1 Documentation for /proc/sys/kernel/* kernel version 2.2.10
2 (c) 1998, 1999, Rik van Riel <riel@nl.linux.org>
4 For general info and legal blurb, please look in README.
6 ==============================================================
8 This file contains documentation for the sysctl files in
9 /proc/sys/kernel/ and is valid for Linux kernel version 2.2.
11 The files in this directory can be used to tune and monitor
12 miscellaneous and general things in the operation of the Linux
13 kernel. Since some of the files _can_ be used to screw up your
14 system, it is advisable to read both documentation and source
15 before actually making adjustments.
17 Currently, these files might (depending on your configuration)
18 show up in /proc/sys/kernel:
28 - java-appletviewer [ binfmt_java, obsolete ]
29 - java-interpreter [ binfmt_java, obsolete ]
30 - kstack_depth_to_print [ X86 only ]
32 - modprobe ==> Documentation/debugging-modules.txt
42 - powersave-nap [ PPC only ]
45 - real-root-dev ==> Documentation/initrd.txt
46 - reboot-cmd [ SPARC only ]
50 - sg-big-buff [ generic SCSI device (sg) ]
54 - stop-a [ SPARC only ]
55 - sysrq ==> Documentation/sysrq.txt
60 ==============================================================
66 See Doc*/kernel/power/video.txt, it allows mode of video boot to be
69 ==============================================================
73 highwater lowwater frequency
75 If BSD-style process accounting is enabled these values control
76 its behaviour. If free space on filesystem where the log lives
77 goes below <lowwater>% accounting suspends. If free space gets
78 above <highwater>% accounting resumes. <Frequency> determines
79 how often do we check the amount of free space (value is in
82 That is, suspend accounting if there left <= 2% free; resume it
83 if we got >=4%; consider information about amount of free space
86 ==============================================================
90 core_pattern is used to specify a core dumpfile pattern name.
91 . max length 128 characters; default value is "core"
92 . core_pattern is used as a pattern template for the output filename;
93 certain string patterns (beginning with '%') are substituted with
95 . backward compatibility with core_uses_pid:
96 If core_pattern does not include "%p" (default does not)
97 and core_uses_pid is set, then .PID will be appended to
99 . corename format specifiers:
100 %<NUL> '%' is dropped
108 %e executable filename
109 %<OTHER> both are dropped
110 . If the first character of the pattern is a '|', the kernel will treat
111 the rest of the pattern as a command to run. The core dump will be
112 written to the standard input of that program instead of to a file.
114 ==============================================================
118 The default coredump filename is "core". By setting
119 core_uses_pid to 1, the coredump filename becomes core.PID.
120 If core_pattern does not include "%p" (default does not)
121 and core_uses_pid is set, then .PID will be appended to
124 ==============================================================
128 When the value in this file is 0, ctrl-alt-del is trapped and
129 sent to the init(1) program to handle a graceful restart.
130 When, however, the value is > 0, Linux's reaction to a Vulcan
131 Nerve Pinch (tm) will be an immediate reboot, without even
132 syncing its dirty buffers.
134 Note: when a program (like dosemu) has the keyboard in 'raw'
135 mode, the ctrl-alt-del is intercepted by the program before it
136 ever reaches the kernel tty layer, and it's up to the program
137 to decide what to do with it.
139 ==============================================================
141 domainname & hostname:
143 These files can be used to set the NIS/YP domainname and the
144 hostname of your box in exactly the same way as the commands
145 domainname and hostname, i.e.:
146 # echo "darkstar" > /proc/sys/kernel/hostname
147 # echo "mydomain" > /proc/sys/kernel/domainname
148 has the same effect as
149 # hostname "darkstar"
150 # domainname "mydomain"
152 Note, however, that the classic darkstar.frop.org has the
153 hostname "darkstar" and DNS (Internet Domain Name Server)
154 domainname "frop.org", not to be confused with the NIS (Network
155 Information Service) or YP (Yellow Pages) domainname. These two
156 domain names are in general different. For a detailed discussion
157 see the hostname(1) man page.
159 ==============================================================
163 Path for the hotplug policy agent.
164 Default value is "/sbin/hotplug".
166 ==============================================================
170 This flag controls the L2 cache of G3 processor boards. If
171 0, the cache is disabled. Enabled if nonzero.
173 ==============================================================
175 kstack_depth_to_print: (X86 only)
177 Controls the number of words to print when dumping the raw
180 ==============================================================
182 osrelease, ostype & version:
189 #5 Wed Feb 25 21:49:24 MET 1998
191 The files osrelease and ostype should be clear enough. Version
192 needs a little more clarification however. The '#5' means that
193 this is the fifth kernel built from this source base and the
194 date behind it indicates the time the kernel was built.
195 The only way to tune these values is to rebuild the kernel :-)
197 ==============================================================
199 overflowgid & overflowuid:
201 if your architecture did not always support 32-bit UIDs (i.e. arm, i386,
202 m68k, sh, and sparc32), a fixed UID and GID will be returned to
203 applications that use the old 16-bit UID/GID system calls, if the actual
204 UID or GID would exceed 65535.
206 These sysctls allow you to change the value of the fixed UID and GID.
207 The default is 65534.
209 ==============================================================
213 The value in this file represents the number of seconds the
214 kernel waits before rebooting on a panic. When you use the
215 software watchdog, the recommended setting is 60.
