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2 Advanced Linux Sound Architecture - Driver
3 ==========================================
4 Configuration guide
7 Kernel Configuration
8 ====================
10 To enable ALSA support you need at least to build the kernel with
11 primary sound card support (CONFIG_SOUND). Since ALSA can emulate OSS,
12 you don't have to choose any of the OSS modules.
14 Enable "OSS API emulation" (CONFIG_SND_OSSEMUL) and both OSS mixer and
15 PCM supports if you want to run OSS applications with ALSA.
17 If you want to support the WaveTable functionality on cards such as
18 SB Live! then you need to enable "Sequencer support"
19 (CONFIG_SND_SEQUENCER).
21 To make ALSA debug messages more verbose, enable the "Verbose printk"
22 and "Debug" options. To check for memory leaks, turn on "Debug memory"
23 too. "Debug detection" will add checks for the detection of cards.
25 Please note that all the ALSA ISA drivers support the Linux isapnp API
26 (if the card supports ISA PnP). You don't need to configure the cards
27 using isapnptools.
30 Creating ALSA devices
31 =====================
33 This depends on your distribution, but normally you use the /dev/MAKEDEV
34 script to create the necessary device nodes. On some systems you use a
35 script named 'snddevices'.
38 Module parameters
39 =================
41 The user can load modules with options. If the module supports more than
42 one card and you have more than one card of the same type then you can
43 specify multiple values for the option separated by commas.
45 Prior to version 0.9.0rc4 options had a 'snd_' prefix. This was removed.
47 Module snd
48 ----------
50 The core ALSA module. It is used by all ALSA card drivers.
51 It takes the following options which have global effects.
53 major - major number for sound driver
54 - Default: 116
55 cards_limit
56 - limiting card index for auto-loading (1-8)
57 - Default: 1
58 - For auto-loading more than one card, specify this
59 option together with snd-card-X aliases.
60 slots - Reserve the slot index for the given driver.
61 This option takes multiple strings.
62 See "Module Autoloading Support" section for details.
64 Module snd-pcm-oss
65 ------------------
67 The PCM OSS emulation module.
68 This module takes options which change the mapping of devices.
70 dsp_map - PCM device number maps assigned to the 1st OSS device.
71 - Default: 0
72 adsp_map - PCM device number maps assigned to the 2st OSS device.
73 - Default: 1
74 nonblock_open
75 - Don't block opening busy PCM devices. Default: 1
77 For example, when dsp_map=2, /dev/dsp will be mapped to PCM #2 of
78 the card #0. Similarly, when adsp_map=0, /dev/adsp will be mapped
79 to PCM #0 of the card #0.
80 For changing the second or later card, specify the option with
81 commas, such like "dsp_map=0,1".
83 nonblock_open option is used to change the behavior of the PCM
84 regarding opening the device. When this option is non-zero,
85 opening a busy OSS PCM device won't be blocked but return
86 immediately with EAGAIN (just like O_NONBLOCK flag).
88 Module snd-rawmidi
89 ------------------
91 This module takes options which change the mapping of devices.
92 similar to those of the snd-pcm-oss module.
94 midi_map - MIDI device number maps assigned to the 1st OSS device.
95 - Default: 0
96 amidi_map - MIDI device number maps assigned to the 2st OSS device.
97 - Default: 1
99 Common parameters for top sound card modules
100 --------------------------------------------
102 Each of top level sound card module takes the following options.
104 index - index (slot #) of sound card
105 - Values: 0 through 31 or negative
106 - If nonnegative, assign that index number
107 - if negative, interpret as a bitmask of permissible
108 indices; the first free permitted index is assigned
109 - Default: -1
110 id - card ID (identifier or name)
111 - Can be up to 15 characters long
112 - Default: the card type
113 - A directory by this name is created under /proc/asound/
114 containing information about the card
115 - This ID can be used instead of the index number in
116 identifying the card
117 enable - enable card
118 - Default: enabled, for PCI and ISA PnP cards
120 Module snd-adlib
121 ----------------
123 Module for AdLib FM cards.
125 port - port # for OPL chip
127 This module supports multiple cards. It does not support autoprobe, so
128 the port must be specified. For actual AdLib FM cards it will be 0x388.
129 Note that this card does not have PCM support and no mixer; only FM
130 synthesis.
132 Make sure you have "sbiload" from the alsa-tools package available and,
133 after loading the module, find out the assigned ALSA sequencer port
134 number through "sbiload -l". Example output:
136 Port Client name Port name
137 64:0 OPL2 FM synth OPL2 FM Port
139 Load the std.sb and drums.sb patches also supplied by sbiload:
141 sbiload -p 64:0 std.sb drums.sb
143 If you use this driver to drive an OPL3, you can use std.o3 and drums.o3
144 instead. To have the card produce sound, use aplaymidi from alsa-utils:
146 aplaymidi -p 64:0 foo.mid
148 Module snd-ad1816a
149 ------------------
151 Module for sound cards based on Analog Devices AD1816A/AD1815 ISA chips.
153 clockfreq - Clock frequency for AD1816A chip (default = 0, 33000Hz)
155 This module supports multiple cards, autoprobe and PnP.
157 Module snd-ad1848
158 -----------------
160 Module for sound cards based on AD1848/AD1847/CS4248 ISA chips.
162 port - port # for AD1848 chip
163 irq - IRQ # for AD1848 chip
164 dma1 - DMA # for AD1848 chip (0,1,3)
166 This module supports multiple cards. It does not support autoprobe
167 thus main port must be specified!!! Other ports are optional.
169 The power-management is supported.
171 Module snd-ad1889
172 -----------------
174 Module for Analog Devices AD1889 chips.
176 ac97_quirk - AC'97 workaround for strange hardware
177 See the description of intel8x0 module for details.
179 This module supports multiple cards.
181 Module snd-ali5451
182 ------------------
184 Module for ALi M5451 PCI chip.
186 pcm_channels - Number of hardware channels assigned for PCM
187 spdif - Support SPDIF I/O
188 - Default: disabled
190 This module supports one chip and autoprobe.
192 The power-management is supported.
194 Module snd-als100
195 -----------------
197 Module for sound cards based on Avance Logic ALS100/ALS120 ISA chips.
199 This module supports multiple cards, autoprobe and PnP.
201 The power-management is supported.
203 Module snd-als300
204 -----------------
206 Module for Avance Logic ALS300 and ALS300+
208 This module supports multiple cards.
210 The power-management is supported.
212 Module snd-als4000
213 ------------------
215 Module for sound cards based on Avance Logic ALS4000 PCI chip.
217 joystick_port - port # for legacy joystick support.
