5 Btrfs is a new copy on write filesystem for Linux aimed at
6 implementing advanced features while focusing on fault tolerance,
7 repair and easy administration. Initially developed by Oracle, Btrfs
8 is licensed under the GPL and open for contribution from anyone.
10 Linux has a wealth of filesystems to choose from, but we are facing a
11 number of challenges with scaling to the large storage subsystems that
12 are becoming common in today's data centers. Filesystems need to scale
13 in their ability to address and manage large storage, and also in
14 their ability to detect, repair and tolerate errors in the data stored
15 on disk. Btrfs is under heavy development, and is not suitable for
16 any uses other than benchmarking and review. The Btrfs disk format is
19 The main Btrfs features include:
21 * Extent based file storage (2^64 max file size)
22 * Space efficient packing of small files
23 * Space efficient indexed directories
24 * Dynamic inode allocation
26 * Subvolumes (separate internal filesystem roots)
27 * Object level mirroring and striping
28 * Checksums on data and metadata (multiple algorithms available)
30 * Integrated multiple device support, with several raid algorithms
31 * Online filesystem check (not yet implemented)
32 * Very fast offline filesystem check
33 * Efficient incremental backup and FS mirroring (not yet implemented)
34 * Online filesystem defragmentation
41 There is a Btrfs mailing list hosted on vger.kernel.org. You can
42 find details on how to subscribe here:
44 http://vger.kernel.org/vger-lists.html#linux-btrfs
46 Mailing list archives are available from gmane:
48 http://dir.gmane.org/gmane.comp.file-systems.btrfs
55 Discussion of Btrfs also occurs on the #btrfs channel of the Freenode
63 Userspace tools for creating and manipulating Btrfs file systems are
64 available from the git repository at the following location:
66 http://git.kernel.org/?p=linux/kernel/git/mason/btrfs-progs-unstable.git
67 git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/mason/btrfs-progs-unstable.git
69 These include the following tools:
71 mkfs.btrfs: create a filesystem
73 btrfsctl: control program to create snapshots and subvolumes:
76 btrfsctl -s new_subvol_name /mnt
77 btrfsctl -s snapshot_of_default /mnt/default
78 btrfsctl -s snapshot_of_new_subvol /mnt/new_subvol_name
79 btrfsctl -s snapshot_of_a_snapshot /mnt/snapshot_of_new_subvol
81 default snapshot_of_a_snapshot snapshot_of_new_subvol
82 new_subvol_name snapshot_of_default
84 Snapshots and subvolumes cannot be deleted right now, but you can
85 rm -rf all the files and directories inside them.
87 btrfsck: do a limited check of the FS extent trees.
89 btrfs-debug-tree: print all of the FS metadata in text form. Example:
91 btrfs-debug-tree /dev/sda2 >& big_output_file