2 * INET An implementation of the TCP/IP protocol suite for the LINUX
3 * operating system. INET is implemented using the BSD Socket
4 * interface as the means of communication with the user level.
6 * Implementation of the Transmission Control Protocol(TCP).
9 * Fred N. van Kempen, <waltje@uWalt.NL.Mugnet.ORG>
10 * Mark Evans, <evansmp@uhura.aston.ac.uk>
11 * Corey Minyard <wf-rch!minyard@relay.EU.net>
12 * Florian La Roche, <flla@stud.uni-sb.de>
13 * Charles Hedrick, <hedrick@klinzhai.rutgers.edu>
14 * Linus Torvalds, <torvalds@cs.helsinki.fi>
15 * Alan Cox, <gw4pts@gw4pts.ampr.org>
16 * Matthew Dillon, <dillon@apollo.west.oic.com>
17 * Arnt Gulbrandsen, <agulbra@nvg.unit.no>
18 * Jorge Cwik, <jorge@laser.satlink.net>
21 #include <linux/module.h>
24 int sysctl_tcp_syn_retries __read_mostly
= TCP_SYN_RETRIES
;
25 int sysctl_tcp_synack_retries __read_mostly
= TCP_SYNACK_RETRIES
;
26 int sysctl_tcp_keepalive_time __read_mostly
= TCP_KEEPALIVE_TIME
;
27 int sysctl_tcp_keepalive_probes __read_mostly
= TCP_KEEPALIVE_PROBES
;
28 int sysctl_tcp_keepalive_intvl __read_mostly
= TCP_KEEPALIVE_INTVL
;
29 int sysctl_tcp_retries1 __read_mostly
= TCP_RETR1
;
30 int sysctl_tcp_retries2 __read_mostly
= TCP_RETR2
;
31 int sysctl_tcp_orphan_retries __read_mostly
;
33 static void tcp_write_timer(unsigned long);
34 static void tcp_delack_timer(unsigned long);
35 static void tcp_keepalive_timer (unsigned long data
);
37 void tcp_init_xmit_timers(struct sock
*sk
)
39 inet_csk_init_xmit_timers(sk
, &tcp_write_timer
, &tcp_delack_timer
,
40 &tcp_keepalive_timer
);
43 EXPORT_SYMBOL(tcp_init_xmit_timers
);
45 static void tcp_write_err(struct sock
*sk
)
47 sk
->sk_err
= sk
->sk_err_soft
? : ETIMEDOUT
;
48 sk
->sk_error_report(sk
);
51 NET_INC_STATS_BH(sock_net(sk
), LINUX_MIB_TCPABORTONTIMEOUT
);
54 /* Do not allow orphaned sockets to eat all our resources.
55 * This is direct violation of TCP specs, but it is required
56 * to prevent DoS attacks. It is called when a retransmission timeout
57 * or zero probe timeout occurs on orphaned socket.
59 * Criteria is still not confirmed experimentally and may change.
60 * We kill the socket, if:
61 * 1. If number of orphaned sockets exceeds an administratively configured
63 * 2. If we have strong memory pressure.
65 static int tcp_out_of_resources(struct sock
*sk
, int do_reset
)
67 struct tcp_sock
*tp
= tcp_sk(sk
);
68 int orphans
= percpu_counter_read_positive(&tcp_orphan_count
);
70 /* If peer does not open window for long time, or did not transmit
71 * anything for long time, penalize it. */
72 if ((s32
)(tcp_time_stamp
- tp
->lsndtime
) > 2*TCP_RTO_MAX
|| !do_reset
)
75 /* If some dubious ICMP arrived, penalize even more. */
79 if (tcp_too_many_orphans(sk
, orphans
)) {
81 printk(KERN_INFO
"Out of socket memory\n");
83 /* Catch exceptional cases, when connection requires reset.