218 0 = disabled (default), 1 = auto-detect
220 This module supports multiple cards, autoprobe and PnP.
222 The power-management is supported.
224 Module snd-atiixp
225 -----------------
227 Module for ATI IXP 150/200/250/400 AC97 controllers.
229 ac97_clock - AC'97 clock (default = 48000)
230 ac97_quirk - AC'97 workaround for strange hardware
231 See "AC97 Quirk Option" section below.
232 ac97_codec - Workaround to specify which AC'97 codec
233 instead of probing. If this works for you
234 file a bug with your `lspci -vn` output.
235 -2 -- Force probing.
236 -1 -- Default behavior.
237 0-2 -- Use the specified codec.
238 spdif_aclink - S/PDIF transfer over AC-link (default = 1)
240 This module supports one card and autoprobe.
242 ATI IXP has two different methods to control SPDIF output. One is
243 over AC-link and another is over the "direct" SPDIF output. The
244 implementation depends on the motherboard, and you'll need to
245 choose the correct one via spdif_aclink module option.
247 The power-management is supported.
249 Module snd-atiixp-modem
250 -----------------------
252 Module for ATI IXP 150/200/250 AC97 modem controllers.
254 This module supports one card and autoprobe.
256 Note: The default index value of this module is -2, i.e. the first
257 slot is excluded.
259 The power-management is supported.
261 Module snd-au8810, snd-au8820, snd-au8830
262 -----------------------------------------
264 Module for Aureal Vortex, Vortex2 and Advantage device.
266 pcifix - Control PCI workarounds
267 0 = Disable all workarounds
268 1 = Force the PCI latency of the Aureal card to 0xff
269 2 = Force the Extend PCI#2 Internal Master for Efficient
270 Handling of Dummy Requests on the VIA KT133 AGP Bridge
271 3 = Force both settings
272 255 = Autodetect what is required (default)
274 This module supports all ADB PCM channels, ac97 mixer, SPDIF, hardware
275 EQ, mpu401, gameport. A3D and wavetable support are still in development.
276 Development and reverse engineering work is being coordinated at
277 http://savannah.nongnu.org/projects/openvortex/
278 SPDIF output has a copy of the AC97 codec output, unless you use the
279 "spdif" pcm device, which allows raw data passthru.
280 The hardware EQ hardware and SPDIF is only present in the Vortex2 and
281 Advantage.
283 Note: Some ALSA mixer applications don't handle the SPDIF sample rate
284 control correctly. If you have problems regarding this, try
285 another ALSA compliant mixer (alsamixer works).
287 Module snd-aw2
288 --------------
290 Module for Audiowerk2 sound card
292 This module supports multiple cards.
294 Module snd-azt2320
295 ------------------
297 Module for sound cards based on Aztech System AZT2320 ISA chip (PnP only).
299 This module supports multiple cards, PnP and autoprobe.
301 The power-management is supported.
303 Module snd-azt3328
304 ------------------
306 Module for sound cards based on Aztech AZF3328 PCI chip.
308 joystick - Enable joystick (default off)
310 This module supports multiple cards.
312 Module snd-bt87x
313 ----------------
315 Module for video cards based on Bt87x chips.
317 digital_rate - Override the default digital rate (Hz)
318 load_all - Load the driver even if the card model isn't known
320 This module supports multiple cards.
322 Note: The default index value of this module is -2, i.e. the first
323 slot is excluded.
325 Module snd-ca0106
326 -----------------
328 Module for Creative Audigy LS and SB Live 24bit
330 This module supports multiple cards.
333 Module snd-cmi8330
334 ------------------
336 Module for sound cards based on C-Media CMI8330 ISA chips.
338 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
340 with isapnp=0, the following options are available:
342 wssport - port # for CMI8330 chip (WSS)
343 wssirq - IRQ # for CMI8330 chip (WSS)
344 wssdma - first DMA # for CMI8330 chip (WSS)
345 sbport - port # for CMI8330 chip (SB16)
346 sbirq - IRQ # for CMI8330 chip (SB16)
347 sbdma8 - 8bit DMA # for CMI8330 chip (SB16)
348 sbdma16 - 16bit DMA # for CMI8330 chip (SB16)
349 fmport - (optional) OPL3 I/O port
350 mpuport - (optional) MPU401 I/O port
351 mpuirq - (optional) MPU401 irq #
353 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
355 The power-management is supported.
357 Module snd-cmipci
358 -----------------
360 Module for C-Media CMI8338/8738/8768/8770 PCI sound cards.
362 mpu_port - port address of MIDI interface (8338 only):
363 0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330 = legacy port,
364 0 = disable (default)
365 fm_port - port address of OPL-3 FM synthesizer (8x38 only):
366 0x388 = legacy port,
367 1 = integrated PCI port (default on 8738),
368 0 = disable
369 soft_ac3 - Software-conversion of raw SPDIF packets (model 033 only)
370 (default = 1)
371 joystick_port - Joystick port address (0 = disable, 1 = auto-detect)
373 This module supports autoprobe and multiple cards.
375 The power-management is supported.
377 Module snd-cs4231
378 -----------------
380 Module for sound cards based on CS4231 ISA chips.
382 port - port # for CS4231 chip
383 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (optional), -1 = disable
384 irq - IRQ # for CS4231 chip
385 mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 UART
386 dma1 - first DMA # for CS4231 chip
387 dma2 - second DMA # for CS4231 chip
389 This module supports multiple cards. This module does not support autoprobe
390 thus main port must be specified!!! Other ports are optional.
