2 * linux/arch/arm/mm/alignment.c
4 * Copyright (C) 1995 Linus Torvalds
5 * Modifications for ARM processor (c) 1995-2001 Russell King
6 * Thumb aligment fault fixups (c) 2004 MontaVista Software, Inc.
7 * - Adapted from gdb/sim/arm/thumbemu.c -- Thumb instruction emulation.
8 * Copyright (C) 1996, Cygnus Software Technologies Ltd.
10 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
11 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as
12 * published by the Free Software Foundation.
14 #include <linux/config.h>
15 #include <linux/compiler.h>
16 #include <linux/kernel.h>
17 #include <linux/errno.h>
18 #include <linux/string.h>
19 #include <linux/ptrace.h>
20 #include <linux/proc_fs.h>
21 #include <linux/init.h>
23 #include <asm/uaccess.h>
24 #include <asm/unaligned.h>
29 * 32-bit misaligned trap handler (c) 1998 San Mehat (CCC) -July 1998
30 * /proc/sys/debug/alignment, modified and integrated into
31 * Linux 2.1 by Russell King
33 * Speed optimisations and better fault handling by Russell King.
36 * This code is not portable to processors with late data abort handling.
38 #define CODING_BITS(i) (i & 0x0e000000)
40 #define LDST_I_BIT(i) (i & (1 << 26)) /* Immediate constant */
41 #define LDST_P_BIT(i) (i & (1 << 24)) /* Preindex */
42 #define LDST_U_BIT(i) (i & (1 << 23)) /* Add offset */
43 #define LDST_W_BIT(i) (i & (1 << 21)) /* Writeback */
44 #define LDST_L_BIT(i) (i & (1 << 20)) /* Load */
46 #define LDST_P_EQ_U(i) ((((i) ^ ((i) >> 1)) & (1 << 23)) == 0)
48 #define LDSTH_I_BIT(i) (i & (1 << 22)) /* half-word immed */
49 #define LDM_S_BIT(i) (i & (1 << 22)) /* write CPSR from SPSR */
51 #define RN_BITS(i) ((i >> 16) & 15) /* Rn */
52 #define RD_BITS(i) ((i >> 12) & 15) /* Rd */
53 #define RM_BITS(i) (i & 15) /* Rm */
55 #define REGMASK_BITS(i) (i & 0xffff)
56 #define OFFSET_BITS(i) (i & 0x0fff)
58 #define IS_SHIFT(i) (i & 0x0ff0)
59 #define SHIFT_BITS(i) ((i >> 7) & 0x1f)
60 #define SHIFT_TYPE(i) (i & 0x60)
61 #define SHIFT_LSL 0x00
62 #define SHIFT_LSR 0x20
63 #define SHIFT_ASR 0x40
64 #define SHIFT_RORRRX 0x60
66 static unsigned long ai_user
;
67 static unsigned long ai_sys
;
68 static unsigned long ai_skipped
;
69 static unsigned long ai_half
;
70 static unsigned long ai_word
;
71 static unsigned long ai_multi
;
72 static int ai_usermode
;
75 static const char *usermode_action
[] = {
85 proc_alignment_read(char *page
, char **start
, off_t off
, int count
, int *eof
,
91 p
+= sprintf(p
, "User:\t\t%lu\n", ai_user
);
92 p
+= sprintf(p
, "System:\t\t%lu\n", ai_sys
);
93 p
+= sprintf(p
, "Skipped:\t%lu\n", ai_skipped
);
94 p
+= sprintf(p
, "Half:\t\t%lu\n", ai_half
);
95 p
+= sprintf(p
, "Word:\t\t%lu\n", ai_word
);
96 p
+= sprintf(p
, "Multi:\t\t%lu\n", ai_multi
);
97 p
+= sprintf(p
, "User faults:\t%i (%s)\n", ai_usermode
,
98 usermode_action
[ai_usermode
]);
100 len
= (p
- page
) - off
;
104 *eof
= (len
<= count
) ? 1 : 0;
110 static int proc_alignment_write(struct file
*file
, const char __user
*buffer
,
111 unsigned long count
, void *data
)
116 if (get_user(mode
, buffer
))
118 if (mode
>= '0' && mode
<= '5')
119 ai_usermode
= mode
- '0';
124 #endif /* CONFIG_PROC_FS */
138 #define FIRST_BYTE_16 "mov %1, %1, ror #8\n"
139 #define FIRST_BYTE_32 "mov %1, %1, ror #24\n"
140 #define NEXT_BYTE "ror #24"
143 #define FIRST_BYTE_16
144 #define FIRST_BYTE_32
145 #define NEXT_BYTE "lsr #8"
148 #define __get8_unaligned_check(ins,val,addr,err) \
150 "1: "ins" %1, [%2], #1\n" \
152 " .section .fixup,\"ax\"\n" \
157 " .section __ex_table,\"a\"\n" \
161 : "=r" (err), "=&r" (val), "=r" (addr) \
162 : "0" (err), "2" (addr))
164 #define __get16_unaligned_check(ins,val,addr) \
166 unsigned int err = 0, v, a = addr; \
167 __get8_unaligned_check(ins,v,a,err); \
