rfkill: honour EPO state when resuming a rfkill controller
[linux-2.6/linux-acpi-2.6/ibm-acpi-2.6.git] / mm / slub.c
blob8927f2924e243036caa88144432778cb4aee68d4
1 /*
2 * SLUB: A slab allocator that limits cache line use instead of queuing
3 * objects in per cpu and per node lists.
5 * The allocator synchronizes using per slab locks and only
6 * uses a centralized lock to manage a pool of partial slabs.
8 * (C) 2007 SGI, Christoph Lameter <clameter@sgi.com>
9 */
11 #include <linux/mm.h>
12 #include <linux/module.h>
13 #include <linux/bit_spinlock.h>
14 #include <linux/interrupt.h>
15 #include <linux/bitops.h>
16 #include <linux/slab.h>
17 #include <linux/seq_file.h>
18 #include <linux/cpu.h>
19 #include <linux/cpuset.h>
20 #include <linux/mempolicy.h>
21 #include <linux/ctype.h>
22 #include <linux/kallsyms.h>
23 #include <linux/memory.h>
26 * Lock order:
27 * 1. slab_lock(page)
28 * 2. slab->list_lock
30 * The slab_lock protects operations on the object of a particular
31 * slab and its metadata in the page struct. If the slab lock
32 * has been taken then no allocations nor frees can be performed
33 * on the objects in the slab nor can the slab be added or removed
34 * from the partial or full lists since this would mean modifying
35 * the page_struct of the slab.
37 * The list_lock protects the partial and full list on each node and
38 * the partial slab counter. If taken then no new slabs may be added or
39 * removed from the lists nor make the number of partial slabs be modified.
40 * (Note that the total number of slabs is an atomic value that may be
41 * modified without taking the list lock).
43 * The list_lock is a centralized lock and thus we avoid taking it as
44 * much as possible. As long as SLUB does not have to handle partial
45 * slabs, operations can continue without any centralized lock. F.e.
46 * allocating a long series of objects that fill up slabs does not require
47 * the list lock.
49 * The lock order is sometimes inverted when we are trying to get a slab
50 * off a list. We take the list_lock and then look for a page on the list
51 * to use. While we do that objects in the slabs may be freed. We can
52 * only operate on the slab if we have also taken the slab_lock. So we use
53 * a slab_trylock() on the slab. If trylock was successful then no frees
54 * can occur anymore and we can use the slab for allocations etc. If the
55 * slab_trylock() does not succeed then frees are in progress in the slab and
56 * we must stay away from it for a while since we may cause a bouncing
57 * cacheline if we try to acquire the lock. So go onto the next slab.
58 * If all pages are busy then we may allocate a new slab instead of reusing
59 * a partial slab. A new slab has noone operating on it and thus there is
60 * no danger of cacheline contention.
62 * Interrupts are disabled during allocation and deallocation in order to
63 * make the slab allocator safe to use in the context of an irq. In addition
64 * interrupts are disabled to ensure that the processor does not change
65 * while handling per_cpu slabs, due to kernel preemption.
67 * SLUB assigns one slab for allocation to each processor.
68 * Allocations only occur from these slabs called cpu slabs.
70 * Slabs with free elements are kept on a partial list and during regular
71 * operations no list for full slabs is used. If an object in a full slab is
72 * freed then the slab will show up again on the partial lists.
73 * We track full slabs for debugging purposes though because otherwise we
74 * cannot scan all objects.
76 * Slabs are freed when they become empty. Teardown and setup is
77 * minimal so we rely on the page allocators per cpu caches for
78 * fast frees and allocs.
80 * Overloading of page flags that are otherwise used for LRU management.
82 * PageActive The slab is frozen and exempt from list processing.
83 * This means that the slab is dedicated to a purpose
84 * such as satisfying allocations for a specific
85 * processor. Objects may be freed in the slab while
86 * it is frozen but slab_free will then skip the usual
87 * list operations. It is up to the processor holding
88 * the slab to integrate the slab into the slab lists
89 * when the slab is no longer needed.
91 * One use of this flag is to mark slabs that are
92 * used for allocations. Then such a slab becomes a cpu
93 * slab. The cpu slab may be equipped with an additional
94 * freelist that allows lockless access to
95 * free objects in addition to the regular freelist
96 * that requires the slab lock.
98 * PageError Slab requires special handling due to debug
99 * options set. This moves slab handling out of
100 * the fast path and disables lockless freelists.
103 #define FROZEN (1 << PG_active)
105 #ifdef CONFIG_SLUB_DEBUG
106 #define SLABDEBUG (1 << PG_error)
107 #else
108 #define SLABDEBUG 0
109 #endif
111 static inline int SlabFrozen(struct page *page)
113 return page->flags & FROZEN;
116 static inline void SetSlabFrozen(struct page *page)
118 page->flags |= FROZEN;
121 static inline void ClearSlabFrozen(struct page *page)
123 page->flags &= ~FROZEN;
126 static inline int SlabDebug(struct page *page)
128 return page->flags & SLABDEBUG;
131 static inline void SetSlabDebug(struct page *page)
133 page->flags |= SLABDEBUG;
136 static inline void ClearSlabDebug(struct page *page)
138 page->flags &= ~SLABDEBUG;
142 * Issues still to be resolved:
144 * - Support PAGE_ALLOC_DEBUG. Should be easy to do.
146 * - Variable sizing of the per node arrays
149 /* Enable to test recovery from slab corruption on boot */
150 #undef SLUB_RESILIENCY_TEST
152 #if PAGE_SHIFT <= 12
155 * Small page size. Make sure that we do not fragment memory
157 #define DEFAULT_MAX_ORDER 1
158 #define DEFAULT_MIN_OBJECTS 4
160 #else
163 * Large page machines are customarily able to handle larger
164 * page orders.
166 #define DEFAULT_MAX_ORDER 2
167 #define DEFAULT_MIN_OBJECTS 8
169 #endif
172 * Mininum number of partial slabs. These will be left on the partial
173 * lists even if they are empty. kmem_cache_shrink may reclaim them.
175 #define MIN_PARTIAL 5
178 * Maximum number of desirable partial slabs.
179 * The existence of more partial slabs makes kmem_cache_shrink
180 * sort the partial list by the number of objects in the.
182 #define MAX_PARTIAL 10
184 #define DEBUG_DEFAULT_FLAGS (SLAB_DEBUG_FREE | SLAB_RED_ZONE | \
185 SLAB_POISON | SLAB_STORE_USER)
188 * Set of flags that will prevent slab merging
190 #define SLUB_NEVER_MERGE (SLAB_RED_ZONE | SLAB_POISON | SLAB_STORE_USER | \
191 SLAB_TRACE | SLAB_DESTROY_BY_RCU)
193 #define SLUB_MERGE_SAME (SLAB_DEBUG_FREE | SLAB_RECLAIM_ACCOUNT | \
194 SLAB_CACHE_DMA)
196 #ifndef ARCH_KMALLOC_MINALIGN
197 #define ARCH_KMALLOC_MINALIGN __alignof__(unsigned long long)
198 #endif
200 #ifndef ARCH_SLAB_MINALIGN
201 #define ARCH_SLAB_MINALIGN __alignof__(unsigned long long)
202 #endif
204 /* Internal SLUB flags */
205 #define __OBJECT_POISON 0x80000000 /* Poison object */
206 #define __SYSFS_ADD_DEFERRED 0x40000000 /* Not yet visible via sysfs */
207 #define __KMALLOC_CACHE 0x20000000 /* objects freed using kfree */
208 #define __PAGE_ALLOC_FALLBACK 0x10000000 /* Allow fallback to page alloc */
210 /* Not all arches define cache_line_size */
211 #ifndef cache_line_size
212 #define cache_line_size() L1_CACHE_BYTES
213 #endif
215 static int kmem_size = sizeof(struct kmem_cache);
217 #ifdef CONFIG_SMP
218 static struct notifier_block slab_notifier;
219 #endif
221 static enum {
222 DOWN, /* No slab functionality available */
223 PARTIAL, /* kmem_cache_open() works but kmalloc does not */
224 UP, /* Everything works but does not show up in sysfs */
225 SYSFS /* Sysfs up */
226 } slab_state = DOWN;
228 /* A list of all slab caches on the system */
229 static DECLARE_RWSEM(slub_lock);
230 static LIST_HEAD(slab_caches);
233 * Tracking user of a slab.
235 struct track {
236 void *addr; /* Called from address */
237 int cpu; /* Was running on cpu */
238 int pid; /* Pid context */
239 unsigned long when; /* When did the operation occur */
242 enum track_item { TRACK_ALLOC, TRACK_FREE };
244 #if defined(CONFIG_SYSFS) && defined(CONFIG_SLUB_DEBUG)
245 static int sysfs_slab_add(struct kmem_cache *);
246 static int sysfs_slab_alias(struct kmem_cache *, const char *);
247 static void sysfs_slab_remove(struct kmem_cache *);
249 #else
250 static inline int sysfs_slab_add(struct kmem_cache *s) { return 0; }
251 static inline int sysfs_slab_alias(struct kmem_cache *s, const char *p)
252 { return 0; }
253 static inline void sysfs_slab_remove(struct kmem_cache *s)
255 kfree(s);
258 #endif
260 static inline void stat(struct kmem_cache_cpu *c, enum stat_item si)
262 #ifdef CONFIG_SLUB_STATS
263 c->stat[si]++;
264 #endif
267 /********************************************************************
268 * Core slab cache functions
269 *******************************************************************/
271 int slab_is_available(void)
273 return slab_state >= UP;
276 static inline struct kmem_cache_node *get_node(struct kmem_cache *s, int node)
278 #ifdef CONFIG_NUMA
279 return s->node[node];
280 #else
281 return &s->local_node;
282 #endif
285 static inline struct kmem_cache_cpu *get_cpu_slab(struct kmem_cache *s, int cpu)
287 #ifdef CONFIG_SMP
288 return s->cpu_slab[cpu];
289 #else
290 return &s->cpu_slab;
291 #endif
294 /* Verify that a pointer has an address that is valid within a slab page */
295 static inline int check_valid_pointer(struct kmem_cache *s,
296 struct page *page, const void *object)
298 void *base;
300 if (!object)
301 return 1;
303 base = page_address(page);
304 if (object < base || object >= base + s->objects * s->size ||
305 (object - base) % s->size) {
306 return 0;
309 return 1;
313 * Slow version of get and set free pointer.
315 * This version requires touching the cache lines of kmem_cache which
316 * we avoid to do in the fast alloc free paths. There we obtain the offset
317 * from the page struct.
319 static inline void *get_freepointer(struct kmem_cache *s, void *object)
321 return *(void **)(object + s->offset);
324 static inline void set_freepointer(struct kmem_cache *s, void *object, void *fp)
326 *(void **)(object + s->offset) = fp;
329 /* Loop over all objects in a slab */
330 #define for_each_object(__p, __s, __addr) \
331 for (__p = (__addr); __p < (__addr) + (__s)->objects * (__s)->size;\
332 __p += (__s)->size)
334 /* Scan freelist */
335 #define for_each_free_object(__p, __s, __free) \
336 for (__p = (__free); __p; __p = get_freepointer((__s), __p))
338 /* Determine object index from a given position */
339 static inline int slab_index(void *p, struct kmem_cache *s, void *addr)
341 return (p - addr) / s->size;
344 #ifdef CONFIG_SLUB_DEBUG
346 * Debug settings:
348 #ifdef CONFIG_SLUB_DEBUG_ON
349 static int slub_debug = DEBUG_DEFAULT_FLAGS;
350 #else
351 static int slub_debug;
352 #endif
354 static char *slub_debug_slabs;
357 * Object debugging
359 static void print_section(char *text, u8 *addr, unsigned int length)
361 int i, offset;
362 int newline = 1;
363 char ascii[17];
365 ascii[16] = 0;
367 for (i = 0; i < length; i++) {
368 if (newline) {
369 printk(KERN_ERR "%8s 0x%p: ", text, addr + i);
370 newline = 0;
372 printk(KERN_CONT " %02x", addr[i]);
373 offset = i % 16;
374 ascii[offset] = isgraph(addr[i]) ? addr[i] : '.';
375 if (offset == 15) {
376 printk(KERN_CONT " %s\n", ascii);
377 newline = 1;
380 if (!newline) {
381 i %= 16;
382 while (i < 16) {
383 printk(KERN_CONT " ");
384 ascii[i] = ' ';
385 i++;
387 printk(KERN_CONT " %s\n", ascii);
391 static struct track *get_track(struct kmem_cache *s, void *object,
392 enum track_item alloc)
394 struct track *p;
396 if (s->offset)
397 p = object + s->offset + sizeof(void *);
398 else
399 p = object + s->inuse;
401 return p + alloc;
404 static void set_track(struct kmem_cache *s, void *object,
405 enum track_item alloc, void *addr)
407 struct track *p;
409 if (s->offset)
410 p = object + s->offset + sizeof(void *);
411 else
412 p = object + s->inuse;
414 p += alloc;
415 if (addr) {
416 p->addr = addr;
417 p->cpu = smp_processor_id();
418 p->pid = current ? current->pid : -1;
419 p->when = jiffies;
420 } else
421 memset(p, 0, sizeof(struct track));
424 static void init_tracking(struct kmem_cache *s, void *object)
426 if (!(s->flags & SLAB_STORE_USER))
427 return;
429 set_track(s, object, TRACK_FREE, NULL);
430 set_track(s, object, TRACK_ALLOC, NULL);
433 static void print_track(const char *s, struct track *t)
435 if (!t->addr)
436 return;
438 printk(KERN_ERR "INFO: %s in ", s);
439 __print_symbol("%s", (unsigned long)t->addr);
440 printk(" age=%lu cpu=%u pid=%d\n", jiffies - t->when, t->cpu, t->pid);
443 static void print_tracking(struct kmem_cache *s, void *object)
445 if (!(s->flags & SLAB_STORE_USER))
446 return;
448 print_track("Allocated", get_track(s, object, TRACK_ALLOC));
449 print_track("Freed", get_track(s, object, TRACK_FREE));
452 static void print_page_info(struct page *page)
454 printk(KERN_ERR "INFO: Slab 0x%p used=%u fp=0x%p flags=0x%04lx\n",
455 page, page->inuse, page->freelist, page->flags);
459 static void slab_bug(struct kmem_cache *s, char *fmt, ...)
461 va_list args;
462 char buf[100];
464 va_start(args, fmt);
465 vsnprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), fmt, args);
466 va_end(args);
467 printk(KERN_ERR "========================================"
468 "=====================================\n");
469 printk(KERN_ERR "BUG %s: %s\n", s->name, buf);
470 printk(KERN_ERR "----------------------------------------"
471 "-------------------------------------\n\n");
474 static void slab_fix(struct kmem_cache *s, char *fmt, ...)
476 va_list args;
477 char buf[100];
479 va_start(args, fmt);
480 vsnprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), fmt, args);
481 va_end(args);
482 printk(KERN_ERR "FIX %s: %s\n", s->name, buf);
485 static void print_trailer(struct kmem_cache *s, struct page *page, u8 *p)
487 unsigned int off; /* Offset of last byte */
488 u8 *addr = page_address(page);
490 print_tracking(s, p);
492 print_page_info(page);
494 printk(KERN_ERR "INFO: Object 0x%p @offset=%tu fp=0x%p\n\n",
495 p, p - addr, get_freepointer(s, p));
497 if (p > addr + 16)
498 print_section("Bytes b4", p - 16, 16);
500 print_section("Object", p, min(s->objsize, 128));
502 if (s->flags & SLAB_RED_ZONE)
503 print_section("Redzone", p + s->objsize,
504 s->inuse - s->objsize);
506 if (s->offset)
507 off = s->offset + sizeof(void *);
508 else
509 off = s->inuse;
511 if (s->flags & SLAB_STORE_USER)
512 off += 2 * sizeof(struct track);
514 if (off != s->size)
515 /* Beginning of the filler is the free pointer */
516 print_section("Padding", p + off, s->size - off);
518 dump_stack();
521 static void object_err(struct kmem_cache *s, struct page *page,
522 u8 *object, char *reason)
524 slab_bug(s, reason);
525 print_trailer(s, page, object);
528 static void slab_err(struct kmem_cache *s, struct page *page, char *fmt, ...)
