2 * Copyright (C) 1995 Linus Torvalds
4 * Pentium III FXSR, SSE support
5 * Gareth Hughes <gareth@valinux.com>, May 2000
10 * CPU hotplug support - ashok.raj@intel.com
14 * This file handles the architecture-dependent parts of process handling..
19 #include <linux/stackprotector.h>
20 #include <linux/cpu.h>
21 #include <linux/errno.h>
22 #include <linux/sched.h>
24 #include <linux/kernel.h>
26 #include <linux/elfcore.h>
27 #include <linux/smp.h>
28 #include <linux/slab.h>
29 #include <linux/user.h>
30 #include <linux/interrupt.h>
31 #include <linux/utsname.h>
32 #include <linux/delay.h>
33 #include <linux/module.h>
34 #include <linux/ptrace.h>
35 #include <linux/random.h>
36 #include <linux/notifier.h>
37 #include <linux/kprobes.h>
38 #include <linux/kdebug.h>
39 #include <linux/tick.h>
40 #include <linux/prctl.h>
41 #include <linux/uaccess.h>
43 #include <linux/ftrace.h>
44 #include <linux/dmi.h>
46 #include <asm/pgtable.h>
47 #include <asm/system.h>
48 #include <asm/processor.h>
50 #include <asm/mmu_context.h>
51 #include <asm/prctl.h>
53 #include <asm/proto.h>
56 #include <asm/syscalls.h>
59 asmlinkage
extern void ret_from_fork(void);
61 DEFINE_PER_CPU(struct task_struct
*, current_task
) = &init_task
;
62 EXPORT_PER_CPU_SYMBOL(current_task
);
64 DEFINE_PER_CPU(unsigned long, old_rsp
);
65 static DEFINE_PER_CPU(unsigned char, is_idle
);
67 unsigned long kernel_thread_flags
= CLONE_VM
| CLONE_UNTRACED
;
69 static ATOMIC_NOTIFIER_HEAD(idle_notifier
);
71 void idle_notifier_register(struct notifier_block
*n
)
73 atomic_notifier_chain_register(&idle_notifier
, n
);
75 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(idle_notifier_register
);
77 void idle_notifier_unregister(struct notifier_block
*n
)
79 atomic_notifier_chain_unregister(&idle_notifier
, n
);
81 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(idle_notifier_unregister
);
85 percpu_write(is_idle
, 1);
86 atomic_notifier_call_chain(&idle_notifier
, IDLE_START
, NULL
);
89 static void __exit_idle(void)
91 if (x86_test_and_clear_bit_percpu(0, is_idle
) == 0)
93 atomic_notifier_call_chain(&idle_notifier
, IDLE_END
, NULL
);
96 /* Called from interrupts to signify idle end */
99 /* idle loop has pid 0 */
106 static inline void play_dead(void)
113 * The idle thread. There's no useful work to be
114 * done, so just try to conserve power and have a
115 * low exit latency (ie sit in a loop waiting for
116 * somebody to say that they'd like to reschedule)
120 current_thread_info()->status
|= TS_POLLING
;
123 * If we're the non-boot CPU, nothing set the stack canary up
124 * for us. CPU0 already has it initialized but no harm in
125 * doing it again. This is a good place for updating it, as
126 * we wont ever return from this function (so the invalid
127 * canaries already on the stack wont ever trigger).
129 boot_init_stack_canary();
131 /* endless idle loop with no priority at all */
133 tick_nohz_stop_sched_tick(1);
134 while (!need_resched()) {
138 if (cpu_is_offline(smp_processor_id()))
141 * Idle routines should keep interrupts disabled
142 * from here on, until they go to idle.
143 * Otherwise, idle callbacks can misfire.
