dccp tfrc/ccid-3: Computing Loss Rate from Loss Event Rate

[linux-2.6/x86.git] / net / dccp / ccids / ccid3.c

/*
 *  net/dccp/ccids/ccid3.c
 *
 *  Copyright (c) 2007   The University of Aberdeen, Scotland, UK
 *  Copyright (c) 2005-7 The University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand.
 *  Copyright (c) 2005-7 Ian McDonald <ian.mcdonald@jandi.co.nz>
 *
 *  An implementation of the DCCP protocol
 *
 *  This code has been developed by the University of Waikato WAND
 *  research group. For further information please see http://www.wand.net.nz/
 *
 *  This code also uses code from Lulea University, rereleased as GPL by its
 *  authors:
 *  Copyright (c) 2003 Nils-Erik Mattsson, Joacim Haggmark, Magnus Erixzon
 *
 *  Changes to meet Linux coding standards, to make it meet latest ccid3 draft
 *  and to make it work as a loadable module in the DCCP stack written by
 *  Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@conectiva.com.br>.
 *
 *  Copyright (c) 2005 Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@conectiva.com.br>
 *
 *  This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
 *  it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
 *  the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
 *  (at your option) any later version.
 *
 *  This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 *  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 *  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 *  GNU General Public License for more details.
 *
 *  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 *  along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
 *  Foundation, Inc., 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
 */
#include "../dccp.h"
#include "ccid3.h"

#include <asm/unaligned.h>

#ifdef CONFIG_IP_DCCP_CCID3_DEBUG
static int ccid3_debug;
#define ccid3_pr_debug(format, a...)    DCCP_PR_DEBUG(ccid3_debug, format, ##a)
#else
#define ccid3_pr_debug(format, a...)
#endif

/*
 *      Transmitter Half-Connection Routines
 */
#ifdef CONFIG_IP_DCCP_CCID3_DEBUG
static const char *ccid3_tx_state_name(enum ccid3_hc_tx_states state)
{
        static char *ccid3_state_names[] = {
        [TFRC_SSTATE_NO_SENT]  = "NO_SENT",
        [TFRC_SSTATE_NO_FBACK] = "NO_FBACK",
        [TFRC_SSTATE_FBACK]    = "FBACK",
        [TFRC_SSTATE_TERM]     = "TERM",
        };

        return ccid3_state_names[state];
}
#endif

static void ccid3_hc_tx_set_state(struct sock *sk,
                                  enum ccid3_hc_tx_states state)
{
        struct ccid3_hc_tx_sock *hctx = ccid3_hc_tx_sk(sk);
        enum ccid3_hc_tx_states oldstate = hctx->state;

        ccid3_pr_debug("%s(%p) %-8.8s -> %s\n",
                       dccp_role(sk), sk, ccid3_tx_state_name(oldstate),
                       ccid3_tx_state_name(state));
        WARN_ON(state == oldstate);
        hctx->state = state;
}

/*
 * Compute the initial sending rate X_init in the manner of RFC 3390:
 *
 *      X_init  =  min(4 * s, max(2 * s, 4380 bytes)) / RTT
 *
 * Note that RFC 3390 uses MSS, RFC 4342 refers to RFC 3390, and rfc3448bis
 * (rev-02) clarifies the use of RFC 3390 with regard to the above formula.
 * For consistency with other parts of the code, X_init is scaled by 2^6.
 */
static inline u64 rfc3390_initial_rate(struct sock *sk)
{
        const struct ccid3_hc_tx_sock *hctx = ccid3_hc_tx_sk(sk);
        const __u32 w_init = clamp_t(__u32, 4380U, 2 * hctx->s, 4 * hctx->s);

        return scaled_div(w_init << 6, hctx->rtt);
}

/**
 * ccid3_update_send_interval  -  Calculate new t_ipi = s / X_inst
 * This respects the granularity of X_inst (64 * bytes/second).
 */
static void ccid3_update_send_interval(struct ccid3_hc_tx_sock *hctx)
{
        hctx->t_ipi = scaled_div32(((u64)hctx->s) << 6, hctx->x);

        ccid3_pr_debug("t_ipi=%u, s=%u, X=%u\n", hctx->t_ipi,
                       hctx->s, (unsigned)(hctx->x >> 6));
}

static u32 ccid3_hc_tx_idle_rtt(struct ccid3_hc_tx_sock *hctx, ktime_t now)
{
        u32 delta = ktime_us_delta(now, hctx->t_last_win_count);

        return delta / hctx->rtt;
}

/**
 * ccid3_hc_tx_update_x  -  Update allowed sending rate X
 * @stamp: most recent time if available - can be left NULL.
 * This function tracks draft rfc3448bis, check there for latest details.
 *
 * Note: X and X_recv are both stored in units of 64 * bytes/second, to support
 *       fine-grained resolution of sending rates. This requires scaling by 2^6
 *       throughout the code. Only X_calc is unscaled (in bytes/second).
 *
 */
static void ccid3_hc_tx_update_x(struct sock *sk, ktime_t *stamp)
{
        struct ccid3_hc_tx_sock *hctx = ccid3_hc_tx_sk(sk);
        u64 min_rate = 2 * hctx->x_recv;
        const u64 old_x = hctx->x;
        ktime_t now = stamp ? *stamp : ktime_get_real();

