slab, list);
3744 BUG_ON(slabp->inuse);
3745 list_del(&slabp->list);
3746 STATS_INC_REAPED(searchp);
3749 * Safe to drop the lock. The slab is no longer linked
3750 * to the cache. searchp cannot disappear, we hold
3751 * cache_chain_lock
3753 l3->free_objects -= searchp->num;
3754 spin_unlock_irq(&l3->list_lock);
3755 slab_destroy(searchp, slabp);
3756 } while (--tofree > 0);
3757 next:
3758 cond_resched();
3760 check_irq_on();
3761 mutex_unlock(&cache_chain_mutex);
3762 next_reap_node();
3763 /* Set up the next iteration */
3764 schedule_delayed_work(&__get_cpu_var(reap_work), REAPTIMEOUT_CPUC);
3767 #ifdef CONFIG_PROC_FS
3769 static void print_slabinfo_header(struct seq_file *m)
3772 * Output format version, so at least we can change it
3773 * without _too_ many complaints.
3775 #if STATS
3776 seq_puts(m, "slabinfo - version: 2.1 (statistics)\n");
3777 #else
3778 seq_puts(m, "slabinfo - version: 2.1\n");
3779 #endif
3780 seq_puts(m, "# name <active_objs> <num_objs> <objsize> "
3781 "<objperslab> <pagesperslab>");
3782 seq_puts(m, " : tunables <limit> <batchcount> <sharedfactor>");
3783 seq_puts(m, " : slabdata <active_slabs> <num_slabs> <sharedavail>");
3784 #if STATS
3785 seq_puts(m, " : globalstat <listallocs> <maxobjs> <grown> <reaped> "
3786 "<error> <maxfreeable> <nodeallocs> <remotefrees> <alienoverflow>");
3787 seq_puts(m, " : cpustat <allochit> <allocmiss> <freehit> <freemiss>");
3788 #endif
3789 seq_putc(m, '\n');
3792 static void *s_start(struct seq_file *m, loff_t *pos)
3794 loff_t n = *pos;
3795 struct list_head *p;
3797 mutex_lock(&cache_chain_mutex);
3798 if (!n)
3799 print_slabinfo_header(m);
3800 p = cache_chain.next;
3801 while (n--) {
3802 p = p->next;
3803 if (p == &cache_chain)
3804 return NULL;
3806 return list_entry(p, struct kmem_cache, next);
3809 static void *s_next(struct seq_file *m, void *p, loff_t *pos)
3811 struct kmem_cache *cachep = p;
3812 ++*pos;
3813 return cachep->next.next == &cache_chain ?
3814 NULL : list_entry(cachep->next.next, struct kmem_cache, next);
3817 static void s_stop(struct seq_file *m, void *p)
3819 mutex_unlock(&cache_chain_mutex);
3822 static int s_show(struct seq_file *m, void *p)
3824 struct kmem_cache *cachep = p;
3825 struct slab *slabp;
3826 unsigned long active_objs;
3827 unsigned long num_objs;
3828 unsigned long active_slabs = 0;
3829 unsigned long num_slabs, free_objects = 0, shared_avail = 0;
3830 const char *name;
3831 char *error = NULL;
3832 int node;
3833 struct kmem_list3 *l3;
3835 active_objs = 0;
3836 num_slabs = 0;
3837 for_each_online_node(node) {
3838 l3 = cachep->nodelists[node];
3839 if (!l3)
3840 continue;
3842 check_irq_on();
3843 spin_lock_irq(&l3->list_lock);
3845 list_for_each_entry(slabp, &l3->slabs_full, list) {
3846 if (slabp->inuse != cachep->num && !error)
3847 error = "slabs_full accounting error";
3848 active_objs += cachep->num;
3849 active_slabs++;
3851 list_for_each_entry(slabp, &l3->slabs_partial, list) {
3852 if (slabp->inuse == cachep->num && !error)
3853 error = "slabs_partial inuse accounting error";
3854 if (!slabp->inuse && !error)
3855 error = "slabs_partial/inuse accounting error";
3856 active_objs += slabp->inuse;
3857 active_slabs++;
3859 list_for_each_entry(slabp, &l3->slabs_free, list) {
3860 if (slabp->inuse && !error)
3861 error = "slabs_free/inuse accounting error";
3862 num_slabs++;
3864 free_objects += l3->free_objects;
3865 if (l3->shared)
3866 shared_avail += l3->shared->avail;
3868 spin_unlock_irq(&l3->list_lock);
3870 num_slabs += active_slabs;
3871 num_objs = num_slabs * cachep->num;
3872 if (num_objs - active_objs != free_objects && !error)
3873 error = "free_objects accounting error";
