kernel/cpu.c

   1 /* CPU control.
   2  * (C) 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004 Rusty Russell
   3  *
   4  * This code is licenced under the GPL.
   5  */
   6 #include <linux/proc_fs.h>
   7 #include <linux/smp.h>
   8 #include <linux/init.h>
   9 #include <linux/notifier.h>
  10 #include <linux/sched.h>
  11 #include <linux/unistd.h>
  12 #include <linux/cpu.h>
  13 #include <linux/module.h>
  14 #include <linux/kthread.h>
  15 #include <linux/stop_machine.h>
  16 #include <linux/mutex.h>
  17
  18 #ifdef CONFIG_SMP
  19 /* Serializes the updates to cpu_online_mask, cpu_present_mask */
  20 static DEFINE_MUTEX(cpu_add_remove_lock);
  21
  22 static __cpuinitdata RAW_NOTIFIER_HEAD(cpu_chain);
  23
  24 /* If set, cpu_up and cpu_down will return -EBUSY and do nothing.
  25  * Should always be manipulated under cpu_add_remove_lock
  26  */
  27 static int cpu_hotplug_disabled;
  28
  29 static struct {
  30         struct task_struct *active_writer;
  31         struct mutex lock; /* Synchronizes accesses to refcount, */
  32         /*
  33          * Also blocks the new readers during
  34          * an ongoing cpu hotplug operation.
  35          */
  36         int refcount;
  37 } cpu_hotplug;
  38
  39 void __init cpu_hotplug_init(void)
  40 {
  41         cpu_hotplug.active_writer = NULL;
  42         mutex_init(&cpu_hotplug.lock);
  43         cpu_hotplug.refcount = 0;
  44 }
  45
  46 #ifdef CONFIG_HOTPLUG_CPU
  47
  48 void get_online_cpus(void)
  49 {
  50         might_sleep();
  51         if (cpu_hotplug.active_writer == current)
  52                 return;
  53         mutex_lock(&cpu_hotplug.lock);
  54         cpu_hotplug.refcount++;
  55         mutex_unlock(&cpu_hotplug.lock);
  56
  57 }
  58 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(get_online_cpus);
  59
  60 void put_online_cpus(void)
  61 {
  62         if (cpu_hotplug.active_writer == current)
  63                 return;
  64         mutex_lock(&cpu_hotplug.lock);
  65         if (!--cpu_hotplug.refcount && unlikely(cpu_hotplug.active_writer))
  66                 wake_up_process(cpu_hotplug.active_writer);
  67         mutex_unlock(&cpu_hotplug.lock);
  68
  69 }
  70 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(put_online_cpus);
  71
  72 #endif  /* CONFIG_HOTPLUG_CPU */
  73
  74 /*
  75  * The following two API's must be used when attempting
  76  * to serialize the updates to cpu_online_mask, cpu_present_mask.
  77  */
  78 void cpu_maps_update_begin(void)
  79 {
  80         mutex_lock(&cpu_add_remove_lock);
  81 }
  82
  83 void cpu_maps_update_done(void)
  84 {
  85         mutex_unlock(&cpu_add_remove_lock);
  86 }
  87
  88 /*
  89  * This ensures that the hotplug operation can begin only when the
  90  * refcount goes to zero.
  91  *
  92  * Note that during a cpu-hotplug operation, the new readers, if any,
  93  * will be blocked by the cpu_hotplug.lock
  94  *
  95  * Since cpu_hotplug_begin() is always called after invoking
  96  * cpu_maps_update_begin(), we can be sure that only one writer is active.
  97  *
  98  * Note that theoretically, there is a possibility of a livelock:
  99  * - Refcount goes to zero, last reader wakes up the sleeping
 100  *   writer.
 101  * - Last reader unlocks the cpu_hotplug.lock.
 102  * - A new reader arrives at this moment, bumps up the refcount.
 103  * - The writer acquires the cpu_hotplug.lock finds the refcount
 104  *   non zero and goes to sleep again.
 105  *
 106  * However, this is very difficult to achieve in practice since
 107  * get_online_cpus() not an api which is called all that often.