530 va_list args;
531 char buf[100];
533 va_start(args, fmt);
534 vsnprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), fmt, args);
535 va_end(args);
536 slab_bug(s, fmt);
537 print_page_info(page);
538 dump_stack();
541 static void init_object(struct kmem_cache *s, void *object, int active)
543 u8 *p = object;
545 if (s->flags & __OBJECT_POISON) {
546 memset(p, POISON_FREE, s->objsize - 1);
547 p[s->objsize - 1] = POISON_END;
550 if (s->flags & SLAB_RED_ZONE)
551 memset(p + s->objsize,
552 active ? SLUB_RED_ACTIVE : SLUB_RED_INACTIVE,
553 s->inuse - s->objsize);
556 static u8 *check_bytes(u8 *start, unsigned int value, unsigned int bytes)
558 while (bytes) {
559 if (*start != (u8)value)
560 return start;
561 start++;
562 bytes--;
564 return NULL;
567 static void restore_bytes(struct kmem_cache *s, char *message, u8 data,
568 void *from, void *to)
570 slab_fix(s, "Restoring 0x%p-0x%p=0x%x\n", from, to - 1, data);
571 memset(from, data, to - from);
574 static int check_bytes_and_report(struct kmem_cache *s, struct page *page,
575 u8 *object, char *what,
576 u8 *start, unsigned int value, unsigned int bytes)
578 u8 *fault;
579 u8 *end;
581 fault = check_bytes(start, value, bytes);
582 if (!fault)
583 return 1;
585 end = start + bytes;
586 while (end > fault && end[-1] == value)
587 end--;
589 slab_bug(s, "%s overwritten", what);
590 printk(KERN_ERR "INFO: 0x%p-0x%p. First byte 0x%x instead of 0x%x\n",
591 fault, end - 1, fault[0], value);
592 print_trailer(s, page, object);
594 restore_bytes(s, what, value, fault, end);
595 return 0;
599 * Object layout:
601 * object address
602 * Bytes of the object to be managed.
603 * If the freepointer may overlay the object then the free
604 * pointer is the first word of the object.
606 * Poisoning uses 0x6b (POISON_FREE) and the last byte is
607 * 0xa5 (POISON_END)
609 * object + s->objsize
610 * Padding to reach word boundary. This is also used for Redzoning.
611 * Padding is extended by another word if Redzoning is enabled and
612 * objsize == inuse.
614 * We fill with 0xbb (RED_INACTIVE) for inactive objects and with
615 * 0xcc (RED_ACTIVE) for objects in use.
617 * object + s->inuse
618 * Meta data starts here.
620 * A. Free pointer (if we cannot overwrite object on free)
621 * B. Tracking data for SLAB_STORE_USER
622 * C. Padding to reach required alignment boundary or at mininum
623 * one word if debugging is on to be able to detect writes
624 * before the word boundary.
626 * Padding is done using 0x5a (POISON_INUSE)
628 * object + s->size
629 * Nothing is used beyond s->size.
631 * If slabcaches are merged then the objsize and inuse boundaries are mostly
632 * ignored. And therefore no slab options that rely on these boundaries
633 * may be used with merged slabcaches.
636 static int check_pad_bytes(struct kmem_cache *s, struct page *page, u8 *p)
638 unsigned long off = s->inuse; /* The end of info */
640 if (s->offset)
641 /* Freepointer is placed after the object. */
642 off += sizeof(void *);
644 if (s->flags & SLAB_STORE_USER)
645 /* We also have user information there */
646 off += 2 * sizeof(struct track);
648 if (s->size == off)
649 return 1;
651 return check_bytes_and_report(s, page, p, "Object padding",
652 p + off, POISON_INUSE, s->size - off);
655 static int slab_pad_check(struct kmem_cache *s, struct page *page)
657 u8 *start;
658 u8 *fault;
659 u8 *end;
660 int length;
661 int remainder;
663 if (!(s->flags & SLAB_POISON))
664 return 1;
666 start = page_address(page);
667 end = start + (PAGE_SIZE << s->order);
668 length = s->objects * s->size;
669 remainder = end - (start + length);
670 if (!remainder)
671 return 1;
673 fault = check_bytes(start + length, POISON_INUSE, remainder);
674 if (!fault)
675 return 1;
676 while (end > fault && end[-1] == POISON_INUSE)
677 end--;
679 slab_err(s, page, "Padding overwritten. 0x%p-0x%p", fault, end - 1);
680 print_section("Padding", start, length);
682 restore_bytes(s, "slab padding", POISON_INUSE, start, end);
683 return 0;
686 static int check_object(struct kmem_cache *s, struct page *page,
687 void *object, int active)
689 u8 *p = object;
690 u8 *endobject = object + s->objsize;
692 if (s->flags & SLAB_RED_ZONE) {
693 unsigned int red =
694 active ? SLUB_RED_ACTIVE : SLUB_RED_INACTIVE;
696 if (!check_bytes_and_report(s, page, object, "Redzone",
697 endobject, red, s->inuse - s->objsize))
698 return 0;
699 } else {
700 if ((s->flags & SLAB_POISON) && s->objsize < s->inuse) {
701 check_bytes_and_report(s, page, p, "Alignment padding",
702 endobject, POISON_INUSE, s->inuse - s->objsize);
706 if (s->flags & SLAB_POISON) {
707 if (!active && (s->flags & __OBJECT_POISON) &&
708 (!check_bytes_and_report(s, page, p, "Poison", p,
709 POISON_FREE, s->objsize - 1) ||
710 !check_bytes_and_report(s, page, p, "Poison",
711 p + s->objsize - 1, POISON_END, 1)))
712 return 0;
714 * check_pad_bytes cleans up on its own.
716 check_pad_bytes(s, page, p);
719 if (!s->offset && active)
721 * Object and freepointer overlap. Cannot check
722 * freepointer while object is allocated.
724 return 1;
726 /* Check free pointer validity */
727 if (!check_valid_pointer(s, page, get_freepointer(s, p))) {
728 object_err(s, page, p, "Freepointer corrupt");
730 * No choice but to zap it and thus loose the remainder
731 * of the free objects in this slab. May cause
732 * another error because the object count is now wrong.
734 set_freepointer(s, p, NULL);
735 return 0;
737 return 1;
740 static int check_slab(struct kmem_cache *s, struct page *page)
742 VM_BUG_ON(!irqs_disabled());
744 if (!PageSlab(page)) {
745 slab_err(s, page, "Not a valid slab page");
746 return 0;
748 if (page->inuse > s->objects) {
749 slab_err(s, page, "inuse %u > max %u",
750 s->name, page->inuse, s->objects);
751 return 0;
753 /* Slab_pad_check fixes things up after itself */
754 slab_pad_check(s, page);
755 return 1;
759 * Determine if a certain object on a page is on the freelist. Must hold the
760 * slab lock to guarantee that the chains are in a consistent state.
762 static int on_freelist(struct kmem_cache *s, struct page *page, void *search)
764 int nr = 0;
765 void *fp = page->freelist;
766 void *object = NULL;
768 while (fp && nr <= s->objects) {
769 if (fp == search)
770 return 1;
771 if (!check_valid_pointer(s, page, fp)) {
772 if (object) {
773 object_err(s, page, object,
774 "Freechain corrupt");
775 set_freepointer(s, object, NULL);
776 break;
777 } else {
778 slab_err(s, page, "Freepointer corrupt");
779 page->freelist = NULL;
780 page->inuse = s->objects;
781 slab_fix(s, "Freelist cleared");
782 return 0;
784 break;
786 object = fp;
787 fp = get_freepointer(s, object);
788 nr++;
791 if (page->inuse != s->objects - nr) {
792 slab_err(s, page, "Wrong object count. Counter is %d but "
793 "counted were %d", page->inuse, s->objects - nr);
794 page->inuse = s->objects - nr;
795 slab_fix(s, "Object count adjusted.");
797 return search == NULL;
800 static void trace(struct kmem_cache *s, struct page *page, void *object, int alloc)
802 if (s->flags & SLAB_TRACE) {
803 printk(KERN_INFO "TRACE %s %s 0x%p inuse=%d fp=0x%p\n",
804 s->name,
805 alloc ? "alloc" : "free",
806 object, page->inuse,
807 page->freelist);
809 if (!alloc)
810 print_section("Object", (void *)object, s->objsize);
812 dump_stack();
817 * Tracking of fully allocated slabs for debugging purposes.
819 static void add_full(struct kmem_cache_node *n, struct page *page)
821 spin_lock(&n->list_lock);
822 list_add(&page->lru, &n->full);
823 spin_unlock(&n->list_lock);
826 static void remove_full(struct kmem_cache *s, struct page *page)
828 struct kmem_cache_node *n;
830 if (!(s->flags & SLAB_STORE_USER))
831 return;
833 n = get_node(s, page_to_nid(page));
835 spin_lock(&n->list_lock);
836 list_del(&page->lru);
837 spin_unlock(&n->list_lock);
840 static void setup_object_debug(struct kmem_cache *s, struct page *page,
841 void *object)
843 if (!(s->flags & (SLAB_STORE_USER|SLAB_RED_ZONE|__OBJECT_POISON)))
844 return;
846 init_object(s, object, 0);
847 init_tracking(s, object);
850 static int alloc_debug_processing(struct kmem_cache *s, struct page *page,
851 void *object, void *addr)
853 if (!check_slab(s, page))
854 goto bad;
856 if (!on_freelist(s, page, object)) {
857 object_err(s, page, object, "Object already allocated");
858 goto bad;
861 if (!check_valid_pointer(s, page, object)) {
862 object_err(s, page, object, "Freelist Pointer check fails");
863 goto bad;
866 if (!check_object(s, page, object, 0))
867 goto bad;
869 /* Success perform special debug activities for allocs */
870 if (s->flags & SLAB_STORE_USER)
871 set_track(s, object, TRACK_ALLOC, addr);
872 trace(s, page, object, 1);
873 init_object(s, object, 1);
874 return 1;
876 bad:
877 if (PageSlab(page)) {
879 * If this is a slab page then lets do the best we can
880 * to avoid issues in the future. Marking all objects
881 * as used avoids touching the remaining objects.
883 slab_fix(s, "Marking all objects used");
884 page->inuse = s->objects;
885 page->freelist = NULL;
887 return 0;
890 static int free_debug_processing(struct kmem_cache *s, struct page *page,
891 void *object, void *addr)
893 if (!check_slab(s, page))
894 goto fail;
896 if (!check_valid_pointer(s, page, object)) {
897 slab_err(s, page, "Invalid object pointer 0x%p", object);
898 goto fail;
901 if (on_freelist(s, page, object)) {
902 object_err(s, page, object, "Object already free");
903 goto fail;
906 if (!check_object(s, page, object, 1))
907 return 0;
909 if (unlikely(s != page->slab)) {
910 if (!PageSlab(page)) {
911 slab_err(s, page, "Attempt to free object(0x%p) "
912 "outside of slab", object);
913 } else if (!page->slab) {
914 printk(KERN_ERR
915 "SLUB <none>: no slab for object 0x%p.\n",
916 object);
917 dump_stack();
918 } else
919 object_err(s, page, object,
920 "page slab pointer corrupt.");
921 goto fail;
924 /* Special debug activities for freeing objects */
925 if (!SlabFrozen(page) && !page->freelist)
926 remove_full(s, page);
927 if (s->flags & SLAB_STORE_USER)
928 set_track(s, object, TRACK_FREE, addr);
929 trace(s, page, object, 0);
930 init_object(s, object, 0);
931 return 1;
933 fail:
934 slab_fix(s, "Object at 0x%p not freed", object);
935 return 0;
938 static int __init setup_slub_debug(char *str)
940 slub_debug = DEBUG_DEFAULT_FLAGS;
941 if (*str++ != '=' || !*str)
943 * No options specified. Switch on full debugging.
945 goto out;
947 if (*str == ',')
949 * No options but restriction on slabs. This means full
950 * debugging for slabs matching a pattern.
952 goto check_slabs;
954 slub_debug = 0;
955 if (*str == '-')
957 * Switch off all debugging measures.
959 goto out;
962 * Determine which debug features should be switched on
964 for (; *str && *str != ','; str++) {
965 switch (tolower(*str)) {
966 case 'f':
967 slub_debug |= SLAB_DEBUG_FREE;
968 break;
969 case 'z':
970 slub_debug |= SLAB_RED_ZONE;
971 break;
972 case 'p':
973 slub_debug |= SLAB_POISON;
974 break;
975 case 'u':
976 slub_debug |= SLAB_STORE_USER;
977 break;
978 case 't':
979 slub_debug |= SLAB_TRACE;
980 break;
981 default:
982 printk(KERN_ERR "slub_debug option '%c' "
983 "unknown. skipped\n", *str);
987 check_slabs:
988 if (*str == ',')
989 slub_debug_slabs = str + 1;
990 out:
991 return 1;
994 __setup("slub_debug", setup_slub_debug);
996 static unsigned long kmem_cache_flags(unsigned long objsize,
997 unsigned long flags, const char *name,
998 void (*ctor)(struct kmem_cache *, void *))
1001 * Enable debugging if selected on the kernel commandline.
1003 if (slub_debug && (!slub_debug_slabs ||
1004 strncmp(slub_debug_slabs, name, strlen(slub_debug_slabs)) == 0))
1005 flags |= slub_debug;
1007 return flags;
1009 #else
1010 static inline void setup_object_debug(struct kmem_cache *s,
1011 struct page *page, void *object) {}
1013 static inline int alloc_debug_processing(struct kmem_cache *s,
1014 struct page *page, void *object, void *addr) { return 0; }
1016 static inline int free_debug_processing(struct kmem_cache *s,
1017 struct page *page, void *object, void *addr) { return 0; }
1019 static inline int slab_pad_check(struct kmem_cache *s, struct page *page)
1020 { return 1; }
1021 static inline int check_object(struct kmem_cache *s, struct page *page,
1022 void *object, int active) { return 1; }
1023 static inline void add_full(struct kmem_cache_node *n, struct page *page) {}
1024 static inline unsigned long kmem_cache_flags(unsigned long objsize,
1025 unsigned long flags, const char *name,
1026 void (*ctor)(struct kmem_cache *, void *))
1028 return flags;
1030 #define slub_debug 0
1031 #endif
1033 * Slab allocation and freeing
1035 static struct page *allocate_slab(struct kmem_cache *s, gfp_t flags, int node)
1037 struct page *page;
1038 int pages = 1 << s->order;
1040 flags |= s->allocflags;
1042 if (node == -1)
1043 page = alloc_pages(flags, s->order);
1044 else
1045 page = alloc_pages_node(node, flags, s->order);
1047 if (!page)
1048 return NULL;
1050 mod_zone_page_state(page_zone(page),
1051 (s->flags & SLAB_RECLAIM_ACCOUNT) ?
1052 NR_SLAB_RECLAIMABLE : NR_SLAB_UNRECLAIMABLE,
1053 pages);
1055 return page;
1058 static void setup_object(struct kmem_cache *s, struct page *page,
1059 void *object)
1061 setup_object_debug(s, page, object);
1062 if (unlikely(s->ctor))
1063 s->ctor(s, object);
1066 static struct page *new_slab(struct kmem_cache *s, gfp_t flags, int node)
1068 struct page *page;
1069 struct kmem_cache_node *n;
1070 void *start;
1071 void *last;
1072 void *p;
1074 BUG_ON(flags & GFP_SLAB_BUG_MASK);
1076 page = allocate_slab(s,
1077 flags & (GFP_RECLAIM_MASK | GFP_CONSTRAINT_MASK), node);
1078 if (!page)
1079 goto out;
1081 n = get_node(s, page_to_nid(page));
1082 if (n)
1083 atomic_long_inc(&n->nr_slabs);
1084 page->slab = s;
1085 page->flags |= 1 << PG_slab;
1086 if (s->flags & (SLAB_DEBUG_FREE | SLAB_RED_ZONE | SLAB_POISON |
1087 SLAB_STORE_USER | SLAB_TRACE))
1088 SetSlabDebug(page);
1090 start = page_address(page);
1092 if (unlikely(s->flags & SLAB_POISON))
1093 memset(start, POISON_INUSE, PAGE_SIZE << s->order);
1095 last = start;
1096 for_each_object(p, s, start) {
1097 setup_object(s, page, last);
1098 set_freepointer(s, last, p);
1099 last = p;
1101 setup_object(s, page, last);
1102 set_freepointer(s, last, NULL);
1104 page->freelist = start;
1105 page->inuse = 0;
1106 out:
1107 return page;
1110 static void __free_slab(struct kmem_cache *s, struct page *page)
1112 int pages = 1 << s->order;
1114 if (unlikely(SlabDebug(page))) {
1115 void *p;
1117 slab_pad_check(s, page);
1118 for_each_object(p, s, page_address(page))
1119 check_object(s, page, p, 0);
1120 ClearSlabDebug(page);
1123 mod_zone_page_state(page_zone(page),
1124 (s->flags & SLAB_RECLAIM_ACCOUNT) ?