147 /* Don't trace irqs off for idle */
148 stop_critical_timings();
150 start_critical_timings();
151 /* In many cases the interrupt that ended idle
152 has already called exit_idle. But some idle
153 loops can be woken up without interrupt. */
157 tick_nohz_restart_sched_tick();
158 preempt_enable_no_resched();
164 /* Prints also some state that isn't saved in the pt_regs */
165 void __show_regs(struct pt_regs
*regs
, int all
)
167 unsigned long cr0
= 0L, cr2
= 0L, cr3
= 0L, cr4
= 0L, fs
, gs
, shadowgs
;
168 unsigned long d0
, d1
, d2
, d3
, d6
, d7
;
169 unsigned int fsindex
, gsindex
;
170 unsigned int ds
, cs
, es
;
175 board
= dmi_get_system_info(DMI_PRODUCT_NAME
);
178 printk(KERN_INFO
"Pid: %d, comm: %.20s %s %s %.*s %s\n",
179 current
->pid
, current
->comm
, print_tainted(),
180 init_utsname()->release
,
181 (int)strcspn(init_utsname()->version
, " "),
182 init_utsname()->version
, board
);
183 printk(KERN_INFO
"RIP: %04lx:[<%016lx>] ", regs
->cs
& 0xffff, regs
->ip
);
184 printk_address(regs
->ip
, 1);
185 printk(KERN_INFO
"RSP: %04lx:%016lx EFLAGS: %08lx\n", regs
->ss
,
186 regs
->sp
, regs
->flags
);
187 printk(KERN_INFO
"RAX: %016lx RBX: %016lx RCX: %016lx\n",
188 regs
->ax
, regs
->bx
, regs
->cx
);
189 printk(KERN_INFO
"RDX: %016lx RSI: %016lx RDI: %016lx\n",
190 regs
->dx
, regs
->si
, regs
->di
);
191 printk(KERN_INFO
"RBP: %016lx R08: %016lx R09: %016lx\n",
192 regs
->bp
, regs
->r8
, regs
->r9
);
193 printk(KERN_INFO
"R10: %016lx R11: %016lx R12: %016lx\n",
194 regs
->r10
, regs
->r11
, regs
->r12
);
195 printk(KERN_INFO
"R13: %016lx R14: %016lx R15: %016lx\n",
196 regs
->r13
, regs
->r14
, regs
->r15
);
198 asm("movl %%ds,%0" : "=r" (ds
));
199 asm("movl %%cs,%0" : "=r" (cs
));
200 asm("movl %%es,%0" : "=r" (es
));
201 asm("movl %%fs,%0" : "=r" (fsindex
));
202 asm("movl %%gs,%0" : "=r" (gsindex
));
204 rdmsrl(MSR_FS_BASE
, fs
);
205 rdmsrl(MSR_GS_BASE
, gs
);
206 rdmsrl(MSR_KERNEL_GS_BASE
, shadowgs
);
216 printk(KERN_INFO
"FS: %016lx(%04x) GS:%016lx(%04x) knlGS:%016lx\n",
217 fs
, fsindex
, gs
, gsindex
, shadowgs
);
218 printk(KERN_INFO
"CS: %04x DS: %04x ES: %04x CR0: %016lx\n", cs
, ds
,
220 printk(KERN_INFO
"CR2: %016lx CR3: %016lx CR4: %016lx\n", cr2
, cr3
,
226 printk(KERN_INFO
"DR0: %016lx DR1: %016lx DR2: %016lx\n", d0
, d1
, d2
);
230 printk(KERN_INFO
"DR3: %016lx DR6: %016lx DR7: %016lx\n", d3
, d6
, d7
);
233 void show_regs(struct pt_regs
*regs
)
235 printk(KERN_INFO
"CPU %d:", smp_processor_id());
236 __show_regs(regs
, 1);
237 show_trace(NULL
, regs
, (void *)(regs
+ 1), regs
->bp
);
240 void release_thread(struct task_struct
*dead_task
)
243 if (dead_task
->mm
->context
.size
) {
244 printk("WARNING: dead process %8s still has LDT? <%p/%d>\n",
246 dead_task
->mm
->context
.ldt
,
247 dead_task
->mm
->context
.size
);
253 static inline void set_32bit_tls(struct task_struct
*t
, int tls
, u32 addr
)
255 struct user_desc ud
= {
262 struct desc_struct
*desc
= t
->thread
.tls_array
;
267 static inline u32
read_32bit_tls(struct task_struct
*t
, int tls
)
269 return get_desc_base(&t
->thread
.tls_array
[tls
]);
273 * This gets called before we allocate a new thread and copy
274 * the current task into it.