 108  *
 109  */
 110 static void cpu_hotplug_begin(void)
 111 {
 112         cpu_hotplug.active_writer = current;
 113
 114         for (;;) {
 115                 mutex_lock(&cpu_hotplug.lock);
 116                 if (likely(!cpu_hotplug.refcount))
 117                         break;
 118                 __set_current_state(TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE);
 119                 mutex_unlock(&cpu_hotplug.lock);
 120                 schedule();
 121         }
 122 }
 123
 124 static void cpu_hotplug_done(void)
 125 {
 126         cpu_hotplug.active_writer = NULL;
 127         mutex_unlock(&cpu_hotplug.lock);
 128 }
 129 /* Need to know about CPUs going up/down? */
 130 int __ref register_cpu_notifier(struct notifier_block *nb)
 131 {
 132         int ret;
 133         cpu_maps_update_begin();
 134         ret = raw_notifier_chain_register(&cpu_chain, nb);
 135         cpu_maps_update_done();
 136         return ret;
 137 }
 138
 139 #ifdef CONFIG_HOTPLUG_CPU
 140
 141 EXPORT_SYMBOL(register_cpu_notifier);
 142
 143 void __ref unregister_cpu_notifier(struct notifier_block *nb)
 144 {
 145         cpu_maps_update_begin();
 146         raw_notifier_chain_unregister(&cpu_chain, nb);
 147         cpu_maps_update_done();
 148 }
 149 EXPORT_SYMBOL(unregister_cpu_notifier);
 150
 151 static inline void check_for_tasks(int cpu)
 152 {
 153         struct task_struct *p;
 154
 155         write_lock_irq(&tasklist_lock);
 156         for_each_process(p) {
 157                 if (task_cpu(p) == cpu &&
 158                     (!cputime_eq(p->utime, cputime_zero) ||
 159                      !cputime_eq(p->stime, cputime_zero)))
 160                         printk(KERN_WARNING "Task %s (pid = %d) is on cpu %d\
 161                                 (state = %ld, flags = %x) \n",
 162                                  p->comm, task_pid_nr(p), cpu,
 163                                  p->state, p->flags);
 164         }
 165         write_unlock_irq(&tasklist_lock);
 166 }
 167
 168 struct take_cpu_down_param {
 169         unsigned long mod;
 170         void *hcpu;
 171 };
 172
 173 /* Take this CPU down. */
 174 static int __ref take_cpu_down(void *_param)
 175 {
 176         struct take_cpu_down_param *param = _param;
 177         int err;
 178
 179         /* Ensure this CPU doesn't handle any more interrupts. */
 180         err = __cpu_disable();
 181         if (err < 0)
 182                 return err;
 183
 184         raw_notifier_call_chain(&cpu_chain, CPU_DYING | param->mod,
 185                                 param->hcpu);
 186
 187         /* Force idle task to run as soon as we yield: it should
 188            immediately notice cpu is offline and die quickly. */
 189         sched_idle_next();
 190         return 0;
 191 }
 192
 193 /* Requires cpu_add_remove_lock to be held */
 194 static int __ref _cpu_down(unsigned int cpu, int tasks_frozen)
 195 {
 196         int err, nr_calls = 0;
 197         cpumask_var_t old_allowed;
 198         void *hcpu = (void *)(long)cpu;
 199         unsigned long mod = tasks_frozen ? CPU_TASKS_FROZEN : 0;
 200         struct take_cpu_down_param tcd_param = {
 201                 .mod = mod,
 202                 .hcpu = hcpu,
 203         };
 204
 205         if (num_online_cpus() == 1)
 206                 return -EBUSY;
 207
 208         if (!cpu_online(cpu))
 209                 return -EINVAL;
 210
 211         if (!alloc_cpumask_var(&old_allowed, GFP_KERNEL))
 212                 return -ENOMEM;
 213
 214         cpu_hotplug_begin();
 215         err = __raw_notifier_call_chain(&cpu_chain, CPU_DOWN_PREPARE | mod,
 216                                         hcpu, -1, &nr_calls);
 217         if (err == NOTIFY_BAD) {
 218                 nr_calls--;
 219                 __raw_notifier_call_chain(&cpu_chain, CPU_DOWN_FAILED | mod,
 220                                           hcpu, nr_calls, NULL);
 221                 printk("%s: attempt to take down CPU %u failed\n",
 222                                 __func__, cpu);
 223                 err = -EINVAL;
 224                 goto out_release;
 225         }
 226
 227         /* Ensure that we are not runnable on dying cpu */
 228         cpumask_copy(old_allowed, &current->cpus_allowed);
 229         set_cpus_allowed_ptr(current,