        /*
         * Handle IDLE periods: do not reduce below RFC3390 initial sending rate
         * when idling [RFC 4342, 5.1]. Definition of idling is from rfc3448bis:
         * a sender is idle if it has not sent anything over a 2-RTT-period.
         * For consistency with X and X_recv, min_rate is also scaled by 2^6.
         */
        if (ccid3_hc_tx_idle_rtt(hctx, now) >= 2) {
                min_rate = rfc3390_initial_rate(sk);
                min_rate = max(min_rate, 2 * hctx->x_recv);
        }

        if (hctx->p > 0) {

                hctx->x = min(((u64)hctx->x_calc) << 6, min_rate);
                hctx->x = max(hctx->x, (((u64)hctx->s) << 6) / TFRC_T_MBI);

        } else if (ktime_us_delta(now, hctx->t_ld) - (s64)hctx->rtt >= 0) {

                hctx->x = min(2 * hctx->x, min_rate);
                hctx->x = max(hctx->x,
                              scaled_div(((u64)hctx->s) << 6, hctx->rtt));
                hctx->t_ld = now;
        }

        if (hctx->x != old_x) {
                ccid3_pr_debug("X_prev=%u, X_now=%u, X_calc=%u, "
                               "X_recv=%u\n", (unsigned)(old_x >> 6),
                               (unsigned)(hctx->x >> 6), hctx->x_calc,
                               (unsigned)(hctx->x_recv >> 6));

                ccid3_update_send_interval(hctx);
        }
}

/*
 *      Track the mean packet size `s' (cf. RFC 4342, 5.3 and  RFC 3448, 4.1)
 *      @len: DCCP packet payload size in bytes
 */
static inline void ccid3_hc_tx_update_s(struct ccid3_hc_tx_sock *hctx, int len)
{
        const u16 old_s = hctx->s;

        hctx->s = tfrc_ewma(hctx->s, len, 9);

        if (hctx->s != old_s)
                ccid3_update_send_interval(hctx);
}

/*
 *      Update Window Counter using the algorithm from [RFC 4342, 8.1].
 *      As elsewhere, RTT > 0 is assumed by using dccp_sample_rtt().
 */
static inline void ccid3_hc_tx_update_win_count(struct ccid3_hc_tx_sock *hctx,
                                                ktime_t now)
{
        u32 delta = ktime_us_delta(now, hctx->t_last_win_count),
            quarter_rtts = (4 * delta) / hctx->rtt;

        if (quarter_rtts > 0) {
                hctx->t_last_win_count = now;
                hctx->last_win_count  += min(quarter_rtts, 5U);
                hctx->last_win_count  &= 0xF;           /* mod 16 */
        }
}

static void ccid3_hc_tx_no_feedback_timer(unsigned long data)
{
        struct sock *sk = (struct sock *)data;
        struct ccid3_hc_tx_sock *hctx = ccid3_hc_tx_sk(sk);
        unsigned long t_nfb = USEC_PER_SEC / 5;

        bh_lock_sock(sk);
        if (sock_owned_by_user(sk)) {
                /* Try again later. */
                /* XXX: set some sensible MIB */
                goto restart_timer;
        }

        ccid3_pr_debug("%s(%p, state=%s) - entry \n", dccp_role(sk), sk,
                       ccid3_tx_state_name(hctx->state));

        if (hctx->state == TFRC_SSTATE_FBACK)
                ccid3_hc_tx_set_state(sk, TFRC_SSTATE_NO_FBACK);
        else if (hctx->state != TFRC_SSTATE_NO_FBACK)
                goto out;

        /*
         * Determine new allowed sending rate X as per draft rfc3448bis-00, 4.4
         * RTO is 0 if and only if no feedback has been received yet.
         */
        if (hctx->t_rto == 0 || hctx->p == 0) {

