5 bool "IP: multicasting"
7 This is code for addressing several networked computers at once,
8 enlarging your kernel by about 2 KB. You need multicasting if you
9 intend to participate in the MBONE, a high bandwidth network on top
10 of the Internet which carries audio and video broadcasts. More
11 information about the MBONE is on the WWW at
12 <http://www.savetz.com/mbone/>. Information about the multicast
13 capabilities of the various network cards is contained in
14 <file:Documentation/networking/multicast.txt>. For most people, it's
17 config IP_ADVANCED_ROUTER
18 bool "IP: advanced router"
20 If you intend to run your Linux box mostly as a router, i.e. as a
21 computer that forwards and redistributes network packets, say Y; you
22 will then be presented with several options that allow more precise
23 control about the routing process.
25 The answer to this question won't directly affect the kernel:
26 answering N will just cause the configurator to skip all the
27 questions about advanced routing.
29 Note that your box can only act as a router if you enable IP
30 forwarding in your kernel; you can do that by saying Y to "/proc
31 file system support" and "Sysctl support" below and executing the
34 echo "1" > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward
36 at boot time after the /proc file system has been mounted.
38 If you turn on IP forwarding, you should consider the rp_filter, which
39 automatically rejects incoming packets if the routing table entry
40 for their source address doesn't match the network interface they're
41 arriving on. This has security advantages because it prevents the
42 so-called IP spoofing, however it can pose problems if you use
43 asymmetric routing (packets from you to a host take a different path
44 than packets from that host to you) or if you operate a non-routing
45 host which has several IP addresses on different interfaces. To turn
48 echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/<device>/rp_filter
50 echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/rp_filter
52 Note that some distributions enable it in startup scripts.
54 If unsure, say N here.
57 prompt "Choose IP: FIB lookup algorithm (choose FIB_HASH if unsure)"
58 depends on IP_ADVANCED_ROUTER
59 default ASK_IP_FIB_HASH
61 config ASK_IP_FIB_HASH
64 Current FIB is very proven and good enough for most users.
69 Use new experimental LC-trie as FIB lookup algorithm.
70 This improves lookup performance if you have a large
73 LC-trie is a longest matching prefix lookup algorithm which
74 performs better than FIB_HASH for large routing tables.
75 But, it consumes more memory and is more complex.
77 LC-trie is described in:
79 IP-address lookup using LC-tries. Stefan Nilsson and Gunnar Karlsson
80 IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, 17(6):1083-1092, June 1999
81 An experimental study of compression methods for dynamic tries
82 Stefan Nilsson and Matti Tikkanen. Algorithmica, 33(1):19-33, 2002.
83 http://www.nada.kth.se/~snilsson/public/papers/dyntrie2/
88 def_bool ASK_IP_FIB_HASH || !IP_ADVANCED_ROUTER
90 config IP_FIB_TRIE_STATS
91 bool "FIB TRIE statistics"
92 depends on IP_FIB_TRIE
94 Keep track of statistics on structure of FIB TRIE table.
95 Useful for testing and measuring TRIE performance.
97 config IP_MULTIPLE_TABLES
98 bool "IP: policy routing"
99 depends on IP_ADVANCED_ROUTER
102 Normally, a router decides what to do with a received packet based
103 solely on the packet's final destination address. If you say Y here,
104 the Linux router will also be able to take the packet's source
105 address into account. Furthermore, the TOS (Type-Of-Service) field
106 of the packet can be used for routing decisions as well.
108 If you are interested in this, please see the preliminary
109 documentation at <http://www.compendium.com.ar/policy-routing.txt>
110 and <ftp://post.tepkom.ru/pub/vol2/Linux/docs/advanced-routing.tex>.
111 You will need supporting software from
112 <ftp://ftp.tux.org/pub/net/ip-routing/>.