168 val = v << ((BE) ? 8 : 0); \
169 __get8_unaligned_check(ins,v,a,err); \
170 val |= v << ((BE) ? 0 : 8); \
175 #define get16_unaligned_check(val,addr) \
176 __get16_unaligned_check("ldrb",val,addr)
178 #define get16t_unaligned_check(val,addr) \
179 __get16_unaligned_check("ldrbt",val,addr)
181 #define __get32_unaligned_check(ins,val,addr) \
183 unsigned int err = 0, v, a = addr; \
184 __get8_unaligned_check(ins,v,a,err); \
185 val = v << ((BE) ? 24 : 0); \
186 __get8_unaligned_check(ins,v,a,err); \
187 val |= v << ((BE) ? 16 : 8); \
188 __get8_unaligned_check(ins,v,a,err); \
189 val |= v << ((BE) ? 8 : 16); \
190 __get8_unaligned_check(ins,v,a,err); \
191 val |= v << ((BE) ? 0 : 24); \
196 #define get32_unaligned_check(val,addr) \
197 __get32_unaligned_check("ldrb",val,addr)
199 #define get32t_unaligned_check(val,addr) \
200 __get32_unaligned_check("ldrbt",val,addr)
202 #define __put16_unaligned_check(ins,val,addr) \
204 unsigned int err = 0, v = val, a = addr; \
205 __asm__( FIRST_BYTE_16 \
206 "1: "ins" %1, [%2], #1\n" \
207 " mov %1, %1, "NEXT_BYTE"\n" \
208 "2: "ins" %1, [%2]\n" \
210 " .section .fixup,\"ax\"\n" \
215 " .section __ex_table,\"a\"\n" \
220 : "=r" (err), "=&r" (v), "=&r" (a) \
221 : "0" (err), "1" (v), "2" (a)); \
226 #define put16_unaligned_check(val,addr) \
227 __put16_unaligned_check("strb",val,addr)
229 #define put16t_unaligned_check(val,addr) \
230 __put16_unaligned_check("strbt",val,addr)
232 #define __put32_unaligned_check(ins,val,addr) \
234 unsigned int err = 0, v = val, a = addr; \
235 __asm__( FIRST_BYTE_32 \
236 "1: "ins" %1, [%2], #1\n" \
237 " mov %1, %1, "NEXT_BYTE"\n" \
238 "2: "ins" %1, [%2], #1\n" \
239 " mov %1, %1, "NEXT_BYTE"\n" \
240 "3: "ins" %1, [%2], #1\n" \
241 " mov %1, %1, "NEXT_BYTE"\n" \
242 "4: "ins" %1, [%2]\n" \
244 " .section .fixup,\"ax\"\n" \
249 " .section __ex_table,\"a\"\n" \
256 : "=r" (err), "=&r" (v), "=&r" (a) \
257 : "0" (err), "1" (v), "2" (a)); \
262 #define put32_unaligned_check(val,addr) \
263 __put32_unaligned_check("strb", val, addr)
265 #define put32t_unaligned_check(val,addr) \
266 __put32_unaligned_check("strbt", val, addr)
269 do_alignment_finish_ldst(unsigned long addr
, unsigned long instr
, struct pt_regs
*regs
, union offset_union offset
)
271 if (!LDST_U_BIT(instr
))
272 offset
.un
= -offset
.un
;
274 if (!LDST_P_BIT(instr
))
277 if (!LDST_P_BIT(instr
) || LDST_W_BIT(instr
))
278 regs
->uregs
[RN_BITS(instr
)] = addr
;
282 do_alignment_ldrhstrh(unsigned long addr
, unsigned long instr
, struct pt_regs
*regs
)
284 unsigned int rd
= RD_BITS(instr
);
286 if ((instr
& 0x01f00ff0) == 0x01000090)
289 if ((instr
& 0x90) != 0x90 || (instr
& 0x60) == 0)
297 if (LDST_L_BIT(instr
)) {
299 get16_unaligned_check(val
, addr
);
301 /* signed half-word? */
303 val
= (signed long)((signed short) val
);
305 regs
->uregs
[rd
] = val
;
307 put16_unaligned_check(regs
->uregs
[rd
], addr
);
312 if (LDST_L_BIT(instr
)) {
314 get16t_unaligned_check(val
, addr
);
316 /* signed half-word? */
318 val
= (signed long)((signed short) val
);
320 regs
->uregs
[rd
] = val
;
322 put16t_unaligned_check(regs
->uregs
[rd
], addr
);
327 printk(KERN_ERR
"Alignment trap: not handling swp instruction\n");
336 do_alignment_ldrstr(unsigned long addr
, unsigned long instr
, struct pt_regs
*regs
)
338 unsigned int rd
= RD_BITS(instr
);
342 if ((!LDST_P_BIT(instr
) && LDST_W_BIT(instr
)) || user_mode(regs
))
345 if (LDST_L_BIT(instr
)) {
347 get32_unaligned_check(val
, addr
);
348 regs
->uregs
[rd
] = val
;
350 put32_unaligned_check(regs
->uregs
[rd
], addr
);
354 if (LDST_L_BIT(instr
)) {
356 get32t_unaligned_check(val
, addr
);
357 regs
->uregs
[rd
] = val
;
359 put32t_unaligned_check(regs
->uregs
[rd
], addr
);
367 * LDM/STM alignment handler.