392 The power-management is supported.
394 Module snd-cs4236
395 -----------------
397 Module for sound cards based on CS4232/CS4232A,
398 CS4235/CS4236/CS4236B/CS4237B/
399 CS4238B/CS4239 ISA chips.
401 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
403 with isapnp=0, the following options are available:
405 port - port # for CS4236 chip (PnP setup - 0x534)
406 cport - control port # for CS4236 chip (PnP setup - 0x120,0x210,0xf00)
407 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (PnP setup - 0x300), -1 = disable
408 fm_port - FM port # for CS4236 chip (PnP setup - 0x388), -1 = disable
409 irq - IRQ # for CS4236 chip (5,7,9,11,12,15)
410 mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 UART (9,11,12,15)
411 dma1 - first DMA # for CS4236 chip (0,1,3)
412 dma2 - second DMA # for CS4236 chip (0,1,3), -1 = disable
414 This module supports multiple cards. This module does not support autoprobe
415 (if ISA PnP is not used) thus main port and control port must be
416 specified!!! Other ports are optional.
418 The power-management is supported.
420 This module is aliased as snd-cs4232 since it provides the old
421 snd-cs4232 functionality, too.
423 Module snd-cs4281
424 -----------------
426 Module for Cirrus Logic CS4281 soundchip.
428 dual_codec - Secondary codec ID (0 = disable, default)
430 This module supports multiple cards.
432 The power-management is supported.
434 Module snd-cs46xx
435 -----------------
437 Module for PCI sound cards based on CS4610/CS4612/CS4614/CS4615/CS4622/
438 CS4624/CS4630/CS4280 PCI chips.
440 external_amp - Force to enable external amplifier.
441 thinkpad - Force to enable Thinkpad's CLKRUN control.
442 mmap_valid - Support OSS mmap mode (default = 0).
444 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
445 Usually external amp and CLKRUN controls are detected automatically
446 from PCI sub vendor/device ids. If they don't work, give the options
447 above explicitly.
449 The power-management is supported.
451 Module snd-cs5530
452 _________________
454 Module for Cyrix/NatSemi Geode 5530 chip.
456 Module snd-cs5535audio
457 ----------------------
459 Module for multifunction CS5535 companion PCI device
461 The power-management is supported.
463 Module snd-darla20
464 ------------------
466 Module for Echoaudio Darla20
468 This module supports multiple cards.
469 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
471 Module snd-darla24
472 ------------------
474 Module for Echoaudio Darla24
476 This module supports multiple cards.
477 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
479 Module snd-dt019x
480 -----------------
482 Module for Diamond Technologies DT-019X / Avance Logic ALS-007 (PnP
483 only)
485 This module supports multiple cards. This module is enabled only with
486 ISA PnP support.
488 The power-management is supported.
490 Module snd-dummy
491 ----------------
493 Module for the dummy sound card. This "card" doesn't do any output
494 or input, but you may use this module for any application which
495 requires a sound card (like RealPlayer).
497 The power-management is supported.
499 Module snd-echo3g
500 -----------------
502 Module for Echoaudio 3G cards (Gina3G/Layla3G)
504 This module supports multiple cards.
505 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
507 Module snd-emu10k1
508 ------------------
510 Module for EMU10K1/EMU10k2 based PCI sound cards.
511 * Sound Blaster Live!
512 * Sound Blaster PCI 512
513 * Emu APS (partially supported)
514 * Sound Blaster Audigy
516 extin - bitmap of available external inputs for FX8010 (see bellow)
517 extout - bitmap of available external outputs for FX8010 (see bellow)
518 seq_ports - allocated sequencer ports (4 by default)
519 max_synth_voices - limit of voices used for wavetable (64 by default)
520 max_buffer_size - specifies the maximum size of wavetable/pcm buffers
521 given in MB unit. Default value is 128.
522 enable_ir - enable IR
524 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
526 Input & Output configurations [extin/extout]
527 * Creative Card wo/Digital out [0x0003/0x1f03]
528 * Creative Card w/Digital out [0x0003/0x1f0f]
529 * Creative Card w/Digital CD in [0x000f/0x1f0f]
530 * Creative Card wo/Digital out + LiveDrive [0x3fc3/0x1fc3]
531 * Creative Card w/Digital out + LiveDrive [0x3fc3/0x1fcf]
532 * Creative Card w/Digital CD in + LiveDrive [0x3fcf/0x1fcf]
533 * Creative Card wo/Digital out + Digital I/O 2 [0x0fc3/0x1f0f]
534 * Creative Card w/Digital out + Digital I/O 2 [0x0fc3/0x1f0f]
535 * Creative Card w/Digital CD in + Digital I/O 2 [0x0fcf/0x1f0f]
536 * Creative Card 5.1/w Digital out + LiveDrive [0x3fc3/0x1fff]
537 * Creative Card 5.1 (c) 2003 [0x3fc3/0x7cff]
538 * Creative Card all ins and outs [0x3fff/0x7fff]
540 The power-management is supported.
542 Module snd-emu10k1x
543 -------------------
545 Module for Creative Emu10k1X (SB Live Dell OEM version)
547 This module supports multiple cards.
549 Module snd-ens1370
550 ------------------
552 Module for Ensoniq AudioPCI ES1370 PCI sound cards.
553 * SoundBlaster PCI 64
554 * SoundBlaster PCI 128
556 joystick - Enable joystick (default off)
558 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
560 The power-management is supported.
562 Module snd-ens1371
563 ------------------
565 Module for Ensoniq AudioPCI ES1371 PCI sound cards.
566 * SoundBlaster PCI 64
567 * SoundBlaster PCI 128
568 * SoundBlaster Vibra PCI
570 joystick_port - port # for joystick (0x200,0x208,0x210,0x218),
571 0 = disable (default), 1 = auto-detect
573 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
575 The power-management is supported.
577 Module snd-es968
578 ----------------
580 Module for sound cards based on ESS ES968 chip (PnP only).
582 This module supports multiple cards, PnP and autoprobe.
584 The power-management is supported.
586 Module snd-es1688
587 -----------------
589 Module for ESS AudioDrive ES-1688 and ES-688 sound cards.
591 port - port # for ES-1688 chip (0x220,0x240,0x260)
592 fm_port - port # for OPL3 (option; share the same port as default)
593 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 port (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330), -1 = disable (default)
594 irq - IRQ # for ES-1688 chip (5,7,9,10)
595 mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 port (5,7,9,10)
596 dma8 - DMA # for ES-1688 chip (0,1,3)
598 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe (without MPU-401 port).