1125 NR_SLAB_RECLAIMABLE : NR_SLAB_UNRECLAIMABLE,
1126 -pages);
1128 __free_pages(page, s->order);
1131 static void rcu_free_slab(struct rcu_head *h)
1133 struct page *page;
1135 page = container_of((struct list_head *)h, struct page, lru);
1136 __free_slab(page->slab, page);
1139 static void free_slab(struct kmem_cache *s, struct page *page)
1141 if (unlikely(s->flags & SLAB_DESTROY_BY_RCU)) {
1143 * RCU free overloads the RCU head over the LRU
1145 struct rcu_head *head = (void *)&page->lru;
1147 call_rcu(head, rcu_free_slab);
1148 } else
1149 __free_slab(s, page);
1152 static void discard_slab(struct kmem_cache *s, struct page *page)
1154 struct kmem_cache_node *n = get_node(s, page_to_nid(page));
1156 atomic_long_dec(&n->nr_slabs);
1157 reset_page_mapcount(page);
1158 __ClearPageSlab(page);
1159 free_slab(s, page);
1163 * Per slab locking using the pagelock
1165 static __always_inline void slab_lock(struct page *page)
1167 bit_spin_lock(PG_locked, &page->flags);
1170 static __always_inline void slab_unlock(struct page *page)
1172 __bit_spin_unlock(PG_locked, &page->flags);
1175 static __always_inline int slab_trylock(struct page *page)
1177 int rc = 1;
1179 rc = bit_spin_trylock(PG_locked, &page->flags);
1180 return rc;
1184 * Management of partially allocated slabs
1186 static void add_partial(struct kmem_cache_node *n,
1187 struct page *page, int tail)
1189 spin_lock(&n->list_lock);
1190 n->nr_partial++;
1191 if (tail)
1192 list_add_tail(&page->lru, &n->partial);
1193 else
1194 list_add(&page->lru, &n->partial);
1195 spin_unlock(&n->list_lock);
1198 static void remove_partial(struct kmem_cache *s,
1199 struct page *page)
1201 struct kmem_cache_node *n = get_node(s, page_to_nid(page));
1203 spin_lock(&n->list_lock);
1204 list_del(&page->lru);
1205 n->nr_partial--;
1206 spin_unlock(&n->list_lock);
1210 * Lock slab and remove from the partial list.
1212 * Must hold list_lock.
1214 static inline int lock_and_freeze_slab(struct kmem_cache_node *n, struct page *page)
1216 if (slab_trylock(page)) {
1217 list_del(&page->lru);
1218 n->nr_partial--;
1219 SetSlabFrozen(page);
1220 return 1;
1222 return 0;
1226 * Try to allocate a partial slab from a specific node.
1228 static struct page *get_partial_node(struct kmem_cache_node *n)
1230 struct page *page;
1233 * Racy check. If we mistakenly see no partial slabs then we
1234 * just allocate an empty slab. If we mistakenly try to get a
1235 * partial slab and there is none available then get_partials()
1236 * will return NULL.
1238 if (!n || !n->nr_partial)
1239 return NULL;
1241 spin_lock(&n->list_lock);
1242 list_for_each_entry(page, &n->partial, lru)
1243 if (lock_and_freeze_slab(n, page))
1244 goto out;
1245 page = NULL;
1246 out:
1247 spin_unlock(&n->list_lock);
1248 return page;
1252 * Get a page from somewhere. Search in increasing NUMA distances.
1254 static struct page *get_any_partial(struct kmem_cache *s, gfp_t flags)
1256 #ifdef CONFIG_NUMA
1257 struct zonelist *zonelist;
1258 struct zone **z;
1259 struct page *page;
1262 * The defrag ratio allows a configuration of the tradeoffs between
1263 * inter node defragmentation and node local allocations. A lower
1264 * defrag_ratio increases the tendency to do local allocations
1265 * instead of attempting to obtain partial slabs from other nodes.
1267 * If the defrag_ratio is set to 0 then kmalloc() always
1268 * returns node local objects. If the ratio is higher then kmalloc()
1269 * may return off node objects because partial slabs are obtained
1270 * from other nodes and filled up.
1272 * If /sys/kernel/slab/xx/defrag_ratio is set to 100 (which makes
1273 * defrag_ratio = 1000) then every (well almost) allocation will
1274 * first attempt to defrag slab caches on other nodes. This means
1275 * scanning over all nodes to look for partial slabs which may be
1276 * expensive if we do it every time we are trying to find a slab
1277 * with available objects.
1279 if (!s->remote_node_defrag_ratio ||
1280 get_cycles() % 1024 > s->remote_node_defrag_ratio)
1281 return NULL;
1283 zonelist = &NODE_DATA(
1284 slab_node(current->mempolicy))->node_zonelists[gfp_zone(flags)];
1285 for (z = zonelist->zones; *z; z++) {
1286 struct kmem_cache_node *n;
1288 n = get_node(s, zone_to_nid(*z));
1290 if (n && cpuset_zone_allowed_hardwall(*z, flags) &&
1291 n->nr_partial > MIN_PARTIAL) {
1292 page = get_partial_node(n);
1293 if (page)
1294 return page;
1297 #endif
1298 return NULL;
1302 * Get a partial page, lock it and return it.
1304 static struct page *get_partial(struct kmem_cache *s, gfp_t flags, int node)
1306 struct page *page;
1307 int searchnode = (node == -1) ? numa_node_id() : node;
1309 page = get_partial_node(get_node(s, searchnode));
1310 if (page || (flags & __GFP_THISNODE))
1311 return page;
1313 return get_any_partial(s, flags);
1317 * Move a page back to the lists.
1319 * Must be called with the slab lock held.
1321 * On exit the slab lock will have been dropped.
1323 static void unfreeze_slab(struct kmem_cache *s, struct page *page, int tail)
1325 struct kmem_cache_node *n = get_node(s, page_to_nid(page));
1326 struct kmem_cache_cpu *c = get_cpu_slab(s, smp_processor_id());
1328 ClearSlabFrozen(page);
1329 if (page->inuse) {
1331 if (page->freelist) {
1332 add_partial(n, page, tail);
1333 stat(c, tail ? DEACTIVATE_TO_TAIL : DEACTIVATE_TO_HEAD);
1334 } else {
1335 stat(c, DEACTIVATE_FULL);
1336 if (SlabDebug(page) && (s->flags & SLAB_STORE_USER))
1337 add_full(n, page);
1339 slab_unlock(page);
1340 } else {
1341 stat(c, DEACTIVATE_EMPTY);
1342 if (n->nr_partial < MIN_PARTIAL) {
1344 * Adding an empty slab to the partial slabs in order
1345 * to avoid page allocator overhead. This slab needs
1346 * to come after the other slabs with objects in
1347 * so that the others get filled first. That way the
1348 * size of the partial list stays small.
1350 * kmem_cache_shrink can reclaim any empty slabs from the
1351 * partial list.
1353 add_partial(n, page, 1);
1354 slab_unlock(page);
1355 } else {
1356 slab_unlock(page);
1357 stat(get_cpu_slab(s, raw_smp_processor_id()), FREE_SLAB);
1358 discard_slab(s, page);
1364 * Remove the cpu slab
1366 static void deactivate_slab(struct kmem_cache *s, struct kmem_cache_cpu *c)
1368 struct page *page = c->page;
1369 int tail = 1;
1371 if (page->freelist)
1372 stat(c, DEACTIVATE_REMOTE_FREES);
1374 * Merge cpu freelist into slab freelist. Typically we get here
1375 * because both freelists are empty. So this is unlikely
1376 * to occur.
1378 while (unlikely(c->freelist)) {
1379 void **object;
1381 tail = 0; /* Hot objects. Put the slab first */
1383 /* Retrieve object from cpu_freelist */
1384 object = c->freelist;
1385 c->freelist = c->freelist[c->offset];
1387 /* And put onto the regular freelist */
1388 object[c->offset] = page->freelist;
1389 page->freelist = object;
1390 page->inuse--;
1392 c->page = NULL;
1393 unfreeze_slab(s, page, tail);
1396 static inline void flush_slab(struct kmem_cache *s, struct kmem_cache_cpu *c)
1398 stat(c, CPUSLAB_FLUSH);
1399 slab_lock(c->page);
1400 deactivate_slab(s, c);
1404 * Flush cpu slab.
1406 * Called from IPI handler with interrupts disabled.
1408 static inline void __flush_cpu_slab(struct kmem_cache *s, int cpu)
1410 struct kmem_cache_cpu *c = get_cpu_slab(s, cpu);
1412 if (likely(c && c->page))
1413 flush_slab(s, c);
1416 static void flush_cpu_slab(void *d)
1418 struct kmem_cache *s = d;
1420 __flush_cpu_slab(s, smp_processor_id());
1423 static void flush_all(struct kmem_cache *s)
1425 #ifdef CONFIG_SMP
1426 on_each_cpu(flush_cpu_slab, s, 1, 1);
1427 #else
1428 unsigned long flags;
1430 local_irq_save(flags);
1431 flush_cpu_slab(s);
1432 local_irq_restore(flags);
1433 #endif
1437 * Check if the objects in a per cpu structure fit numa
1438 * locality expectations.
1440 static inline int node_match(struct kmem_cache_cpu *c, int node)
1442 #ifdef CONFIG_NUMA
1443 if (node != -1 && c->node != node)
1444 return 0;
1445 #endif
1446 return 1;
1450 * Slow path. The lockless freelist is empty or we need to perform
1451 * debugging duties.
1453 * Interrupts are disabled.
1455 * Processing is still very fast if new objects have been freed to the
1456 * regular freelist. In that case we simply take over the regular freelist
1457 * as the lockless freelist and zap the regular freelist.
1459 * If that is not working then we fall back to the partial lists. We take the
1460 * first element of the freelist as the object to allocate now and move the
1461 * rest of the freelist to the lockless freelist.
1463 * And if we were unable to get a new slab from the partial slab lists then
1464 * we need to allocate a new slab. This is the slowest path since it involves
1465 * a call to the page allocator and the setup of a new slab.
1467 static void *__slab_alloc(struct kmem_cache *s,
1468 gfp_t gfpflags, int node, void *addr, struct kmem_cache_cpu *c)
1470 void **object;
1471 struct page *new;
1473 /* We handle __GFP_ZERO in the caller */
1474 gfpflags &= ~__GFP_ZERO;
1476 if (!c->page)
1477 goto new_slab;
1479 slab_lock(c->page);
1480 if (unlikely(!node_match(c, node)))
1481 goto another_slab;
1483 stat(c, ALLOC_REFILL);
1485 load_freelist:
1486 object = c->page->freelist;
1487 if (unlikely(!object))
1488 goto another_slab;
1489 if (unlikely(SlabDebug(c->page)))
1490 goto debug;
1492 c->freelist = object[c->offset];
1493 c->page->inuse = s->objects;
1494 c->page->freelist = NULL;
1495 c->node = page_to_nid(c->page);
1496 unlock_out:
1497 slab_unlock(c->page);
1498 stat(c, ALLOC_SLOWPATH);
1499 return object;
1501 another_slab:
1502 deactivate_slab(s, c);
1504 new_slab:
1505 new = get_partial(s, gfpflags, node);
1506 if (new) {
1507 c->page = new;
1508 stat(c, ALLOC_FROM_PARTIAL);
1509 goto load_freelist;
1512 if (gfpflags & __GFP_WAIT)
1513 local_irq_enable();
1515 new = new_slab(s, gfpflags, node);
1517 if (gfpflags & __GFP_WAIT)
1518 local_irq_disable();
1520 if (new) {
1521 c = get_cpu_slab(s, smp_processor_id());
1522 stat(c, ALLOC_SLAB);
1523 if (c->page)
1524 flush_slab(s, c);
1525 slab_lock(new);
1526 SetSlabFrozen(new);
1527 c->page = new;
1528 goto load_freelist;
1532 * No memory available.
1534 * If the slab uses higher order allocs but the object is
1535 * smaller than a page size then we can fallback in emergencies
1536 * to the page allocator via kmalloc_large. The page allocator may
1537 * have failed to obtain a higher order page and we can try to
1538 * allocate a single page if the object fits into a single page.
1539 * That is only possible if certain conditions are met that are being
1540 * checked when a slab is created.
1542 if (!(gfpflags & __GFP_NORETRY) &&
1543 (s->flags & __PAGE_ALLOC_FALLBACK)) {
1544 if (gfpflags & __GFP_WAIT)
1545 local_irq_enable();
1546 object = kmalloc_large(s->objsize, gfpflags);
1547 if (gfpflags & __GFP_WAIT)
1548 local_irq_disable();
1549 return object;
1551 return NULL;
1552 debug:
1553 if (!alloc_debug_processing(s, c->page, object, addr))
1554 goto another_slab;
1556 c->page->inuse++;
1557 c->page->freelist = object[c->offset];
1558 c->node = -1;
1559 goto unlock_out;
1563 * Inlined fastpath so that allocation functions (kmalloc, kmem_cache_alloc)
1564 * have the fastpath folded into their functions. So no function call
1565 * overhead for requests that can be satisfied on the fastpath.
1567 * The fastpath works by first checking if the lockless freelist can be used.
1568 * If not then __slab_alloc is called for slow processing.
1570 * Otherwise we can simply pick the next object from the lockless free list.
1572 static __always_inline void *slab_alloc(struct kmem_cache *s,
1573 gfp_t gfpflags, int node, void *addr)
1575 void **object;
1576 struct kmem_cache_cpu *c;
1577 unsigned long flags;
1578 unsigned int objsize;
1580 local_irq_save(flags);
1581 c = get_cpu_slab(s, smp_processor_id());
1582 objsize = c->objsize;
1583 if (unlikely(!c->freelist || !node_match(c, node)))
1585 object = __slab_alloc(s, gfpflags, node, addr, c);
1587 else {
1588 object = c->freelist;
1589 c->freelist = object[c->offset];
1590 stat(c, ALLOC_FASTPATH);
1592 local_irq_restore(flags);
1594 if (unlikely((gfpflags & __GFP_ZERO) && object))
1595 memset(object, 0, objsize);
1597 return object;
1600 void *kmem_cache_alloc(struct kmem_cache *s, gfp_t gfpflags)
1602 return slab_alloc(s, gfpflags, -1, __builtin_return_address(0));
1604 EXPORT_SYMBOL(kmem_cache_alloc);
1606 #ifdef CONFIG_NUMA
1607 void *kmem_cache_alloc_node(struct kmem_cache *s, gfp_t gfpflags, int node)
1609 return slab_alloc(s, gfpflags, node, __builtin_return_address(0));
1611 EXPORT_SYMBOL(kmem_cache_alloc_node);
1612 #endif
1615 * Slow patch handling. This may still be called frequently since objects
1616 * have a longer lifetime than the cpu slabs in most processing loads.
1618 * So we still attempt to reduce cache line usage. Just take the slab
1619 * lock and free the item. If there is no additional partial page
1620 * handling required then we can return immediately.
1622 static void __slab_free(struct kmem_cache *s, struct page *page,
1623 void *x, void *addr, unsigned int offset)
1625 void *prior;
1626 void **object = (void *)x;
1627 struct kmem_cache_cpu *c;
1629 c = get_cpu_slab(s, raw_smp_processor_id());
1630 stat(c, FREE_SLOWPATH);
1631 slab_lock(page);
1633 if (unlikely(SlabDebug(page)))
1634 goto debug;
1636 checks_ok:
1637 prior = object[offset] = page->freelist;
1638 page->freelist = object;
1639 page->inuse--;
1641 if (unlikely(SlabFrozen(page))) {
1642 stat(c, FREE_FROZEN);
1643 goto out_unlock;
1646 if (unlikely(!page->inuse))
1647 goto slab_empty;
1650 * Objects left in the slab. If it was not on the partial list before
1651 * then add it.
1653 if (unlikely(!prior)) {
1654 add_partial(get_node(s, page_to_nid(page)), page, 1);
1655 stat(c, FREE_ADD_PARTIAL);
1658 out_unlock:
1659 slab_unlock(page);
1660 return;
1662 slab_empty:
1663 if (prior) {
1665 * Slab still on the partial list.
1667 remove_partial(s, page);
1668 stat(c, FREE_REMOVE_PARTIAL);
1670 slab_unlock(page);
1671 stat(c, FREE_SLAB);
1672 discard_slab(s, page);
1673 return;
1675 debug:
1676 if (!free_debug_processing(s, page, x, addr))
1677 goto out_unlock;
1678 goto checks_ok;
1682 * Fastpath with forced inlining to produce a kfree and kmem_cache_free that
1683 * can perform fastpath freeing without additional function calls.
1685 * The fastpath is only possible if we are freeing to the current cpu slab
1686 * of this processor. This typically the case if we have just allocated
1687 * the item before.
1689 * If fastpath is not possible then fall back to __slab_free where we deal
1690 * with all sorts of special processing.