217 ==============================================================
221 Controls the kernel's behaviour when an oops or BUG is encountered.
223 0: try to continue operation
225 1: panic immediately. If the `panic' sysctl is also non-zero then the
226 machine will be rebooted.
228 ==============================================================
232 PID allocation wrap value. When the kernel's next PID value
233 reaches this value, it wraps back to a minimum PID value.
234 PIDs of value pid_max or larger are not allocated.
236 ==============================================================
238 powersave-nap: (PPC only)
240 If set, Linux-PPC will use the 'nap' mode of powersaving,
241 otherwise the 'doze' mode will be used.
243 ==============================================================
247 The four values in printk denote: console_loglevel,
248 default_message_loglevel, minimum_console_loglevel and
249 default_console_loglevel respectively.
251 These values influence printk() behavior when printing or
252 logging error messages. See 'man 2 syslog' for more info on
253 the different loglevels.
255 - console_loglevel: messages with a higher priority than
256 this will be printed to the console
257 - default_message_level: messages without an explicit priority
258 will be printed with this priority
259 - minimum_console_loglevel: minimum (highest) value to which
260 console_loglevel can be set
261 - default_console_loglevel: default value for console_loglevel
263 ==============================================================
267 Some warning messages are rate limited. printk_ratelimit specifies
268 the minimum length of time between these messages (in jiffies), by
269 default we allow one every 5 seconds.
271 A value of 0 will disable rate limiting.
273 ==============================================================
275 printk_ratelimit_burst:
277 While long term we enforce one message per printk_ratelimit
278 seconds, we do allow a burst of messages to pass through.
279 printk_ratelimit_burst specifies the number of messages we can
280 send before ratelimiting kicks in.
282 ==============================================================
286 This option can be used to select the type of process address
287 space randomization that is used in the system, for architectures
288 that support this feature.
290 0 - Turn the process address space randomization off by default.
292 1 - Make the addresses of mmap base, stack and VDSO page randomized.
293 This, among other things, implies that shared libraries will be
294 loaded to random addresses. Also for PIE-linked binaries, the location
295 of code start is randomized.
297 With heap randomization, the situation is a little bit more
299 There a few legacy applications out there (such as some ancient
300 versions of libc.so.5 from 1996) that assume that brk area starts
301 just after the end of the code+bss. These applications break when
302 start of the brk area is randomized. There are however no known
303 non-legacy applications that would be broken this way, so for most
304 systems it is safe to choose full randomization. However there is
305 a CONFIG_COMPAT_BRK option for systems with ancient and/or broken
306 binaries, that makes heap non-randomized, but keeps all other
307 parts of process address space randomized if randomize_va_space
310 ==============================================================
312 reboot-cmd: (Sparc only)
314 ??? This seems to be a way to give an argument to the Sparc
315 ROM/Flash boot loader. Maybe to tell it what to do after
318 ==============================================================
320 rtsig-max & rtsig-nr:
322 The file rtsig-max can be used to tune the maximum number
323 of POSIX realtime (queued) signals that can be outstanding
326 rtsig-nr shows the number of RT signals currently queued.
328 ==============================================================
332 This file shows the size of the generic SCSI (sg) buffer.
333 You can't tune it just yet, but you could change it on
334 compile time by editing include/scsi/sg.h and changing
335 the value of SG_BIG_BUFF.
337 There shouldn't be any reason to change this value. If
338 you can come up with one, you probably know what you
341 ==============================================================
345 This value can be used to query and set the run time limit
346 on the maximum shared memory segment size that can be created.
347 Shared memory segments up to 1Gb are now supported in the
348 kernel. This value defaults to SHMMAX.
350 ==============================================================
354 This value can be used to lower the softlockup tolerance threshold. The
355 default threshold is 60 seconds. If a cpu is locked up for 60 seconds,
356 the kernel complains. Valid values are 1-60 seconds. Setting this
357 tunable to zero will disable the softlockup detection altogether.
359 ==============================================================
363 Non-zero if the kernel has been tainted. Numeric values, which
364 can be ORed together:
366 1 - A module with a non-GPL license has been loaded, this
367 includes modules with no license.
368 Set by modutils >= 2.4.9 and module-init-tools.
369 2 - A module was force loaded by insmod -f.
370 Set by modutils >= 2.4.9 and module-init-tools.
371 4 - Unsafe SMP processors: SMP with CPUs not designed for SMP.
372 8 - A module was forcibly unloaded from the system by rmmod -f.
373 16 - A hardware machine check error occurred on the system.
374 32 - A bad page was discovered on the system.
375 64 - The user has asked that the system be marked "tainted". This
376 could be because they are running software that directly modifies
377 the hardware, or for other reasons.
378 128 - The system has died.
379 256 - The ACPI DSDT has been overridden with one supplied by the user
380 instead of using the one provided by the hardware.
381 512 - A kernel warning has occurred.
382 1024 - A module from drivers/staging was loaded.