84 * 1. Last segment was sent recently. */
85 if ((s32
)(tcp_time_stamp
- tp
->lsndtime
) <= TCP_TIMEWAIT_LEN
||
86 /* 2. Window is closed. */
87 (!tp
->snd_wnd
&& !tp
->packets_out
))
90 tcp_send_active_reset(sk
, GFP_ATOMIC
);
92 NET_INC_STATS_BH(sock_net(sk
), LINUX_MIB_TCPABORTONMEMORY
);
98 /* Calculate maximal number or retries on an orphaned socket. */
99 static int tcp_orphan_retries(struct sock
*sk
, int alive
)
101 int retries
= sysctl_tcp_orphan_retries
; /* May be zero. */
103 /* We know from an ICMP that something is wrong. */
104 if (sk
->sk_err_soft
&& !alive
)
107 /* However, if socket sent something recently, select some safe
108 * number of retries. 8 corresponds to >100 seconds with minimal
110 if (retries
== 0 && alive
)
115 static void tcp_mtu_probing(struct inet_connection_sock
*icsk
, struct sock
*sk
)
117 /* Black hole detection */
118 if (sysctl_tcp_mtu_probing
) {
119 if (!icsk
->icsk_mtup
.enabled
) {
120 icsk
->icsk_mtup
.enabled
= 1;
121 tcp_sync_mss(sk
, icsk
->icsk_pmtu_cookie
);
123 struct tcp_sock
*tp
= tcp_sk(sk
);
126 mss
= tcp_mtu_to_mss(sk
, icsk
->icsk_mtup
.search_low
) >> 1;
127 mss
= min(sysctl_tcp_base_mss
, mss
);
128 mss
= max(mss
, 68 - tp
->tcp_header_len
);
129 icsk
->icsk_mtup
.search_low
= tcp_mss_to_mtu(sk
, mss
);
130 tcp_sync_mss(sk
, icsk
->icsk_pmtu_cookie
);
135 /* A write timeout has occurred. Process the after effects. */
136 static int tcp_write_timeout(struct sock
*sk
)
138 struct inet_connection_sock
*icsk
= inet_csk(sk
);
141 if ((1 << sk
->sk_state
) & (TCPF_SYN_SENT
| TCPF_SYN_RECV
)) {
142 if (icsk
->icsk_retransmits
)
143 dst_negative_advice(&sk
->sk_dst_cache
);
144 retry_until
= icsk
->icsk_syn_retries
? : sysctl_tcp_syn_retries
;
146 if (icsk
->icsk_retransmits
>= sysctl_tcp_retries1
) {
147 /* Black hole detection */
148 tcp_mtu_probing(icsk
, sk
);
150 dst_negative_advice(&sk
->sk_dst_cache
);
153 retry_until
= sysctl_tcp_retries2
;
154 if (sock_flag(sk
, SOCK_DEAD
)) {
155 const int alive
= (icsk
->icsk_rto
< TCP_RTO_MAX
);
157 retry_until
= tcp_orphan_retries(sk
, alive
);
159 if (tcp_out_of_resources(sk
, alive
|| icsk
->icsk_retransmits
< retry_until
))
164 if (icsk
->icsk_retransmits
>= retry_until
) {
165 /* Has it gone just too far? */
172 static void tcp_delack_timer(unsigned long data
)
174 struct sock
*sk
= (struct sock
*)data
;
175 struct tcp_sock
*tp
= tcp_sk(sk
);
176 struct inet_connection_sock
*icsk
= inet_csk(sk
);
179 if (sock_owned_by_user(sk
)) {
180 /* Try again later. */
181 icsk
->icsk_ack
.blocked
= 1;
182 NET_INC_STATS_BH(sock_net(sk
), LINUX_MIB_DELAYEDACKLOCKED
);
183 sk_reset_timer(sk
, &icsk
->icsk_delack_timer
, jiffies
+ TCP_DELACK_MIN
);
187 sk_mem_reclaim_partial(sk
);
189 if (sk
->sk_state
== TCP_CLOSE
|| !(icsk
->icsk_ack
.pending
& ICSK_ACK_TIMER