 230                              cpumask_of(cpumask_any_but(cpu_online_mask, cpu)));
 231
 232         err = __stop_machine(take_cpu_down, &tcd_param, cpumask_of(cpu));
 233         if (err) {
 234                 /* CPU didn't die: tell everyone.  Can't complain. */
 235                 if (raw_notifier_call_chain(&cpu_chain, CPU_DOWN_FAILED | mod,
 236                                             hcpu) == NOTIFY_BAD)
 237                         BUG();
 238
 239                 goto out_allowed;
 240         }
 241         BUG_ON(cpu_online(cpu));
 242
 243         /* Wait for it to sleep (leaving idle task). */
 244         while (!idle_cpu(cpu))
 245                 yield();
 246
 247         /* This actually kills the CPU. */
 248         __cpu_die(cpu);
 249
 250         /* CPU is completely dead: tell everyone.  Too late to complain. */
 251         if (raw_notifier_call_chain(&cpu_chain, CPU_DEAD | mod,
 252                                     hcpu) == NOTIFY_BAD)
 253                 BUG();
 254
 255         check_for_tasks(cpu);
 256
 257 out_allowed:
 258         set_cpus_allowed_ptr(current, old_allowed);
 259 out_release:
 260         cpu_hotplug_done();
 261         if (!err) {
 262                 if (raw_notifier_call_chain(&cpu_chain, CPU_POST_DEAD | mod,
 263                                             hcpu) == NOTIFY_BAD)
 264                         BUG();
 265         }
 266         free_cpumask_var(old_allowed);
 267         return err;
 268 }
 269
 270 int __ref cpu_down(unsigned int cpu)
 271 {
 272         int err;
 273
 274         err = stop_machine_create();
 275         if (err)
 276                 return err;
 277         cpu_maps_update_begin();
 278
 279         if (cpu_hotplug_disabled) {
 280                 err = -EBUSY;
 281                 goto out;
 282         }
 283
 284         set_cpu_active(cpu, false);
 285
 286         /*
 287          * Make sure the all cpus did the reschedule and are not
 288          * using stale version of the cpu_active_mask.
 289          * This is not strictly necessary becuase stop_machine()
 290          * that we run down the line already provides the required
 291          * synchronization. But it's really a side effect and we do not
 292          * want to depend on the innards of the stop_machine here.
 293          */
 294         synchronize_sched();
 295
 296         err = _cpu_down(cpu, 0);
 297
 298         if (cpu_online(cpu))
 299                 set_cpu_active(cpu, true);
 300
 301 out:
 302         cpu_maps_update_done();
 303         stop_machine_destroy();
 304         return err;
 305 }
 306 EXPORT_SYMBOL(cpu_down);
 307 #endif /*CONFIG_HOTPLUG_CPU*/
 308
 309 /* Requires cpu_add_remove_lock to be held */
 310 static int __cpuinit _cpu_up(unsigned int cpu, int tasks_frozen)
 311 {
 312         int ret, nr_calls = 0;
 313         void *hcpu = (void *)(long)cpu;
 314         unsigned long mod = tasks_frozen ? CPU_TASKS_FROZEN : 0;
 315
 316         if (cpu_online(cpu) || !cpu_present(cpu))
 317                 return -EINVAL;
 318
 319         cpu_hotplug_begin();
 320         ret = __raw_notifier_call_chain(&cpu_chain, CPU_UP_PREPARE | mod, hcpu,
 321                                                         -1, &nr_calls);
 322         if (ret == NOTIFY_BAD) {
 323                 nr_calls--;
 324                 printk("%s: attempt to bring up CPU %u failed\n",
 325                                 __func__, cpu);
 326                 ret = -EINVAL;
 327                 goto out_notify;
 328         }
 329
 330         /* Arch-specific enabling code. */
 331         ret = __cpu_up(cpu);
 332         if (ret != 0)
 333                 goto out_notify;
 334         BUG_ON(!cpu_online(cpu));
 335
 336         set_cpu_active(cpu, true);
 337
 338         /* Now call notifier in preparation. */
 339         raw_notifier_call_chain(&cpu_chain, CPU_ONLINE | mod, hcpu);
 340
 341 out_notify:
 342         if (ret != 0)
 343                 __raw_notifier_call_chain(&cpu_chain,
 344                                 CPU_UP_CANCELED | mod, hcpu, nr_calls, NULL);
 345         cpu_hotplug_done();
 346
 347         return ret;
 348 }
 349
 350 int __cpuinit cpu_up(unsigned int cpu)
 351 {
 352         int err = 0;
 353         if (!cpu_possible(cpu)) {
 354                 printk(KERN_ERR "can't online cpu %d because it is not "