369 * There are 4 variants of this instruction:
371 * B = rn pointer before instruction, A = rn pointer after instruction
372 * ------ increasing address ----->
373 * | | r0 | r1 | ... | rx | |
380 do_alignment_ldmstm(unsigned long addr
, unsigned long instr
, struct pt_regs
*regs
)
382 unsigned int rd
, rn
, correction
, nr_regs
, regbits
;
383 unsigned long eaddr
, newaddr
;
385 if (LDM_S_BIT(instr
))
388 correction
= 4; /* processor implementation defined */
389 regs
->ARM_pc
+= correction
;
393 /* count the number of registers in the mask to be transferred */
394 nr_regs
= hweight16(REGMASK_BITS(instr
)) * 4;
397 newaddr
= eaddr
= regs
->uregs
[rn
];
399 if (!LDST_U_BIT(instr
))
402 if (!LDST_U_BIT(instr
))
405 if (LDST_P_EQ_U(instr
)) /* U = P */
409 * For alignment faults on the ARM922T/ARM920T the MMU makes
410 * the FSR (and hence addr) equal to the updated base address
411 * of the multiple access rather than the restored value.
412 * Switch this message off if we've got a ARM92[02], otherwise
413 * [ls]dm alignment faults are noisy!
415 #if !(defined CONFIG_CPU_ARM922T) && !(defined CONFIG_CPU_ARM920T)
417 * This is a "hint" - we already have eaddr worked out by the
421 printk(KERN_ERR
"LDMSTM: PC = %08lx, instr = %08lx, "
422 "addr = %08lx, eaddr = %08lx\n",
423 instruction_pointer(regs
), instr
, addr
, eaddr
);
428 if (user_mode(regs
)) {
429 for (regbits
= REGMASK_BITS(instr
), rd
= 0; regbits
;
430 regbits
>>= 1, rd
+= 1)
432 if (LDST_L_BIT(instr
)) {
434 get32t_unaligned_check(val
, eaddr
);
435 regs
->uregs
[rd
] = val
;
437 put32t_unaligned_check(regs
->uregs
[rd
], eaddr
);
441 for (regbits
= REGMASK_BITS(instr
), rd
= 0; regbits
;
442 regbits
>>= 1, rd
+= 1)
444 if (LDST_L_BIT(instr
)) {
446 get32_unaligned_check(val
, eaddr
);
447 regs
->uregs
[rd
] = val
;
449 put32_unaligned_check(regs
->uregs
[rd
], eaddr
);
454 if (LDST_W_BIT(instr
))
455 regs
->uregs
[rn
] = newaddr
;
456 if (!LDST_L_BIT(instr
) || !(REGMASK_BITS(instr
) & (1 << 15)))
457 regs
->ARM_pc
-= correction
;
461 regs
->ARM_pc
-= correction
;
465 printk(KERN_ERR
"Alignment trap: not handling ldm with s-bit set\n");
470 * Convert Thumb ld/st instruction forms to equivalent ARM instructions so
471 * we can reuse ARM userland alignment fault fixups for Thumb.
473 * This implementation was initially based on the algorithm found in
474 * gdb/sim/arm/thumbemu.c. It is basically just a code reduction of same
475 * to convert only Thumb ld/st instruction forms to equivalent ARM forms.
