2 * dtlk.c - DoubleTalk PC driver for Linux
4 * Original author: Chris Pallotta <chris@allmedia.com>
5 * Current maintainer: Jim Van Zandt <jrv@vanzandt.mv.com>
7 * 2000-03-18 Jim Van Zandt: Fix polling.
8 * Eliminate dtlk_timer_active flag and separate dtlk_stop_timer
9 * function. Don't restart timer in dtlk_timer_tick. Restart timer
10 * in dtlk_poll after every poll. dtlk_poll returns mask (duh).
11 * Eliminate unused function dtlk_write_byte. Misc. code cleanups.
14 /* This driver is for the DoubleTalk PC, a speech synthesizer
15 manufactured by RC Systems (http://www.rcsys.com/). It was written
16 based on documentation in their User's Manual file and Developer's
19 The DoubleTalk PC contains four voice synthesizers: text-to-speech
20 (TTS), linear predictive coding (LPC), PCM/ADPCM, and CVSD. It
21 also has a tone generator. Output data for LPC are written to the
22 LPC port, and output data for the other modes are written to the
25 Two kinds of data can be read from the DoubleTalk: status
26 information (in response to the "\001?" interrogation command) is
27 read from the TTS port, and index markers (which mark the progress
28 of the speech) are read from the LPC port. Not all models of the
29 DoubleTalk PC implement index markers. Both the TTS and LPC ports
30 can also display status flags.
32 The DoubleTalk PC generates no interrupts.
34 These characteristics are mapped into the Unix stream I/O model as
37 "write" sends bytes to the TTS port. It is the responsibility of
38 the user program to switch modes among TTS, PCM/ADPCM, and CVSD.
39 This driver was written for use with the text-to-speech
40 synthesizer. If LPC output is needed some day, other minor device
41 numbers can be used to select among output modes.
43 "read" gets index markers from the LPC port. If the device does
44 not implement index markers, the read will fail with error EINVAL.
46 Status information is available using the DTLK_INTERROGATE ioctl.
50 #include <linux/module.h>
53 #include <linux/types.h>
56 #include <linux/errno.h> /* for -EBUSY */
57 #include <linux/ioport.h> /* for request_region */
58 #include <linux/delay.h> /* for loops_per_jiffy */
59 #include <linux/smp_lock.h> /* cycle_kernel_lock() */
60 #include <asm/io.h> /* for inb_p, outb_p, inb, outb, etc. */
61 #include <asm/uaccess.h> /* for get_user, etc. */
62 #include <linux/wait.h> /* for wait_queue */
63 #include <linux/init.h> /* for __init, module_{init,exit} */
64 #include <linux/poll.h> /* for POLLIN, etc. */
65 #include <linux/dtlk.h> /* local header file for DoubleTalk values */
68 #define TRACE_TEXT(str) printk(str);
69 #define TRACE_RET printk(")")
71 #define TRACE_TEXT(str) ((void) 0)
72 #define TRACE_RET ((void) 0)
75 static void dtlk_timer_tick(unsigned long data
);
77 static int dtlk_major
;
78 static int dtlk_port_lpc
;
79 static int dtlk_port_tts
;
81 static int dtlk_has_indexing
;
82 static unsigned int dtlk_portlist
[] =
83 {0x25e, 0x29e, 0x2de, 0x31e, 0x35e, 0x39e, 0};
84 static wait_queue_head_t dtlk_process_list
;
85 static DEFINE_TIMER(dtlk_timer
, dtlk_timer_tick
, 0, 0);
87 /* prototypes for file_operations struct */
88 static ssize_t
dtlk_read(struct file
*, char __user
*,
89 size_t nbytes
, loff_t
* ppos
);
90 static ssize_t
dtlk_write(struct file
*, const char __user
*,
91 size_t nbytes
, loff_t
* ppos
);
92 static unsigned int dtlk_poll(struct file
*, poll_table
*);
93 static int dtlk_open(struct inode
*, struct file
*);
94 static int dtlk_release(struct inode
*, struct file
*);