                /* halve send rate directly */
                hctx->x = max(hctx->x / 2, (((u64)hctx->s) << 6) / TFRC_T_MBI);
                ccid3_update_send_interval(hctx);
        } else {
                /*
                 *  Modify the cached value of X_recv
                 *
                 *  If (X_calc > 2 * X_recv)
                 *    X_recv = max(X_recv / 2, s / (2 * t_mbi));
                 *  Else
                 *    X_recv = X_calc / 4;
                 *
                 *  Note that X_recv is scaled by 2^6 while X_calc is not
                 */
                BUG_ON(hctx->p && !hctx->x_calc);

                if (hctx->x_calc > (hctx->x_recv >> 5))
                        hctx->x_recv =
                                max(hctx->x_recv / 2,
                                    (((__u64)hctx->s) << 6) / (2 * TFRC_T_MBI));
                else {
                        hctx->x_recv = hctx->x_calc;
                        hctx->x_recv <<= 4;
                }
                ccid3_hc_tx_update_x(sk, NULL);
        }
        ccid3_pr_debug("Reduced X to %llu/64 bytes/sec\n",
                        (unsigned long long)hctx->x);

        /*
         * Set new timeout for the nofeedback timer.
         * See comments in packet_recv() regarding the value of t_RTO.
         */
        if (unlikely(hctx->t_rto == 0))         /* no feedback received yet */
                t_nfb = TFRC_INITIAL_TIMEOUT;
        else
                t_nfb = max(hctx->t_rto, 2 * hctx->t_ipi);

restart_timer:
        sk_reset_timer(sk, &hctx->no_feedback_timer,
                           jiffies + usecs_to_jiffies(t_nfb));
out:
        bh_unlock_sock(sk);
        sock_put(sk);
}

/*
 * returns
 *   > 0: delay (in msecs) that should pass before actually sending
 *   = 0: can send immediately
 *   < 0: error condition; do not send packet
 */
static int ccid3_hc_tx_send_packet(struct sock *sk, struct sk_buff *skb)
{
        struct dccp_sock *dp = dccp_sk(sk);
        struct ccid3_hc_tx_sock *hctx = ccid3_hc_tx_sk(sk);
        ktime_t now = ktime_get_real();
        s64 delay;

        /*
         * This function is called only for Data and DataAck packets. Sending
         * zero-sized Data(Ack)s is theoretically possible, but for congestion
         * control this case is pathological - ignore it.
         */
        if (unlikely(skb->len == 0))
                return -EBADMSG;

        switch (hctx->state) {
        case TFRC_SSTATE_NO_SENT:
                sk_reset_timer(sk, &hctx->no_feedback_timer, (jiffies +
                                usecs_to_jiffies(TFRC_INITIAL_TIMEOUT)));
                hctx->last_win_count   = 0;
                hctx->t_last_win_count = now;

                /* Set t_0 for initial packet */
                hctx->t_nom = now;

                hctx->s = skb->len;

                /*
                 * Use initial RTT sample when available: recommended by erratum
                 * to RFC 4342. This implements the initialisation procedure of
                 * draft rfc3448bis, section 4.2. Remember, X is scaled by 2^6.
                 */
                if (dp->dccps_syn_rtt) {
                        ccid3_pr_debug("SYN RTT = %uus\n", dp->dccps_syn_rtt);
                        hctx->rtt  = dp->dccps_syn_rtt;
                        hctx->x    = rfc3390_initial_rate(sk);
                        hctx->t_ld = now;
                } else {
                        /*
                         * Sender does not have RTT sample:
                         * - set fallback RTT (RFC 4340, 3.4) since a RTT value
                         *   is needed in several parts (e.g.  window counter);
                         * - set sending rate X_pps = 1pps as per RFC 3448, 4.2.
                         */
                        hctx->rtt = DCCP_FALLBACK_RTT;
                        hctx->x   = hctx->s;
                        hctx->x <<= 6;
                }
                ccid3_update_send_interval(hctx);

                ccid3_hc_tx_set_state(sk, TFRC_SSTATE_NO_FBACK);
                break;
        case TFRC_SSTATE_NO_FBACK:
        case TFRC_SSTATE_FBACK:
                delay = ktime_us_delta(hctx->t_nom, now);
                ccid3_pr_debug("delay=%ld\n", (long)delay);
                /*
                 *      Scheduling of packet transmissions [RFC 3448, 4.6]
                 *
                 * if (t_now > t_nom - delta)
                 *       // send the packet now
                 * else
                 *       // send the packet in (t_nom - t_now) milliseconds.
                 */
                if (delay >= TFRC_T_DELTA)
                        return (u32)delay / USEC_PER_MSEC;

                ccid3_hc_tx_update_win_count(hctx, now);
                break;
        case TFRC_SSTATE_TERM:
                DCCP_BUG("%s(%p) - Illegal state TERM", dccp_role(sk), sk);
                return -EINVAL;
        }