))
192 if (time_after(icsk
->icsk_ack
.timeout
, jiffies
)) {
193 sk_reset_timer(sk
, &icsk
->icsk_delack_timer
, icsk
->icsk_ack
.timeout
);
196 icsk
->icsk_ack
.pending
&= ~ICSK_ACK_TIMER
;
198 if (!skb_queue_empty(&tp
->ucopy
.prequeue
)) {
201 NET_INC_STATS_BH(sock_net(sk
), LINUX_MIB_TCPSCHEDULERFAILED
);
203 while ((skb
= __skb_dequeue(&tp
->ucopy
.prequeue
)) != NULL
)
204 sk_backlog_rcv(sk
, skb
);
206 tp
->ucopy
.memory
= 0;
209 if (inet_csk_ack_scheduled(sk
)) {
210 if (!icsk
->icsk_ack
.pingpong
) {
211 /* Delayed ACK missed: inflate ATO. */
212 icsk
->icsk_ack
.ato
= min(icsk
->icsk_ack
.ato
<< 1, icsk
->icsk_rto
);
214 /* Delayed ACK missed: leave pingpong mode and
217 icsk
->icsk_ack
.pingpong
= 0;
218 icsk
->icsk_ack
.ato
= TCP_ATO_MIN
;
221 NET_INC_STATS_BH(sock_net(sk
), LINUX_MIB_DELAYEDACKS
);
226 if (tcp_memory_pressure
)
233 static void tcp_probe_timer(struct sock
*sk
)
235 struct inet_connection_sock
*icsk
= inet_csk(sk
);
236 struct tcp_sock
*tp
= tcp_sk(sk
);
239 if (tp
->packets_out
|| !tcp_send_head(sk
)) {
240 icsk
->icsk_probes_out
= 0;
244 /* *WARNING* RFC 1122 forbids this
246 * It doesn't AFAIK, because we kill the retransmit timer -AK
248 * FIXME: We ought not to do it, Solaris 2.5 actually has fixing
249 * this behaviour in Solaris down as a bug fix. [AC]
251 * Let me to explain. icsk_probes_out is zeroed by incoming ACKs
252 * even if they advertise zero window. Hence, connection is killed only
253 * if we received no ACKs for normal connection timeout. It is not killed
254 * only because window stays zero for some time, window may be zero
255 * until armageddon and even later. We are in full accordance
256 * with RFCs, only probe timer combines both retransmission timeout
257 * and probe timeout in one bottle. --ANK
259 max_probes
= sysctl_tcp_retries2
;
261 if (sock_flag(sk
, SOCK_DEAD
)) {
262 const int alive
= ((icsk
->icsk_rto
<< icsk
->icsk_backoff
) < TCP_RTO_MAX
);
264 max_probes
= tcp_orphan_retries(sk
, alive
);
266 if (tcp_out_of_resources(sk
, alive
|| icsk
->icsk_probes_out
<= max_probes
))
270 if (icsk
->icsk_probes_out
> max_probes
) {
273 /* Only send another probe if we didn't close things up. */
279 * The TCP retransmit timer.
282 static void tcp_retransmit_timer(struct sock
*sk
)
284 struct tcp_sock
*tp
= tcp_sk(sk
);
285 struct inet_connection_sock
*icsk
= inet_csk(sk
);
287 if (!tp
->packets_out
)
290 WARN_ON(tcp_write_queue_empty(sk
));
292 if (!tp
->snd_wnd
&& !sock_flag(sk
, SOCK_DEAD
) &&
293 !((1 << sk
->sk_state
) & (TCPF_SYN_SENT
| TCPF_SYN_RECV
))) {
294 /* Receiver dastardly shrinks window. Our retransmits
295 * become zero probes, but we should not timeout this
296 * connection. If the socket is an orphan, time it out,
297 * we cannot allow such beasts to hang infinitely.