276 void prepare_to_copy(struct task_struct
*tsk
)
281 int copy_thread(unsigned long clone_flags
, unsigned long sp
,
282 unsigned long unused
,
283 struct task_struct
*p
, struct pt_regs
*regs
)
286 struct pt_regs
*childregs
;
287 struct task_struct
*me
= current
;
289 childregs
= ((struct pt_regs
*)
290 (THREAD_SIZE
+ task_stack_page(p
))) - 1;
296 childregs
->sp
= (unsigned long)childregs
;
298 p
->thread
.sp
= (unsigned long) childregs
;
299 p
->thread
.sp0
= (unsigned long) (childregs
+1);
300 p
->thread
.usersp
= me
->thread
.usersp
;
302 set_tsk_thread_flag(p
, TIF_FORK
);
304 p
->thread
.fs
= me
->thread
.fs
;
305 p
->thread
.gs
= me
->thread
.gs
;
307 savesegment(gs
, p
->thread
.gsindex
);
308 savesegment(fs
, p
->thread
.fsindex
);
309 savesegment(es
, p
->thread
.es
);
310 savesegment(ds
, p
->thread
.ds
);
312 if (unlikely(test_tsk_thread_flag(me
, TIF_IO_BITMAP
))) {
313 p
->thread
.io_bitmap_ptr
= kmalloc(IO_BITMAP_BYTES
, GFP_KERNEL
);
314 if (!p
->thread
.io_bitmap_ptr
) {
315 p
->thread
.io_bitmap_max
= 0;
318 memcpy(p
->thread
.io_bitmap_ptr
, me
->thread
.io_bitmap_ptr
,
320 set_tsk_thread_flag(p
, TIF_IO_BITMAP
);
324 * Set a new TLS for the child thread?
326 if (clone_flags
& CLONE_SETTLS
) {
327 #ifdef CONFIG_IA32_EMULATION
328 if (test_thread_flag(TIF_IA32
))
329 err
= do_set_thread_area(p
, -1,
330 (struct user_desc __user
*)childregs
->si
, 0);
333 err
= do_arch_prctl(p
, ARCH_SET_FS
, childregs
->r8
);
338 ds_copy_thread(p
, me
);
340 clear_tsk_thread_flag(p
, TIF_DEBUGCTLMSR
);
341 p
->thread
.debugctlmsr
= 0;
345 if (err
&& p
->thread
.io_bitmap_ptr
) {
346 kfree(p
->thread
.io_bitmap_ptr
);
347 p
->thread
.io_bitmap_max
= 0;
353 start_thread(struct pt_regs
*regs
, unsigned long new_ip
, unsigned long new_sp
)
361 percpu_write(old_rsp
, new_sp
);
362 regs
->cs
= __USER_CS
;
363 regs
->ss
= __USER_DS
;
367 * Free the old FP and other extended state
369 free_thread_xstate(current
);
371 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(start_thread
);
374 * switch_to(x,y) should switch tasks from x to y.
376 * This could still be optimized:
377 * - fold all the options into a flag word and test it with a single test.
378 * - could test fs/gs bitsliced
380 * Kprobes not supported here. Set the probe on schedule instead.
381 * Function graph tracer not supported too.
