2 * Generic VM initialization for x86-64 NUMA setups.
3 * Copyright 2002,2003 Andi Kleen, SuSE Labs.
5 #include <linux/kernel.h>
7 #include <linux/string.h>
8 #include <linux/init.h>
9 #include <linux/bootmem.h>
10 #include <linux/mmzone.h>
11 #include <linux/ctype.h>
12 #include <linux/module.h>
13 #include <linux/nodemask.h>
14 #include <linux/sched.h>
17 #include <asm/proto.h>
27 struct pglist_data
*node_data
[MAX_NUMNODES
] __read_mostly
;
28 EXPORT_SYMBOL(node_data
);
30 static bootmem_data_t plat_node_bdata
[MAX_NUMNODES
];
32 struct memnode memnode
;
34 s16 apicid_to_node
[MAX_LOCAL_APIC
] __cpuinitdata
= {
35 [0 ... MAX_LOCAL_APIC
-1] = NUMA_NO_NODE
38 int numa_off __initdata
;
39 static unsigned long __initdata nodemap_addr
;
40 static unsigned long __initdata nodemap_size
;
43 * Given a shift value, try to populate memnodemap[]
46 * 0 if memnodmap[] too small (of shift too small)
47 * -1 if node overlap or lost ram (shift too big)
49 static int __init
populate_memnodemap(const struct bootnode
*nodes
,
50 int numnodes
, int shift
, int *nodeids
)
52 unsigned long addr
, end
;
55 memset(memnodemap
, 0xff, sizeof(s16
)*memnodemapsize
);
56 for (i
= 0; i
< numnodes
; i
++) {
57 addr
= nodes
[i
].start
;
61 if ((end
>> shift
) >= memnodemapsize
)
64 if (memnodemap
[addr
>> shift
] != NUMA_NO_NODE
)
68 memnodemap
[addr
>> shift
] = i
;
70 memnodemap
[addr
>> shift
] = nodeids
[i
];
72 addr
+= (1UL << shift
);
79 static int __init
allocate_cachealigned_memnodemap(void)
83 memnodemap
= memnode
.embedded_map
;
84 if (memnodemapsize
<= ARRAY_SIZE(memnode
.embedded_map
))
88 nodemap_size
= round_up(sizeof(s16
) * memnodemapsize
, L1_CACHE_BYTES
);
89 nodemap_addr
= find_e820_area(addr
, max_pfn
<<PAGE_SHIFT
,
90 nodemap_size
, L1_CACHE_BYTES
);
91 if (nodemap_addr
== -1UL) {
93 "NUMA: Unable to allocate Memory to Node hash map\n");
94 nodemap_addr
= nodemap_size
= 0;
97 memnodemap
= phys_to_virt(nodemap_addr
);
98 reserve_early(nodemap_addr
, nodemap_addr
+ nodemap_size
, "MEMNODEMAP");
100 printk(KERN_DEBUG
"NUMA: Allocated memnodemap from %lx - %lx\n",
101 nodemap_addr
, nodemap_addr
+ nodemap_size
);
106 * The LSB of all start and end addresses in the node map is the value of the
107 * maximum possible shift.