478 * 1. Comments below refer to ARM ARM DDI0100E Thumb Instruction sections.
479 * 2. If for some reason we're passed an non-ld/st Thumb instruction to
480 * decode, we return 0xdeadc0de. This should never happen under normal
481 * circumstances but if it does, we've got other problems to deal with
482 * elsewhere and we obviously can't fix those problems here.
486 thumb2arm(u16 tinstr
)
488 u32 L
= (tinstr
& (1<<11)) >> 11;
490 switch ((tinstr
& 0xf800) >> 11) {
491 /* 6.5.1 Format 1: */
492 case 0x6000 >> 11: /* 7.1.52 STR(1) */
493 case 0x6800 >> 11: /* 7.1.26 LDR(1) */
494 case 0x7000 >> 11: /* 7.1.55 STRB(1) */
495 case 0x7800 >> 11: /* 7.1.30 LDRB(1) */
497 ((tinstr
& (1<<12)) << (22-12)) | /* fixup */
498 (L
<<20) | /* L==1? */
499 ((tinstr
& (7<<0)) << (12-0)) | /* Rd */
500 ((tinstr
& (7<<3)) << (16-3)) | /* Rn */
501 ((tinstr
& (31<<6)) >> /* immed_5 */
502 (6 - ((tinstr
& (1<<12)) ? 0 : 2)));
503 case 0x8000 >> 11: /* 7.1.57 STRH(1) */
504 case 0x8800 >> 11: /* 7.1.32 LDRH(1) */
506 (L
<<20) | /* L==1? */
507 ((tinstr
& (7<<0)) << (12-0)) | /* Rd */
508 ((tinstr
& (7<<3)) << (16-3)) | /* Rn */
509 ((tinstr
& (7<<6)) >> (6-1)) | /* immed_5[2:0] */
510 ((tinstr
& (3<<9)) >> (9-8)); /* immed_5[4:3] */
512 /* 6.5.1 Format 2: */
516 static const u32 subset
[8] = {
517 0xe7800000, /* 7.1.53 STR(2) */
518 0xe18000b0, /* 7.1.58 STRH(2) */
519 0xe7c00000, /* 7.1.56 STRB(2) */
520 0xe19000d0, /* 7.1.34 LDRSB */
521 0xe7900000, /* 7.1.27 LDR(2) */
522 0xe19000b0, /* 7.1.33 LDRH(2) */
523 0xe7d00000, /* 7.1.31 LDRB(2) */
524 0xe19000f0 /* 7.1.35 LDRSH */
526 return subset
[(tinstr
& (7<<9)) >> 9] |
527 ((tinstr
& (7<<0)) << (12-0)) | /* Rd */
528 ((tinstr
& (7<<3)) << (16-3)) | /* Rn */
529 ((tinstr
& (7<<6)) >> (6-0)); /* Rm */
532 /* 6.5.1 Format 3: */
533 case 0x4800 >> 11: /* 7.1.28 LDR(3) */
534 /* NOTE: This case is not technically possible. We're
535 * loading 32-bit memory data via PC relative
536 * addressing mode. So we can and should eliminate
537 * this case. But I'll leave it here for now.
540 ((tinstr
& (7<<8)) << (12-8)) | /* Rd */
541 ((tinstr
& 255) << (2-0)); /* immed_8 */
543 /* 6.5.1 Format 4: */
544 case 0x9000 >> 11: /* 7.1.54 STR(3) */
545 case 0x9800 >> 11: /* 7.1.29 LDR(4) */
547 (L
<<20) | /* L==1? */
548 ((tinstr
& (7<<8)) << (12-8)) | /* Rd */
549 ((tinstr
& 255) << 2); /* immed_8 */
551 /* 6.6.1 Format 1: */
552 case 0xc000 >> 11: /* 7.1.51 STMIA */
553 case 0xc800 >> 11: /* 7.1.25 LDMIA */
555 u32 Rn
= (tinstr
& (7<<8)) >> 8;
556 u32 W
= ((L
<<Rn
) & (tinstr
&255)) ? 0 : 1<<21;
558 return 0xe8800000 | W
| (L
<<20) | (Rn
<<16) |
562 /* 6.6.1 Format 2: */
563 case 0xb000 >> 11: /* 7.1.48 PUSH */
564 case 0xb800 >> 11: /* 7.1.47 POP */
565 if ((tinstr
& (3 << 9)) == 0x0400) {
566 static const u32 subset
[4] = {
567 0xe92d0000, /* STMDB sp!,{registers} */
568 0xe92d4000, /* STMDB sp!,{registers,lr} */
569 0xe8bd0000, /* LDMIA sp!,{registers} */
570 0xe8bd8000 /* LDMIA sp!,{registers,pc} */
572 return subset
[(L
<<1) | ((tinstr
& (1<<8)) >> 8)] |
573 (tinstr
& 255); /* register_list */