600 Module snd-es18xx
601 -----------------
603 Module for ESS AudioDrive ES-18xx sound cards.
605 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
607 with isapnp=0, the following options are available:
609 port - port # for ES-18xx chip (0x220,0x240,0x260)
610 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 port (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330), -1 = disable (default)
611 fm_port - port # for FM (optional, not used)
612 irq - IRQ # for ES-18xx chip (5,7,9,10)
613 dma1 - first DMA # for ES-18xx chip (0,1,3)
614 dma2 - first DMA # for ES-18xx chip (0,1,3)
616 This module supports multiple cards, ISA PnP and autoprobe (without MPU-401
617 port if native ISA PnP routines are not used).
618 When dma2 is equal with dma1, the driver works as half-duplex.
620 The power-management is supported.
622 Module snd-es1938
623 -----------------
625 Module for sound cards based on ESS Solo-1 (ES1938,ES1946) chips.
627 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
629 The power-management is supported.
631 Module snd-es1968
632 -----------------
634 Module for sound cards based on ESS Maestro-1/2/2E (ES1968/ES1978) chips.
636 total_bufsize - total buffer size in kB (1-4096kB)
637 pcm_substreams_p - playback channels (1-8, default=2)
638 pcm_substreams_c - capture channels (1-8, default=0)
639 clock - clock (0 = auto-detection)
640 use_pm - support the power-management (0 = off, 1 = on,
641 2 = auto (default))
642 enable_mpu - enable MPU401 (0 = off, 1 = on, 2 = auto (default))
643 joystick - enable joystick (default off)
645 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
647 The power-management is supported.
649 Module snd-fm801
650 ----------------
652 Module for ForteMedia FM801 based PCI sound cards.
654 tea575x_tuner - Enable TEA575x tuner
655 - 1 = MediaForte 256-PCS
656 - 2 = MediaForte 256-PCPR
657 - 3 = MediaForte 64-PCR
658 - High 16-bits are video (radio) device number + 1
659 - example: 0x10002 (MediaForte 256-PCPR, device 1)
661 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
663 The power-management is supported.
665 Module snd-gina20
666 -----------------
668 Module for Echoaudio Gina20
670 This module supports multiple cards.
671 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
673 Module snd-gina24
674 -----------------
676 Module for Echoaudio Gina24
678 This module supports multiple cards.
679 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
681 Module snd-gusclassic
682 ---------------------
684 Module for Gravis UltraSound Classic sound card.
686 port - port # for GF1 chip (0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260)
687 irq - IRQ # for GF1 chip (3,5,9,11,12,15)
688 dma1 - DMA # for GF1 chip (1,3,5,6,7)
689 dma2 - DMA # for GF1 chip (1,3,5,6,7,-1=disable)
690 joystick_dac - 0 to 31, (0.59V-4.52V or 0.389V-2.98V)
691 voices - GF1 voices limit (14-32)
692 pcm_voices - reserved PCM voices
694 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
696 Module snd-gusextreme
697 ---------------------
699 Module for Gravis UltraSound Extreme (Synergy ViperMax) sound card.
701 port - port # for ES-1688 chip (0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260)
702 gf1_port - port # for GF1 chip (0x210,0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260,0x270)
703 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 port (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330), -1 = disable
704 irq - IRQ # for ES-1688 chip (5,7,9,10)
705 gf1_irq - IRQ # for GF1 chip (3,5,9,11,12,15)
706 mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 port (5,7,9,10)
707 dma8 - DMA # for ES-1688 chip (0,1,3)
708 dma1 - DMA # for GF1 chip (1,3,5,6,7)
709 joystick_dac - 0 to 31, (0.59V-4.52V or 0.389V-2.98V)
710 voices - GF1 voices limit (14-32)
711 pcm_voices - reserved PCM voices
713 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe (without MPU-401 port).
715 Module snd-gusmax
716 -----------------
718 Module for Gravis UltraSound MAX sound card.
720 port - port # for GF1 chip (0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260)
721 irq - IRQ # for GF1 chip (3,5,9,11,12,15)
722 dma1 - DMA # for GF1 chip (1,3,5,6,7)
723 dma2 - DMA # for GF1 chip (1,3,5,6,7,-1=disable)
724 joystick_dac - 0 to 31, (0.59V-4.52V or 0.389V-2.98V)
725 voices - GF1 voices limit (14-32)
726 pcm_voices - reserved PCM voices
728 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
730 Module snd-hda-intel
731 --------------------
733 Module for Intel HD Audio (ICH6, ICH6M, ESB2, ICH7, ICH8, ICH9, ICH10,
734 PCH, SCH),
735 ATI SB450, SB600, R600, RS600, RS690, RS780, RV610, RV620,
736 RV630, RV635, RV670, RV770,
737 VIA VT8251/VT8237A,
738 SIS966, ULI M5461
740 [Multiple options for each card instance]
741 model - force the model name
742 position_fix - Fix DMA pointer (0 = auto, 1 = use LPIB, 2 = POSBUF)
743 probe_mask - Bitmask to probe codecs (default = -1, meaning all slots)
744 When the bit 8 (0x100) is set, the lower 8 bits are used
745 as the "fixed" codec slots; i.e. the driver probes the
746 slots regardless what hardware reports back
747 probe_only - Only probing and no codec initialization (default=off);
748 Useful to check the initial codec status for debugging
749 bdl_pos_adj - Specifies the DMA IRQ timing delay in samples.
750 Passing -1 will make the driver to choose the appropriate
751 value based on the controller chip.