109 static int __init
extract_lsb_from_nodes(const struct bootnode
*nodes
,
112 int i
, nodes_used
= 0;
113 unsigned long start
, end
;
114 unsigned long bitfield
= 0, memtop
= 0;
116 for (i
= 0; i
< numnodes
; i
++) {
117 start
= nodes
[i
].start
;
129 i
= find_first_bit(&bitfield
, sizeof(unsigned long)*8);
130 memnodemapsize
= (memtop
>> i
)+1;
134 int __init
compute_hash_shift(struct bootnode
*nodes
, int numnodes
,
139 shift
= extract_lsb_from_nodes(nodes
, numnodes
);
140 if (allocate_cachealigned_memnodemap())
142 printk(KERN_DEBUG
"NUMA: Using %d for the hash shift.\n",
145 if (populate_memnodemap(nodes
, numnodes
, shift
, nodeids
) != 1) {
146 printk(KERN_INFO
"Your memory is not aligned you need to "
147 "rebuild your kernel with a bigger NODEMAPSIZE "
148 "shift=%d\n", shift
);
154 int early_pfn_to_nid(unsigned long pfn
)
156 return phys_to_nid(pfn
<< PAGE_SHIFT
);
159 static void * __init
early_node_mem(int nodeid
, unsigned long start
,
160 unsigned long end
, unsigned long size
,
163 unsigned long mem
= find_e820_area(start
, end
, size
, align
);
169 ptr
= __alloc_bootmem_nopanic(size
, align
, __pa(MAX_DMA_ADDRESS
));
171 printk(KERN_ERR
"Cannot find %lu bytes in node %d\n",
178 /* Initialize bootmem allocator for a node */
179 void __init
setup_node_bootmem(int nodeid
, unsigned long start
,
182 unsigned long start_pfn
, last_pfn
, bootmap_pages
, bootmap_size
;
183 unsigned long bootmap_start
, nodedata_phys
;
185 const int pgdat_size
= round_up(sizeof(pg_data_t
), PAGE_SIZE
);
188 start
= round_up(start
, ZONE_ALIGN
);
190 printk(KERN_INFO
"Bootmem setup node %d %016lx-%016lx\n", nodeid
,
193 start_pfn
= start
>> PAGE_SHIFT
;
194 last_pfn
= end
>> PAGE_SHIFT
;
196 node_data
[nodeid
] = early_node_mem(nodeid
, start
, end
, pgdat_size
,
198 if (node_data
[nodeid
] == NULL
)
200 nodedata_phys
= __pa(node_data
[nodeid
]);
201 printk(KERN_INFO
" NODE_DATA [%016lx - %016lx]\n", nodedata_phys
,
202 nodedata_phys
+ pgdat_size
- 1);
204 memset(NODE_DATA(nodeid
), 0, sizeof(pg_data_t
));
205 NODE_DATA(nodeid
)->bdata
= &plat_node_bdata
[nodeid
];
206 NODE_DATA(nodeid
)->node_start_pfn
= start_pfn
;
207 NODE_DATA(nodeid
)->node_spanned_pages
= last_pfn
- start_pfn
;
210 * Find a place for the bootmem map
211 * nodedata_phys could be on other nodes by alloc_bootmem,
212 * so need to sure bootmap_start not to be small, otherwise
213 * early_node_mem will get that with find_e820_area instead
214 * of alloc_bootmem, that could clash with reserved range
216 bootmap_pages
= bootmem_bootmap_pages(last_pfn
- start_pfn
);
217 nid
= phys_to_nid(nodedata_phys
);
219 bootmap_start
= round_up(nodedata_phys
+ pgdat_size
, PAGE_SIZE
);
221 bootmap_start
= round_up(start
, PAGE_SIZE
);
223 * SMP_CACHE_BYTES could be enough, but init_bootmem_node like
224 * to use that to align to PAGE_SIZE
226 bootmap
= early_node_mem(nodeid
, bootmap_start
, end
,
227 bootmap_pages
<<PAGE_SHIFT
, PAGE_SIZE
);
228 if (bootmap
== NULL
) {
229 if (nodedata_phys
< start
|| nodedata_phys
>= end
)
230 free_bootmem(nodedata_phys
, pgdat_size
);
231 node_data
[nodeid
] = NULL
;
234 bootmap_start
= __pa(bootmap
);
236 bootmap_size
= init_bootmem_node(NODE_DATA(nodeid
),
237 bootmap_start
>> PAGE_SHIFT
,
238 start_pfn
, last_pfn
);
240 printk(KERN_INFO
" bootmap [%016lx - %016lx] pages %lx\n",
