5 * National Semiconductor LM85 (B and C versions)
7 Addresses scanned: I2C 0x2c, 0x2d, 0x2e
8 Datasheet: http://www.national.com/pf/LM/LM85.html
9 * Analog Devices ADM1027
11 Addresses scanned: I2C 0x2c, 0x2d, 0x2e
12 Datasheet: http://www.analog.com/en/prod/0,,766_825_ADM1027,00.html
13 * Analog Devices ADT7463
15 Addresses scanned: I2C 0x2c, 0x2d, 0x2e
16 Datasheet: http://www.analog.com/en/prod/0,,766_825_ADT7463,00.html
17 * SMSC EMC6D100, SMSC EMC6D101
19 Addresses scanned: I2C 0x2c, 0x2d, 0x2e
20 Datasheet: http://www.smsc.com/main/tools/discontinued/6d100.pdf
23 Addresses scanned: I2C 0x2c, 0x2d, 0x2e
24 Datasheet: http://www.smsc.com/main/catalog/emc6d102.html
27 Philip Pokorny <ppokorny@penguincomputing.com>,
28 Frodo Looijaard <frodol@dds.nl>,
29 Richard Barrington <rich_b_nz@clear.net.nz>,
30 Margit Schubert-While <margitsw@t-online.de>,
31 Justin Thiessen <jthiessen@penguincomputing.com>
36 This driver implements support for the National Semiconductor LM85 and
37 compatible chips including the Analog Devices ADM1027, ADT7463 and
38 SMSC EMC6D10x chips family.
40 The LM85 uses the 2-wire interface compatible with the SMBUS 2.0
41 specification. Using an analog to digital converter it measures three (3)
42 temperatures and five (5) voltages. It has four (4) 16-bit counters for
43 measuring fan speed. Five (5) digital inputs are provided for sampling the
44 VID signals from the processor to the VRM. Lastly, there are three (3) PWM
45 outputs that can be used to control fan speed.
47 The voltage inputs have internal scaling resistors so that the following
48 voltage can be measured without external resistors:
50 2.5V, 3.3V, 5V, 12V, and CPU core voltage (2.25V)
52 The temperatures measured are one internal diode, and two remote diodes.
53 Remote 1 is generally the CPU temperature. These inputs are designed to
54 measure a thermal diode like the one in a Pentium 4 processor in a socket
55 423 or socket 478 package. They can also measure temperature using a
56 transistor like the 2N3904.
58 A sophisticated control system for the PWM outputs is designed into the
59 LM85 that allows fan speed to be adjusted automatically based on any of the
60 three temperature sensors. Each PWM output is individually adjustable and
61 programmable. Once configured, the LM85 will adjust the PWM outputs in
62 response to the measured temperatures without further host intervention.
63 This feature can also be disabled for manual control of the PWM's.
65 Each of the measured inputs (voltage, temperature, fan speed) has
66 corresponding high/low limit values. The LM85 will signal an ALARM if any
67 measured value exceeds either limit.
69 The LM85 samples all inputs continuously. The lm85 driver will not read
70 the registers more often than once a second. Further, configuration data is
71 only read once each 5 minutes. There is twice as much config data as
72 measurements, so this would seem to be a worthwhile optimization.
77 The LM85 has four fan speed monitoring modes. The ADM1027 has only two.
78 Both have special circuitry to compensate for PWM interactions with the
79 TACH signal from the fans. The ADM1027 can be configured to measure the
80 speed of a two wire fan, but the input conditioning circuitry is different
81 for 3-wire and 2-wire mode. For this reason, the 2-wire fan modes are not
82 exposed to user control. The BIOS should initialize them to the correct
83 mode. If you've designed your own ADM1027, you'll have to modify the
84 init_client function and add an insmod parameter to set this up.
86 To smooth the response of fans to changes in temperature, the LM85 has an
87 optional filter for smoothing temperatures. The ADM1027 has the same
88 config option but uses it to rate limit the changes to fan speed instead.
90 The ADM1027 and ADT7463 have a 10-bit ADC and can therefore measure
91 temperatures with 0.25 degC resolution. They also provide an offset to the
92 temperature readings that is automatically applied during measurement.
93 This offset can be used to zero out any errors due to traces and placement.
94 The documentation says that the offset is in 0.25 degC steps, but in
95 initial testing of the ADM1027 it was 1.00 degC steps. Analog Devices has
96 confirmed this "bug". The ADT7463 is reported to work as described in the
97 documentation. The current lm85 driver does not show the offset register.
99 See the vendor datasheets for more information. There is application note
100 from National (AN-1260) with some additional information about the LM85.
101 The Analog Devices datasheet is very detailed and describes a procedure for
102 determining an optimal configuration for the automatic PWM control.