        /* prepare to send now (add options etc.) */
        dp->dccps_hc_tx_insert_options = 1;
        DCCP_SKB_CB(skb)->dccpd_ccval  = hctx->last_win_count;

        /* set the nominal send time for the next following packet */
        hctx->t_nom = ktime_add_us(hctx->t_nom, hctx->t_ipi);
        return 0;
}

static void ccid3_hc_tx_packet_sent(struct sock *sk, int more,
                                    unsigned int len)
{
        struct ccid3_hc_tx_sock *hctx = ccid3_hc_tx_sk(sk);

        ccid3_hc_tx_update_s(hctx, len);

        if (tfrc_tx_hist_add(&hctx->hist, dccp_sk(sk)->dccps_gss))
                DCCP_CRIT("packet history - out of memory!");
}

static void ccid3_hc_tx_packet_recv(struct sock *sk, struct sk_buff *skb)
{
        struct ccid3_hc_tx_sock *hctx = ccid3_hc_tx_sk(sk);
        struct ccid3_options_received *opt_recv = &hctx->options_received;
        struct tfrc_tx_hist_entry *acked;
        ktime_t now;
        unsigned long t_nfb;
        u32 pinv, r_sample;

        /* we are only interested in ACKs */
        if (!(DCCP_SKB_CB(skb)->dccpd_type == DCCP_PKT_ACK ||
              DCCP_SKB_CB(skb)->dccpd_type == DCCP_PKT_DATAACK))
                return;
        /* ... and only in the established state */
        if (hctx->state != TFRC_SSTATE_FBACK &&
            hctx->state != TFRC_SSTATE_NO_FBACK)
                return;

        /*
         * Locate the acknowledged packet in the TX history.
         *
         * Returning "entry not found" here can for instance happen when
         *  - the host has not sent out anything (e.g. a passive server),
         *  - the Ack is outdated (packet with higher Ack number was received),
         *  - it is a bogus Ack (for a packet not sent on this connection).
         */
        acked = tfrc_tx_hist_find_entry(hctx->hist, dccp_hdr_ack_seq(skb));
        if (acked == NULL)
                return;
        /* For the sake of RTT sampling, ignore/remove all older entries */
        tfrc_tx_hist_purge(&acked->next);

        /* Update the moving average for the RTT estimate (RFC 3448, 4.3) */
        now       = ktime_get_real();
        r_sample  = dccp_sample_rtt(sk, ktime_us_delta(now, acked->stamp));
        hctx->rtt = tfrc_ewma(hctx->rtt, r_sample, 9);

        /* Update receive rate in units of 64 * bytes/second */
        hctx->x_recv = opt_recv->ccid3or_receive_rate;
        hctx->x_recv <<= 6;

        /* Update loss event rate (which is scaled by 1e6) */
        pinv = opt_recv->ccid3or_loss_event_rate;
        if (pinv == 0)
                hctx->p = 0;
        else
                hctx->p = tfrc_invert_loss_event_rate(pinv);

        /*
         * Update allowed sending rate X as per draft rfc3448bis-00, 4.2/3
         */
        if (hctx->state == TFRC_SSTATE_NO_FBACK) {
                ccid3_hc_tx_set_state(sk, TFRC_SSTATE_FBACK);

                if (hctx->t_rto == 0) {
                        /*
                         * Initial feedback packet: Larger Initial Windows (4.2)
                         */
                        hctx->x    = rfc3390_initial_rate(sk);
                        hctx->t_ld = now;

                        ccid3_update_send_interval(hctx);

                        goto done_computing_x;
                } else if (hctx->p == 0) {
                        /*
                         * First feedback after nofeedback timer expiry (4.3)
                         */
                        goto done_computing_x;
                }
        }

        /* Update sending rate (step 4 of [RFC 3448, 4.3]) */
        if (hctx->p > 0)
                hctx->x_calc = tfrc_calc_x(hctx->s, hctx->rtt, hctx->p);
        ccid3_hc_tx_update_x(sk, &now);

done_computing_x:
        ccid3_pr_debug("%s(%p), RTT=%uus (sample=%uus), s=%u, "
                               "p=%u, X_calc=%u, X_recv=%u, X=%u\n",
                               dccp_role(sk), sk, hctx->rtt, r_sample,
                               hctx->s, hctx->p, hctx->x_calc,
                               (unsigned)(hctx->x_recv >> 6),
                               (unsigned)(hctx->x >> 6));

        /* unschedule no feedback timer */
        sk_stop_timer(sk, &hctx->no_feedback_timer);

        /*
         * As we have calculated new ipi, delta, t_nom it is possible
         * that we now can send a packet, so wake up dccp_wait_for_ccid
         */
        sk->sk_write_space(sk);