116 config IP_ROUTE_MULTIPATH
117 bool "IP: equal cost multipath"
118 depends on IP_ADVANCED_ROUTER
120 Normally, the routing tables specify a single action to be taken in
121 a deterministic manner for a given packet. If you say Y here
122 however, it becomes possible to attach several actions to a packet
123 pattern, in effect specifying several alternative paths to travel
124 for those packets. The router considers all these paths to be of
125 equal "cost" and chooses one of them in a non-deterministic fashion
126 if a matching packet arrives.
128 config IP_ROUTE_VERBOSE
129 bool "IP: verbose route monitoring"
130 depends on IP_ADVANCED_ROUTER
132 If you say Y here, which is recommended, then the kernel will print
133 verbose messages regarding the routing, for example warnings about
134 received packets which look strange and could be evidence of an
135 attack or a misconfigured system somewhere. The information is
136 handled by the klogd daemon which is responsible for kernel messages
140 bool "IP: kernel level autoconfiguration"
142 This enables automatic configuration of IP addresses of devices and
143 of the routing table during kernel boot, based on either information
144 supplied on the kernel command line or by BOOTP or RARP protocols.
145 You need to say Y only for diskless machines requiring network
146 access to boot (in which case you want to say Y to "Root file system
147 on NFS" as well), because all other machines configure the network
148 in their startup scripts.
151 bool "IP: DHCP support"
154 If you want your Linux box to mount its whole root file system (the
155 one containing the directory /) from some other computer over the
156 net via NFS and you want the IP address of your computer to be
157 discovered automatically at boot time using the DHCP protocol (a
158 special protocol designed for doing this job), say Y here. In case
159 the boot ROM of your network card was designed for booting Linux and
160 does DHCP itself, providing all necessary information on the kernel
161 command line, you can say N here.
163 If unsure, say Y. Note that if you want to use DHCP, a DHCP server
164 must be operating on your network. Read
165 <file:Documentation/filesystems/nfsroot.txt> for details.
168 bool "IP: BOOTP support"
171 If you want your Linux box to mount its whole root file system (the
172 one containing the directory /) from some other computer over the
173 net via NFS and you want the IP address of your computer to be
174 discovered automatically at boot time using the BOOTP protocol (a
175 special protocol designed for doing this job), say Y here. In case
176 the boot ROM of your network card was designed for booting Linux and
177 does BOOTP itself, providing all necessary information on the kernel
178 command line, you can say N here. If unsure, say Y. Note that if you
179 want to use BOOTP, a BOOTP server must be operating on your network.
180 Read <file:Documentation/filesystems/nfsroot.txt> for details.
183 bool "IP: RARP support"
186 If you want your Linux box to mount its whole root file system (the
187 one containing the directory /) from some other computer over the
188 net via NFS and you want the IP address of your computer to be
189 discovered automatically at boot time using the RARP protocol (an
190 older protocol which is being obsoleted by BOOTP and DHCP), say Y
191 here. Note that if you want to use RARP, a RARP server must be
192 operating on your network. Read
193 <file:Documentation/filesystems/nfsroot.txt> for details.
196 # bool ' IP: ARP support' CONFIG_IP_PNP_ARP
198 tristate "IP: tunneling"
201 Tunneling means encapsulating data of one protocol type within
202 another protocol and sending it over a channel that understands the
203 encapsulating protocol. This particular tunneling driver implements
204 encapsulation of IP within IP, which sounds kind of pointless, but
205 can be useful if you want to make your (or some other) machine
206 appear on a different network than it physically is, or to use
207 mobile-IP facilities (allowing laptops to seamlessly move between
208 networks without changing their IP addresses).
210 Saying Y to this option will produce two modules ( = code which can
211 be inserted in and removed from the running kernel whenever you
212 want). Most people won't need this and can say N.
215 tristate "IP: GRE tunnels over IP"
217 Tunneling means encapsulating data of one protocol type within
218 another protocol and sending it over a channel that understands the
219 encapsulating protocol. This particular tunneling driver implements
220 GRE (Generic Routing Encapsulation) and at this time allows
221 encapsulating of IPv4 or IPv6 over existing IPv4 infrastructure.