753 [Single (global) options]
754 single_cmd - Use single immediate commands to communicate with
755 codecs (for debugging only)
756 enable_msi - Enable Message Signaled Interrupt (MSI) (default = off)
757 power_save - Automatic power-saving timtout (in second, 0 =
758 disable)
759 power_save_controller - Reset HD-audio controller in power-saving mode
760 (default = on)
762 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
764 See Documentation/sound/alsa/HD-Audio.txt for more details about
765 HD-audio driver.
767 Each codec may have a model table for different configurations.
768 If your machine isn't listed there, the default (usually minimal)
769 configuration is set up. You can pass "model=<name>" option to
770 specify a certain model in such a case. There are different
771 models depending on the codec chip. The list of available models
772 is found in HD-Audio-Models.txt
774 The model name "genric" is treated as a special case. When this
775 model is given, the driver uses the generic codec parser without
776 "codec-patch". It's sometimes good for testing and debugging.
778 If the default configuration doesn't work and one of the above
779 matches with your device, report it together with alsa-info.sh
780 output (with --no-upload option) to kernel bugzilla or alsa-devel
781 ML (see the section "Links and Addresses").
783 power_save and power_save_controller options are for power-saving
784 mode. See powersave.txt for details.
786 Note 2: If you get click noises on output, try the module option
787 position_fix=1 or 2. position_fix=1 will use the SD_LPIB
788 register value without FIFO size correction as the current
789 DMA pointer. position_fix=2 will make the driver to use
790 the position buffer instead of reading SD_LPIB register.
791 (Usually SD_LPIB register is more accurate than the
792 position buffer.)
794 NB: If you get many "azx_get_response timeout" messages at
795 loading, it's likely a problem of interrupts (e.g. ACPI irq
796 routing). Try to boot with options like "pci=noacpi". Also, you
797 can try "single_cmd=1" module option. This will switch the
798 communication method between HDA controller and codecs to the
799 single immediate commands instead of CORB/RIRB. Basically, the
800 single command mode is provided only for BIOS, and you won't get
801 unsolicited events, too. But, at least, this works independently
802 from the irq. Remember this is a last resort, and should be
803 avoided as much as possible...
805 MORE NOTES ON "azx_get_response timeout" PROBLEMS:
806 On some hardwares, you may need to add a proper probe_mask option
807 to avoid the "azx_get_response timeout" problem above, instead.
808 This occurs when the access to non-existing or non-working codec slot
809 (likely a modem one) causes a stall of the communication via HD-audio
810 bus. You can see which codec slots are probed by enabling
811 CONFIG_SND_DEBUG_VERBOSE, or simply from the file name of the codec
812 proc files. Then limit the slots to probe by probe_mask option.
813 For example, probe_mask=1 means to probe only the first slot, and
814 probe_mask=4 means only the third slot.
816 The power-management is supported.
818 Module snd-hdsp
819 ---------------
821 Module for RME Hammerfall DSP audio interface(s)
823 This module supports multiple cards.
825 Note: The firmware data can be automatically loaded via hotplug
826 when CONFIG_FW_LOADER is set. Otherwise, you need to load
827 the firmware via hdsploader utility included in alsa-tools
828 package.
829 The firmware data is found in alsa-firmware package.
831 Note: snd-page-alloc module does the job which snd-hammerfall-mem
832 module did formerly. It will allocate the buffers in advance
833 when any HDSP cards are found. To make the buffer
834 allocation sure, load snd-page-alloc module in the early
835 stage of boot sequence. See "Early Buffer Allocation"
836 section.
838 Module snd-hdspm
839 ----------------
841 Module for RME HDSP MADI board.
843 precise_ptr - Enable precise pointer, or disable.
844 line_outs_monitor - Send playback streams to analog outs by default.
845 enable_monitor - Enable Analog Out on Channel 63/64 by default.
847 See hdspm.txt for details.
849 Module snd-hifier
850 -----------------
852 Module for the MediaTek/TempoTec HiFier Fantasia sound card.
854 This module supports autoprobe and multiple cards.
856 Module snd-ice1712
857 ------------------
859 Module for Envy24 (ICE1712) based PCI sound cards.
860 * MidiMan M Audio Delta 1010
861 * MidiMan M Audio Delta 1010LT
862 * MidiMan M Audio Delta DiO 2496
863 * MidiMan M Audio Delta 66
864 * MidiMan M Audio Delta 44
865 * MidiMan M Audio Delta 410
866 * MidiMan M Audio Audiophile 2496
867 * TerraTec EWS 88MT
868 * TerraTec EWS 88D
869 * TerraTec EWX 24/96
870 * TerraTec DMX 6Fire
871 * TerraTec Phase 88
872 * Hoontech SoundTrack DSP 24
873 * Hoontech SoundTrack DSP 24 Value
874 * Hoontech SoundTrack DSP 24 Media 7.1
875 * Event Electronics, EZ8
876 * Digigram VX442
877 * Lionstracs, Mediastaton
878 * Terrasoniq TS 88
880 model - Use the given board model, one of the following:
881 delta1010, dio2496, delta66, delta44, audiophile, delta410,
882 delta1010lt, vx442, ewx2496, ews88mt, ews88mt_new, ews88d,
883 dmx6fire, dsp24, dsp24_value, dsp24_71, ez8,
884 phase88, mediastation
885 omni - Omni I/O support for MidiMan M-Audio Delta44/66
886 cs8427_timeout - reset timeout for the CS8427 chip (S/PDIF transceiver)
887 in msec resolution, default value is 500 (0.5 sec)
889 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe. Note: The consumer part
890 is not used with all Envy24 based cards (for example in the MidiMan Delta
891 serie).
893 Note: The supported board is detected by reading EEPROM or PCI
894 SSID (if EEPROM isn't available). You can override the
895 model by passing "model" module option in case that the
896 driver isn't configured properly or you want to try another
897 type for testing.