1692 static __always_inline void slab_free(struct kmem_cache *s,
1693 struct page *page, void *x, void *addr)
1695 void **object = (void *)x;
1696 struct kmem_cache_cpu *c;
1697 unsigned long flags;
1699 local_irq_save(flags);
1700 c = get_cpu_slab(s, smp_processor_id());
1701 debug_check_no_locks_freed(object, c->objsize);
1702 if (likely(page == c->page && c->node >= 0)) {
1703 object[c->offset] = c->freelist;
1704 c->freelist = object;
1705 stat(c, FREE_FASTPATH);
1706 } else
1707 __slab_free(s, page, x, addr, c->offset);
1709 local_irq_restore(flags);
1712 void kmem_cache_free(struct kmem_cache *s, void *x)
1714 struct page *page;
1716 page = virt_to_head_page(x);
1718 slab_free(s, page, x, __builtin_return_address(0));
1720 EXPORT_SYMBOL(kmem_cache_free);
1722 /* Figure out on which slab object the object resides */
1723 static struct page *get_object_page(const void *x)
1725 struct page *page = virt_to_head_page(x);
1727 if (!PageSlab(page))
1728 return NULL;
1730 return page;
1734 * Object placement in a slab is made very easy because we always start at
1735 * offset 0. If we tune the size of the object to the alignment then we can
1736 * get the required alignment by putting one properly sized object after
1737 * another.
1739 * Notice that the allocation order determines the sizes of the per cpu
1740 * caches. Each processor has always one slab available for allocations.
1741 * Increasing the allocation order reduces the number of times that slabs
1742 * must be moved on and off the partial lists and is therefore a factor in
1743 * locking overhead.
1747 * Mininum / Maximum order of slab pages. This influences locking overhead
1748 * and slab fragmentation. A higher order reduces the number of partial slabs
1749 * and increases the number of allocations possible without having to
1750 * take the list_lock.
1752 static int slub_min_order;
1753 static int slub_max_order = DEFAULT_MAX_ORDER;
1754 static int slub_min_objects = DEFAULT_MIN_OBJECTS;
1757 * Merge control. If this is set then no merging of slab caches will occur.
1758 * (Could be removed. This was introduced to pacify the merge skeptics.)
1760 static int slub_nomerge;
1763 * Calculate the order of allocation given an slab object size.
1765 * The order of allocation has significant impact on performance and other
1766 * system components. Generally order 0 allocations should be preferred since
1767 * order 0 does not cause fragmentation in the page allocator. Larger objects
1768 * be problematic to put into order 0 slabs because there may be too much
1769 * unused space left. We go to a higher order if more than 1/8th of the slab
1770 * would be wasted.
1772 * In order to reach satisfactory performance we must ensure that a minimum
1773 * number of objects is in one slab. Otherwise we may generate too much
1774 * activity on the partial lists which requires taking the list_lock. This is
1775 * less a concern for large slabs though which are rarely used.
1777 * slub_max_order specifies the order where we begin to stop considering the
1778 * number of objects in a slab as critical. If we reach slub_max_order then
1779 * we try to keep the page order as low as possible. So we accept more waste
1780 * of space in favor of a small page order.
1782 * Higher order allocations also allow the placement of more objects in a
1783 * slab and thereby reduce object handling overhead. If the user has
1784 * requested a higher mininum order then we start with that one instead of
1785 * the smallest order which will fit the object.
1787 static inline int slab_order(int size, int min_objects,
1788 int max_order, int fract_leftover)
1790 int order;
1791 int rem;
1792 int min_order = slub_min_order;
1794 for (order = max(min_order,
1795 fls(min_objects * size - 1) - PAGE_SHIFT);
1796 order <= max_order; order++) {
1798 unsigned long slab_size = PAGE_SIZE << order;
1800 if (slab_size < min_objects * size)
1801 continue;
1803 rem = slab_size % size;
1805 if (rem <= slab_size / fract_leftover)
1806 break;
1810 return order;
1813 static inline int calculate_order(int size)
1815 int order;
1816 int min_objects;
1817 int fraction;
1820 * Attempt to find best configuration for a slab. This
1821 * works by first attempting to generate a layout with
1822 * the best configuration and backing off gradually.
1824 * First we reduce the acceptable waste in a slab. Then
1825 * we reduce the minimum objects required in a slab.
1827 min_objects = slub_min_objects;
1828 while (min_objects > 1) {
1829 fraction = 8;
1830 while (fraction >= 4) {
1831 order = slab_order(size, min_objects,
1832 slub_max_order, fraction);
1833 if (order <= slub_max_order)
1834 return order;
1835 fraction /= 2;
1837 min_objects /= 2;
1841 * We were unable to place multiple objects in a slab. Now
1842 * lets see if we can place a single object there.
1844 order = slab_order(size, 1, slub_max_order, 1);
1845 if (order <= slub_max_order)
1846 return order;
1849 * Doh this slab cannot be placed using slub_max_order.
1851 order = slab_order(size, 1, MAX_ORDER, 1);
1852 if (order <= MAX_ORDER)
1853 return order;
1854 return -ENOSYS;
1858 * Figure out what the alignment of the objects will be.
1860 static unsigned long calculate_alignment(unsigned long flags,
1861 unsigned long align, unsigned long size)
1864 * If the user wants hardware cache aligned objects then follow that
1865 * suggestion if the object is sufficiently large.
1867 * The hardware cache alignment cannot override the specified
1868 * alignment though. If that is greater then use it.
1870 if (flags & SLAB_HWCACHE_ALIGN) {
1871 unsigned long ralign = cache_line_size();
1872 while (size <= ralign / 2)
1873 ralign /= 2;
1874 align = max(align, ralign);
1877 if (align < ARCH_SLAB_MINALIGN)
1878 align = ARCH_SLAB_MINALIGN;
1880 return ALIGN(align, sizeof(void *));
1883 static void init_kmem_cache_cpu(struct kmem_cache *s,
1884 struct kmem_cache_cpu *c)
1886 c->page = NULL;
1887 c->freelist = NULL;
1888 c->node = 0;
1889 c->offset = s->offset / sizeof(void *);
1890 c->objsize = s->objsize;
1893 static void init_kmem_cache_node(struct kmem_cache_node *n)
1895 n->nr_partial = 0;
1896 atomic_long_set(&n->nr_slabs, 0);
1897 spin_lock_init(&n->list_lock);
1898 INIT_LIST_HEAD(&n->partial);
1899 #ifdef CONFIG_SLUB_DEBUG
1900 INIT_LIST_HEAD(&n->full);
1901 #endif
1904 #ifdef CONFIG_SMP
1906 * Per cpu array for per cpu structures.
1908 * The per cpu array places all kmem_cache_cpu structures from one processor
1909 * close together meaning that it becomes possible that multiple per cpu
1910 * structures are contained in one cacheline. This may be particularly
1911 * beneficial for the kmalloc caches.
1913 * A desktop system typically has around 60-80 slabs. With 100 here we are
1914 * likely able to get per cpu structures for all caches from the array defined
1915 * here. We must be able to cover all kmalloc caches during bootstrap.
1917 * If the per cpu array is exhausted then fall back to kmalloc
1918 * of individual cachelines. No sharing is possible then.
1920 #define NR_KMEM_CACHE_CPU 100
1922 static DEFINE_PER_CPU(struct kmem_cache_cpu,
1923 kmem_cache_cpu)[NR_KMEM_CACHE_CPU];
1925 static DEFINE_PER_CPU(struct kmem_cache_cpu *, kmem_cache_cpu_free);
1926 static cpumask_t kmem_cach_cpu_free_init_once = CPU_MASK_NONE;
1928 static struct kmem_cache_cpu *alloc_kmem_cache_cpu(struct kmem_cache *s,
1929 int cpu, gfp_t flags)
1931 struct kmem_cache_cpu *c = per_cpu(kmem_cache_cpu_free, cpu);
1933 if (c)
1934 per_cpu(kmem_cache_cpu_free, cpu) =
1935 (void *)c->freelist;
1936 else {
1937 /* Table overflow: So allocate ourselves */
1938 c = kmalloc_node(
1939 ALIGN(sizeof(struct kmem_cache_cpu), cache_line_size()),
1940 flags, cpu_to_node(cpu));
1941 if (!c)
1942 return NULL;
1945 init_kmem_cache_cpu(s, c);
1946 return c;
1949 static void free_kmem_cache_cpu(struct kmem_cache_cpu *c, int cpu)
1951 if (c < per_cpu(kmem_cache_cpu, cpu) ||
1952 c > per_cpu(kmem_cache_cpu, cpu) + NR_KMEM_CACHE_CPU) {
1953 kfree(c);
1954 return;
1956 c->freelist = (void *)per_cpu(kmem_cache_cpu_free, cpu);
1957 per_cpu(kmem_cache_cpu_free, cpu) = c;
1960 static void free_kmem_cache_cpus(struct kmem_cache *s)
1962 int cpu;
1964 for_each_online_cpu(cpu) {
1965 struct kmem_cache_cpu *c = get_cpu_slab(s, cpu);
1967 if (c) {
1968 s->cpu_slab[cpu] = NULL;
1969 free_kmem_cache_cpu(c, cpu);
1974 static int alloc_kmem_cache_cpus(struct kmem_cache *s, gfp_t flags)
1976 int cpu;
1978 for_each_online_cpu(cpu) {
1979 struct kmem_cache_cpu *c = get_cpu_slab(s, cpu);
1981 if (c)
1982 continue;
1984 c = alloc_kmem_cache_cpu(s, cpu, flags);
1985 if (!c) {
1986 free_kmem_cache_cpus(s);
1987 return 0;
1989 s->cpu_slab[cpu] = c;
1991 return 1;
1995 * Initialize the per cpu array.
1997 static void init_alloc_cpu_cpu(int cpu)
1999 int i;
2001 if (cpu_isset(cpu, kmem_cach_cpu_free_init_once))
2002 return;
2004 for (i = NR_KMEM_CACHE_CPU - 1; i >= 0; i--)
2005 free_kmem_cache_cpu(&per_cpu(kmem_cache_cpu, cpu)[i], cpu);
2007 cpu_set(cpu, kmem_cach_cpu_free_init_once);
2010 static void __init init_alloc_cpu(void)
2012 int cpu;
2014 for_each_online_cpu(cpu)
2015 init_alloc_cpu_cpu(cpu);
2018 #else
2019 static inline void free_kmem_cache_cpus(struct kmem_cache *s) {}
2020 static inline void init_alloc_cpu(void) {}
2022 static inline int alloc_kmem_cache_cpus(struct kmem_cache *s, gfp_t flags)
2024 init_kmem_cache_cpu(s, &s->cpu_slab);
2025 return 1;
2027 #endif
2029 #ifdef CONFIG_NUMA
2031 * No kmalloc_node yet so do it by hand. We know that this is the first
2032 * slab on the node for this slabcache. There are no concurrent accesses
2033 * possible.
2035 * Note that this function only works on the kmalloc_node_cache
2036 * when allocating for the kmalloc_node_cache. This is used for bootstrapping
2037 * memory on a fresh node that has no slab structures yet.
2039 static struct kmem_cache_node *early_kmem_cache_node_alloc(gfp_t gfpflags,
2040 int node)
2042 struct page *page;
2043 struct kmem_cache_node *n;
2044 unsigned long flags;
2046 BUG_ON(kmalloc_caches->size < sizeof(struct kmem_cache_node));
2048 page = new_slab(kmalloc_caches, gfpflags, node);
2050 BUG_ON(!page);
2051 if (page_to_nid(page) != node) {
2052 printk(KERN_ERR "SLUB: Unable to allocate memory from "
2053 "node %d\n", node);
2054 printk(KERN_ERR "SLUB: Allocating a useless per node structure "
2055 "in order to be able to continue\n");
2058 n = page->freelist;
2059 BUG_ON(!n);
2060 page->freelist = get_freepointer(kmalloc_caches, n);
2061 page->inuse++;
2062 kmalloc_caches->node[node] = n;
2063 #ifdef CONFIG_SLUB_DEBUG
2064 init_object(kmalloc_caches, n, 1);
2065 init_tracking(kmalloc_caches, n);
2066 #endif
2067 init_kmem_cache_node(n);
2068 atomic_long_inc(&n->nr_slabs);
2071 * lockdep requires consistent irq usage for each lock
2072 * so even though there cannot be a race this early in
2073 * the boot sequence, we still disable irqs.
2075 local_irq_save(flags);
2076 add_partial(n, page, 0);
2077 local_irq_restore(flags);
2078 return n;
2081 static void free_kmem_cache_nodes(struct kmem_cache *s)
2083 int node;
2085 for_each_node_state(node, N_NORMAL_MEMORY) {
2086 struct kmem_cache_node *n = s->node[node];
2087 if (n && n != &s->local_node)
2088 kmem_cache_free(kmalloc_caches, n);
2089 s->node[node] = NULL;
2093 static int init_kmem_cache_nodes(struct kmem_cache *s, gfp_t gfpflags)
2095 int node;
2096 int local_node;
2098 if (slab_state >= UP)
2099 local_node = page_to_nid(virt_to_page(s));
2100 else
2101 local_node = 0;
2103 for_each_node_state(node, N_NORMAL_MEMORY) {
2104 struct kmem_cache_node *n;
2106 if (local_node == node)
2107 n = &s->local_node;
2108 else {
2109 if (slab_state == DOWN) {
2110 n = early_kmem_cache_node_alloc(gfpflags,
2111 node);
2112 continue;
2114 n = kmem_cache_alloc_node(kmalloc_caches,
2115 gfpflags, node);
2117 if (!n) {
2118 free_kmem_cache_nodes(s);
2119 return 0;
2123 s->node[node] = n;
2124 init_kmem_cache_node(n);
2126 return 1;
2128 #else
2129 static void free_kmem_cache_nodes(struct kmem_cache *s)
2133 static int init_kmem_cache_nodes(struct kmem_cache *s, gfp_t gfpflags)
2135 init_kmem_cache_node(&s->local_node);
2136 return 1;
2138 #endif
2141 * calculate_sizes() determines the order and the distribution of data within
2142 * a slab object.
2144 static int calculate_sizes(struct kmem_cache *s)
2146 unsigned long flags = s->flags;
2147 unsigned long size = s->objsize;
2148 unsigned long align = s->align;
2151 * Round up object size to the next word boundary. We can only
2152 * place the free pointer at word boundaries and this determines
2153 * the possible location of the free pointer.
2155 size = ALIGN(size, sizeof(void *));
2157 #ifdef CONFIG_SLUB_DEBUG
2159 * Determine if we can poison the object itself. If the user of
2160 * the slab may touch the object after free or before allocation
2161 * then we should never poison the object itself.
2163 if ((flags & SLAB_POISON) && !(flags & SLAB_DESTROY_BY_RCU) &&
2164 !s->ctor)
2165 s->flags |= __OBJECT_POISON;
2166 else
2167 s->flags &= ~__OBJECT_POISON;
2171 * If we are Redzoning then check if there is some space between the
2172 * end of the object and the free pointer. If not then add an
2173 * additional word to have some bytes to store Redzone information.
2175 if ((flags & SLAB_RED_ZONE) && size == s->objsize)
2176 size += sizeof(void *);
2177 #endif
2180 * With that we have determined the number of bytes in actual use
2181 * by the object. This is the potential offset to the free pointer.
2183 s->inuse = size;
2185 if (((flags & (SLAB_DESTROY_BY_RCU | SLAB_POISON)) ||
2186 s->ctor)) {
2188 * Relocate free pointer after the object if it is not
2189 * permitted to overwrite the first word of the object on
2190 * kmem_cache_free.
2192 * This is the case if we do RCU, have a constructor or
2193 * destructor or are poisoning the objects.
2195 s->offset = size;
2196 size += sizeof(void *);
2199 #ifdef CONFIG_SLUB_DEBUG
2200 if (flags & SLAB_STORE_USER)
2202 * Need to store information about allocs and frees after
2203 * the object.
2205 size += 2 * sizeof(struct track);
2207 if (flags & SLAB_RED_ZONE)
2209 * Add some empty padding so that we can catch
2210 * overwrites from earlier objects rather than let
2211 * tracking information or the free pointer be
2212 * corrupted if an user writes before the start
2213 * of the object.
2215 size += sizeof(void *);
2216 #endif
2219 * Determine the alignment based on various parameters that the
2220 * user specified and the dynamic determination of cache line size
2221 * on bootup.
2223 align = calculate_alignment(flags, align, s->objsize);
2226 * SLUB stores one object immediately after another beginning from
2227 * offset 0. In order to align the objects we have to simply size
2228 * each object to conform to the alignment.