        /*
         * Update timeout interval for the nofeedback timer.
         * We use a configuration option to increase the lower bound.
         * This can help avoid triggering the nofeedback timer too
         * often ('spinning') on LANs with small RTTs.
         */
        hctx->t_rto = max_t(u32, 4 * hctx->rtt, (CONFIG_IP_DCCP_CCID3_RTO *
                                                 (USEC_PER_SEC / 1000)));
        /*
         * Schedule no feedback timer to expire in
         * max(t_RTO, 2 * s/X)  =  max(t_RTO, 2 * t_ipi)
         */
        t_nfb = max(hctx->t_rto, 2 * hctx->t_ipi);

        ccid3_pr_debug("%s(%p), Scheduled no feedback timer to "
                       "expire in %lu jiffies (%luus)\n",
                       dccp_role(sk), sk, usecs_to_jiffies(t_nfb), t_nfb);

        sk_reset_timer(sk, &hctx->no_feedback_timer,
                           jiffies + usecs_to_jiffies(t_nfb));
}

static int ccid3_hc_tx_parse_options(struct sock *sk, u8 packet_type,
                                     u8 option, u8 *optval, u8 optlen)
{
        struct ccid3_hc_tx_sock *hctx = ccid3_hc_tx_sk(sk);
        struct ccid3_options_received *opt_recv = &hctx->options_received;
        __be32 opt_val;

        switch (option) {
        case TFRC_OPT_RECEIVE_RATE:
        case TFRC_OPT_LOSS_EVENT_RATE:
                /* Must be ignored on Data packets, cf. RFC 4342 8.3 and 8.5 */
                if (packet_type == DCCP_PKT_DATA)
                        break;
                if (unlikely(optlen != 4)) {
                        DCCP_WARN("%s(%p), invalid len %d for %u\n",
                                  dccp_role(sk), sk, optlen, option);
                        return -EINVAL;
                }
                opt_val = ntohl(get_unaligned((__be32 *)optval));

                if (option == TFRC_OPT_RECEIVE_RATE) {
                        opt_recv->ccid3or_receive_rate = opt_val;
                        ccid3_pr_debug("%s(%p), RECEIVE_RATE=%u\n",
                                       dccp_role(sk), sk, opt_val);
                } else {
                        opt_recv->ccid3or_loss_event_rate = opt_val;
                        ccid3_pr_debug("%s(%p), LOSS_EVENT_RATE=%u\n",
                                       dccp_role(sk), sk, opt_val);
                }
        }
        return 0;
}

static int ccid3_hc_tx_init(struct ccid *ccid, struct sock *sk)
{
        struct ccid3_hc_tx_sock *hctx = ccid_priv(ccid);

        hctx->state = TFRC_SSTATE_NO_SENT;
        hctx->hist  = NULL;
        setup_timer(&hctx->no_feedback_timer,
                    ccid3_hc_tx_no_feedback_timer, (unsigned long)sk);
        return 0;
}

static void ccid3_hc_tx_exit(struct sock *sk)
{
        struct ccid3_hc_tx_sock *hctx = ccid3_hc_tx_sk(sk);

        ccid3_hc_tx_set_state(sk, TFRC_SSTATE_TERM);
        sk_stop_timer(sk, &hctx->no_feedback_timer);

        tfrc_tx_hist_purge(&hctx->hist);
}

static void ccid3_hc_tx_get_info(struct sock *sk, struct tcp_info *info)
{
        info->tcpi_rto = ccid3_hc_tx_sk(sk)->t_rto;
        info->tcpi_rtt = ccid3_hc_tx_sk(sk)->rtt;
}

static int ccid3_hc_tx_getsockopt(struct sock *sk, const int optname, int len,
                                  u32 __user *optval, int __user *optlen)
{
        const struct ccid3_hc_tx_sock *hctx = ccid3_hc_tx_sk(sk);
        struct tfrc_tx_info tfrc;
        const void *val;

        switch (optname) {
        case DCCP_SOCKOPT_CCID_TX_INFO:
                if (len < sizeof(tfrc))
                        return -EINVAL;
                tfrc.tfrctx_x      = hctx->x;
                tfrc.tfrctx_x_recv = hctx->x_recv;
                tfrc.tfrctx_x_calc = hctx->x_calc;
                tfrc.tfrctx_rtt    = hctx->rtt;
                tfrc.tfrctx_p      = hctx->p;
                tfrc.tfrctx_rto    = hctx->t_rto;
                tfrc.tfrctx_ipi    = hctx->t_ipi;
                len = sizeof(tfrc);
                val = &tfrc;
                break;
        default:
                return -ENOPROTOOPT;
        }

        if (put_user(len, optlen) || copy_to_user(optval, val, len))
                return -EFAULT;

        return 0;
}

/*
 *      Receiver Half-Connection Routines
 */

/* CCID3 feedback types */
enum ccid3_fback_type {
        CCID3_FBACK_NONE = 0,
        CCID3_FBACK_INITIAL,
        CCID3_FBACK_PERIODIC,
        CCID3_FBACK_PARAM_CHANGE
};