222 This driver is useful if the other endpoint is a Cisco router: Cisco
223 likes GRE much better than the other Linux tunneling driver ("IP
224 tunneling" above). In addition, GRE allows multicast redistribution
227 config NET_IPGRE_BROADCAST
228 bool "IP: broadcast GRE over IP"
229 depends on IP_MULTICAST && NET_IPGRE
231 One application of GRE/IP is to construct a broadcast WAN (Wide Area
232 Network), which looks like a normal Ethernet LAN (Local Area
233 Network), but can be distributed all over the Internet. If you want
234 to do that, say Y here and to "IP multicast routing" below.
237 bool "IP: multicast routing"
238 depends on IP_MULTICAST
240 This is used if you want your machine to act as a router for IP
241 packets that have several destination addresses. It is needed on the
242 MBONE, a high bandwidth network on top of the Internet which carries
243 audio and video broadcasts. In order to do that, you would most
244 likely run the program mrouted. Information about the multicast
245 capabilities of the various network cards is contained in
246 <file:Documentation/networking/multicast.txt>. If you haven't heard
247 about it, you don't need it.
250 bool "IP: PIM-SM version 1 support"
253 Kernel side support for Sparse Mode PIM (Protocol Independent
254 Multicast) version 1. This multicast routing protocol is used widely
255 because Cisco supports it. You need special software to use it
256 (pimd-v1). Please see <http://netweb.usc.edu/pim/> for more
257 information about PIM.
259 Say Y if you want to use PIM-SM v1. Note that you can say N here if
260 you just want to use Dense Mode PIM.
263 bool "IP: PIM-SM version 2 support"
266 Kernel side support for Sparse Mode PIM version 2. In order to use
267 this, you need an experimental routing daemon supporting it (pimd or
268 gated-5). This routing protocol is not used widely, so say N unless
269 you want to play with it.
272 bool "IP: ARP daemon support (EXPERIMENTAL)"
273 depends on EXPERIMENTAL
275 Normally, the kernel maintains an internal cache which maps IP
276 addresses to hardware addresses on the local network, so that
277 Ethernet/Token Ring/ etc. frames are sent to the proper address on
278 the physical networking layer. For small networks having a few
279 hundred directly connected hosts or less, keeping this address
280 resolution (ARP) cache inside the kernel works well. However,
281 maintaining an internal ARP cache does not work well for very large
282 switched networks, and will use a lot of kernel memory if TCP/IP
283 connections are made to many machines on the network.
285 If you say Y here, the kernel's internal ARP cache will never grow
286 to more than 256 entries (the oldest entries are expired in a LIFO
287 manner) and communication will be attempted with the user space ARP
288 daemon arpd. Arpd then answers the address resolution request either
289 from its own cache or by asking the net.
291 This code is experimental and also obsolete. If you want to use it,
292 you need to find a version of the daemon arpd on the net somewhere,
293 and you should also say Y to "Kernel/User network link driver",
294 below. If unsure, say N.
297 bool "IP: TCP syncookie support (disabled per default)"
299 Normal TCP/IP networking is open to an attack known as "SYN
300 flooding". This denial-of-service attack prevents legitimate remote
301 users from being able to connect to your computer during an ongoing
302 attack and requires very little work from the attacker, who can
303 operate from anywhere on the Internet.
305 SYN cookies provide protection against this type of attack. If you
306 say Y here, the TCP/IP stack will use a cryptographic challenge
307 protocol known as "SYN cookies" to enable legitimate users to
308 continue to connect, even when your machine is under attack. There
309 is no need for the legitimate users to change their TCP/IP software;
310 SYN cookies work transparently to them. For technical information
311 about SYN cookies, check out <http://cr.yp.to/syncookies.html>.
313 If you are SYN flooded, the source address reported by the kernel is
314 likely to have been forged by the attacker; it is only reported as
315 an aid in tracing the packets to their actual source and should not
316 be taken as absolute truth.