3875 name = cachep->name;
3876 if (error)
3877 printk(KERN_ERR "slab: cache %s error: %s\n", name, error);
3879 seq_printf(m, "%-17s %6lu %6lu %6u %4u %4d",
3880 name, active_objs, num_objs, cachep->buffer_size,
3881 cachep->num, (1 << cachep->gfporder));
3882 seq_printf(m, " : tunables %4u %4u %4u",
3883 cachep->limit, cachep->batchcount, cachep->shared);
3884 seq_printf(m, " : slabdata %6lu %6lu %6lu",
3885 active_slabs, num_slabs, shared_avail);
3886 #if STATS
3887 { /* list3 stats */
3888 unsigned long high = cachep->high_mark;
3889 unsigned long allocs = cachep->num_allocations;
3890 unsigned long grown = cachep->grown;
3891 unsigned long reaped = cachep->reaped;
3892 unsigned long errors = cachep->errors;
3893 unsigned long max_freeable = cachep->max_freeable;
3894 unsigned long node_allocs = cachep->node_allocs;
3895 unsigned long node_frees = cachep->node_frees;
3896 unsigned long overflows = cachep->node_overflow;
3898 seq_printf(m, " : globalstat %7lu %6lu %5lu %4lu \
3899 %4lu %4lu %4lu %4lu %4lu", allocs, high, grown,
3900 reaped, errors, max_freeable, node_allocs,
3901 node_frees, overflows);
3903 /* cpu stats */
3905 unsigned long allochit = atomic_read(&cachep->allochit);
3906 unsigned long allocmiss = atomic_read(&cachep->allocmiss);
3907 unsigned long freehit = atomic_read(&cachep->freehit);
3908 unsigned long freemiss = atomic_read(&cachep->freemiss);
3910 seq_printf(m, " : cpustat %6lu %6lu %6lu %6lu",
3911 allochit, allocmiss, freehit, freemiss);
3913 #endif
3914 seq_putc(m, '\n');
3915 return 0;
3919 * slabinfo_op - iterator that generates /proc/slabinfo
3921 * Output layout:
3922 * cache-name
3923 * num-active-objs
3924 * total-objs
3925 * object size
3926 * num-active-slabs
3927 * total-slabs
3928 * num-pages-per-slab
3929 * + further values on SMP and with statistics enabled
3932 struct seq_operations slabinfo_op = {
3933 .start = s_start,
3934 .next = s_next,
3935 .stop = s_stop,
3936 .show = s_show,
3939 #define MAX_SLABINFO_WRITE 128
3941 * slabinfo_write - Tuning for the slab allocator
3942 * @file: unused
3943 * @buffer: user buffer
3944 * @count: data length
3945 * @ppos: unused
3947 ssize_t slabinfo_write(struct file *file, const char __user * buffer,
3948 size_t count, loff_t *ppos)
3950 char kbuf[MAX_SLABINFO_WRITE + 1], *tmp;
3951 int limit, batchcount, shared, res;
3952 struct kmem_cache *cachep;
3954 if (count > MAX_SLABINFO_WRITE)
3955 return -EINVAL;
3956 if (copy_from_user(&kbuf, buffer, count))
3957 return -EFAULT;
3958 kbuf[MAX_SLABINFO_WRITE] = '\0';
3960 tmp = strchr(kbuf, ' ');
3961 if (!tmp)
3962 return -EINVAL;
3963 *tmp = '\0';
3964 tmp++;
3965 if (sscanf(tmp, " %d %d %d", &limit, &batchcount, &shared) != 3)
3966 return -EINVAL;
3968 /* Find the cache in the chain of caches. */
3969 mutex_lock(&cache_chain_mutex);
3970 res = -EINVAL;
3971 list_for_each_entry(cachep, &cache_chain, next) {
3972 if (!strcmp(cachep->name, kbuf)) {
3973 if (limit < 1 || batchcount < 1 ||
3974 batchcount > limit || shared < 0) {
3975 res = 0;
3976 } else {
3977 res = do_tune_cpucache(cachep, limit,
3978 batchcount, shared);
3980 break;
3983 mutex_unlock(&cache_chain_mutex);
3984 if (res >= 0)
3985 res = count;
3986 return res;
3989 #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_SLAB_LEAK
3991 static void *leaks_start(struct seq_file *m, loff_t *pos)
3993 loff_t n = *pos;
3994 struct list_head *p;
3996 mutex_lock(&cache_chain_mutex);
3997 p = cache_chain.next;
3998 while (n--) {
3999 p = p->next;
4000 if (p == &cache_chain)
4001 return NULL;
4003 return list_entry(p, struct kmem_cache, next);
4006 static inline int add_caller(unsigned long *n, unsigned long v)