2230 size = ALIGN(size, align);
2231 s->size = size;
2233 if ((flags & __KMALLOC_CACHE) &&
2234 PAGE_SIZE / size < slub_min_objects) {
2236 * Kmalloc cache that would not have enough objects in
2237 * an order 0 page. Kmalloc slabs can fallback to
2238 * page allocator order 0 allocs so take a reasonably large
2239 * order that will allows us a good number of objects.
2241 s->order = max(slub_max_order, PAGE_ALLOC_COSTLY_ORDER);
2242 s->flags |= __PAGE_ALLOC_FALLBACK;
2243 s->allocflags |= __GFP_NOWARN;
2244 } else
2245 s->order = calculate_order(size);
2247 if (s->order < 0)
2248 return 0;
2250 s->allocflags = 0;
2251 if (s->order)
2252 s->allocflags |= __GFP_COMP;
2254 if (s->flags & SLAB_CACHE_DMA)
2255 s->allocflags |= SLUB_DMA;
2257 if (s->flags & SLAB_RECLAIM_ACCOUNT)
2258 s->allocflags |= __GFP_RECLAIMABLE;
2261 * Determine the number of objects per slab
2263 s->objects = (PAGE_SIZE << s->order) / size;
2265 return !!s->objects;
2269 static int kmem_cache_open(struct kmem_cache *s, gfp_t gfpflags,
2270 const char *name, size_t size,
2271 size_t align, unsigned long flags,
2272 void (*ctor)(struct kmem_cache *, void *))
2274 memset(s, 0, kmem_size);
2275 s->name = name;
2276 s->ctor = ctor;
2277 s->objsize = size;
2278 s->align = align;
2279 s->flags = kmem_cache_flags(size, flags, name, ctor);
2281 if (!calculate_sizes(s))
2282 goto error;
2284 s->refcount = 1;
2285 #ifdef CONFIG_NUMA
2286 s->remote_node_defrag_ratio = 100;
2287 #endif
2288 if (!init_kmem_cache_nodes(s, gfpflags & ~SLUB_DMA))
2289 goto error;
2291 if (alloc_kmem_cache_cpus(s, gfpflags & ~SLUB_DMA))
2292 return 1;
2293 free_kmem_cache_nodes(s);
2294 error:
2295 if (flags & SLAB_PANIC)
2296 panic("Cannot create slab %s size=%lu realsize=%u "
2297 "order=%u offset=%u flags=%lx\n",
2298 s->name, (unsigned long)size, s->size, s->order,
2299 s->offset, flags);
2300 return 0;
2304 * Check if a given pointer is valid
2306 int kmem_ptr_validate(struct kmem_cache *s, const void *object)
2308 struct page *page;
2310 page = get_object_page(object);
2312 if (!page || s != page->slab)
2313 /* No slab or wrong slab */
2314 return 0;
2316 if (!check_valid_pointer(s, page, object))
2317 return 0;
2320 * We could also check if the object is on the slabs freelist.
2321 * But this would be too expensive and it seems that the main
2322 * purpose of kmem_ptr_valid() is to check if the object belongs
2323 * to a certain slab.
2325 return 1;
2327 EXPORT_SYMBOL(kmem_ptr_validate);
2330 * Determine the size of a slab object
2332 unsigned int kmem_cache_size(struct kmem_cache *s)
2334 return s->objsize;
2336 EXPORT_SYMBOL(kmem_cache_size);
2338 const char *kmem_cache_name(struct kmem_cache *s)
2340 return s->name;
2342 EXPORT_SYMBOL(kmem_cache_name);
2345 * Attempt to free all slabs on a node. Return the number of slabs we
2346 * were unable to free.
2348 static int free_list(struct kmem_cache *s, struct kmem_cache_node *n,
2349 struct list_head *list)
2351 int slabs_inuse = 0;
2352 unsigned long flags;
2353 struct page *page, *h;
2355 spin_lock_irqsave(&n->list_lock, flags);
2356 list_for_each_entry_safe(page, h, list, lru)
2357 if (!page->inuse) {
2358 list_del(&page->lru);
2359 discard_slab(s, page);
2360 } else
2361 slabs_inuse++;
2362 spin_unlock_irqrestore(&n->list_lock, flags);
2363 return slabs_inuse;
2367 * Release all resources used by a slab cache.
2369 static inline int kmem_cache_close(struct kmem_cache *s)
2371 int node;
2373 flush_all(s);
2375 /* Attempt to free all objects */
2376 free_kmem_cache_cpus(s);
2377 for_each_node_state(node, N_NORMAL_MEMORY) {
2378 struct kmem_cache_node *n = get_node(s, node);
2380 n->nr_partial -= free_list(s, n, &n->partial);
2381 if (atomic_long_read(&n->nr_slabs))
2382 return 1;
2384 free_kmem_cache_nodes(s);
2385 return 0;
2389 * Close a cache and release the kmem_cache structure
2390 * (must be used for caches created using kmem_cache_create)
2392 void kmem_cache_destroy(struct kmem_cache *s)
2394 down_write(&slub_lock);
2395 s->refcount--;
2396 if (!s->refcount) {
2397 list_del(&s->list);
2398 up_write(&slub_lock);
2399 if (kmem_cache_close(s))
2400 WARN_ON(1);
2401 sysfs_slab_remove(s);
2402 } else
2403 up_write(&slub_lock);
2405 EXPORT_SYMBOL(kmem_cache_destroy);
2407 /********************************************************************
2408 * Kmalloc subsystem
2409 *******************************************************************/
2411 struct kmem_cache kmalloc_caches[PAGE_SHIFT + 1] __cacheline_aligned;
2412 EXPORT_SYMBOL(kmalloc_caches);
2414 #ifdef CONFIG_ZONE_DMA
2415 static struct kmem_cache *kmalloc_caches_dma[PAGE_SHIFT + 1];
2416 #endif
2418 static int __init setup_slub_min_order(char *str)
2420 get_option(&str, &slub_min_order);
2422 return 1;
2425 __setup("slub_min_order=", setup_slub_min_order);
2427 static int __init setup_slub_max_order(char *str)
2429 get_option(&str, &slub_max_order);
2431 return 1;
2434 __setup("slub_max_order=", setup_slub_max_order);
2436 static int __init setup_slub_min_objects(char *str)
2438 get_option(&str, &slub_min_objects);
2440 return 1;
2443 __setup("slub_min_objects=", setup_slub_min_objects);
2445 static int __init setup_slub_nomerge(char *str)
2447 slub_nomerge = 1;
2448 return 1;
2451 __setup("slub_nomerge", setup_slub_nomerge);
2453 static struct kmem_cache *create_kmalloc_cache(struct kmem_cache *s,
2454 const char *name, int size, gfp_t gfp_flags)
2456 unsigned int flags = 0;
2458 if (gfp_flags & SLUB_DMA)
2459 flags = SLAB_CACHE_DMA;
2461 down_write(&slub_lock);
2462 if (!kmem_cache_open(s, gfp_flags, name, size, ARCH_KMALLOC_MINALIGN,
2463 flags | __KMALLOC_CACHE, NULL))
2464 goto panic;
2466 list_add(&s->list, &slab_caches);
2467 up_write(&slub_lock);
2468 if (sysfs_slab_add(s))
2469 goto panic;
2470 return s;
2472 panic:
2473 panic("Creation of kmalloc slab %s size=%d failed.\n", name, size);
2476 #ifdef CONFIG_ZONE_DMA
2478 static void sysfs_add_func(struct work_struct *w)
2480 struct kmem_cache *s;
2482 down_write(&slub_lock);
2483 list_for_each_entry(s, &slab_caches, list) {
2484 if (s->flags & __SYSFS_ADD_DEFERRED) {
2485 s->flags &= ~__SYSFS_ADD_DEFERRED;
2486 sysfs_slab_add(s);
2489 up_write(&slub_lock);
2492 static DECLARE_WORK(sysfs_add_work, sysfs_add_func);
2494 static noinline struct kmem_cache *dma_kmalloc_cache(int index, gfp_t flags)
2496 struct kmem_cache *s;
2497 char *text;
2498 size_t realsize;
2500 s = kmalloc_caches_dma[index];
2501 if (s)
2502 return s;
2504 /* Dynamically create dma cache */
2505 if (flags & __GFP_WAIT)
2506 down_write(&slub_lock);
2507 else {
2508 if (!down_write_trylock(&slub_lock))
2509 goto out;
2512 if (kmalloc_caches_dma[index])
2513 goto unlock_out;
2515 realsize = kmalloc_caches[index].objsize;
2516 text = kasprintf(flags & ~SLUB_DMA, "kmalloc_dma-%d",
2517 (unsigned int)realsize);
2518 s = kmalloc(kmem_size, flags & ~SLUB_DMA);
2520 if (!s || !text || !kmem_cache_open(s, flags, text,
2521 realsize, ARCH_KMALLOC_MINALIGN,
2522 SLAB_CACHE_DMA|__SYSFS_ADD_DEFERRED, NULL)) {
2523 kfree(s);
2524 kfree(text);
2525 goto unlock_out;
2528 list_add(&s->list, &slab_caches);
2529 kmalloc_caches_dma[index] = s;
2531 schedule_work(&sysfs_add_work);
2533 unlock_out:
2534 up_write(&slub_lock);
2535 out:
2536 return kmalloc_caches_dma[index];
2538 #endif
2541 * Conversion table for small slabs sizes / 8 to the index in the
2542 * kmalloc array. This is necessary for slabs < 192 since we have non power
2543 * of two cache sizes there. The size of larger slabs can be determined using
2544 * fls.
2546 static s8 size_index[24] = {
2547 3, /* 8 */
2548 4, /* 16 */
2549 5, /* 24 */
2550 5, /* 32 */
2551 6, /* 40 */
2552 6, /* 48 */
2553 6, /* 56 */
2554 6, /* 64 */
2555 1, /* 72 */
2556 1, /* 80 */
2557 1, /* 88 */
2558 1, /* 96 */
2559 7, /* 104 */
2560 7, /* 112 */
2561 7, /* 120 */
2562 7, /* 128 */
2563 2, /* 136 */
2564 2, /* 144 */
2565 2, /* 152 */
2566 2, /* 160 */
2567 2, /* 168 */
2568 2, /* 176 */
2569 2, /* 184 */
2570 2 /* 192 */
2573 static struct kmem_cache *get_slab(size_t size, gfp_t flags)
2575 int index;
2577 if (size <= 192) {
2578 if (!size)
2579 return ZERO_SIZE_PTR;
2581 index = size_index[(size - 1) / 8];
2582 } else
2583 index = fls(size - 1);
2585 #ifdef CONFIG_ZONE_DMA
2586 if (unlikely((flags & SLUB_DMA)))
2587 return dma_kmalloc_cache(index, flags);
2589 #endif
2590 return &kmalloc_caches[index];
2593 void *__kmalloc(size_t size, gfp_t flags)
2595 struct kmem_cache *s;
2597 if (unlikely(size > PAGE_SIZE))
2598 return kmalloc_large(size, flags);
2600 s = get_slab(size, flags);
2602 if (unlikely(ZERO_OR_NULL_PTR(s)))
2603 return s;
2605 return slab_alloc(s, flags, -1, __builtin_return_address(0));
2607 EXPORT_SYMBOL(__kmalloc);
2609 static void *kmalloc_large_node(size_t size, gfp_t flags, int node)
2611 struct page *page = alloc_pages_node(node, flags | __GFP_COMP,
2612 get_order(size));
2614 if (page)
2615 return page_address(page);
2616 else
2617 return NULL;
2620 #ifdef CONFIG_NUMA
2621 void *__kmalloc_node(size_t size, gfp_t flags, int node)
2623 struct kmem_cache *s;
2625 if (unlikely(size > PAGE_SIZE))
2626 return kmalloc_large_node(size, flags, node);
2628 s = get_slab(size, flags);
2630 if (unlikely(ZERO_OR_NULL_PTR(s)))
2631 return s;
2633 return slab_alloc(s, flags, node, __builtin_return_address(0));
2635 EXPORT_SYMBOL(__kmalloc_node);
2636 #endif
2638 size_t ksize(const void *object)
2640 struct page *page;
2641 struct kmem_cache *s;
2643 if (unlikely(object == ZERO_SIZE_PTR))
2644 return 0;
2646 page = virt_to_head_page(object);
2648 if (unlikely(!PageSlab(page)))
2649 return PAGE_SIZE << compound_order(page);
2651 s = page->slab;
2653 #ifdef CONFIG_SLUB_DEBUG
2655 * Debugging requires use of the padding between object
2656 * and whatever may come after it.
2658 if (s->flags & (SLAB_RED_ZONE | SLAB_POISON))
2659 return s->objsize;
2661 #endif
2663 * If we have the need to store the freelist pointer
2664 * back there or track user information then we can
2665 * only use the space before that information.
2667 if (s->flags & (SLAB_DESTROY_BY_RCU | SLAB_STORE_USER))
2668 return s->inuse;
2670 * Else we can use all the padding etc for the allocation
2672 return s->size;
2674 EXPORT_SYMBOL(ksize);
2676 void kfree(const void *x)
2678 struct page *page;
2679 void *object = (void *)x;
2681 if (unlikely(ZERO_OR_NULL_PTR(x)))
2682 return;
2684 page = virt_to_head_page(x);
2685 if (unlikely(!PageSlab(page))) {
2686 put_page(page);
2687 return;
2689 slab_free(page->slab, page, object, __builtin_return_address(0));
2691 EXPORT_SYMBOL(kfree);
2693 #if defined(CONFIG_SLUB_DEBUG) || defined(CONFIG_SLABINFO)
2694 static unsigned long count_partial(struct kmem_cache_node *n)
2696 unsigned long flags;
2697 unsigned long x = 0;
2698 struct page *page;
2700 spin_lock_irqsave(&n->list_lock, flags);
2701 list_for_each_entry(page, &n->partial, lru)
2702 x += page->inuse;
2703 spin_unlock_irqrestore(&n->list_lock, flags);
2704 return x;
2706 #endif
2709 * kmem_cache_shrink removes empty slabs from the partial lists and sorts
2710 * the remaining slabs by the number of items in use. The slabs with the
2711 * most items in use come first. New allocations will then fill those up
2712 * and thus they can be removed from the partial lists.
2714 * The slabs with the least items are placed last. This results in them
2715 * being allocated from last increasing the chance that the last objects
2716 * are freed in them.
2718 int kmem_cache_shrink(struct kmem_cache *s)
2720 int node;
2721 int i;
2722 struct kmem_cache_node *n;
2723 struct page *page;
2724 struct page *t;
2725 struct list_head *slabs_by_inuse =
2726 kmalloc(sizeof(struct list_head) * s->objects, GFP_KERNEL);
2727 unsigned long flags;
2729 if (!slabs_by_inuse)
2730 return -ENOMEM;
2732 flush_all(s);
2733 for_each_node_state(node, N_NORMAL_MEMORY) {
2734 n = get_node(s, node);
2736 if (!n->nr_partial)
2737 continue;
2739 for (i = 0; i < s->objects; i++)
2740 INIT_LIST_HEAD(slabs_by_inuse + i);
2742 spin_lock_irqsave(&n->list_lock, flags);
2745 * Build lists indexed by the items in use in each slab.
2747 * Note that concurrent frees may occur while we hold the
2748 * list_lock. page->inuse here is the upper limit.
2750 list_for_each_entry_safe(page, t, &n->partial, lru) {
2751 if (!page->inuse && slab_trylock(page)) {
2753 * Must hold slab lock here because slab_free
2754 * may have freed the last object and be
2755 * waiting to release the slab.
2757 list_del(&page->lru);
2758 n->nr_partial--;
2759 slab_unlock(page);
2760 discard_slab(s, page);
2761 } else {
2762 list_move(&page->lru,
2763 slabs_by_inuse + page->inuse);
2768 * Rebuild the partial list with the slabs filled up most
2769 * first and the least used slabs at the end.
2771 for (i = s->objects - 1; i >= 0; i--)
2772 list_splice(slabs_by_inuse + i, n->partial.prev);
2774 spin_unlock_irqrestore(&n->list_lock, flags);
2777 kfree(slabs_by_inuse);
2778 return 0;
2780 EXPORT_SYMBOL(kmem_cache_shrink);
2782 #if defined(CONFIG_NUMA) && defined(CONFIG_MEMORY_HOTPLUG)
2783 static int slab_mem_going_offline_callback(void *arg)
2785 struct kmem_cache *s;
2787 down_read(&slub_lock);
2788 list_for_each_entry(s, &slab_caches, list)
2789 kmem_cache_shrink(s);
2790 up_read(&slub_lock);
2792 return 0;
2795 static void slab_mem_offline_callback(void *arg)
2797 struct kmem_cache_node *n;
2798 struct kmem_cache *s;
2799 struct memory_notify *marg = arg;
2800 int offline_node;
2802 offline_node = marg->status_change_nid;
2805 * If the node still has available memory. we need kmem_cache_node
2806 * for it yet.