95 static int dtlk_ioctl(struct inode
*inode
, struct file
*file
,
96 unsigned int cmd
, unsigned long arg
);
98 static const struct file_operations dtlk_fops
=
100 .owner
= THIS_MODULE
,
106 .release
= dtlk_release
,
109 /* local prototypes */
110 static int dtlk_dev_probe(void);
111 static struct dtlk_settings
*dtlk_interrogate(void);
112 static int dtlk_readable(void);
113 static char dtlk_read_lpc(void);
114 static char dtlk_read_tts(void);
115 static int dtlk_writeable(void);
116 static char dtlk_write_bytes(const char *buf
, int n
);
117 static char dtlk_write_tts(char);
119 static void dtlk_handle_error(char, char, unsigned int);
122 static ssize_t
dtlk_read(struct file
*file
, char __user
*buf
,
123 size_t count
, loff_t
* ppos
)
125 unsigned int minor
= iminor(file
->f_path
.dentry
->d_inode
);
129 TRACE_TEXT("(dtlk_read");
130 /* printk("DoubleTalk PC - dtlk_read()\n"); */
132 if (minor
!= DTLK_MINOR
|| !dtlk_has_indexing
)
135 for (retries
= 0; retries
< loops_per_jiffy
; retries
++) {
136 while (i
< count
&& dtlk_readable()) {
137 ch
= dtlk_read_lpc();
138 /* printk("dtlk_read() reads 0x%02x\n", ch); */
139 if (put_user(ch
, buf
++))
145 if (file
->f_flags
& O_NONBLOCK
)
147 msleep_interruptible(100);
149 if (retries
== loops_per_jiffy
)
150 printk(KERN_ERR
"dtlk_read times out\n");
155 static ssize_t
dtlk_write(struct file
*file
, const char __user
*buf
,
156 size_t count
, loff_t
* ppos
)
158 int i
= 0, retries
= 0, ch
;
160 TRACE_TEXT("(dtlk_write");
165 for (i
= 0; i
< count
; i
++) {
166 if (get_user(ch
, buf
+ i
))
168 if (' ' <= ch
&& ch
<= '~')
171 printk("\\%03o", ch
);
177 if (iminor(file
->f_path
.dentry
->d_inode
) != DTLK_MINOR
)
181 while (i
< count
&& !get_user(ch
, buf
) &&
182 (ch
== DTLK_CLEAR
|| dtlk_writeable())) {
187 /* We yield our time until scheduled
188 again. This reduces the transfer
189 rate to 500 bytes/sec, but that's
190 still enough to keep up with the
191 speech synthesizer. */
192 msleep_interruptible(1);
194 /* the RDY bit goes zero 2-3 usec
195 after writing, and goes 1 again
196 180-190 usec later. Here, we wait
197 up to 250 usec for the RDY bit to
200 retries
< loops_per_jiffy
/ (4000/HZ
);
202 if (inb_p(dtlk_port_tts
) &
210 if (file
->f_flags
& O_NONBLOCK
)
213 msleep_interruptible(1);
215 if (++retries
> 10 * HZ
) { /* wait no more than 10 sec
217 printk("dtlk: write timeout. "
218 "inb_p(dtlk_port_tts) = 0x%02x\n",
219 inb_p(dtlk_port_tts
));
228 static unsigned int dtlk_poll(struct file
*file
, poll_table
* wait
)
231 unsigned long expires
;
233 TRACE_TEXT(" dtlk_poll");
237 printk("<%ld>", jiffies-j);
240 poll_wait(file
, &dtlk_process_list
, wait
);
242 if (dtlk_has_indexing
&& dtlk_readable()) {
243 del_timer(&dtlk_timer
);
244 mask
= POLLIN
| POLLRDNORM
;
246 if (dtlk_writeable()) {
247 del_timer(&dtlk_timer
);
248 mask
|= POLLOUT
| POLLWRNORM
;
250 /* there are no exception conditions */
252 /* There won't be any interrupts, so we set a timer instead. */
253 expires
= jiffies
+ 3*HZ
/ 100;
254 mod_timer(&dtlk_timer
, expires
);
259 static void dtlk_timer_tick(unsigned long data
)
261 TRACE_TEXT(" dtlk_timer_tick");
262 wake_up_interruptible(&dtlk_process_list
);
265 static int dtlk_ioctl(struct inode
*inode
,
270 char __user
*argp
= (char __user
*)arg
;
271 struct dtlk_settings
*sp
;
273 TRACE_TEXT(" dtlk_ioctl");
277 case DTLK_INTERROGATE
:
278 sp
= dtlk_interrogate();
279 if (copy_to_user(argp
, sp
, sizeof(struct dtlk_settings
)))
284 portval
= inb_p(dtlk_port_tts
);
285 return put_user(portval
, argp
);