899 Module snd-ice1724
900 ------------------
902 Module for Envy24HT (VT/ICE1724), Envy24PT (VT1720) based PCI sound cards.
903 * MidiMan M Audio Revolution 5.1
904 * MidiMan M Audio Revolution 7.1
905 * MidiMan M Audio Audiophile 192
906 * AMP Ltd AUDIO2000
907 * TerraTec Aureon 5.1 Sky
908 * TerraTec Aureon 7.1 Space
909 * TerraTec Aureon 7.1 Universe
910 * TerraTec Phase 22
911 * TerraTec Phase 28
912 * AudioTrak Prodigy 7.1
913 * AudioTrak Prodigy 7.1 LT
914 * AudioTrak Prodigy 7.1 XT
915 * AudioTrak Prodigy 7.1 HIFI
916 * AudioTrak Prodigy 7.1 HD2
917 * AudioTrak Prodigy 192
918 * Pontis MS300
919 * Albatron K8X800 Pro II
920 * Chaintech ZNF3-150
921 * Chaintech ZNF3-250
922 * Chaintech 9CJS
923 * Chaintech AV-710
924 * Shuttle SN25P
925 * Onkyo SE-90PCI
926 * Onkyo SE-200PCI
927 * ESI Juli@
928 * Hercules Fortissimo IV
929 * EGO-SYS WaveTerminal 192M
931 model - Use the given board model, one of the following:
932 revo51, revo71, amp2000, prodigy71, prodigy71lt,
933 prodigy71xt, prodigy71hifi, prodigyhd2, prodigy192,
934 juli, aureon51, aureon71, universe, ap192, k8x800,
935 phase22, phase28, ms300, av710, se200pci, se90pci,
936 fortissimo4, sn25p, WT192M
938 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
940 Note: The supported board is detected by reading EEPROM or PCI
941 SSID (if EEPROM isn't available). You can override the
942 model by passing "model" module option in case that the
943 driver isn't configured properly or you want to try another
944 type for testing.
946 Module snd-indigo
947 -----------------
949 Module for Echoaudio Indigo
951 This module supports multiple cards.
952 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
954 Module snd-indigodj
955 -------------------
957 Module for Echoaudio Indigo DJ
959 This module supports multiple cards.
960 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
962 Module snd-indigoio
963 -------------------
965 Module for Echoaudio Indigo IO
967 This module supports multiple cards.
968 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
970 Module snd-intel8x0
971 -------------------
973 Module for AC'97 motherboards from Intel and compatibles.
974 * Intel i810/810E, i815, i820, i830, i84x, MX440
975 ICH5, ICH6, ICH7, 6300ESB, ESB2
976 * SiS 7012 (SiS 735)
977 * NVidia NForce, NForce2, NForce3, MCP04, CK804
978 CK8, CK8S, MCP501
979 * AMD AMD768, AMD8111
980 * ALi m5455
982 ac97_clock - AC'97 codec clock base (0 = auto-detect)
983 ac97_quirk - AC'97 workaround for strange hardware
984 See "AC97 Quirk Option" section below.
985 buggy_irq - Enable workaround for buggy interrupts on some
986 motherboards (default yes on nForce chips,
987 otherwise off)
988 buggy_semaphore - Enable workaround for hardwares with buggy
989 semaphores (e.g. on some ASUS laptops)
990 (default off)
991 spdif_aclink - Use S/PDIF over AC-link instead of direct connection
992 from the controller chip
993 (0 = off, 1 = on, -1 = default)
995 This module supports one chip and autoprobe.
997 Note: the latest driver supports auto-detection of chip clock.
998 if you still encounter too fast playback, specify the clock
999 explicitly via the module option "ac97_clock=41194".
1001 Joystick/MIDI ports are not supported by this driver. If your
1002 motherboard has these devices, use the ns558 or snd-mpu401
1003 modules, respectively.
1005 The power-management is supported.
1007 Module snd-intel8x0m
1008 --------------------
1010 Module for Intel ICH (i8x0) chipset MC97 modems.
1011 * Intel i810/810E, i815, i820, i830, i84x, MX440
1012 ICH5, ICH6, ICH7
1013 * SiS 7013 (SiS 735)
1014 * NVidia NForce, NForce2, NForce2s, NForce3
1015 * AMD AMD8111
1016 * ALi m5455
1018 ac97_clock - AC'97 codec clock base (0 = auto-detect)
1020 This module supports one card and autoprobe.
1022 Note: The default index value of this module is -2, i.e. the first
1023 slot is excluded.
1025 The power-management is supported.
1027 Module snd-interwave
1028 --------------------
1030 Module for Gravis UltraSound PnP, Dynasonic 3-D/Pro, STB Sound Rage 32
1031 and other sound cards based on AMD InterWave (tm) chip.
1033 joystick_dac - 0 to 31, (0.59V-4.52V or 0.389V-2.98V)
1034 midi - 1 = MIDI UART enable, 0 = MIDI UART disable (default)
1035 pcm_voices - reserved PCM voices for the synthesizer (default 2)
1036 effect - 1 = InterWave effects enable (default 0);
1037 requires 8 voices
1038 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1040 with isapnp=0, the following options are available:
1042 port - port # for InterWave chip (0x210,0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260)
1043 irq - IRQ # for InterWave chip (3,5,9,11,12,15)
1044 dma1 - DMA # for InterWave chip (0,1,3,5,6,7)
1045 dma2 - DMA # for InterWave chip (0,1,3,5,6,7,-1=disable)
1047 This module supports multiple cards, autoprobe and ISA PnP.
1049 Module snd-interwave-stb
1050 ------------------------
1052 Module for UltraSound 32-Pro (sound card from STB used by Compaq)
1053 and other sound cards based on AMD InterWave (tm) chip with TEA6330T
1054 circuit for extended control of bass, treble and master volume.