575 /* Else fall through for illegal instruction case */
583 do_alignment(unsigned long addr
, unsigned int fsr
, struct pt_regs
*regs
)
585 union offset_union offset
;
586 unsigned long instr
= 0, instrptr
;
587 int (*handler
)(unsigned long addr
, unsigned long instr
, struct pt_regs
*regs
);
593 instrptr
= instruction_pointer(regs
);
597 if thumb_mode(regs
) {
598 fault
= __get_user(tinstr
, (u16
*)(instrptr
& ~1));
600 instr
= thumb2arm(tinstr
);
602 fault
= __get_user(instr
, (u32
*)instrptr
);
617 regs
->ARM_pc
+= thumb_mode(regs
) ? 2 : 4;
619 switch (CODING_BITS(instr
)) {
620 case 0x00000000: /* ldrh or strh */
621 if (LDSTH_I_BIT(instr
))
622 offset
.un
= (instr
& 0xf00) >> 4 | (instr
& 15);
624 offset
.un
= regs
->uregs
[RM_BITS(instr
)];
625 handler
= do_alignment_ldrhstrh
;
628 case 0x04000000: /* ldr or str immediate */
629 offset
.un
= OFFSET_BITS(instr
);
630 handler
= do_alignment_ldrstr
;
633 case 0x06000000: /* ldr or str register */
634 offset
.un
= regs
->uregs
[RM_BITS(instr
)];
636 if (IS_SHIFT(instr
)) {
637 unsigned int shiftval
= SHIFT_BITS(instr
);
639 switch(SHIFT_TYPE(instr
)) {
641 offset
.un
<<= shiftval
;
645 offset
.un
>>= shiftval
;
649 offset
.sn
>>= shiftval
;
655 if (regs
->ARM_cpsr
& PSR_C_BIT
)
656 offset
.un
|= 1 << 31;
658 offset
.un
= offset
.un
>> shiftval
|
659 offset
.un
<< (32 - shiftval
);
663 handler
= do_alignment_ldrstr
;
666 case 0x08000000: /* ldm or stm */
667 handler
= do_alignment_ldmstm
;
674 type
= handler(addr
, instr
, regs
);
676 if (type
== TYPE_ERROR
|| type
== TYPE_FAULT
)
679 if (type
== TYPE_LDST
)
680 do_alignment_finish_ldst(addr
, instr
, regs
, offset
);
685 if (type
== TYPE_ERROR
)
687 regs
->ARM_pc
-= thumb_mode(regs
) ? 2 : 4;
689 * We got a fault - fix it up, or die.
691 do_bad_area(current
, current
->mm
, addr
, fsr
, regs
);
696 * Oops, we didn't handle the instruction.
698 printk(KERN_ERR
"Alignment trap: not handling instruction "
699 "%0*lx at [<%08lx>]\n",
700 thumb_mode(regs
) ? 4 : 8,
701 thumb_mode(regs
) ? tinstr
: instr
, instrptr
);
709 printk("Alignment trap: %s (%d) PC=0x%08lx Instr=0x%0*lx "
710 "Address=0x%08lx FSR 0x%03x\n", current
->comm
,
711 current
->pid
, instrptr
,
712 thumb_mode(regs
) ? 4 : 8,
713 thumb_mode(regs
) ? tinstr
: instr
,
720 force_sig(SIGBUS
, current
);
722 set_cr(cr_no_alignment
);
728 * This needs to be done after sysctl_init, otherwise sys/ will be
729 * overwritten. Actually, this shouldn't be in sys/ at all since
730 * it isn't a sysctl, and it doesn't contain sysctl information.
731 * We now locate it in /proc/cpu/alignment instead.
733 static int __init
alignment_init(void)
735 #ifdef CONFIG_PROC_FS
736 struct proc_dir_entry
*res
;
738 res
= proc_mkdir("cpu", NULL
);
742 res
= create_proc_entry("alignment", S_IWUSR
| S_IRUGO
, res
);
746 res
->read_proc
= proc_alignment_read
;
747 res
->write_proc
= proc_alignment_write
;
750 hook_fault_code(1, do_alignment
, SIGILL
, "alignment exception");
751 hook_fault_code(3, do_alignment
, SIGILL
, "alignment exception");
756 fs_initcall(alignment_init
);