383 __notrace_funcgraph
struct task_struct
*
384 __switch_to(struct task_struct
*prev_p
, struct task_struct
*next_p
)
386 struct thread_struct
*prev
= &prev_p
->thread
;
387 struct thread_struct
*next
= &next_p
->thread
;
388 int cpu
= smp_processor_id();
389 struct tss_struct
*tss
= &per_cpu(init_tss
, cpu
);
390 unsigned fsindex
, gsindex
;
392 /* we're going to use this soon, after a few expensive things */
393 if (next_p
->fpu_counter
> 5)
394 prefetch(next
->xstate
);
397 * Reload esp0, LDT and the page table pointer:
403 * This won't pick up thread selector changes, but I guess that is ok.
405 savesegment(es
, prev
->es
);
406 if (unlikely(next
->es
| prev
->es
))
407 loadsegment(es
, next
->es
);
409 savesegment(ds
, prev
->ds
);
410 if (unlikely(next
->ds
| prev
->ds
))
411 loadsegment(ds
, next
->ds
);
414 /* We must save %fs and %gs before load_TLS() because
415 * %fs and %gs may be cleared by load_TLS().
417 * (e.g. xen_load_tls())
419 savesegment(fs
, fsindex
);
420 savesegment(gs
, gsindex
);
425 * Leave lazy mode, flushing any hypercalls made here.
426 * This must be done before restoring TLS segments so
427 * the GDT and LDT are properly updated, and must be
428 * done before math_state_restore, so the TS bit is up
431 arch_leave_lazy_cpu_mode();
436 * Segment register != 0 always requires a reload. Also
437 * reload when it has changed. When prev process used 64bit
438 * base always reload to avoid an information leak.
440 if (unlikely(fsindex
| next
->fsindex
| prev
->fs
)) {
441 loadsegment(fs
, next
->fsindex
);
443 * Check if the user used a selector != 0; if yes
444 * clear 64bit base, since overloaded base is always
445 * mapped to the Null selector
450 /* when next process has a 64bit base use it */
452 wrmsrl(MSR_FS_BASE
, next
->fs
);
453 prev
->fsindex
= fsindex
;
455 if (unlikely(gsindex
| next
->gsindex
| prev
->gs
)) {
456 load_gs_index(next
->gsindex
);
461 wrmsrl(MSR_KERNEL_GS_BASE
, next
->gs
);
462 prev
->gsindex
= gsindex
;
464 /* Must be after DS reload */
468 * Switch the PDA and FPU contexts.
470 prev
->usersp
= percpu_read(old_rsp
);
471 percpu_write(old_rsp
, next
->usersp
);
472 percpu_write(current_task
, next_p
);
474 percpu_write(kernel_stack
,
475 (unsigned long)task_stack_page(next_p
) +
476 THREAD_SIZE
- KERNEL_STACK_OFFSET
);
479 * Now maybe reload the debug registers and handle I/O bitmaps
481 if (unlikely(task_thread_info(next_p
)->flags
& _TIF_WORK_CTXSW_NEXT
||
482 task_thread_info(prev_p
)->flags
& _TIF_WORK_CTXSW_PREV
))
483 __switch_to_xtra(prev_p
, next_p
, tss
);
485 /* If the task has used fpu the last 5 timeslices, just do a full
486 * restore of the math state immediately to avoid the trap; the
487 * chances of needing FPU soon are obviously high now
489 * tsk_used_math() checks prevent calling math_state_restore(),
490 * which can sleep in the case of !tsk_used_math()
492 if (tsk_used_math(next_p
) && next_p
->fpu_counter
> 5)
493 math_state_restore();
498 * sys_execve() executes a new program.
501 long sys_execve(char __user
*name
, char __user
* __user
*argv
,
502 char __user
* __user
*envp
, struct pt_regs
*regs
)
507 filename
= getname(name
);
508 error
= PTR_ERR(filename
);
509 if (IS_ERR(filename
))
511 error
= do_execve(filename
, argv
, envp
, regs
);
516 void set_personality_64bit(void)
518 /* inherit personality from parent */
520 /* Make sure to be in 64bit mode */
521 clear_thread_flag(TIF_IA32
);
523 /* TBD: overwrites user setup. Should have two bits.