1056 joystick_dac - 0 to 31, (0.59V-4.52V or 0.389V-2.98V)
1057 midi - 1 = MIDI UART enable, 0 = MIDI UART disable (default)
1058 pcm_voices - reserved PCM voices for the synthesizer (default 2)
1059 effect - 1 = InterWave effects enable (default 0);
1060 requires 8 voices
1061 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1063 with isapnp=0, the following options are available:
1065 port - port # for InterWave chip (0x210,0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260)
1066 port_tc - tone control (i2c bus) port # for TEA6330T chip (0x350,0x360,0x370,0x380)
1067 irq - IRQ # for InterWave chip (3,5,9,11,12,15)
1068 dma1 - DMA # for InterWave chip (0,1,3,5,6,7)
1069 dma2 - DMA # for InterWave chip (0,1,3,5,6,7,-1=disable)
1071 This module supports multiple cards, autoprobe and ISA PnP.
1073 Module snd-korg1212
1074 -------------------
1076 Module for Korg 1212 IO PCI card
1078 This module supports multiple cards.
1080 Module snd-layla20
1081 ------------------
1083 Module for Echoaudio Layla20
1085 This module supports multiple cards.
1086 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
1088 Module snd-layla24
1089 ------------------
1091 Module for Echoaudio Layla24
1093 This module supports multiple cards.
1094 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
1096 Module snd-maestro3
1097 -------------------
1099 Module for Allegro/Maestro3 chips
1101 external_amp - enable external amp (enabled by default)
1102 amp_gpio - GPIO pin number for external amp (0-15) or
1103 -1 for default pin (8 for allegro, 1 for
1104 others)
1106 This module supports autoprobe and multiple chips.
1108 Note: the binding of amplifier is dependent on hardware.
1109 If there is no sound even though all channels are unmuted, try to
1110 specify other gpio connection via amp_gpio option.
1111 For example, a Panasonic notebook might need "amp_gpio=0x0d"
1112 option.
1114 The power-management is supported.
1116 Module snd-mia
1117 ---------------
1119 Module for Echoaudio Mia
1121 This module supports multiple cards.
1122 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
1124 Module snd-miro
1125 ---------------
1127 Module for Miro soundcards: miroSOUND PCM 1 pro,
1128 miroSOUND PCM 12,
1129 miroSOUND PCM 20 Radio.
1131 port - Port # (0x530,0x604,0xe80,0xf40)
1132 irq - IRQ # (5,7,9,10,11)
1133 dma1 - 1st dma # (0,1,3)
1134 dma2 - 2nd dma # (0,1)
1135 mpu_port - MPU-401 port # (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330)
1136 mpu_irq - MPU-401 irq # (5,7,9,10)
1137 fm_port - FM Port # (0x388)
1138 wss - enable WSS mode
1139 ide - enable onboard ide support
1141 Module snd-mixart
1142 -----------------
1144 Module for Digigram miXart8 sound cards.
1146 This module supports multiple cards.
1147 Note: One miXart8 board will be represented as 4 alsa cards.
1148 See MIXART.txt for details.
1150 When the driver is compiled as a module and the hotplug firmware
1151 is supported, the firmware data is loaded via hotplug automatically.
1152 Install the necessary firmware files in alsa-firmware package.
1153 When no hotplug fw loader is available, you need to load the
1154 firmware via mixartloader utility in alsa-tools package.
1156 Module snd-mona
1157 ---------------
1159 Module for Echoaudio Mona
1161 This module supports multiple cards.
1162 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
1164 Module snd-mpu401
1165 -----------------
1167 Module for MPU-401 UART devices.
1169 port - port number or -1 (disable)
1170 irq - IRQ number or -1 (disable)
1171 pnp - PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1173 This module supports multiple devices and PnP.
1175 Module snd-msnd-classic
1176 -----------------------
1178 Module for Turtle Beach MultiSound Classic, Tahiti or Monterey
1179 soundcards.
1181 io - Port # for msnd-classic card
1182 irq - IRQ # for msnd-classic card
1183 mem - Memory address (0xb0000, 0xc8000, 0xd0000, 0xd8000,
1184 0xe0000 or 0xe8000)
1185 write_ndelay - enable write ndelay (default = 1)
1186 calibrate_signal - calibrate signal (default = 0)
1187 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1188 digital - Digital daughterboard present (default = 0)
1189 cfg - Config port (0x250, 0x260 or 0x270) default = PnP
1190 reset - Reset all devices
1191 mpu_io - MPU401 I/O port
1192 mpu_irq - MPU401 irq#
1193 ide_io0 - IDE port #0
1194 ide_io1 - IDE port #1
1195 ide_irq - IDE irq#
1196 joystick_io - Joystick I/O port
1198 The driver requires firmware files "turtlebeach/msndinit.bin" and
1199 "turtlebeach/msndperm.bin" in the proper firmware directory.
1201 See Documentation/sound/oss/MultiSound for important information
1202 about this driver. Note that it has been discontinued, but the
1203 Voyetra Turtle Beach knowledge base entry for it is still available
1204 at
1205 http://www.turtlebeach.com/site/kb_ftp/790.asp
1207 Module snd-msnd-pinnacle
1208 ------------------------
1210 Module for Turtle Beach MultiSound Pinnacle/Fiji soundcards.
1212 io - Port # for pinnacle/fiji card
1213 irq - IRQ # for pinnalce/fiji card
1214 mem - Memory address (0xb0000, 0xc8000, 0xd0000, 0xd8000,
1215 0xe0000 or 0xe8000)
1216 write_ndelay - enable write ndelay (default = 1)
1217 calibrate_signal - calibrate signal (default = 0)
1218 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1220 The driver requires firmware files "turtlebeach/pndspini.bin" and
1221 "turtlebeach/pndsperm.bin" in the proper firmware directory.
1223 Module snd-mtpav
1224 ----------------
1226 Module for MOTU MidiTimePiece AV multiport MIDI (on the parallel
1227 port).
1229 port - I/O port # for MTPAV (0x378,0x278, default=0x378)
1230 irq - IRQ # for MTPAV (7,5, default=7)
1231 hwports - number of supported hardware ports, default=8.
1233 Module supports only 1 card. This module has no enable option.
1235 Module snd-mts64
1236 ----------------
1238 Module for Ego Systems (ESI) Miditerminal 4140
1240 This module supports multiple devices.
1241 Requires parport (CONFIG_PARPORT).
1243 Module snd-nm256
1244 ----------------
1246 Module for NeoMagic NM256AV/ZX chips
1248 playback_bufsize - max playback frame size in kB (4-128kB)
1249 capture_bufsize - max capture frame size in kB (4-128kB)
1250 force_ac97 - 0 or 1 (disabled by default)
1251 buffer_top - specify buffer top address
1252 use_cache - 0 or 1 (disabled by default)
1253 vaio_hack - alias buffer_top=0x25a800
1254 reset_workaround - enable AC97 RESET workaround for some laptops
1255 reset_workaround2 - enable extended AC97 RESET workaround for some
1256 other laptops
1258 This module supports one chip and autoprobe.
1260 The power-management is supported.
1262 Note: on some notebooks the buffer address cannot be detected
1263 automatically, or causes hang-up during initialization.