104 The SMSC EMC6D100 & EMC6D101 monitor external voltages, temperatures, and
105 fan speeds. They use this monitoring capability to alert the system to out
106 of limit conditions and can automatically control the speeds of multiple
107 fans in a PC or embedded system. The EMC6D101, available in a 24-pin SSOP
108 package, and the EMC6D100, available in a 28-pin SSOP package, are designed
109 to be register compatible. The EMC6D100 offers all the features of the
110 EMC6D101 plus additional voltage monitoring and system control features.
111 Unfortunately it is not possible to distinguish between the package
112 versions on register level so these additional voltage inputs may read
113 zero. The EMC6D102 features addtional ADC bits thus extending precision
114 of voltage and temperature channels.
117 Hardware Configurations
118 -----------------------
120 The LM85 can be jumpered for 3 different SMBus addresses. There are
121 no other hardware configuration options for the LM85.
123 The lm85 driver detects both LM85B and LM85C revisions of the chip. See the
124 datasheet for a complete description of the differences. Other than
125 identifying the chip, the driver behaves no differently with regard to
126 these two chips. The LM85B is recommended for new designs.
128 The ADM1027 and ADT7463 chips have an optional SMBALERT output that can be
129 used to signal the chipset in case a limit is exceeded or the temperature
130 sensors fail. Individual sensor interrupts can be masked so they won't
131 trigger SMBALERT. The SMBALERT output if configured replaces one of the other
132 functions (PWM2 or IN0). This functionality is not implemented in current
135 The ADT7463 also has an optional THERM output/input which can be connected
136 to the processor PROC_HOT output. If available, the autofan control
137 dynamic Tmin feature can be enabled to keep the system temperature within
138 spec (just?!) with the least possible fan noise.
143 Besides standard interfaces driver adds following:
145 * Temperatures and Zones
147 Each temperature sensor is associated with a Zone. There are three
148 sensors and therefore three zones (# 1, 2 and 3). Each zone has the following
149 temperature configuration points:
151 * temp#_auto_temp_off - temperature below which fans should be off or spinning very low.
152 * temp#_auto_temp_min - temperature over which fans start to spin.
153 * temp#_auto_temp_max - temperature when fans spin at full speed.
154 * temp#_auto_temp_crit - temperature when all fans will run full speed.
158 There are three PWM outputs. The LM85 datasheet suggests that the
159 pwm3 output control both fan3 and fan4. Each PWM can be individually
160 configured and assigned to a zone for it's control value. Each PWM can be
161 configured individually according to the following options.
163 * pwm#_auto_pwm_min - this specifies the PWM value for temp#_auto_temp_off
164 temperature. (PWM value from 0 to 255)
166 * pwm#_auto_pwm_freq - select base frequency of PWM output. You can select
167 in range of 10.0 to 94.0 Hz in .1 Hz units.
170 The pwm#_auto_pwm_freq can be set to one of the following 8 values. Setting the
171 frequency to a value not on this list, will result in the next higher frequency
172 being selected. The actual device frequency may vary slightly from this
173 specification as designed by the manufacturer. Consult the datasheet for more
174 details. (PWM Frequency values: 100, 150, 230, 300, 380, 470, 620, 940)
176 * pwm#_auto_pwm_minctl - this flags selects for temp#_auto_temp_off temperature
177 the bahaviour of fans. Write 1 to let fans spinning at
178 pwm#_auto_pwm_min or write 0 to let them off.
180 NOTE: It has been reported that there is a bug in the LM85 that causes the flag
181 to be associated with the zones not the PWMs. This contradicts all the
182 published documentation. Setting pwm#_min_ctl in this case actually affects all
183 PWMs controlled by zone '#'.
185 * PWM Controlling Zone selection
187 * pwm#_auto_channels - controls zone that is associated with PWM
189 Configuration choices:
192 ------ ------------------------------------------------
193 1 Controlled by Zone 1
194 2 Controlled by Zone 2
195 3 Controlled by Zone 3
196 23 Controlled by higher temp of Zone 2 or 3
197 123 Controlled by highest temp of Zone 1, 2 or 3
198 0 PWM always 0% (off)
199 -1 PWM always 100% (full on)
200 -2 Manual control (write to 'pwm#' to set)
202 The National LM85's have two vendor specific configuration
203 features. Tach. mode and Spinup Control. For more details on these,
204 see the LM85 datasheet or Application Note AN-1260. These features
205 are not currently supported by the lm85 driver.
207 The Analog Devices ADM1027 has several vendor specific enhancements.
208 The number of pulses-per-rev of the fans can be set, Tach monitoring
209 can be optimized for PWM operation, and an offset can be applied to
210 the temperatures to compensate for systemic errors in the
211 measurements. These features are not currently supported by the lm85
214 In addition to the ADM1027 features, the ADT7463 also has Tmin control
215 and THERM asserted counts. Automatic Tmin control acts to adjust the
216 Tmin value to maintain the measured temperature sensor at a specified
217 temperature. There isn't much documentation on this feature in the
218 ADT7463 data sheet. This is not supported by current driver.