#ifdef CONFIG_IP_DCCP_CCID3_DEBUG
static const char *ccid3_rx_state_name(enum ccid3_hc_rx_states state)
{
        static char *ccid3_rx_state_names[] = {
        [TFRC_RSTATE_NO_DATA] = "NO_DATA",
        [TFRC_RSTATE_DATA]    = "DATA",
        [TFRC_RSTATE_TERM]    = "TERM",
        };

        return ccid3_rx_state_names[state];
}
#endif

static void ccid3_hc_rx_set_state(struct sock *sk,
                                  enum ccid3_hc_rx_states state)
{
        struct ccid3_hc_rx_sock *hcrx = ccid3_hc_rx_sk(sk);
        enum ccid3_hc_rx_states oldstate = hcrx->state;

        ccid3_pr_debug("%s(%p) %-8.8s -> %s\n",
                       dccp_role(sk), sk, ccid3_rx_state_name(oldstate),
                       ccid3_rx_state_name(state));
        WARN_ON(state == oldstate);
        hcrx->state = state;
}

static void ccid3_hc_rx_send_feedback(struct sock *sk,
                                      const struct sk_buff *skb,
                                      enum ccid3_fback_type fbtype)
{
        struct ccid3_hc_rx_sock *hcrx = ccid3_hc_rx_sk(sk);
        struct dccp_sock *dp = dccp_sk(sk);
        ktime_t now;
        s64 delta = 0;

        if (unlikely(hcrx->state == TFRC_RSTATE_TERM))
                return;

        now = ktime_get_real();

        switch (fbtype) {
        case CCID3_FBACK_INITIAL:
                hcrx->x_recv = 0;
                hcrx->p_inverse = ~0U;   /* see RFC 4342, 8.5 */
                break;
        case CCID3_FBACK_PARAM_CHANGE:
                /*
                 * When parameters change (new loss or p > p_prev), we do not
                 * have a reliable estimate for R_m of [RFC 3448, 6.2] and so
                 * need to  reuse the previous value of X_recv. However, when
                 * X_recv was 0 (due to early loss), this would kill X down to
                 * s/t_mbi (i.e. one packet in 64 seconds).
                 * To avoid such drastic reduction, we approximate X_recv as
                 * the number of bytes since last feedback.
                 * This is a safe fallback, since X is bounded above by X_calc.
                 */
                if (hcrx->x_recv > 0)
                        break;
                /* fall through */
        case CCID3_FBACK_PERIODIC:
                delta = ktime_us_delta(now, hcrx->tstamp_last_feedback);
                if (delta <= 0)
                        DCCP_BUG("delta (%ld) <= 0", (long)delta);
                else
                        hcrx->x_recv = scaled_div32(hcrx->bytes_recv, delta);
                break;
        default:
                return;
        }

        ccid3_pr_debug("Interval %ldusec, X_recv=%u, 1/p=%u\n",
                       (long)delta, hcrx->x_recv, hcrx->p_inverse);

        hcrx->tstamp_last_feedback = now;
        hcrx->last_counter         = dccp_hdr(skb)->dccph_ccval;
        hcrx->bytes_recv           = 0;

        dp->dccps_hc_rx_insert_options = 1;
        dccp_send_ack(sk);
}

static int ccid3_hc_rx_insert_options(struct sock *sk, struct sk_buff *skb)
{
        const struct ccid3_hc_rx_sock *hcrx = ccid3_hc_rx_sk(sk);
        __be32 x_recv, pinv;

        if (!(sk->sk_state == DCCP_OPEN || sk->sk_state == DCCP_PARTOPEN))
                return 0;

        if (dccp_packet_without_ack(skb))
                return 0;

        x_recv = htonl(hcrx->x_recv);
        pinv   = htonl(hcrx->p_inverse);

        if (dccp_insert_option(sk, skb, TFRC_OPT_LOSS_EVENT_RATE,
                               &pinv, sizeof(pinv)) ||
            dccp_insert_option(sk, skb, TFRC_OPT_RECEIVE_RATE,
                               &x_recv, sizeof(x_recv)))
                return -1;

