1 Accessing PCI device resources through sysfs
2 --------------------------------------------
4 sysfs, usually mounted at /sys, provides access to PCI resources on platforms
5 that support it. For example, a given bus might look like this:
7 /sys/devices/pci0000:17
19 | |-- subsystem_device
20 | |-- subsystem_vendor
24 The topmost element describes the PCI domain and bus number. In this case,
25 the domain number is 0000 and the bus number is 17 (both values are in hex).
26 This bus contains a single function device in slot 0. The domain and bus
27 numbers are reproduced for convenience. Under the device directory are several
28 files, each with their own function.
32 class PCI class (ascii, ro)
33 config PCI config space (binary, rw)
34 device PCI device (ascii, ro)
35 irq IRQ number (ascii, ro)
36 local_cpus nearby CPU mask (cpumask, ro)
37 resource PCI resource host addresses (ascii, ro)
38 resource0..N PCI resource N, if present (binary, mmap)
39 resource0_wc..N_wc PCI WC map resource N, if prefetchable (binary, mmap)
40 rom PCI ROM resource, if present (binary, ro)
41 subsystem_device PCI subsystem device (ascii, ro)
42 subsystem_vendor PCI subsystem vendor (ascii, ro)
43 vendor PCI vendor (ascii, ro)
46 rw - file is readable and writable
47 mmap - file is mmapable
48 ascii - file contains ascii text
49 binary - file contains binary data
50 cpumask - file contains a cpumask type
52 The read only files are informational, writes to them will be ignored, with
53 the exception of the 'rom' file. Writable files can be used to perform
54 actions on the device (e.g. changing config space, detaching a device).
55 mmapable files are available via an mmap of the file at offset 0 and can be
56 used to do actual device programming from userspace. Note that some platforms
57 don't support mmapping of certain resources, so be sure to check the return
58 value from any attempted mmap.
60 The 'rom' file is special in that it provides read-only access to the device's
61 ROM file, if available. It's disabled by default, however, so applications
62 should write the string "1" to the file to enable it before attempting a read
63 call, and disable it following the access by writing "0" to the file.
65 Accessing legacy resources through sysfs
66 ----------------------------------------
68 Legacy I/O port and ISA memory resources are also provided in sysfs if the
69 underlying platform supports them. They're located in the PCI class hierarchy,
72 /sys/class/pci_bus/0000:17/
73 |-- bridge -> ../../../devices/pci0000:17
78 The legacy_io file is a read/write file that can be used by applications to
79 do legacy port I/O. The application should open the file, seek to the desired
80 port (e.g. 0x3e8) and do a read or a write of 1, 2 or 4 bytes. The legacy_mem
81 file should be mmapped with an offset corresponding to the memory offset
82 desired, e.g. 0xa0000 for the VGA frame buffer. The application can then
83 simply dereference the returned pointer (after checking for errors of course)
84 to access legacy memory space.
86 Supporting PCI access on new platforms
87 --------------------------------------
89 In order to support PCI resource mapping as described above, Linux platform
90 code must define HAVE_PCI_MMAP and provide a pci_mmap_page_range function.
91 Platforms are free to only support subsets of the mmap functionality, but
92 useful return codes should be provided.
94 Legacy resources are protected by the HAVE_PCI_LEGACY define. Platforms
95 wishing to support legacy functionality should define it and provide
96 pci_legacy_read, pci_legacy_write and pci_mmap_legacy_page_range functions.