241 bootmap_start
, bootmap_start
+ bootmap_size
- 1,
244 free_bootmem_with_active_regions(nodeid
, end
);
247 * convert early reserve to bootmem reserve earlier
248 * otherwise early_node_mem could use early reserved mem
251 early_res_to_bootmem(start
, end
);
254 * in some case early_node_mem could use alloc_bootmem
255 * to get range on other node, don't reserve that again
258 printk(KERN_INFO
" NODE_DATA(%d) on node %d\n", nodeid
, nid
);
260 reserve_bootmem_node(NODE_DATA(nodeid
), nodedata_phys
,
261 pgdat_size
, BOOTMEM_DEFAULT
);
262 nid
= phys_to_nid(bootmap_start
);
264 printk(KERN_INFO
" bootmap(%d) on node %d\n", nodeid
, nid
);
266 reserve_bootmem_node(NODE_DATA(nodeid
), bootmap_start
,
267 bootmap_pages
<<PAGE_SHIFT
, BOOTMEM_DEFAULT
);
269 #ifdef CONFIG_ACPI_NUMA
270 srat_reserve_add_area(nodeid
);
272 node_set_online(nodeid
);
276 * There are unfortunately some poorly designed mainboards around that
277 * only connect memory to a single CPU. This breaks the 1:1 cpu->node
278 * mapping. To avoid this fill in the mapping for all possible CPUs,
279 * as the number of CPUs is not known yet. We round robin the existing
282 void __init
numa_init_array(void)
286 rr
= first_node(node_online_map
);
287 for (i
= 0; i
< NR_CPUS
; i
++) {
288 if (early_cpu_to_node(i
) != NUMA_NO_NODE
)
290 numa_set_node(i
, rr
);
291 rr
= next_node(rr
, node_online_map
);
292 if (rr
== MAX_NUMNODES
)
293 rr
= first_node(node_online_map
);
297 #ifdef CONFIG_NUMA_EMU
299 static char *cmdline __initdata
;
302 * Setups up nid to range from addr to addr + size. If the end
303 * boundary is greater than max_addr, then max_addr is used instead.
304 * The return value is 0 if there is additional memory left for
305 * allocation past addr and -1 otherwise. addr is adjusted to be at
306 * the end of the node.
308 static int __init
setup_node_range(int nid
, struct bootnode
*nodes
, u64
*addr
,
309 u64 size
, u64 max_addr
)
313 nodes
[nid
].start
= *addr
;
315 if (*addr
>= max_addr
) {
319 nodes
[nid
].end
= *addr
;
320 node_set(nid
, node_possible_map
);
321 printk(KERN_INFO
"Faking node %d at %016Lx-%016Lx (%LuMB)\n", nid
,
322 nodes
[nid
].start
, nodes
[nid
].end
,
323 (nodes
[nid
].end
- nodes
[nid
].start
) >> 20);
328 * Splits num_nodes nodes up equally starting at node_start. The return value
329 * is the number of nodes split up and addr is adjusted to be at the end of the
330 * last node allocated.
332 static int __init
split_nodes_equally(struct bootnode
*nodes
, u64
*addr
,
333 u64 max_addr
, int node_start
,
342 if (num_nodes
> MAX_NUMNODES
)
343 num_nodes
= MAX_NUMNODES
;
344 size
= (max_addr
- *addr
- e820_hole_size(*addr
, max_addr
)) /
347 * Calculate the number of big nodes that can be allocated as a result
348 * of consolidating the leftovers.
350 big
= ((size
& ~FAKE_NODE_MIN_HASH_MASK
) * num_nodes
) /
353 /* Round down to nearest FAKE_NODE_MIN_SIZE. */
354 size
&= FAKE_NODE_MIN_HASH_MASK
;
356 printk(KERN_ERR
"Not enough memory for each node. "
357 "NUMA emulation disabled.\n");
361 for (i
= node_start
; i
< num_nodes
+ node_start
; i
++) {
362 u64 end
= *addr
+ size
;
365 end
+= FAKE_NODE_MIN_SIZE
;
367 * The final node can have the remaining system RAM. Other
368 * nodes receive roughly the same amount of available pages.