 355                         "configured as may-hotadd at boot time\n", cpu);
 356 #if defined(CONFIG_IA64) || defined(CONFIG_X86_64)
 357                 printk(KERN_ERR "please check additional_cpus= boot "
 358                                 "parameter\n");
 359 #endif
 360                 return -EINVAL;
 361         }
 362
 363         cpu_maps_update_begin();
 364
 365         if (cpu_hotplug_disabled) {
 366                 err = -EBUSY;
 367                 goto out;
 368         }
 369
 370         err = _cpu_up(cpu, 0);
 371
 372 out:
 373         cpu_maps_update_done();
 374         return err;
 375 }
 376
 377 #ifdef CONFIG_PM_SLEEP_SMP
 378 static cpumask_var_t frozen_cpus;
 379
 380 int disable_nonboot_cpus(void)
 381 {
 382         int cpu, first_cpu, error;
 383
 384         error = stop_machine_create();
 385         if (error)
 386                 return error;
 387         cpu_maps_update_begin();
 388         first_cpu = cpumask_first(cpu_online_mask);
 389         /* We take down all of the non-boot CPUs in one shot to avoid races
 390          * with the userspace trying to use the CPU hotplug at the same time
 391          */
 392         cpumask_clear(frozen_cpus);
 393         printk("Disabling non-boot CPUs ...\n");
 394         for_each_online_cpu(cpu) {
 395                 if (cpu == first_cpu)
 396                         continue;
 397                 error = _cpu_down(cpu, 1);
 398                 if (!error) {
 399                         cpumask_set_cpu(cpu, frozen_cpus);
 400                         printk("CPU%d is down\n", cpu);
 401                 } else {
 402                         printk(KERN_ERR "Error taking CPU%d down: %d\n",
 403                                 cpu, error);
 404                         break;
 405                 }
 406         }
 407         if (!error) {
 408                 BUG_ON(num_online_cpus() > 1);
 409                 /* Make sure the CPUs won't be enabled by someone else */
 410                 cpu_hotplug_disabled = 1;
 411         } else {
 412                 printk(KERN_ERR "Non-boot CPUs are not disabled\n");
 413         }
 414         cpu_maps_update_done();
 415         stop_machine_destroy();
 416         return error;
 417 }
 418
 419 void __ref enable_nonboot_cpus(void)
 420 {
 421         int cpu, error;
 422
 423         /* Allow everyone to use the CPU hotplug again */
 424         cpu_maps_update_begin();
 425         cpu_hotplug_disabled = 0;
 426         if (cpumask_empty(frozen_cpus))
 427                 goto out;
 428
 429         printk("Enabling non-boot CPUs ...\n");
 430         for_each_cpu(cpu, frozen_cpus) {
 431                 error = _cpu_up(cpu, 1);
 432                 if (!error) {
 433                         printk("CPU%d is up\n", cpu);
 434                         continue;
 435                 }
 436                 printk(KERN_WARNING "Error taking CPU%d up: %d\n", cpu, error);
 437         }
 438         cpumask_clear(frozen_cpus);
 439 out:
 440         cpu_maps_update_done();
 441 }
 442
 443 static int alloc_frozen_cpus(void)
 444 {
 445         if (!alloc_cpumask_var(&frozen_cpus, GFP_KERNEL|__GFP_ZERO))
 446                 return -ENOMEM;
 447         return 0;
 448 }
 449 core_initcall(alloc_frozen_cpus);
 450 #endif /* CONFIG_PM_SLEEP_SMP */
 451
 452 /**
 453  * notify_cpu_starting(cpu) - call the CPU_STARTING notifiers
 454  * @cpu: cpu that just started
 455  *
 456  * This function calls the cpu_chain notifiers with CPU_STARTING.
 457  * It must be called by the arch code on the new cpu, before the new cpu
 458  * enables interrupts and before the "boot" cpu returns from __cpu_up().
 459  */
 460 void __cpuinit notify_cpu_starting(unsigned int cpu)
 461 {
 462         unsigned long val = CPU_STARTING;
 463
 464 #ifdef CONFIG_PM_SLEEP_SMP
 465         if (frozen_cpus != NULL && cpumask_test_cpu(cpu, frozen_cpus))
 466                 val = CPU_STARTING_FROZEN;
 467 #endif /* CONFIG_PM_SLEEP_SMP */
 468         raw_notifier_call_chain(&cpu_chain, val, (void *)(long)cpu);
 469 }
 470
 471 #endif /* CONFIG_SMP */
 472
 473 /*
 474  * cpu_bit_bitmap[] is a special, "compressed" data structure that
 475  * represents all NR_CPUS bits binary values of 1<<nr.
 476  *
 477  * It is used by cpumask_of() to get a constant address to a CPU
 478  * mask value that has a single bit set only.