        return 0;
}

/** ccid3_first_li  -  Implements [RFC 3448, 6.3.1]
 *
 * Determine the length of the first loss interval via inverse lookup.
 * Assume that X_recv can be computed by the throughput equation
 *                  s
 *      X_recv = --------
 *               R * fval
 * Find some p such that f(p) = fval; return 1/p (scaled).
 */
static u32 ccid3_first_li(struct sock *sk)
{
        struct ccid3_hc_rx_sock *hcrx = ccid3_hc_rx_sk(sk);
        u32 x_recv, p, delta;
        u64 fval;

        if (hcrx->rtt == 0) {
                DCCP_WARN("No RTT estimate available, using fallback RTT\n");
                hcrx->rtt = DCCP_FALLBACK_RTT;
        }

        delta = ktime_to_us(net_timedelta(hcrx->tstamp_last_feedback));
        x_recv = scaled_div32(hcrx->bytes_recv, delta);
        if (x_recv == 0) {              /* would also trigger divide-by-zero */
                DCCP_WARN("X_recv==0\n");
                if (hcrx->x_recv == 0) {
                        DCCP_BUG("stored value of X_recv is zero");
                        return ~0U;
                }
                x_recv = hcrx->x_recv;
        }

        fval = scaled_div(hcrx->s, hcrx->rtt);
        fval = scaled_div32(fval, x_recv);
        p = tfrc_calc_x_reverse_lookup(fval);

        ccid3_pr_debug("%s(%p), receive rate=%u bytes/s, implied "
                       "loss rate=%u\n", dccp_role(sk), sk, x_recv, p);

        return p == 0 ? ~0U : scaled_div(1, p);
}

static void ccid3_hc_rx_packet_recv(struct sock *sk, struct sk_buff *skb)
{
        struct ccid3_hc_rx_sock *hcrx = ccid3_hc_rx_sk(sk);
        enum ccid3_fback_type do_feedback = CCID3_FBACK_NONE;
        const u64 ndp = dccp_sk(sk)->dccps_options_received.dccpor_ndp;
        const bool is_data_packet = dccp_data_packet(skb);

        if (unlikely(hcrx->state == TFRC_RSTATE_NO_DATA)) {
                if (is_data_packet) {
                        const u32 payload = skb->len - dccp_hdr(skb)->dccph_doff * 4;
                        do_feedback = CCID3_FBACK_INITIAL;
                        ccid3_hc_rx_set_state(sk, TFRC_RSTATE_DATA);
                        hcrx->s = payload;
                        /*
                         * Not necessary to update bytes_recv here,
                         * since X_recv = 0 for the first feedback packet (cf.
                         * RFC 3448, 6.3) -- gerrit
                         */
                }
                goto update_records;
        }

        if (tfrc_rx_hist_duplicate(&hcrx->hist, skb))
                return; /* done receiving */

        if (is_data_packet) {
                const u32 payload = skb->len - dccp_hdr(skb)->dccph_doff * 4;
                /*
                 * Update moving-average of s and the sum of received payload bytes
                 */
                hcrx->s = tfrc_ewma(hcrx->s, payload, 9);
                hcrx->bytes_recv += payload;
        }

        /*
         * Perform loss detection and handle pending losses
         */
        if (tfrc_rx_handle_loss(&hcrx->hist, &hcrx->li_hist,
                                skb, ndp, ccid3_first_li, sk)) {
                do_feedback = CCID3_FBACK_PARAM_CHANGE;
                goto done_receiving;
        }

        if (tfrc_rx_hist_loss_pending(&hcrx->hist))
                return; /* done receiving */

        /*
         * Handle data packets: RTT sampling and monitoring p
         */
        if (unlikely(!is_data_packet))
                goto update_records;

        if (!tfrc_lh_is_initialised(&hcrx->li_hist)) {
                const u32 sample = tfrc_rx_hist_sample_rtt(&hcrx->hist, skb);
                /*
                 * Empty loss history: no loss so far, hence p stays 0.
                 * Sample RTT values, since an RTT estimate is required for the
                 * computation of p when the first loss occurs; RFC 3448, 6.3.1.
                 */
                if (sample != 0)
                        hcrx->rtt = tfrc_ewma(hcrx->rtt, sample, 9);

        } else if (tfrc_lh_update_i_mean(&hcrx->li_hist, skb)) {
                /*
                 * Step (3) of [RFC 3448, 6.1]: Recompute I_mean and, if I_mean
                 * has decreased (resp. p has increased), send feedback now.
                 */
                do_feedback = CCID3_FBACK_PARAM_CHANGE;
        }