292 /* Note that nobody ever sets dtlk_busy... */
293 static int dtlk_open(struct inode
*inode
, struct file
*file
)
295 TRACE_TEXT("(dtlk_open");
298 nonseekable_open(inode
, file
);
299 switch (iminor(inode
)) {
303 return nonseekable_open(inode
, file
);
310 static int dtlk_release(struct inode
*inode
, struct file
*file
)
312 TRACE_TEXT("(dtlk_release");
314 switch (iminor(inode
)) {
323 del_timer_sync(&dtlk_timer
);
328 static int __init
dtlk_init(void)
335 dtlk_major
= register_chrdev(0, "dtlk", &dtlk_fops
);
336 if (dtlk_major
< 0) {
337 printk(KERN_ERR
"DoubleTalk PC - cannot register device\n");
340 err
= dtlk_dev_probe();
342 unregister_chrdev(dtlk_major
, "dtlk");
345 printk(", MAJOR %d\n", dtlk_major
);
347 init_waitqueue_head(&dtlk_process_list
);
352 static void __exit
dtlk_cleanup (void)
354 dtlk_write_bytes("goodbye", 8);
355 msleep_interruptible(500); /* nap 0.50 sec but
360 dtlk_write_tts(DTLK_CLEAR
);
361 unregister_chrdev(dtlk_major
, "dtlk");
362 release_region(dtlk_port_lpc
, DTLK_IO_EXTENT
);
365 module_init(dtlk_init
);
366 module_exit(dtlk_cleanup
);
368 /* ------------------------------------------------------------------------ */
370 static int dtlk_readable(void)
373 printk(" dtlk_readable=%u@%u", inb_p(dtlk_port_lpc
) != 0x7f, jiffies
);
375 return inb_p(dtlk_port_lpc
) != 0x7f;
378 static int dtlk_writeable(void)
380 /* TRACE_TEXT(" dtlk_writeable"); */
382 printk(" dtlk_writeable=%u", (inb_p(dtlk_port_tts
) & TTS_WRITABLE
)!=0);
384 return inb_p(dtlk_port_tts
) & TTS_WRITABLE
;
387 static int __init
dtlk_dev_probe(void)
389 unsigned int testval
= 0;
391 struct dtlk_settings
*sp
;
393 if (dtlk_port_lpc
| dtlk_port_tts
)
396 for (i
= 0; dtlk_portlist
[i
]; i
++) {
398 printk("DoubleTalk PC - Port %03x = %04x\n",
399 dtlk_portlist
[i
], (testval
= inw_p(dtlk_portlist
[i
])));
402 if (!request_region(dtlk_portlist
[i
], DTLK_IO_EXTENT
,
405 testval
= inw_p(dtlk_portlist
[i
]);
406 if ((testval
&= 0xfbff) == 0x107f) {
407 dtlk_port_lpc
= dtlk_portlist
[i
];
408 dtlk_port_tts
= dtlk_port_lpc
+ 1;
410 sp
= dtlk_interrogate();
411 printk("DoubleTalk PC at %03x-%03x, "
412 "ROM version %s, serial number %u",
413 dtlk_portlist
[i
], dtlk_portlist
[i
] +
415 sp
->rom_version
, sp
->serial_number
);
417 /* put LPC port into known state, so
418 dtlk_readable() gives valid result */
419 outb_p(0xff, dtlk_port_lpc
);
421 /* INIT string and index marker */
422 dtlk_write_bytes("\036\1@\0\0012I\r", 8);
423 /* posting an index takes 18 msec. Here, we
424 wait up to 100 msec to see whether it
426 msleep_interruptible(100);
427 dtlk_has_indexing
= dtlk_readable();
429 printk(", indexing %d\n", dtlk_has_indexing
);
433 /* This macro records ten samples read from the LPC port, for later display */
435 for (i = 0; i < 10; i++) \
437 buffer[b++] = inb_p(dtlk_port_lpc); \
438 __delay(loops_per_jiffy/(1000000/HZ)); \
444 outb_p(0xff, dtlk_port_lpc
);
447 dtlk_write_bytes("\0012I\r", 4);
449 __delay(50 * loops_per_jiffy
/ (1000/HZ
));
450 outb_p(0xff, dtlk_port_lpc
);
455 for (j
= 0; j
< b
; j
++)
456 printk(" %02x", buffer
[j
]);
463 /* This macro records ten samples read from the TTS port, for later display */
465 for (i = 0; i < 10; i++) \
467 buffer[b++] = inb_p(dtlk_port_tts); \
468 __delay(loops_per_jiffy/(1000000/HZ)); /* 1 us */ \
473 mdelay(10); /* 10 ms */
475 outb_p(0x03, dtlk_port_tts
);
481 for (j
= 0; j
< b
; j
++)
482 printk(" %02x", buffer
[j
]);
485 #endif /* OUTSCOPE */
487 dtlk_write_bytes("Double Talk found", 18);
491 release_region(dtlk_portlist
[i