300 struct inet_sock
*inet
= inet_sk(sk
);
301 if (sk
->sk_family
== AF_INET
) {
302 LIMIT_NETDEBUG(KERN_DEBUG
"TCP: Peer %pI4:%u/%u unexpectedly shrunk window %u:%u (repaired)\n",
303 &inet
->daddr
, ntohs(inet
->dport
),
304 inet
->num
, tp
->snd_una
, tp
->snd_nxt
);
306 #if defined(CONFIG_IPV6) || defined(CONFIG_IPV6_MODULE)
307 else if (sk
->sk_family
== AF_INET6
) {
308 struct ipv6_pinfo
*np
= inet6_sk(sk
);
309 LIMIT_NETDEBUG(KERN_DEBUG
"TCP: Peer %pI6:%u/%u unexpectedly shrunk window %u:%u (repaired)\n",
310 &np
->daddr
, ntohs(inet
->dport
),
311 inet
->num
, tp
->snd_una
, tp
->snd_nxt
);
315 if (tcp_time_stamp
- tp
->rcv_tstamp
> TCP_RTO_MAX
) {
319 tcp_enter_loss(sk
, 0);
320 tcp_retransmit_skb(sk
, tcp_write_queue_head(sk
));
322 goto out_reset_timer
;
325 if (tcp_write_timeout(sk
))
328 if (icsk
->icsk_retransmits
== 0) {
331 if (icsk
->icsk_ca_state
== TCP_CA_Disorder
) {
333 mib_idx
= LINUX_MIB_TCPSACKFAILURES
;
335 mib_idx
= LINUX_MIB_TCPRENOFAILURES
;
336 } else if (icsk
->icsk_ca_state
== TCP_CA_Recovery
) {
338 mib_idx
= LINUX_MIB_TCPSACKRECOVERYFAIL
;
340 mib_idx
= LINUX_MIB_TCPRENORECOVERYFAIL
;
341 } else if (icsk
->icsk_ca_state
== TCP_CA_Loss
) {
342 mib_idx
= LINUX_MIB_TCPLOSSFAILURES
;
344 mib_idx
= LINUX_MIB_TCPTIMEOUTS
;
346 NET_INC_STATS_BH(sock_net(sk
), mib_idx
);
349 if (tcp_use_frto(sk
)) {
352 tcp_enter_loss(sk
, 0);
355 if (tcp_retransmit_skb(sk
, tcp_write_queue_head(sk
)) > 0) {
356 /* Retransmission failed because of local congestion,
359 if (!icsk
->icsk_retransmits
)
360 icsk
->icsk_retransmits
= 1;
361 inet_csk_reset_xmit_timer(sk
, ICSK_TIME_RETRANS
,
362 min(icsk
->icsk_rto
, TCP_RESOURCE_PROBE_INTERVAL
),
367 /* Increase the timeout each time we retransmit. Note that
368 * we do not increase the rtt estimate. rto is initialized
369 * from rtt, but increases here. Jacobson (SIGCOMM 88) suggests
370 * that doubling rto each time is the least we can get away with.
371 * In KA9Q, Karn uses this for the first few times, and then
372 * goes to quadratic. netBSD doubles, but only goes up to *64,
373 * and clamps at 1 to 64 sec afterwards. Note that 120 sec is
374 * defined in the protocol as the maximum possible RTT. I guess
375 * we'll have to use something other than TCP to talk to the
376 * University of Mars.
378 * PAWS allows us longer timeouts and large windows, so once
379 * implemented ftp to mars will work nicely. We will have to fix
380 * the 120 second clamps though!