2808 if (offline_node < 0)
2809 return;
2811 down_read(&slub_lock);
2812 list_for_each_entry(s, &slab_caches, list) {
2813 n = get_node(s, offline_node);
2814 if (n) {
2816 * if n->nr_slabs > 0, slabs still exist on the node
2817 * that is going down. We were unable to free them,
2818 * and offline_pages() function shoudn't call this
2819 * callback. So, we must fail.
2821 BUG_ON(atomic_long_read(&n->nr_slabs));
2823 s->node[offline_node] = NULL;
2824 kmem_cache_free(kmalloc_caches, n);
2827 up_read(&slub_lock);
2830 static int slab_mem_going_online_callback(void *arg)
2832 struct kmem_cache_node *n;
2833 struct kmem_cache *s;
2834 struct memory_notify *marg = arg;
2835 int nid = marg->status_change_nid;
2836 int ret = 0;
2839 * If the node's memory is already available, then kmem_cache_node is
2840 * already created. Nothing to do.
2842 if (nid < 0)
2843 return 0;
2846 * We are bringing a node online. No memory is availabe yet. We must
2847 * allocate a kmem_cache_node structure in order to bring the node
2848 * online.
2850 down_read(&slub_lock);
2851 list_for_each_entry(s, &slab_caches, list) {
2853 * XXX: kmem_cache_alloc_node will fallback to other nodes
2854 * since memory is not yet available from the node that
2855 * is brought up.
2857 n = kmem_cache_alloc(kmalloc_caches, GFP_KERNEL);
2858 if (!n) {
2859 ret = -ENOMEM;
2860 goto out;
2862 init_kmem_cache_node(n);
2863 s->node[nid] = n;
2865 out:
2866 up_read(&slub_lock);
2867 return ret;
2870 static int slab_memory_callback(struct notifier_block *self,
2871 unsigned long action, void *arg)
2873 int ret = 0;
2875 switch (action) {
2876 case MEM_GOING_ONLINE:
2877 ret = slab_mem_going_online_callback(arg);
2878 break;
2879 case MEM_GOING_OFFLINE:
2880 ret = slab_mem_going_offline_callback(arg);
2881 break;
2882 case MEM_OFFLINE:
2883 case MEM_CANCEL_ONLINE:
2884 slab_mem_offline_callback(arg);
2885 break;
2886 case MEM_ONLINE:
2887 case MEM_CANCEL_OFFLINE:
2888 break;
2891 ret = notifier_from_errno(ret);
2892 return ret;
2895 #endif /* CONFIG_MEMORY_HOTPLUG */
2897 /********************************************************************
2898 * Basic setup of slabs
2899 *******************************************************************/
2901 void __init kmem_cache_init(void)
2903 int i;
2904 int caches = 0;
2906 init_alloc_cpu();
2908 #ifdef CONFIG_NUMA
2910 * Must first have the slab cache available for the allocations of the
2911 * struct kmem_cache_node's. There is special bootstrap code in
2912 * kmem_cache_open for slab_state == DOWN.
2914 create_kmalloc_cache(&kmalloc_caches[0], "kmem_cache_node",
2915 sizeof(struct kmem_cache_node), GFP_KERNEL);
2916 kmalloc_caches[0].refcount = -1;
2917 caches++;
2919 hotplug_memory_notifier(slab_memory_callback, 1);
2920 #endif
2922 /* Able to allocate the per node structures */
2923 slab_state = PARTIAL;
2925 /* Caches that are not of the two-to-the-power-of size */
2926 if (KMALLOC_MIN_SIZE <= 64) {
2927 create_kmalloc_cache(&kmalloc_caches[1],
2928 "kmalloc-96", 96, GFP_KERNEL);
2929 caches++;
2931 if (KMALLOC_MIN_SIZE <= 128) {
2932 create_kmalloc_cache(&kmalloc_caches[2],
2933 "kmalloc-192", 192, GFP_KERNEL);
2934 caches++;
2937 for (i = KMALLOC_SHIFT_LOW; i <= PAGE_SHIFT; i++) {
2938 create_kmalloc_cache(&kmalloc_caches[i],
2939 "kmalloc", 1 << i, GFP_KERNEL);
2940 caches++;
2945 * Patch up the size_index table if we have strange large alignment
2946 * requirements for the kmalloc array. This is only the case for
2947 * MIPS it seems. The standard arches will not generate any code here.
2949 * Largest permitted alignment is 256 bytes due to the way we
2950 * handle the index determination for the smaller caches.
2952 * Make sure that nothing crazy happens if someone starts tinkering
2953 * around with ARCH_KMALLOC_MINALIGN
2955 BUILD_BUG_ON(KMALLOC_MIN_SIZE > 256 ||
2956 (KMALLOC_MIN_SIZE & (KMALLOC_MIN_SIZE - 1)));
2958 for (i = 8; i < KMALLOC_MIN_SIZE; i += 8)
2959 size_index[(i - 1) / 8] = KMALLOC_SHIFT_LOW;
2961 slab_state = UP;
2963 /* Provide the correct kmalloc names now that the caches are up */
2964 for (i = KMALLOC_SHIFT_LOW; i <= PAGE_SHIFT; i++)
2965 kmalloc_caches[i]. name =
2966 kasprintf(GFP_KERNEL, "kmalloc-%d", 1 << i);
2968 #ifdef CONFIG_SMP
2969 register_cpu_notifier(&slab_notifier);
2970 kmem_size = offsetof(struct kmem_cache, cpu_slab) +
2971 nr_cpu_ids * sizeof(struct kmem_cache_cpu *);
2972 #else
2973 kmem_size = sizeof(struct kmem_cache);
2974 #endif
2976 printk(KERN_INFO
2977 "SLUB: Genslabs=%d, HWalign=%d, Order=%d-%d, MinObjects=%d,"
2978 " CPUs=%d, Nodes=%d\n",
2979 caches, cache_line_size(),
2980 slub_min_order, slub_max_order, slub_min_objects,
2981 nr_cpu_ids, nr_node_ids);
2985 * Find a mergeable slab cache
2987 static int slab_unmergeable(struct kmem_cache *s)
2989 if (slub_nomerge || (s->flags & SLUB_NEVER_MERGE))
2990 return 1;
2992 if ((s->flags & __PAGE_ALLOC_FALLBACK))
2993 return 1;
2995 if (s->ctor)
2996 return 1;
2999 * We may have set a slab to be unmergeable during bootstrap.
3001 if (s->refcount < 0)
3002 return 1;
3004 return 0;
3007 static struct kmem_cache *find_mergeable(size_t size,
3008 size_t align, unsigned long flags, const char *name,
3009 void (*ctor)(struct kmem_cache *, void *))
3011 struct kmem_cache *s;
3013 if (slub_nomerge || (flags & SLUB_NEVER_MERGE))
3014 return NULL;
3016 if (ctor)
3017 return NULL;
3019 size = ALIGN(size, sizeof(void *));
3020 align = calculate_alignment(flags, align, size);
3021 size = ALIGN(size, align);
3022 flags = kmem_cache_flags(size, flags, name, NULL);
3024 list_for_each_entry(s, &slab_caches, list) {
3025 if (slab_unmergeable(s))
3026 continue;
3028 if (size > s->size)
3029 continue;
3031 if ((flags & SLUB_MERGE_SAME) != (s->flags & SLUB_MERGE_SAME))
3032 continue;
3034 * Check if alignment is compatible.
3035 * Courtesy of Adrian Drzewiecki
3037 if ((s->size & ~(align - 1)) != s->size)
3038 continue;
3040 if (s->size - size >= sizeof(void *))
3041 continue;
3043 return s;
3045 return NULL;
3048 struct kmem_cache *kmem_cache_create(const char *name, size_t size,
3049 size_t align, unsigned long flags,
3050 void (*ctor)(struct kmem_cache *, void *))
3052 struct kmem_cache *s;
3054 down_write(&slub_lock);
3055 s = find_mergeable(size, align, flags, name, ctor);
3056 if (s) {
3057 int cpu;
3059 s->refcount++;
3061 * Adjust the object sizes so that we clear
3062 * the complete object on kzalloc.
3064 s->objsize = max(s->objsize, (int)size);
3067 * And then we need to update the object size in the
3068 * per cpu structures
3070 for_each_online_cpu(cpu)
3071 get_cpu_slab(s, cpu)->objsize = s->objsize;
3073 s->inuse = max_t(int, s->inuse, ALIGN(size, sizeof(void *)));
3074 up_write(&slub_lock);
3076 if (sysfs_slab_alias(s, name))
3077 goto err;
3078 return s;
3081 s = kmalloc(kmem_size, GFP_KERNEL);
3082 if (s) {
3083 if (kmem_cache_open(s, GFP_KERNEL, name,
3084 size, align, flags, ctor)) {
3085 list_add(&s->list, &slab_caches);
3086 up_write(&slub_lock);
3087 if (sysfs_slab_add(s))
3088 goto err;
3089 return s;
3091 kfree(s);
3093 up_write(&slub_lock);
3095 err:
3096 if (flags & SLAB_PANIC)
3097 panic("Cannot create slabcache %s\n", name);
3098 else
3099 s = NULL;
3100 return s;
3102 EXPORT_SYMBOL(kmem_cache_create);
3104 #ifdef CONFIG_SMP
3106 * Use the cpu notifier to insure that the cpu slabs are flushed when
3107 * necessary.
3109 static int __cpuinit slab_cpuup_callback(struct notifier_block *nfb,
3110 unsigned long action, void *hcpu)
3112 long cpu = (long)hcpu;
3113 struct kmem_cache *s;
3114 unsigned long flags;
3116 switch (action) {
3117 case CPU_UP_PREPARE:
3118 case CPU_UP_PREPARE_FROZEN:
3119 init_alloc_cpu_cpu(cpu);
3120 down_read(&slub_lock);
3121 list_for_each_entry(s, &slab_caches, list)
3122 s->cpu_slab[cpu] = alloc_kmem_cache_cpu(s, cpu,
3123 GFP_KERNEL);
3124 up_read(&slub_lock);
3125 break;
3127 case CPU_UP_CANCELED:
3128 case CPU_UP_CANCELED_FROZEN:
3129 case CPU_DEAD:
3130 case CPU_DEAD_FROZEN:
3131 down_read(&slub_lock);
3132 list_for_each_entry(s, &slab_caches, list) {
3133 struct kmem_cache_cpu *c = get_cpu_slab(s, cpu);
3135 local_irq_save(flags);
3136 __flush_cpu_slab(s, cpu);
3137 local_irq_restore(flags);
3138 free_kmem_cache_cpu(c, cpu);
3139 s->cpu_slab[cpu] = NULL;
3141 up_read(&slub_lock);
3142 break;
3143 default:
3144 break;
3146 return NOTIFY_OK;
3149 static struct notifier_block __cpuinitdata slab_notifier = {
3150 .notifier_call = slab_cpuup_callback
3153 #endif
3155 void *__kmalloc_track_caller(size_t size, gfp_t gfpflags, void *caller)
3157 struct kmem_cache *s;
3159 if (unlikely(size > PAGE_SIZE))
3160 return kmalloc_large(size, gfpflags);
3162 s = get_slab(size, gfpflags);
3164 if (unlikely(ZERO_OR_NULL_PTR(s)))
3165 return s;
3167 return slab_alloc(s, gfpflags, -1, caller);
3170 void *__kmalloc_node_track_caller(size_t size, gfp_t gfpflags,
3171 int node, void *caller)
3173 struct kmem_cache *s;
3175 if (unlikely(size > PAGE_SIZE))
3176 return kmalloc_large_node(size, gfpflags, node);
3178 s = get_slab(size, gfpflags);
3180 if (unlikely(ZERO_OR_NULL_PTR(s)))
3181 return s;
3183 return slab_alloc(s, gfpflags, node, caller);
3186 #if defined(CONFIG_SYSFS) && defined(CONFIG_SLUB_DEBUG)
3187 static int validate_slab(struct kmem_cache *s, struct page *page,
3188 unsigned long *map)
3190 void *p;
3191 void *addr = page_address(page);
3193 if (!check_slab(s, page) ||
3194 !on_freelist(s, page, NULL))
3195 return 0;
3197 /* Now we know that a valid freelist exists */
3198 bitmap_zero(map, s->objects);
3200 for_each_free_object(p, s, page->freelist) {
3201 set_bit(slab_index(p, s, addr), map);
3202 if (!check_object(s, page, p, 0))
3203 return 0;
3206 for_each_object(p, s, addr)
3207 if (!test_bit(slab_index(p, s, addr), map))
3208 if (!check_object(s, page, p, 1))
3209 return 0;
3210 return 1;
3213 static void validate_slab_slab(struct kmem_cache *s, struct page *page,
3214 unsigned long *map)
3216 if (slab_trylock(page)) {
3217 validate_slab(s, page, map);
3218 slab_unlock(page);
3219 } else
3220 printk(KERN_INFO "SLUB %s: Skipped busy slab 0x%p\n",
3221 s->name, page);
3223 if (s->flags & DEBUG_DEFAULT_FLAGS) {
3224 if (!SlabDebug(page))
3225 printk(KERN_ERR "SLUB %s: SlabDebug not set "
3226 "on slab 0x%p\n", s->name, page);
3227 } else {
3228 if (SlabDebug(page))
3229 printk(KERN_ERR "SLUB %s: SlabDebug set on "
3230 "slab 0x%p\n", s->name, page);
3234 static int validate_slab_node(struct kmem_cache *s,
3235 struct kmem_cache_node *n, unsigned long *map)
3237 unsigned long count = 0;
3238 struct page *page;
3239 unsigned long flags;
3241 spin_lock_irqsave(&n->list_lock, flags);
3243 list_for_each_entry(page, &n->partial, lru) {
3244 validate_slab_slab(s, page, map);
3245 count++;
3247 if (count != n->nr_partial)
3248 printk(KERN_ERR "SLUB %s: %ld partial slabs counted but "
3249 "counter=%ld\n", s->name, count, n->nr_partial);
3251 if (!(s->flags & SLAB_STORE_USER))
3252 goto out;
3254 list_for_each_entry(page, &n->full, lru) {
3255 validate_slab_slab(s, page, map);
3256 count++;
3258 if (count != atomic_long_read(&n->nr_slabs))
3259 printk(KERN_ERR "SLUB: %s %ld slabs counted but "
3260 "counter=%ld\n", s->name, count,
3261 atomic_long_read(&n->nr_slabs));
3263 out:
3264 spin_unlock_irqrestore(&n->list_lock, flags);
3265 return count;
3268 static long validate_slab_cache(struct kmem_cache *s)
3270 int node;
3271 unsigned long count = 0;
3272 unsigned long *map = kmalloc(BITS_TO_LONGS(s->objects) *
3273 sizeof(unsigned long), GFP_KERNEL);
3275 if (!map)
3276 return -ENOMEM;
3278 flush_all(s);
3279 for_each_node_state(node, N_NORMAL_MEMORY) {
3280 struct kmem_cache_node *n = get_node(s, node);
3282 count += validate_slab_node(s, n, map);
3284 kfree(map);
3285 return count;
3288 #ifdef SLUB_RESILIENCY_TEST
3289 static void resiliency_test(void)
3291 u8 *p;
3293 printk(KERN_ERR "SLUB resiliency testing\n");
3294 printk(KERN_ERR "-----------------------\n");
3295 printk(KERN_ERR "A. Corruption after allocation\n");
3297 p = kzalloc(16, GFP_KERNEL);
3298 p[16] = 0x12;
3299 printk(KERN_ERR "\n1. kmalloc-16: Clobber Redzone/next pointer"
3300 " 0x12->0x%p\n\n", p + 16);
3302 validate_slab_cache(kmalloc_caches + 4);
3304 /* Hmmm... The next two are dangerous */
3305 p = kzalloc(32, GFP_KERNEL);
3306 p[32 + sizeof(void *)] = 0x34;
3307 printk(KERN_ERR "\n2. kmalloc-32: Clobber next pointer/next slab"
3308 " 0x34 -> -0x%p\n", p);
3309 printk(KERN_ERR
3310 "If allocated object is overwritten then not detectable\n\n");
3312 validate_slab_cache(kmalloc_caches + 5);
3313 p = kzalloc(64, GFP_KERNEL);
3314 p += 64 + (get_cycles() & 0xff) * sizeof(void *);
3315 *p = 0x56;
3316 printk(KERN_ERR "\n3. kmalloc-64: corrupting random byte 0x56->0x%p\n",
3318 printk(KERN_ERR
3319 "If allocated object is overwritten then not detectable\n\n");
3320 validate_slab_cache(kmalloc_caches + 6);
3322 printk(KERN_ERR "\nB. Corruption after free\n");
3323 p = kzalloc(128, GFP_KERNEL);
3324 kfree(p);
3325 *p = 0x78;
3326 printk(KERN_ERR "1. kmalloc-128: Clobber first word 0x78->0x%p\n\n", p);
3327 validate_slab_cache(kmalloc_caches + 7);
3329 p = kzalloc(256, GFP_KERNEL);
3330 kfree(p);
3331 p[50] = 0x9a;
3332 printk(KERN_ERR "\n2. kmalloc-256: Clobber 50th byte 0x9a->0x%p\n\n",
3334 validate_slab_cache(kmalloc_caches + 8);
3336 p = kzalloc(512, GFP_KERNEL);
3337 kfree(p);
3338 p[512] = 0xab;
3339 printk(KERN_ERR "\n3. kmalloc-512: Clobber redzone 0xab->0x%p\n\n", p);
3340 validate_slab_cache(kmalloc_caches + 9);
3342 #else
3343 static void resiliency_test(void) {};
3344 #endif
3347 * Generate lists of code addresses where slabcache objects are allocated
3348 * and freed.