        /*
         * Check if the periodic once-per-RTT feedback is due; RFC 4342, 10.3
         */
        if (SUB16(dccp_hdr(skb)->dccph_ccval, hcrx->last_counter) > 3)
                do_feedback = CCID3_FBACK_PERIODIC;

update_records:
        tfrc_rx_hist_add_packet(&hcrx->hist, skb, ndp);

done_receiving:
        if (do_feedback)
                ccid3_hc_rx_send_feedback(sk, skb, do_feedback);
}

static int ccid3_hc_rx_init(struct ccid *ccid, struct sock *sk)
{
        struct ccid3_hc_rx_sock *hcrx = ccid_priv(ccid);

        hcrx->state = TFRC_RSTATE_NO_DATA;
        tfrc_lh_init(&hcrx->li_hist);
        return tfrc_rx_hist_alloc(&hcrx->hist);
}

static void ccid3_hc_rx_exit(struct sock *sk)
{
        struct ccid3_hc_rx_sock *hcrx = ccid3_hc_rx_sk(sk);

        ccid3_hc_rx_set_state(sk, TFRC_RSTATE_TERM);

        tfrc_rx_hist_purge(&hcrx->hist);
        tfrc_lh_cleanup(&hcrx->li_hist);
}

static void ccid3_hc_rx_get_info(struct sock *sk, struct tcp_info *info)
{
        info->tcpi_ca_state = ccid3_hc_rx_sk(sk)->state;
        info->tcpi_options  |= TCPI_OPT_TIMESTAMPS;
        info->tcpi_rcv_rtt  = ccid3_hc_rx_sk(sk)->rtt;
}

static int ccid3_hc_rx_getsockopt(struct sock *sk, const int optname, int len,
                                  u32 __user *optval, int __user *optlen)
{
        const struct ccid3_hc_rx_sock *hcrx = ccid3_hc_rx_sk(sk);
        struct tfrc_rx_info rx_info;
        const void *val;

        switch (optname) {
        case DCCP_SOCKOPT_CCID_RX_INFO:
                if (len < sizeof(rx_info))
                        return -EINVAL;
                rx_info.tfrcrx_x_recv = hcrx->x_recv;
                rx_info.tfrcrx_rtt    = hcrx->rtt;
                rx_info.tfrcrx_p      = tfrc_invert_loss_event_rate(hcrx->p_inverse);
                len = sizeof(rx_info);
                val = &rx_info;
                break;
        default:
                return -ENOPROTOOPT;
        }

        if (put_user(len, optlen) || copy_to_user(optval, val, len))
                return -EFAULT;

        return 0;
}

static struct ccid_operations ccid3 = {
        .ccid_id                   = DCCPC_CCID3,
        .ccid_name                 = "TCP-Friendly Rate Control",
        .ccid_owner                = THIS_MODULE,
        .ccid_hc_tx_obj_size       = sizeof(struct ccid3_hc_tx_sock),
        .ccid_hc_tx_init           = ccid3_hc_tx_init,
        .ccid_hc_tx_exit           = ccid3_hc_tx_exit,
        .ccid_hc_tx_send_packet    = ccid3_hc_tx_send_packet,
        .ccid_hc_tx_packet_sent    = ccid3_hc_tx_packet_sent,
        .ccid_hc_tx_packet_recv    = ccid3_hc_tx_packet_recv,
        .ccid_hc_tx_parse_options  = ccid3_hc_tx_parse_options,
        .ccid_hc_rx_obj_size       = sizeof(struct ccid3_hc_rx_sock),
        .ccid_hc_rx_init           = ccid3_hc_rx_init,
        .ccid_hc_rx_exit           = ccid3_hc_rx_exit,
        .ccid_hc_rx_insert_options = ccid3_hc_rx_insert_options,
        .ccid_hc_rx_packet_recv    = ccid3_hc_rx_packet_recv,
        .ccid_hc_rx_get_info       = ccid3_hc_rx_get_info,
        .ccid_hc_tx_get_info       = ccid3_hc_tx_get_info,
        .ccid_hc_rx_getsockopt     = ccid3_hc_rx_getsockopt,
        .ccid_hc_tx_getsockopt     = ccid3_hc_tx_getsockopt,
};

#ifdef CONFIG_IP_DCCP_CCID3_DEBUG
module_param(ccid3_debug, bool, 0644);
MODULE_PARM_DESC(ccid3_debug, "Enable debug messages");
#endif

static __init int ccid3_module_init(void)
{
        return ccid_register(&ccid3);
}
module_init(ccid3_module_init);

static __exit void ccid3_module_exit(void)
{
        ccid_unregister(&ccid3);
}
module_exit(ccid3_module_exit);

MODULE_AUTHOR("Ian McDonald <ian.mcdonald@jandi.co.nz>, "
              "Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@ghostprotocols.net>");
MODULE_DESCRIPTION("DCCP TFRC CCID3 CCID");
MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
MODULE_ALIAS("net-dccp-ccid-3");