370 if (i
== num_nodes
+ node_start
- 1)
373 while (end
- *addr
- e820_hole_size(*addr
, end
) <
375 end
+= FAKE_NODE_MIN_SIZE
;
376 if (end
> max_addr
) {
381 if (setup_node_range(i
, nodes
, addr
, end
- *addr
, max_addr
) < 0)
384 return i
- node_start
+ 1;
388 * Splits the remaining system RAM into chunks of size. The remaining memory is
389 * always assigned to a final node and can be asymmetric. Returns the number of
392 static int __init
split_nodes_by_size(struct bootnode
*nodes
, u64
*addr
,
393 u64 max_addr
, int node_start
, u64 size
)
396 size
= (size
<< 20) & FAKE_NODE_MIN_HASH_MASK
;
397 while (!setup_node_range(i
++, nodes
, addr
, size
, max_addr
))
399 return i
- node_start
;
403 * Sets up the system RAM area from start_pfn to last_pfn according to the
404 * numa=fake command-line option.
406 static struct bootnode nodes
[MAX_NUMNODES
] __initdata
;
408 static int __init
numa_emulation(unsigned long start_pfn
, unsigned long last_pfn
)
410 u64 size
, addr
= start_pfn
<< PAGE_SHIFT
;
411 u64 max_addr
= last_pfn
<< PAGE_SHIFT
;
412 int num_nodes
= 0, num
= 0, coeff_flag
, coeff
= -1, i
;
414 memset(&nodes
, 0, sizeof(nodes
));
416 * If the numa=fake command-line is just a single number N, split the
417 * system RAM into N fake nodes.
419 if (!strchr(cmdline
, '*') && !strchr(cmdline
, ',')) {
420 long n
= simple_strtol(cmdline
, NULL
, 0);
422 num_nodes
= split_nodes_equally(nodes
, &addr
, max_addr
, 0, n
);
428 /* Parse the command line. */
429 for (coeff_flag
= 0; ; cmdline
++) {
430 if (*cmdline
&& isdigit(*cmdline
)) {
431 num
= num
* 10 + *cmdline
- '0';
434 if (*cmdline
== '*') {
439 if (!*cmdline
|| *cmdline
== ',') {
443 * Round down to the nearest FAKE_NODE_MIN_SIZE.
444 * Command-line coefficients are in megabytes.
446 size
= ((u64
)num
<< 20) & FAKE_NODE_MIN_HASH_MASK
;
448 for (i
= 0; i
< coeff
; i
++, num_nodes
++)
449 if (setup_node_range(num_nodes
, nodes
,
450 &addr
, size
, max_addr
) < 0)
462 /* Fill remainder of system RAM, if appropriate. */
463 if (addr
< max_addr
) {
464 if (coeff_flag
&& coeff
< 0) {
465 /* Split remaining nodes into num-sized chunks */
466 num_nodes
+= split_nodes_by_size(nodes
, &addr
, max_addr
,
470 switch (*(cmdline
- 1)) {
472 /* Split remaining nodes into coeff chunks */
475 num_nodes
+= split_nodes_equally(nodes
, &addr
, max_addr
,
479 /* Do not allocate remaining system RAM */
482 /* Give one final node */
483 setup_node_range(num_nodes
, nodes
, &addr
,
484 max_addr
- addr
, max_addr
);
489 memnode_shift
= compute_hash_shift(nodes
, num_nodes
, NULL
);
490 if (memnode_shift
< 0) {
492 printk(KERN_ERR
"No NUMA hash function found. NUMA emulation "
498 * We need to vacate all active ranges that may have been registered by
499 * SRAT and set acpi_numa to -1 so that srat_disabled() always returns
500 * true. NUMA emulation has succeeded so we will not scan ACPI nodes.