318 SYN cookies may prevent correct error reporting on clients when the
319 server is really overloaded. If this happens frequently better turn
322 If you say Y here, note that SYN cookies aren't enabled by default;
323 you can enable them by saying Y to "/proc file system support" and
324 "Sysctl support" below and executing the command
326 echo 1 >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/tcp_syncookies
328 at boot time after the /proc file system has been mounted.
333 tristate "IP: AH transformation"
340 Support for IPsec AH.
345 tristate "IP: ESP transformation"
348 select CRYPTO_AUTHENC
355 Support for IPsec ESP.
360 tristate "IP: IPComp transformation"
361 select INET_XFRM_TUNNEL
364 Support for IP Payload Compression Protocol (IPComp) (RFC3173),
365 typically needed for IPsec.
369 config INET_XFRM_TUNNEL
378 config INET_XFRM_MODE_TRANSPORT
379 tristate "IP: IPsec transport mode"
383 Support for IPsec transport mode.
387 config INET_XFRM_MODE_TUNNEL
388 tristate "IP: IPsec tunnel mode"
392 Support for IPsec tunnel mode.
396 config INET_XFRM_MODE_BEET
397 tristate "IP: IPsec BEET mode"
401 Support for IPsec BEET mode.
406 tristate "Large Receive Offload (ipv4/tcp)"
409 Support for Large Receive Offload (ipv4/tcp).
414 tristate "INET: socket monitoring interface"
417 Support for INET (TCP, DCCP, etc) socket monitoring interface used by
418 native Linux tools such as ss. ss is included in iproute2, currently
419 downloadable at <http://linux-net.osdl.org/index.php/Iproute2>.
425 def_tristate INET_DIAG
427 menuconfig TCP_CONG_ADVANCED
428 bool "TCP: advanced congestion control"
430 Support for selection of various TCP congestion control
433 Nearly all users can safely say no here, and a safe default
434 selection will be made (CUBIC with new Reno as a fallback).
441 tristate "Binary Increase Congestion (BIC) control"
444 BIC-TCP is a sender-side only change that ensures a linear RTT
445 fairness under large windows while offering both scalability and
446 bounded TCP-friendliness. The protocol combines two schemes
447 called additive increase and binary search increase. When the
448 congestion window is large, additive increase with a large
449 increment ensures linear RTT fairness as well as good
450 scalability. Under small congestion windows, binary search
451 increase provides TCP friendliness.
452 See http://www.csc.ncsu.edu/faculty/rhee/export/bitcp/
454 config TCP_CONG_CUBIC
458 This is version 2.0 of BIC-TCP which uses a cubic growth function
459 among other techniques.
460 See http://www.csc.ncsu.edu/faculty/rhee/export/bitcp/cubic-paper.pdf
462 config TCP_CONG_WESTWOOD
463 tristate "TCP Westwood+"
466 TCP Westwood+ is a sender-side only modification of the TCP Reno
467 protocol stack that optimizes the performance of TCP congestion
468 control. It is based on end-to-end bandwidth estimation to set
469 congestion window and slow start threshold after a congestion
470 episode. Using this estimation, TCP Westwood+ adaptively sets a
471 slow start threshold and a congestion window which takes into
472 account the bandwidth used at the time congestion is experienced.
473 TCP Westwood+ significantly increases fairness wrt TCP Reno in
474 wired networks and throughput over wireless links.
480 H-TCP is a send-side only modifications of the TCP Reno
481 protocol stack that optimizes the performance of TCP
482 congestion control for high speed network links. It uses a
483 modeswitch to change the alpha and beta parameters of TCP Reno
484 based on network conditions and in a way so as to be fair with
485 other Reno and H-TCP flows.
487 config TCP_CONG_HSTCP
488 tristate "High Speed TCP"
489 depends on EXPERIMENTAL
492 Sally Floyd's High Speed TCP (RFC 3649) congestion control.
493 A modification to TCP's congestion control mechanism for use
494 with large congestion windows. A table indicates how much to
495 increase the congestion window by when an ACK is received.