3351 struct location {
3352 unsigned long count;
3353 void *addr;
3354 long long sum_time;
3355 long min_time;
3356 long max_time;
3357 long min_pid;
3358 long max_pid;
3359 cpumask_t cpus;
3360 nodemask_t nodes;
3363 struct loc_track {
3364 unsigned long max;
3365 unsigned long count;
3366 struct location *loc;
3369 static void free_loc_track(struct loc_track *t)
3371 if (t->max)
3372 free_pages((unsigned long)t->loc,
3373 get_order(sizeof(struct location) * t->max));
3376 static int alloc_loc_track(struct loc_track *t, unsigned long max, gfp_t flags)
3378 struct location *l;
3379 int order;
3381 order = get_order(sizeof(struct location) * max);
3383 l = (void *)__get_free_pages(flags, order);
3384 if (!l)
3385 return 0;
3387 if (t->count) {
3388 memcpy(l, t->loc, sizeof(struct location) * t->count);
3389 free_loc_track(t);
3391 t->max = max;
3392 t->loc = l;
3393 return 1;
3396 static int add_location(struct loc_track *t, struct kmem_cache *s,
3397 const struct track *track)
3399 long start, end, pos;
3400 struct location *l;
3401 void *caddr;
3402 unsigned long age = jiffies - track->when;
3404 start = -1;
3405 end = t->count;
3407 for ( ; ; ) {
3408 pos = start + (end - start + 1) / 2;
3411 * There is nothing at "end". If we end up there
3412 * we need to add something to before end.
3414 if (pos == end)
3415 break;
3417 caddr = t->loc[pos].addr;
3418 if (track->addr == caddr) {
3420 l = &t->loc[pos];
3421 l->count++;
3422 if (track->when) {
3423 l->sum_time += age;
3424 if (age < l->min_time)
3425 l->min_time = age;
3426 if (age > l->max_time)
3427 l->max_time = age;
3429 if (track->pid < l->min_pid)
3430 l->min_pid = track->pid;
3431 if (track->pid > l->max_pid)
3432 l->max_pid = track->pid;
3434 cpu_set(track->cpu, l->cpus);
3436 node_set(page_to_nid(virt_to_page(track)), l->nodes);
3437 return 1;
3440 if (track->addr < caddr)
3441 end = pos;
3442 else
3443 start = pos;
3447 * Not found. Insert new tracking element.
3449 if (t->count >= t->max && !alloc_loc_track(t, 2 * t->max, GFP_ATOMIC))
3450 return 0;
3452 l = t->loc + pos;
3453 if (pos < t->count)
3454 memmove(l + 1, l,
3455 (t->count - pos) * sizeof(struct location));
3456 t->count++;
3457 l->count = 1;
3458 l->addr = track->addr;
3459 l->sum_time = age;
3460 l->min_time = age;
3461 l->max_time = age;
3462 l->min_pid = track->pid;
3463 l->max_pid = track->pid;
3464 cpus_clear(l->cpus);
3465 cpu_set(track->cpu, l->cpus);
3466 nodes_clear(l->nodes);
3467 node_set(page_to_nid(virt_to_page(track)), l->nodes);
3468 return 1;
3471 static void process_slab(struct loc_track *t, struct kmem_cache *s,
3472 struct page *page, enum track_item alloc)
3474 void *addr = page_address(page);
3475 DECLARE_BITMAP(map, s->objects);
3476 void *p;
3478 bitmap_zero(map, s->objects);
3479 for_each_free_object(p, s, page->freelist)
3480 set_bit(slab_index(p, s, addr), map);
3482 for_each_object(p, s, addr)
3483 if (!test_bit(slab_index(p, s, addr), map))
3484 add_location(t, s, get_track(s, p, alloc));
3487 static int list_locations(struct kmem_cache *s, char *buf,
3488 enum track_item alloc)
3490 int len = 0;
3491 unsigned long i;
3492 struct loc_track t = { 0, 0, NULL };
3493 int node;
3495 if (!alloc_loc_track(&t, PAGE_SIZE / sizeof(struct location),
3496 GFP_TEMPORARY))
3497 return sprintf(buf, "Out of memory\n");
3499 /* Push back cpu slabs */
3500 flush_all(s);
3502 for_each_node_state(node, N_NORMAL_MEMORY) {
3503 struct kmem_cache_node *n = get_node(s, node);
3504 unsigned long flags;
3505 struct page *page;
3507 if (!atomic_long_read(&n->nr_slabs))
3508 continue;
3510 spin_lock_irqsave(&n->list_lock, flags);
3511 list_for_each_entry(page, &n->partial, lru)
3512 process_slab(&t, s, page, alloc);
3513 list_for_each_entry(page, &n->full, lru)
3514 process_slab(&t, s, page, alloc);
3515 spin_unlock_irqrestore(&n->list_lock, flags);
3518 for (i = 0; i < t.count; i++) {
3519 struct location *l = &t.loc[i];
3521 if (len > PAGE_SIZE - 100)
3522 break;
3523 len += sprintf(buf + len, "%7ld ", l->count);
3525 if (l->addr)
3526 len += sprint_symbol(buf + len, (unsigned long)l->addr);
3527 else
3528 len += sprintf(buf + len, "<not-available>");
3530 if (l->sum_time != l->min_time) {
3531 unsigned long remainder;
3533 len += sprintf(buf + len, " age=%ld/%ld/%ld",
3534 l->min_time,
3535 div_long_long_rem(l->sum_time, l->count, &remainder),
3536 l->max_time);
3537 } else
3538 len += sprintf(buf + len, " age=%ld",
3539 l->min_time);
3541 if (l->min_pid != l->max_pid)
3542 len += sprintf(buf + len, " pid=%ld-%ld",
3543 l->min_pid, l->max_pid);
3544 else
3545 len += sprintf(buf + len, " pid=%ld",
3546 l->min_pid);
3548 if (num_online_cpus() > 1 && !cpus_empty(l->cpus) &&
3549 len < PAGE_SIZE - 60) {
3550 len += sprintf(buf + len, " cpus=");
3551 len += cpulist_scnprintf(buf + len, PAGE_SIZE - len - 50,
3552 l->cpus);
3555 if (num_online_nodes() > 1 && !nodes_empty(l->nodes) &&
3556 len < PAGE_SIZE - 60) {
3557 len += sprintf(buf + len, " nodes=");
3558 len += nodelist_scnprintf(buf + len, PAGE_SIZE - len - 50,
3559 l->nodes);
3562 len += sprintf(buf + len, "\n");
3565 free_loc_track(&t);
3566 if (!t.count)
3567 len += sprintf(buf, "No data\n");
3568 return len;
3571 enum slab_stat_type {
3572 SL_FULL,
3573 SL_PARTIAL,
3574 SL_CPU,
3575 SL_OBJECTS
3578 #define SO_FULL (1 << SL_FULL)
3579 #define SO_PARTIAL (1 << SL_PARTIAL)
3580 #define SO_CPU (1 << SL_CPU)
3581 #define SO_OBJECTS (1 << SL_OBJECTS)
3583 static ssize_t show_slab_objects(struct kmem_cache *s,
3584 char *buf, unsigned long flags)
3586 unsigned long total = 0;
3587 int cpu;
3588 int node;
3589 int x;
3590 unsigned long *nodes;
3591 unsigned long *per_cpu;
3593 nodes = kzalloc(2 * sizeof(unsigned long) * nr_node_ids, GFP_KERNEL);
3594 if (!nodes)
3595 return -ENOMEM;
3596 per_cpu = nodes + nr_node_ids;
3598 for_each_possible_cpu(cpu) {
3599 struct page *page;
3600 struct kmem_cache_cpu *c = get_cpu_slab(s, cpu);
3602 if (!c)
3603 continue;
3605 page = c->page;
3606 node = c->node;
3607 if (node < 0)
3608 continue;
3609 if (page) {
3610 if (flags & SO_CPU) {
3611 if (flags & SO_OBJECTS)
3612 x = page->inuse;
3613 else
3614 x = 1;
3615 total += x;
3616 nodes[node] += x;
3618 per_cpu[node]++;
3622 for_each_node_state(node, N_NORMAL_MEMORY) {
3623 struct kmem_cache_node *n = get_node(s, node);
3625 if (flags & SO_PARTIAL) {
3626 if (flags & SO_OBJECTS)
3627 x = count_partial(n);
3628 else
3629 x = n->nr_partial;
3630 total += x;
3631 nodes[node] += x;
3634 if (flags & SO_FULL) {
3635 int full_slabs = atomic_long_read(&n->nr_slabs)
3636 - per_cpu[node]
3637 - n->nr_partial;
3639 if (flags & SO_OBJECTS)
3640 x = full_slabs * s->objects;
3641 else
3642 x = full_slabs;
3643 total += x;
3644 nodes[node] += x;
3648 x = sprintf(buf, "%lu", total);
3649 #ifdef CONFIG_NUMA
3650 for_each_node_state(node, N_NORMAL_MEMORY)
3651 if (nodes[node])
3652 x += sprintf(buf + x, " N%d=%lu",
3653 node, nodes[node]);
3654 #endif
3655 kfree(nodes);
3656 return x + sprintf(buf + x, "\n");
3659 static int any_slab_objects(struct kmem_cache *s)
3661 int node;
3662 int cpu;
3664 for_each_possible_cpu(cpu) {
3665 struct kmem_cache_cpu *c = get_cpu_slab(s, cpu);
3667 if (c && c->page)
3668 return 1;
3671 for_each_online_node(node) {
3672 struct kmem_cache_node *n = get_node(s, node);
3674 if (!n)
3675 continue;
3677 if (n->nr_partial || atomic_long_read(&n->nr_slabs))
3678 return 1;
3680 return 0;
3683 #define to_slab_attr(n) container_of(n, struct slab_attribute, attr)
3684 #define to_slab(n) container_of(n, struct kmem_cache, kobj);
3686 struct slab_attribute {
3687 struct attribute attr;
3688 ssize_t (*show)(struct kmem_cache *s, char *buf);
3689 ssize_t (*store)(struct kmem_cache *s, const char *x, size_t count);
3692 #define SLAB_ATTR_RO(_name) \
3693 static struct slab_attribute _name##_attr = __ATTR_RO(_name)
3695 #define SLAB_ATTR(_name) \
3696 static struct slab_attribute _name##_attr = \
3697 __ATTR(_name, 0644, _name##_show, _name##_store)
3699 static ssize_t slab_size_show(struct kmem_cache *s, char *buf)
3701 return sprintf(buf, "%d\n", s->size);
3703 SLAB_ATTR_RO(slab_size);
3705 static ssize_t align_show(struct kmem_cache *s, char *buf)
3707 return sprintf(buf, "%d\n", s->align);
3709 SLAB_ATTR_RO(align);
3711 static ssize_t object_size_show(struct kmem_cache *s, char *buf)
3713 return sprintf(buf, "%d\n", s->objsize);
3715 SLAB_ATTR_RO(object_size);
3717 static ssize_t objs_per_slab_show(struct kmem_cache *s, char *buf)
3719 return sprintf(buf, "%d\n", s->objects);
3721 SLAB_ATTR_RO(objs_per_slab);
3723 static ssize_t order_show(struct kmem_cache *s, char *buf)
3725 return sprintf(buf, "%d\n", s->order);
3727 SLAB_ATTR_RO(order);
3729 static ssize_t ctor_show(struct kmem_cache *s, char *buf)
3731 if (s->ctor) {
3732 int n = sprint_symbol(buf, (unsigned long)s->ctor);
3734 return n + sprintf(buf + n, "\n");
3736 return 0;
3738 SLAB_ATTR_RO(ctor);
3740 static ssize_t aliases_show(struct kmem_cache *s, char *buf)
3742 return sprintf(buf, "%d\n", s->refcount - 1);
3744 SLAB_ATTR_RO(aliases);
3746 static ssize_t slabs_show(struct kmem_cache *s, char *buf)
3748 return show_slab_objects(s, buf, SO_FULL|SO_PARTIAL|SO_CPU);
3750 SLAB_ATTR_RO(slabs);
3752 static ssize_t partial_show(struct kmem_cache *s, char *buf)
3754 return show_slab_objects(s, buf, SO_PARTIAL);
3756 SLAB_ATTR_RO(partial);
3758 static ssize_t cpu_slabs_show(struct kmem_cache *s, char *buf)
3760 return show_slab_objects(s, buf, SO_CPU);
3762 SLAB_ATTR_RO(cpu_slabs);
3764 static ssize_t objects_show(struct kmem_cache *s, char *buf)
3766 return show_slab_objects(s, buf, SO_FULL|SO_PARTIAL|SO_CPU|SO_OBJECTS);
3768 SLAB_ATTR_RO(objects);
3770 static ssize_t sanity_checks_show(struct kmem_cache *s, char *buf)
3772 return sprintf(buf, "%d\n", !!(s->flags & SLAB_DEBUG_FREE));
3775 static ssize_t sanity_checks_store(struct kmem_cache *s,
3776 const char *buf, size_t length)
3778 s->flags &= ~SLAB_DEBUG_FREE;
3779 if (buf[0] == '1')
3780 s->flags |= SLAB_DEBUG_FREE;
3781 return length;
3783 SLAB_ATTR(sanity_checks);
3785 static ssize_t trace_show(struct kmem_cache *s, char *buf)
3787 return sprintf(buf, "%d\n", !!(s->flags & SLAB_TRACE));
3790 static ssize_t trace_store(struct kmem_cache *s, const char *buf,
3791 size_t length)
3793 s->flags &= ~SLAB_TRACE;
3794 if (buf[0] == '1')
3795 s->flags |= SLAB_TRACE;
3796 return length;
3798 SLAB_ATTR(trace);
3800 static ssize_t reclaim_account_show(struct kmem_cache *s, char *buf)
3802 return sprintf(buf, "%d\n", !!(s->flags & SLAB_RECLAIM_ACCOUNT));
3805 static ssize_t reclaim_account_store(struct kmem_cache *s,
3806 const char *buf, size_t length)
3808 s->flags &= ~SLAB_RECLAIM_ACCOUNT;
3809 if (buf[0] == '1')
3810 s->flags |= SLAB_RECLAIM_ACCOUNT;
3811 return length;
3813 SLAB_ATTR(reclaim_account);
3815 static ssize_t hwcache_align_show(struct kmem_cache *s, char *buf)
3817 return sprintf(buf, "%d\n", !!(s->flags & SLAB_HWCACHE_ALIGN));
3819 SLAB_ATTR_RO(hwcache_align);
3821 #ifdef CONFIG_ZONE_DMA
3822 static ssize_t cache_dma_show(struct kmem_cache *s, char *buf)
3824 return sprintf(buf, "%d\n", !!(s->flags & SLAB_CACHE_DMA));
3826 SLAB_ATTR_RO(cache_dma);
3827 #endif
3829 static ssize_t destroy_by_rcu_show(struct kmem_cache *s, char *buf)
3831 return sprintf(buf, "%d\n", !!(s->flags & SLAB_DESTROY_BY_RCU));
3833 SLAB_ATTR_RO(destroy_by_rcu);
3835 static ssize_t red_zone_show(struct kmem_cache *s, char *buf)
3837 return sprintf(buf, "%d\n", !!(s->flags & SLAB_RED_ZONE));
3840 static ssize_t red_zone_store(struct kmem_cache *s,
3841 const char *buf, size_t length)
3843 if (any_slab_objects(s))
3844 return -EBUSY;
3846 s->flags &= ~SLAB_RED_ZONE;
3847 if (buf[0] == '1')
3848 s->flags |= SLAB_RED_ZONE;
3849 calculate_sizes(s);
3850 return length;
3852 SLAB_ATTR(red_zone);
3854 static ssize_t poison_show(struct kmem_cache *s, char *buf)
3856 return sprintf(buf, "%d\n", !!(s->flags & SLAB_POISON));
3859 static ssize_t poison_store(struct kmem_cache *s,
3860 const char *buf, size_t length)
3862 if (any_slab_objects(s))
3863 return -EBUSY;
3865 s->flags &= ~SLAB_POISON;
3866 if (buf[0] == '1')
3867 s->flags |= SLAB_POISON;
3868 calculate_sizes(s);
3869 return length;