], DTLK_IO_EXTENT
);
494 printk(KERN_INFO
"DoubleTalk PC - not found\n");
499 static void dtlk_handle_error(char op, char rc, unsigned int minor)
501 printk(KERN_INFO"\nDoubleTalk PC - MINOR: %d, OPCODE: %d, ERROR: %d\n",
507 /* interrogate the DoubleTalk PC and return its settings */
508 static struct dtlk_settings
*dtlk_interrogate(void)
511 static char buf
[sizeof(struct dtlk_settings
) + 1];
513 static struct dtlk_settings status
;
514 TRACE_TEXT("(dtlk_interrogate");
515 dtlk_write_bytes("\030\001?", 3);
516 for (total
= 0, i
= 0; i
< 50; i
++) {
517 buf
[total
] = dtlk_read_tts();
518 if (total
> 2 && buf
[total
] == 0x7f)
520 if (total
< sizeof(struct dtlk_settings
))
524 if (i==50) printk("interrogate() read overrun\n");
525 for (i=0; i<sizeof(buf); i++)
526 printk(" %02x", buf[i]);
530 status
.serial_number
= t
[0] + t
[1] * 256; /* serial number is
536 status
.rom_version
[i
] = *t
;
537 if (i
< sizeof(status
.rom_version
) - 1)
541 status
.rom_version
[i
] = 0;
545 status
.punc_level
= *t
++;
546 status
.formant_freq
= *t
++;
549 status
.volume
= *t
++;
551 status
.expression
= *t
++;
552 status
.ext_dict_loaded
= *t
++;
553 status
.ext_dict_status
= *t
++;
554 status
.free_ram
= *t
++;
555 status
.articulation
= *t
++;
556 status
.reverb
= *t
++;
558 status
.has_indexing
= dtlk_has_indexing
;
563 static char dtlk_read_tts(void)
565 int portval
, retries
= 0;
567 TRACE_TEXT("(dtlk_read_tts");
569 /* verify DT is ready, read char, wait for ACK */
571 portval
= inb_p(dtlk_port_tts
);
572 } while ((portval
& TTS_READABLE
) == 0 &&
573 retries
++ < DTLK_MAX_RETRIES
);
574 if (retries
== DTLK_MAX_RETRIES
)
575 printk(KERN_ERR
"dtlk_read_tts() timeout\n");
577 ch
= inb_p(dtlk_port_tts
); /* input from TTS port */
579 outb_p(ch
, dtlk_port_tts
);
583 portval
= inb_p(dtlk_port_tts
);
584 } while ((portval
& TTS_READABLE
) != 0 &&
585 retries
++ < DTLK_MAX_RETRIES
);
586 if (retries
== DTLK_MAX_RETRIES
)
587 printk(KERN_ERR
"dtlk_read_tts() timeout\n");
593 static char dtlk_read_lpc(void)
597 TRACE_TEXT("(dtlk_read_lpc");
599 /* no need to test -- this is only called when the port is readable */
601 ch
= inb_p(dtlk_port_lpc
); /* input from LPC port */
603 outb_p(0xff, dtlk_port_lpc
);
605 /* acknowledging a read takes 3-4
606 usec. Here, we wait up to 20 usec
607 for the acknowledgement */
608 retries
= (loops_per_jiffy
* 20) / (1000000/HZ
);
609 while (inb_p(dtlk_port_lpc
) != 0x7f && --retries
> 0);
611 printk(KERN_ERR
"dtlk_read_lpc() timeout\n");
617 /* write n bytes to tts port */
618 static char dtlk_write_bytes(const char *buf
, int n
)
621 /* printk("dtlk_write_bytes(\"%-*s\", %d)\n", n, buf, n); */
622 TRACE_TEXT("(dtlk_write_bytes");
624 val
= dtlk_write_tts(*buf
++);
629 static char dtlk_write_tts(char ch
)
633 printk(" dtlk_write_tts(");
634 if (' ' <= ch
&& ch
<= '~')
637 printk("0x%02x", ch
);
639 if (ch
!= DTLK_CLEAR
) /* no flow control for CLEAR command */
640 while ((inb_p(dtlk_port_tts
) & TTS_WRITABLE
) == 0 &&
641 retries
++ < DTLK_MAX_RETRIES
) /* DT ready? */
643 if (retries
== DTLK_MAX_RETRIES
)
644 printk(KERN_ERR
"dtlk_write_tts() timeout\n");
646 outb_p(ch
, dtlk_port_tts
); /* output to TTS port */
647 /* the RDY bit goes zero 2-3 usec after writing, and goes
648 1 again 180-190 usec later. Here, we wait up to 10
649 usec for the RDY bit to go zero. */
650 for (retries
= 0; retries
< loops_per_jiffy
/ (100000/HZ
); retries
++)
651 if ((inb_p(dtlk_port_tts
) & TTS_WRITABLE
) == 0)
660 MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");