496 For more detail see http://www.icir.org/floyd/hstcp.html
498 config TCP_CONG_HYBLA
499 tristate "TCP-Hybla congestion control algorithm"
500 depends on EXPERIMENTAL
503 TCP-Hybla is a sender-side only change that eliminates penalization of
504 long-RTT, large-bandwidth connections, like when satellite legs are
505 involved, especially when sharing a common bottleneck with normal
506 terrestrial connections.
508 config TCP_CONG_VEGAS
510 depends on EXPERIMENTAL
513 TCP Vegas is a sender-side only change to TCP that anticipates
514 the onset of congestion by estimating the bandwidth. TCP Vegas
515 adjusts the sending rate by modifying the congestion
516 window. TCP Vegas should provide less packet loss, but it is
517 not as aggressive as TCP Reno.
519 config TCP_CONG_SCALABLE
520 tristate "Scalable TCP"
521 depends on EXPERIMENTAL
524 Scalable TCP is a sender-side only change to TCP which uses a
525 MIMD congestion control algorithm which has some nice scaling
526 properties, though is known to have fairness issues.
527 See http://www.deneholme.net/tom/scalable/
530 tristate "TCP Low Priority"
531 depends on EXPERIMENTAL
534 TCP Low Priority (TCP-LP), a distributed algorithm whose goal is
535 to utilize only the excess network bandwidth as compared to the
536 ``fair share`` of bandwidth as targeted by TCP.
537 See http://www-ece.rice.edu/networks/TCP-LP/
541 depends on EXPERIMENTAL
544 TCP Veno is a sender-side only enhancement of TCP to obtain better
545 throughput over wireless networks. TCP Veno makes use of state
546 distinguishing to circumvent the difficult judgment of the packet loss
547 type. TCP Veno cuts down less congestion window in response to random
549 See http://www.ntu.edu.sg/home5/ZHOU0022/papers/CPFu03a.pdf
553 depends on EXPERIMENTAL
554 select TCP_CONG_VEGAS
557 YeAH-TCP is a sender-side high-speed enabled TCP congestion control
558 algorithm, which uses a mixed loss/delay approach to compute the
559 congestion window. It's design goals target high efficiency,
560 internal, RTT and Reno fairness, resilience to link loss while
561 keeping network elements load as low as possible.
563 For further details look here:
564 http://wil.cs.caltech.edu/pfldnet2007/paper/YeAH_TCP.pdf
566 config TCP_CONG_ILLINOIS
567 tristate "TCP Illinois"
568 depends on EXPERIMENTAL
571 TCP-Illinois is a sender-side modification of TCP Reno for
572 high speed long delay links. It uses round-trip-time to
573 adjust the alpha and beta parameters to achieve a higher average
574 throughput and maintain fairness.
576 For further details see:
577 http://www.ews.uiuc.edu/~shaoliu/tcpillinois/index.html
580 prompt "Default TCP congestion control"
581 default DEFAULT_CUBIC
583 Select the TCP congestion control that will be used by default
587 bool "Bic" if TCP_CONG_BIC=y
590 bool "Cubic" if TCP_CONG_CUBIC=y
593 bool "Htcp" if TCP_CONG_HTCP=y
596 bool "Vegas" if TCP_CONG_VEGAS=y
598 config DEFAULT_WESTWOOD
599 bool "Westwood" if TCP_CONG_WESTWOOD=y
608 config TCP_CONG_CUBIC
610 depends on !TCP_CONG_ADVANCED
613 config DEFAULT_TCP_CONG
615 default "bic" if DEFAULT_BIC
616 default "cubic" if DEFAULT_CUBIC
617 default "htcp" if DEFAULT_HTCP
618 default "vegas" if DEFAULT_VEGAS
619 default "westwood" if DEFAULT_WESTWOOD
620 default "reno" if DEFAULT_RENO
624 bool "TCP: MD5 Signature Option support (RFC2385) (EXPERIMENTAL)"
625 depends on EXPERIMENTAL
629 RFC2385 specifies a method of giving MD5 protection to TCP sessions.
630 Its main (only?) use is to protect BGP sessions between core routers