382 icsk
->icsk_backoff
++;
383 icsk
->icsk_retransmits
++;
386 icsk
->icsk_rto
= min(icsk
->icsk_rto
<< 1, TCP_RTO_MAX
);
387 inet_csk_reset_xmit_timer(sk
, ICSK_TIME_RETRANS
, icsk
->icsk_rto
, TCP_RTO_MAX
);
388 if (icsk
->icsk_retransmits
> sysctl_tcp_retries1
)
394 static void tcp_write_timer(unsigned long data
)
396 struct sock
*sk
= (struct sock
*)data
;
397 struct inet_connection_sock
*icsk
= inet_csk(sk
);
401 if (sock_owned_by_user(sk
)) {
402 /* Try again later */
403 sk_reset_timer(sk
, &icsk
->icsk_retransmit_timer
, jiffies
+ (HZ
/ 20));
407 if (sk
->sk_state
== TCP_CLOSE
|| !icsk
->icsk_pending
)
410 if (time_after(icsk
->icsk_timeout
, jiffies
)) {
411 sk_reset_timer(sk
, &icsk
->icsk_retransmit_timer
, icsk
->icsk_timeout
);
415 event
= icsk
->icsk_pending
;
416 icsk
->icsk_pending
= 0;
419 case ICSK_TIME_RETRANS
:
420 tcp_retransmit_timer(sk
);
422 case ICSK_TIME_PROBE0
:
436 * Timer for listening sockets
439 static void tcp_synack_timer(struct sock
*sk
)
441 inet_csk_reqsk_queue_prune(sk
, TCP_SYNQ_INTERVAL
,
442 TCP_TIMEOUT_INIT
, TCP_RTO_MAX
);
445 void tcp_set_keepalive(struct sock
*sk
, int val
)
447 if ((1 << sk
->sk_state
) & (TCPF_CLOSE
| TCPF_LISTEN
))
450 if (val
&& !sock_flag(sk
, SOCK_KEEPOPEN
))
451 inet_csk_reset_keepalive_timer(sk
, keepalive_time_when(tcp_sk(sk
)));
453 inet_csk_delete_keepalive_timer(sk
);
457 static void tcp_keepalive_timer (unsigned long data
)
459 struct sock
*sk
= (struct sock
*) data
;
460 struct inet_connection_sock
*icsk
= inet_csk(sk
);
461 struct tcp_sock
*tp
= tcp_sk(sk
);
464 /* Only process if socket is not in use. */
466 if (sock_owned_by_user(sk
)) {
467 /* Try again later. */
468 inet_csk_reset_keepalive_timer (sk
, HZ
/20);
472 if (sk
->sk_state
== TCP_LISTEN
) {
473 tcp_synack_timer(sk
);
477 if (sk
->sk_state
== TCP_FIN_WAIT2
&& sock_flag(sk
, SOCK_DEAD
)) {
478 if (tp
->linger2
>= 0) {
479 const int tmo
= tcp_fin_time(sk
) - TCP_TIMEWAIT_LEN
;
482 tcp_time_wait(sk
, TCP_FIN_WAIT2
, tmo
);
486 tcp_send_active_reset(sk
, GFP_ATOMIC
);
490 if (!sock_flag(sk
, SOCK_KEEPOPEN
) || sk
->sk_state
== TCP_CLOSE
)
493 elapsed
= keepalive_time_when(tp
);
495 /* It is alive without keepalive 8) */
496 if (tp
->packets_out
|| tcp_send_head(sk
))
499 elapsed
= tcp_time_stamp
- tp
->rcv_tstamp
;
501 if (elapsed
>= keepalive_time_when(tp
)) {
502 if ((!tp
->keepalive_probes
&& icsk
->icsk_probes_out
>= sysctl_tcp_keepalive_probes
) ||
503 (tp
->keepalive_probes
&& icsk
->icsk_probes_out
>= tp
->keepalive_probes
)) {
504 tcp_send_active_reset(sk
, GFP_ATOMIC
);
508 if (tcp_write_wakeup(sk
) <= 0) {
509 icsk
->icsk_probes_out
++;
510 elapsed
= keepalive_intvl_when(tp
);
512 /* If keepalive was lost due to local congestion,
515 elapsed
= TCP_RESOURCE_PROBE_INTERVAL
;
518 /* It is tp->rcv_tstamp + keepalive_time_when(tp) */
519 elapsed
= keepalive_time_when(tp
) - elapsed
;
526 inet_csk_reset_keepalive_timer (sk
, elapsed
);