4008 unsigned long *p;
4009 int l;
4010 if (!v)
4011 return 1;
4012 l = n[1];
4013 p = n + 2;
4014 while (l) {
4015 int i = l/2;
4016 unsigned long *q = p + 2 * i;
4017 if (*q == v) {
4018 q[1]++;
4019 return 1;
4021 if (*q > v) {
4022 l = i;
4023 } else {
4024 p = q + 2;
4025 l -= i + 1;
4028 if (++n[1] == n[0])
4029 return 0;
4030 memmove(p + 2, p, n[1] * 2 * sizeof(unsigned long) - ((void *)p - (void *)n));
4031 p[0] = v;
4032 p[1] = 1;
4033 return 1;
4036 static void handle_slab(unsigned long *n, struct kmem_cache *c, struct slab *s)
4038 void *p;
4039 int i;
4040 if (n[0] == n[1])
4041 return;
4042 for (i = 0, p = s->s_mem; i < c->num; i++, p += c->buffer_size) {
4043 if (slab_bufctl(s)[i] != BUFCTL_ACTIVE)
4044 continue;
4045 if (!add_caller(n, (unsigned long)*dbg_userword(c, p)))
4046 return;
4050 static void show_symbol(struct seq_file *m, unsigned long address)
4052 #ifdef CONFIG_KALLSYMS
4053 char *modname;
4054 const char *name;
4055 unsigned long offset, size;
4056 char namebuf[KSYM_NAME_LEN+1];
4058 name = kallsyms_lookup(address, &size, &offset, &modname, namebuf);
4060 if (name) {
4061 seq_printf(m, "%s+%#lx/%#lx", name, offset, size);
4062 if (modname)
4063 seq_printf(m, " [%s]", modname);
4064 return;
4066 #endif
4067 seq_printf(m, "%p", (void *)address);
4070 static int leaks_show(struct seq_file *m, void *p)
4072 struct kmem_cache *cachep = p;
4073 struct slab *slabp;
4074 struct kmem_list3 *l3;
4075 const char *name;
4076 unsigned long *n = m->private;
4077 int node;
4078 int i;
4080 if (!(cachep->flags & SLAB_STORE_USER))
4081 return 0;
4082 if (!(cachep->flags & SLAB_RED_ZONE))
4083 return 0;
4085 /* OK, we can do it */
4087 n[1] = 0;
4089 for_each_online_node(node) {
4090 l3 = cachep->nodelists[node];
4091 if (!l3)
4092 continue;
4094 check_irq_on();
4095 spin_lock_irq(&l3->list_lock);
4097 list_for_each_entry(slabp, &l3->slabs_full, list)
4098 handle_slab(n, cachep, slabp);
4099 list_for_each_entry(slabp, &l3->slabs_partial, list)
4100 handle_slab(n, cachep, slabp);
4101 spin_unlock_irq(&l3->list_lock);
4103 name = cachep->name;
4104 if (n[0] == n[1]) {
4105 /* Increase the buffer size */
4106 mutex_unlock(&cache_chain_mutex);
4107 m->private = kzalloc(n[0] * 4 * sizeof(unsigned long), GFP_KERNEL);
4108 if (!m->private) {
4109 /* Too bad, we are really out */
4110 m->private = n;
4111 mutex_lock(&cache_chain_mutex);
4112 return -ENOMEM;
4114 *(unsigned long *)m->private = n[0] * 2;
4115 kfree(n);
4116 mutex_lock(&cache_chain_mutex);
4117 /* Now make sure this entry will be retried */
4118 m->count = m->size;
4119 return 0;
4121 for (i = 0; i < n[1]; i++) {
4122 seq_printf(m, "%s: %lu ", name, n[2*i+3]);
4123 show_symbol(m, n[2*i+2]);
4124 seq_putc(m, '\n');
4126 return 0;
4129 struct seq_operations slabstats_op = {
4130 .start = leaks_start,
4131 .next = s_next,
4132 .stop = s_stop,
4133 .show = leaks_show,
4135 #endif
4136 #endif
4139 * ksize - get the actual amount of memory allocated for a given object
4140 * @objp: Pointer to the object
4142 * kmalloc may internally round up allocations and return more memory
4143 * than requested. ksize() can be used to determine the actual amount of
4144 * memory allocated. The caller may use this additional memory, even though
4145 * a smaller amount of memory was initially specified with the kmalloc call.
4146 * The caller must guarantee that objp points to a valid object previously
4147 * allocated with either kmalloc() or kmem_cache_alloc(). The object
4148 * must not be freed during the duration of the call.
4150 unsigned int ksize(const void *objp)
4152 if (unlikely(objp == NULL))
4153 return 0;
4155 return obj_size(virt_to_cache(objp));