3871 SLAB_ATTR(poison);
3873 static ssize_t store_user_show(struct kmem_cache *s, char *buf)
3875 return sprintf(buf, "%d\n", !!(s->flags & SLAB_STORE_USER));
3878 static ssize_t store_user_store(struct kmem_cache *s,
3879 const char *buf, size_t length)
3881 if (any_slab_objects(s))
3882 return -EBUSY;
3884 s->flags &= ~SLAB_STORE_USER;
3885 if (buf[0] == '1')
3886 s->flags |= SLAB_STORE_USER;
3887 calculate_sizes(s);
3888 return length;
3890 SLAB_ATTR(store_user);
3892 static ssize_t validate_show(struct kmem_cache *s, char *buf)
3894 return 0;
3897 static ssize_t validate_store(struct kmem_cache *s,
3898 const char *buf, size_t length)
3900 int ret = -EINVAL;
3902 if (buf[0] == '1') {
3903 ret = validate_slab_cache(s);
3904 if (ret >= 0)
3905 ret = length;
3907 return ret;
3909 SLAB_ATTR(validate);
3911 static ssize_t shrink_show(struct kmem_cache *s, char *buf)
3913 return 0;
3916 static ssize_t shrink_store(struct kmem_cache *s,
3917 const char *buf, size_t length)
3919 if (buf[0] == '1') {
3920 int rc = kmem_cache_shrink(s);
3922 if (rc)
3923 return rc;
3924 } else
3925 return -EINVAL;
3926 return length;
3928 SLAB_ATTR(shrink);
3930 static ssize_t alloc_calls_show(struct kmem_cache *s, char *buf)
3932 if (!(s->flags & SLAB_STORE_USER))
3933 return -ENOSYS;
3934 return list_locations(s, buf, TRACK_ALLOC);
3936 SLAB_ATTR_RO(alloc_calls);
3938 static ssize_t free_calls_show(struct kmem_cache *s, char *buf)
3940 if (!(s->flags & SLAB_STORE_USER))
3941 return -ENOSYS;
3942 return list_locations(s, buf, TRACK_FREE);
3944 SLAB_ATTR_RO(free_calls);
3946 #ifdef CONFIG_NUMA
3947 static ssize_t remote_node_defrag_ratio_show(struct kmem_cache *s, char *buf)
3949 return sprintf(buf, "%d\n", s->remote_node_defrag_ratio / 10);
3952 static ssize_t remote_node_defrag_ratio_store(struct kmem_cache *s,
3953 const char *buf, size_t length)
3955 int n = simple_strtoul(buf, NULL, 10);
3957 if (n < 100)
3958 s->remote_node_defrag_ratio = n * 10;
3959 return length;
3961 SLAB_ATTR(remote_node_defrag_ratio);
3962 #endif
3964 #ifdef CONFIG_SLUB_STATS
3965 static int show_stat(struct kmem_cache *s, char *buf, enum stat_item si)
3967 unsigned long sum = 0;
3968 int cpu;
3969 int len;
3970 int *data = kmalloc(nr_cpu_ids * sizeof(int), GFP_KERNEL);
3972 if (!data)
3973 return -ENOMEM;
3975 for_each_online_cpu(cpu) {
3976 unsigned x = get_cpu_slab(s, cpu)->stat[si];
3978 data[cpu] = x;
3979 sum += x;
3982 len = sprintf(buf, "%lu", sum);
3984 for_each_online_cpu(cpu) {
3985 if (data[cpu] && len < PAGE_SIZE - 20)
3986 len += sprintf(buf + len, " c%d=%u", cpu, data[cpu]);
3988 kfree(data);
3989 return len + sprintf(buf + len, "\n");
3992 #define STAT_ATTR(si, text) \
3993 static ssize_t text##_show(struct kmem_cache *s, char *buf) \
3995 return show_stat(s, buf, si); \
3997 SLAB_ATTR_RO(text); \
3999 STAT_ATTR(ALLOC_FASTPATH, alloc_fastpath);
4000 STAT_ATTR(ALLOC_SLOWPATH, alloc_slowpath);
4001 STAT_ATTR(FREE_FASTPATH, free_fastpath);
4002 STAT_ATTR(FREE_SLOWPATH, free_slowpath);
4003 STAT_ATTR(FREE_FROZEN, free_frozen);
4004 STAT_ATTR(FREE_ADD_PARTIAL, free_add_partial);
4005 STAT_ATTR(FREE_REMOVE_PARTIAL, free_remove_partial);
4006 STAT_ATTR(ALLOC_FROM_PARTIAL, alloc_from_partial);
4007 STAT_ATTR(ALLOC_SLAB, alloc_slab);
4008 STAT_ATTR(ALLOC_REFILL, alloc_refill);
4009 STAT_ATTR(FREE_SLAB, free_slab);
4010 STAT_ATTR(CPUSLAB_FLUSH, cpuslab_flush);
4011 STAT_ATTR(DEACTIVATE_FULL, deactivate_full);
4012 STAT_ATTR(DEACTIVATE_EMPTY, deactivate_empty);
4013 STAT_ATTR(DEACTIVATE_TO_HEAD, deactivate_to_head);
4014 STAT_ATTR(DEACTIVATE_TO_TAIL, deactivate_to_tail);
4015 STAT_ATTR(DEACTIVATE_REMOTE_FREES, deactivate_remote_frees);
4017 #endif
4019 static struct attribute *slab_attrs[] = {
4020 &slab_size_attr.attr,
4021 &object_size_attr.attr,
4022 &objs_per_slab_attr.attr,
4023 &order_attr.attr,
4024 &objects_attr.attr,
4025 &slabs_attr.attr,
4026 &partial_attr.attr,
4027 &cpu_slabs_attr.attr,
4028 &ctor_attr.attr,
4029 &aliases_attr.attr,
4030 &align_attr.attr,
4031 &sanity_checks_attr.attr,
4032 &trace_attr.attr,
4033 &hwcache_align_attr.attr,
4034 &reclaim_account_attr.attr,
4035 &destroy_by_rcu_attr.attr,
4036 &red_zone_attr.attr,
4037 &poison_attr.attr,
4038 &store_user_attr.attr,
4039 &validate_attr.attr,
4040 &shrink_attr.attr,
4041 &alloc_calls_attr.attr,
4042 &free_calls_attr.attr,
4043 #ifdef CONFIG_ZONE_DMA
4044 &cache_dma_attr.attr,
4045 #endif
4046 #ifdef CONFIG_NUMA
4047 &remote_node_defrag_ratio_attr.attr,
4048 #endif
4049 #ifdef CONFIG_SLUB_STATS
4050 &alloc_fastpath_attr.attr,
4051 &alloc_slowpath_attr.attr,
4052 &free_fastpath_attr.attr,
4053 &free_slowpath_attr.attr,
4054 &free_frozen_attr.attr,
4055 &free_add_partial_attr.attr,
4056 &free_remove_partial_attr.attr,
4057 &alloc_from_partial_attr.attr,
4058 &alloc_slab_attr.attr,
4059 &alloc_refill_attr.attr,
4060 &free_slab_attr.attr,
4061 &cpuslab_flush_attr.attr,
4062 &deactivate_full_attr.attr,
4063 &deactivate_empty_attr.attr,
4064 &deactivate_to_head_attr.attr,
4065 &deactivate_to_tail_attr.attr,
4066 &deactivate_remote_frees_attr.attr,
4067 #endif
4068 NULL
4071 static struct attribute_group slab_attr_group = {
4072 .attrs = slab_attrs,
4075 static ssize_t slab_attr_show(struct kobject *kobj,
4076 struct attribute *attr,
4077 char *buf)
4079 struct slab_attribute *attribute;
4080 struct kmem_cache *s;
4081 int err;
4083 attribute = to_slab_attr(attr);
4084 s = to_slab(kobj);
4086 if (!attribute->show)
4087 return -EIO;
4089 err = attribute->show(s, buf);
4091 return err;
4094 static ssize_t slab_attr_store(struct kobject *kobj,
4095 struct attribute *attr,
4096 const char *buf, size_t len)
4098 struct slab_attribute *attribute;
4099 struct kmem_cache *s;
4100 int err;
4102 attribute = to_slab_attr(attr);
4103 s = to_slab(kobj);
4105 if (!attribute->store)
4106 return -EIO;
4108 err = attribute->store(s, buf, len);
4110 return err;
4113 static void kmem_cache_release(struct kobject *kobj)
4115 struct kmem_cache *s = to_slab(kobj);
4117 kfree(s);
4120 static struct sysfs_ops slab_sysfs_ops = {
4121 .show = slab_attr_show,
4122 .store = slab_attr_store,
4125 static struct kobj_type slab_ktype = {
4126 .sysfs_ops = &slab_sysfs_ops,
4127 .release = kmem_cache_release
4130 static int uevent_filter(struct kset *kset, struct kobject *kobj)
4132 struct kobj_type *ktype = get_ktype(kobj);
4134 if (ktype == &slab_ktype)
4135 return 1;
4136 return 0;
4139 static struct kset_uevent_ops slab_uevent_ops = {
4140 .filter = uevent_filter,
4143 static struct kset *slab_kset;
4145 #define ID_STR_LENGTH 64
4147 /* Create a unique string id for a slab cache:
4149 * Format :[flags-]size
4151 static char *create_unique_id(struct kmem_cache *s)
4153 char *name = kmalloc(ID_STR_LENGTH, GFP_KERNEL);
4154 char *p = name;
4156 BUG_ON(!name);
4158 *p++ = ':';
4160 * First flags affecting slabcache operations. We will only
4161 * get here for aliasable slabs so we do not need to support
4162 * too many flags. The flags here must cover all flags that
4163 * are matched during merging to guarantee that the id is
4164 * unique.
4166 if (s->flags & SLAB_CACHE_DMA)
4167 *p++ = 'd';
4168 if (s->flags & SLAB_RECLAIM_ACCOUNT)
4169 *p++ = 'a';
4170 if (s->flags & SLAB_DEBUG_FREE)
4171 *p++ = 'F';
4172 if (p != name + 1)
4173 *p++ = '-';
4174 p += sprintf(p, "%07d", s->size);
4175 BUG_ON(p > name + ID_STR_LENGTH - 1);
4176 return name;
4179 static int sysfs_slab_add(struct kmem_cache *s)
4181 int err;
4182 const char *name;
4183 int unmergeable;
4185 if (slab_state < SYSFS)
4186 /* Defer until later */
4187 return 0;
4189 unmergeable = slab_unmergeable(s);
4190 if (unmergeable) {
4192 * Slabcache can never be merged so we can use the name proper.
4193 * This is typically the case for debug situations. In that
4194 * case we can catch duplicate names easily.
4196 sysfs_remove_link(&slab_kset->kobj, s->name);
4197 name = s->name;
4198 } else {
4200 * Create a unique name for the slab as a target
4201 * for the symlinks.
4203 name = create_unique_id(s);
4206 s->kobj.kset = slab_kset;
4207 err = kobject_init_and_add(&s->kobj, &slab_ktype, NULL, name);
4208 if (err) {
4209 kobject_put(&s->kobj);
4210 return err;
4213 err = sysfs_create_group(&s->kobj, &slab_attr_group);
4214 if (err)
4215 return err;
4216 kobject_uevent(&s->kobj, KOBJ_ADD);
4217 if (!unmergeable) {
4218 /* Setup first alias */
4219 sysfs_slab_alias(s, s->name);
4220 kfree(name);
4222 return 0;
4225 static void sysfs_slab_remove(struct kmem_cache *s)
4227 kobject_uevent(&s->kobj, KOBJ_REMOVE);
4228 kobject_del(&s->kobj);
4229 kobject_put(&s->kobj);
4233 * Need to buffer aliases during bootup until sysfs becomes
4234 * available lest we loose that information.
4236 struct saved_alias {
4237 struct kmem_cache *s;
4238 const char *name;
4239 struct saved_alias *next;
4242 static struct saved_alias *alias_list;
4244 static int sysfs_slab_alias(struct kmem_cache *s, const char *name)
4246 struct saved_alias *al;
4248 if (slab_state == SYSFS) {
4250 * If we have a leftover link then remove it.
4252 sysfs_remove_link(&slab_kset->kobj, name);
4253 return sysfs_create_link(&slab_kset->kobj, &s->kobj, name);
4256 al = kmalloc(sizeof(struct saved_alias), GFP_KERNEL);
4257 if (!al)
4258 return -ENOMEM;
4260 al->s = s;
4261 al->name = name;
4262 al->next = alias_list;
4263 alias_list = al;
4264 return 0;
4267 static int __init slab_sysfs_init(void)
4269 struct kmem_cache *s;
4270 int err;
4272 slab_kset = kset_create_and_add("slab", &slab_uevent_ops, kernel_kobj);
4273 if (!slab_kset) {
4274 printk(KERN_ERR "Cannot register slab subsystem.\n");
4275 return -ENOSYS;
4278 slab_state = SYSFS;
4280 list_for_each_entry(s, &slab_caches, list) {
4281 err = sysfs_slab_add(s);
4282 if (err)
4283 printk(KERN_ERR "SLUB: Unable to add boot slab %s"
4284 " to sysfs\n", s->name);
4287 while (alias_list) {
4288 struct saved_alias *al = alias_list;
4290 alias_list = alias_list->next;
4291 err = sysfs_slab_alias(al->s, al->name);
4292 if (err)
4293 printk(KERN_ERR "SLUB: Unable to add boot slab alias"
4294 " %s to sysfs\n", s->name);
4295 kfree(al);
4298 resiliency_test();
4299 return 0;
4302 __initcall(slab_sysfs_init);
4303 #endif
4306 * The /proc/slabinfo ABI
4308 #ifdef CONFIG_SLABINFO
4310 ssize_t slabinfo_write(struct file *file, const char __user * buffer,
4311 size_t count, loff_t *ppos)
4313 return -EINVAL;
4317 static void print_slabinfo_header(struct seq_file *m)
4319 seq_puts(m, "slabinfo - version: 2.1\n");
4320 seq_puts(m, "# name <active_objs> <num_objs> <objsize> "
4321 "<objperslab> <pagesperslab>");
4322 seq_puts(m, " : tunables <limit> <batchcount> <sharedfactor>");
4323 seq_puts(m, " : slabdata <active_slabs> <num_slabs> <sharedavail>");
4324 seq_putc(m, '\n');
4327 static void *s_start(struct seq_file *m, loff_t *pos)
4329 loff_t n = *pos;
4331 down_read(&slub_lock);
4332 if (!n)
4333 print_slabinfo_header(m);
4335 return seq_list_start(&slab_caches, *pos);
4338 static void *s_next(struct seq_file *m, void *p, loff_t *pos)
4340 return seq_list_next(p, &slab_caches, pos);
4343 static void s_stop(struct seq_file *m, void *p)
4345 up_read(&slub_lock);
4348 static int s_show(struct seq_file *m, void *p)
4350 unsigned long nr_partials = 0;
4351 unsigned long nr_slabs = 0;
4352 unsigned long nr_inuse = 0;
4353 unsigned long nr_objs;
4354 struct kmem_cache *s;
4355 int node;
4357 s = list_entry(p, struct kmem_cache, list);
4359 for_each_online_node(node) {
4360 struct kmem_cache_node *n = get_node(s, node);
4362 if (!n)
4363 continue;
4365 nr_partials += n->nr_partial;
4366 nr_slabs += atomic_long_read(&n->nr_slabs);
4367 nr_inuse += count_partial(n);
4370 nr_objs = nr_slabs * s->objects;
4371 nr_inuse += (nr_slabs - nr_partials) * s->objects;
4373 seq_printf(m, "%-17s %6lu %6lu %6u %4u %4d", s->name, nr_inuse,
4374 nr_objs, s->size, s->objects, (1 << s->order));
4375 seq_printf(m, " : tunables %4u %4u %4u", 0, 0, 0);
4376 seq_printf(m, " : slabdata %6lu %6lu %6lu", nr_slabs, nr_slabs,
4377 0UL);
4378 seq_putc(m, '\n');
4379 return 0;
4382 const struct seq_operations slabinfo_op = {
4383 .start = s_start,
4384 .next = s_next,
4385 .stop = s_stop,
4386 .show = s_show,
4389 #endif /* CONFIG_SLABINFO */