 479  */
 480
 481 /* cpu_bit_bitmap[0] is empty - so we can back into it */
 482 #define MASK_DECLARE_1(x)       [x+1][0] = 1UL << (x)
 483 #define MASK_DECLARE_2(x)       MASK_DECLARE_1(x), MASK_DECLARE_1(x+1)
 484 #define MASK_DECLARE_4(x)       MASK_DECLARE_2(x), MASK_DECLARE_2(x+2)
 485 #define MASK_DECLARE_8(x)       MASK_DECLARE_4(x), MASK_DECLARE_4(x+4)
 486
 487 const unsigned long cpu_bit_bitmap[BITS_PER_LONG+1][BITS_TO_LONGS(NR_CPUS)] = {
 488
 489         MASK_DECLARE_8(0),      MASK_DECLARE_8(8),
 490         MASK_DECLARE_8(16),     MASK_DECLARE_8(24),
 491 #if BITS_PER_LONG > 32
 492         MASK_DECLARE_8(32),     MASK_DECLARE_8(40),
 493         MASK_DECLARE_8(48),     MASK_DECLARE_8(56),
 494 #endif
 495 };
 496 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(cpu_bit_bitmap);
 497
 498 const DECLARE_BITMAP(cpu_all_bits, NR_CPUS) = CPU_BITS_ALL;
 499 EXPORT_SYMBOL(cpu_all_bits);
 500
 501 #ifdef CONFIG_INIT_ALL_POSSIBLE
 502 static DECLARE_BITMAP(cpu_possible_bits, CONFIG_NR_CPUS) __read_mostly
 503         = CPU_BITS_ALL;
 504 #else
 505 static DECLARE_BITMAP(cpu_possible_bits, CONFIG_NR_CPUS) __read_mostly;
 506 #endif
 507 const struct cpumask *const cpu_possible_mask = to_cpumask(cpu_possible_bits);
 508 EXPORT_SYMBOL(cpu_possible_mask);
 509
 510 static DECLARE_BITMAP(cpu_online_bits, CONFIG_NR_CPUS) __read_mostly;
 511 const struct cpumask *const cpu_online_mask = to_cpumask(cpu_online_bits);
 512 EXPORT_SYMBOL(cpu_online_mask);
 513
 514 static DECLARE_BITMAP(cpu_present_bits, CONFIG_NR_CPUS) __read_mostly;
 515 const struct cpumask *const cpu_present_mask = to_cpumask(cpu_present_bits);
 516 EXPORT_SYMBOL(cpu_present_mask);
 517
 518 static DECLARE_BITMAP(cpu_active_bits, CONFIG_NR_CPUS) __read_mostly;
 519 const struct cpumask *const cpu_active_mask = to_cpumask(cpu_active_bits);
 520 EXPORT_SYMBOL(cpu_active_mask);
 521
 522 void set_cpu_possible(unsigned int cpu, bool possible)
 523 {
 524         if (possible)
 525                 cpumask_set_cpu(cpu, to_cpumask(cpu_possible_bits));
 526         else
 527                 cpumask_clear_cpu(cpu, to_cpumask(cpu_possible_bits));
 528 }
 529
 530 void set_cpu_present(unsigned int cpu, bool present)
 531 {
 532         if (present)
 533                 cpumask_set_cpu(cpu, to_cpumask(cpu_present_bits));
 534         else
 535                 cpumask_clear_cpu(cpu, to_cpumask(cpu_present_bits));
 536 }
 537
 538 void set_cpu_online(unsigned int cpu, bool online)
 539 {
 540         if (online)
 541                 cpumask_set_cpu(cpu, to_cpumask(cpu_online_bits));
 542         else
 543                 cpumask_clear_cpu(cpu, to_cpumask(cpu_online_bits));
 544 }
 545
 546 void set_cpu_active(unsigned int cpu, bool active)
 547 {
 548         if (active)
 549                 cpumask_set_cpu(cpu, to_cpumask(cpu_active_bits));
 550         else
 551                 cpumask_clear_cpu(cpu, to_cpumask(cpu_active_bits));
 552 }
 553
 554 void init_cpu_present(const struct cpumask *src)
 555 {
 556         cpumask_copy(to_cpumask(cpu_present_bits), src);
 557 }
 558
 559 void init_cpu_possible(const struct cpumask *src)
 560 {
 561         cpumask_copy(to_cpumask(cpu_possible_bits), src);
 562 }
 563
 564 void init_cpu_online(const struct cpumask *src)
 565 {
 566         cpumask_copy(to_cpumask(cpu_online_bits), src);
 567 }