502 remove_all_active_ranges();
503 #ifdef CONFIG_ACPI_NUMA
506 for_each_node_mask(i
, node_possible_map
) {
507 e820_register_active_regions(i
, nodes
[i
].start
>> PAGE_SHIFT
,
508 nodes
[i
].end
>> PAGE_SHIFT
);
509 setup_node_bootmem(i
, nodes
[i
].start
, nodes
[i
].end
);
511 acpi_fake_nodes(nodes
, num_nodes
);
515 #endif /* CONFIG_NUMA_EMU */
517 void __init
initmem_init(unsigned long start_pfn
, unsigned long last_pfn
)
521 nodes_clear(node_possible_map
);
522 nodes_clear(node_online_map
);
524 #ifdef CONFIG_NUMA_EMU
525 if (cmdline
&& !numa_emulation(start_pfn
, last_pfn
))
527 nodes_clear(node_possible_map
);
528 nodes_clear(node_online_map
);
531 #ifdef CONFIG_ACPI_NUMA
532 if (!numa_off
&& !acpi_scan_nodes(start_pfn
<< PAGE_SHIFT
,
533 last_pfn
<< PAGE_SHIFT
))
535 nodes_clear(node_possible_map
);
536 nodes_clear(node_online_map
);
539 #ifdef CONFIG_K8_NUMA
540 if (!numa_off
&& !k8_scan_nodes(start_pfn
<<PAGE_SHIFT
,
541 last_pfn
<<PAGE_SHIFT
))
543 nodes_clear(node_possible_map
);
544 nodes_clear(node_online_map
);
546 printk(KERN_INFO
"%s\n",
547 numa_off
? "NUMA turned off" : "No NUMA configuration found");
549 printk(KERN_INFO
"Faking a node at %016lx-%016lx\n",
550 start_pfn
<< PAGE_SHIFT
,
551 last_pfn
<< PAGE_SHIFT
);
552 /* setup dummy node covering all memory */
554 memnodemap
= memnode
.embedded_map
;
557 node_set(0, node_possible_map
);
558 for (i
= 0; i
< NR_CPUS
; i
++)
560 e820_register_active_regions(0, start_pfn
, last_pfn
);
561 setup_node_bootmem(0, start_pfn
<< PAGE_SHIFT
, last_pfn
<< PAGE_SHIFT
);
564 unsigned long __init
numa_free_all_bootmem(void)
566 unsigned long pages
= 0;
569 for_each_online_node(i
)
570 pages
+= free_all_bootmem_node(NODE_DATA(i
));
575 void __init
paging_init(void)
577 unsigned long max_zone_pfns
[MAX_NR_ZONES
];
579 memset(max_zone_pfns
, 0, sizeof(max_zone_pfns
));
580 max_zone_pfns
[ZONE_DMA
] = MAX_DMA_PFN
;
581 max_zone_pfns
[ZONE_DMA32
] = MAX_DMA32_PFN
;
582 max_zone_pfns
[ZONE_NORMAL
] = max_pfn
;
584 sparse_memory_present_with_active_regions(MAX_NUMNODES
);
587 free_area_init_nodes(max_zone_pfns
);
590 static __init
int numa_setup(char *opt
)
594 if (!strncmp(opt
, "off", 3))
596 #ifdef CONFIG_NUMA_EMU
597 if (!strncmp(opt
, "fake=", 5))
600 #ifdef CONFIG_ACPI_NUMA
601 if (!strncmp(opt
, "noacpi", 6))
603 if (!strncmp(opt
, "hotadd=", 7))
604 hotadd_percent
= simple_strtoul(opt
+7, NULL
, 10);
608 early_param("numa", numa_setup
);
612 * Setup early cpu_to_node.
614 * Populate cpu_to_node[] only if x86_cpu_to_apicid[],
615 * and apicid_to_node[] tables have valid entries for a CPU.
616 * This means we skip cpu_to_node[] initialisation for NUMA
617 * emulation and faking node case (when running a kernel compiled
618 * for NUMA on a non NUMA box), which is OK as cpu_to_node[]
619 * is already initialized in a round robin manner at numa_init_array,
620 * prior to this call, and this initialization is good enough
621 * for the fake NUMA cases.
623 * Called before the per_cpu areas are setup.
625 void __init
init_cpu_to_node(void)
628 u16
*cpu_to_apicid
= early_per_cpu_ptr(x86_cpu_to_apicid
);
630 BUG_ON(cpu_to_apicid
== NULL
);
632 for_each_possible_cpu(cpu
) {
634 u16 apicid
= cpu_to_apicid
[cpu
];
636 if (apicid
== BAD_APICID
)
638 node
= apicid_to_node
[apicid
];
639 if (node
== NUMA_NO_NODE
)
641 if (!node_online(node
))
643 numa_set_node(cpu
, node
);