524 But 64bit processes have always behaved this way,
525 so it's not too bad. The main problem is just that
526 32bit childs are affected again. */
527 current
->personality
&= ~READ_IMPLIES_EXEC
;
531 sys_clone(unsigned long clone_flags
, unsigned long newsp
,
532 void __user
*parent_tid
, void __user
*child_tid
, struct pt_regs
*regs
)
536 return do_fork(clone_flags
, newsp
, regs
, 0, parent_tid
, child_tid
);
539 unsigned long get_wchan(struct task_struct
*p
)
545 if (!p
|| p
== current
|| p
->state
== TASK_RUNNING
)
547 stack
= (unsigned long)task_stack_page(p
);
548 if (p
->thread
.sp
< stack
|| p
->thread
.sp
>= stack
+THREAD_SIZE
)
550 fp
= *(u64
*)(p
->thread
.sp
);
552 if (fp
< (unsigned long)stack
||
553 fp
>= (unsigned long)stack
+THREAD_SIZE
)
556 if (!in_sched_functions(ip
))
559 } while (count
++ < 16);
563 long do_arch_prctl(struct task_struct
*task
, int code
, unsigned long addr
)
566 int doit
= task
== current
;
571 if (addr
>= TASK_SIZE_OF(task
))
574 /* handle small bases via the GDT because that's faster to
576 if (addr
<= 0xffffffff) {
577 set_32bit_tls(task
, GS_TLS
, addr
);
579 load_TLS(&task
->thread
, cpu
);
580 load_gs_index(GS_TLS_SEL
);
582 task
->thread
.gsindex
= GS_TLS_SEL
;
585 task
->thread
.gsindex
= 0;
586 task
->thread
.gs
= addr
;
589 ret
= checking_wrmsrl(MSR_KERNEL_GS_BASE
, addr
);
595 /* Not strictly needed for fs, but do it for symmetry
597 if (addr
>= TASK_SIZE_OF(task
))
600 /* handle small bases via the GDT because that's faster to
602 if (addr
<= 0xffffffff) {
603 set_32bit_tls(task
, FS_TLS
, addr
);
605 load_TLS(&task
->thread
, cpu
);
606 loadsegment(fs
, FS_TLS_SEL
);
608 task
->thread
.fsindex
= FS_TLS_SEL
;
611 task
->thread
.fsindex
= 0;
612 task
->thread
.fs
= addr
;
614 /* set the selector to 0 to not confuse
617 ret
= checking_wrmsrl(MSR_FS_BASE
, addr
);
624 if (task
->thread
.fsindex
== FS_TLS_SEL
)
625 base
= read_32bit_tls(task
, FS_TLS
);
627 rdmsrl(MSR_FS_BASE
, base
);
629 base
= task
->thread
.fs
;
630 ret
= put_user(base
, (unsigned long __user
*)addr
);
636 if (task
->thread
.gsindex
== GS_TLS_SEL
)
637 base
= read_32bit_tls(task
, GS_TLS
);
639 savesegment(gs
, gsindex
);
641 rdmsrl(MSR_KERNEL_GS_BASE
, base
);
643 base
= task
->thread
.gs
;
645 base
= task
->thread
.gs
;
646 ret
= put_user(base
, (unsigned long __user
*)addr
);
658 long sys_arch_prctl(int code
, unsigned long addr
)
660 return do_arch_prctl(current
, code
, addr
);
663 unsigned long arch_align_stack(unsigned long sp
)
665 if (!(current
->personality
& ADDR_NO_RANDOMIZE
) && randomize_va_space
)
666 sp
-= get_random_int() % 8192;
670 unsigned long arch_randomize_brk(struct mm_struct
*mm
)
672 unsigned long range_end
= mm
->brk
+ 0x02000000;
673 return randomize_range(mm
->brk
, range_end
, 0) ? : mm
->brk
;