1264 In such a case, specify the buffer top address explicitly via
1265 the buffer_top option.
1266 For example,
1267 Sony F250: buffer_top=0x25a800
1268 Sony F270: buffer_top=0x272800
1269 The driver supports only ac97 codec. It's possible to force
1270 to initialize/use ac97 although it's not detected. In such a
1271 case, use force_ac97=1 option - but *NO* guarantee whether it
1272 works!
1274 Note: The NM256 chip can be linked internally with non-AC97
1275 codecs. This driver supports only the AC97 codec, and won't work
1276 with machines with other (most likely CS423x or OPL3SAx) chips,
1277 even though the device is detected in lspci. In such a case, try
1278 other drivers, e.g. snd-cs4232 or snd-opl3sa2. Some has ISA-PnP
1279 but some doesn't have ISA PnP. You'll need to specify isapnp=0
1280 and proper hardware parameters in the case without ISA PnP.
1282 Note: some laptops need a workaround for AC97 RESET. For the
1283 known hardware like Dell Latitude LS and Sony PCG-F305, this
1284 workaround is enabled automatically. For other laptops with a
1285 hard freeze, you can try reset_workaround=1 option.
1287 Note: Dell Latitude CSx laptops have another problem regarding
1288 AC97 RESET. On these laptops, reset_workaround2 option is
1289 turned on as default. This option is worth to try if the
1290 previous reset_workaround option doesn't help.
1292 Note: This driver is really crappy. It's a porting from the
1293 OSS driver, which is a result of black-magic reverse engineering.
1294 The detection of codec will fail if the driver is loaded *after*
1295 X-server as described above. You might be able to force to load
1296 the module, but it may result in hang-up. Hence, make sure that
1297 you load this module *before* X if you encounter this kind of
1298 problem.
1300 Module snd-opl3sa2
1301 ------------------
1303 Module for Yamaha OPL3-SA2/SA3 sound cards.
1305 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1307 with isapnp=0, the following options are available:
1309 port - control port # for OPL3-SA chip (0x370)
1310 sb_port - SB port # for OPL3-SA chip (0x220,0x240)
1311 wss_port - WSS port # for OPL3-SA chip (0x530,0xe80,0xf40,0x604)
1312 midi_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (0x300,0x330), -1 = disable
1313 fm_port - FM port # for OPL3-SA chip (0x388), -1 = disable
1314 irq - IRQ # for OPL3-SA chip (5,7,9,10)
1315 dma1 - first DMA # for Yamaha OPL3-SA chip (0,1,3)
1316 dma2 - second DMA # for Yamaha OPL3-SA chip (0,1,3), -1 = disable
1318 This module supports multiple cards and ISA PnP. It does not support
1319 autoprobe (if ISA PnP is not used) thus all ports must be specified!!!
1321 The power-management is supported.
1323 Module snd-opti92x-ad1848
1324 -------------------------
1326 Module for sound cards based on OPTi 82c92x and Analog Devices AD1848 chips.
1327 Module works with OAK Mozart cards as well.
1329 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1331 with isapnp=0, the following options are available:
1333 port - port # for WSS chip (0x530,0xe80,0xf40,0x604)
1334 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330)
1335 fm_port - port # for OPL3 device (0x388)
1336 irq - IRQ # for WSS chip (5,7,9,10,11)
1337 mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 UART (5,7,9,10)
1338 dma1 - first DMA # for WSS chip (0,1,3)
1340 This module supports only one card, autoprobe and PnP.
1342 Module snd-opti92x-cs4231
1343 -------------------------
1345 Module for sound cards based on OPTi 82c92x and Crystal CS4231 chips.
1347 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1349 with isapnp=0, the following options are available:
1351 port - port # for WSS chip (0x530,0xe80,0xf40,0x604)
1352 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330)
1353 fm_port - port # for OPL3 device (0x388)
1354 irq - IRQ # for WSS chip (5,7,9,10,11)
1355 mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 UART (5,7,9,10)
1356 dma1 - first DMA # for WSS chip (0,1,3)
1357 dma2 - second DMA # for WSS chip (0,1,3)
1359 This module supports only one card, autoprobe and PnP.
1361 Module snd-opti93x
1362 ------------------
1364 Module for sound cards based on OPTi 82c93x chips.
1366 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1368 with isapnp=0, the following options are available:
1370 port - port # for WSS chip (0x530,0xe80,0xf40,0x604)
1371 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330)
1372 fm_port - port # for OPL3 device (0x388)
1373 irq - IRQ # for WSS chip (5,7,9,10,11)
1374 mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 UART (5,7,9,10)
1375 dma1 - first DMA # for WSS chip (0,1,3)
1376 dma2 - second DMA # for WSS chip (0,1,3)
1378 This module supports only one card, autoprobe and PnP.
1380 Module snd-oxygen
1381 -----------------
1383 Module for sound cards based on the C-Media CMI8788 chip:
1384 * Asound A-8788
1385 * AuzenTech X-Meridian
1386 * Bgears b-Enspirer
1387 * Club3D Theatron DTS
1388 * HT-Omega Claro (plus)
1389 * HT-Omega Claro halo (XT)
1390 * Razer Barracuda AC-1
1391 * Sondigo Inferno
1393 This module supports autoprobe and multiple cards.
1395 Module snd-pcsp
1396 -----------------
1398 Module for internal PC-Speaker.
1400 nforce_wa - enable NForce chipset workaround. Expect bad sound.
1402 This module supports system beeps, some kind of PCM playback and
1403 even a few mixer controls.
1405 Module snd-pcxhr
1406 ----------------
1408 Module for Digigram PCXHR boards
1410 This module supports multiple cards.
1412 Module snd-portman2x4
1413 ---------------------
1415 Module for Midiman Portman 2x4 parallel port MIDI interface
1417 This module supports multiple cards.
1419 Module snd-powermac (on ppc only)
1420 ---------------------------------
1422 Module for PowerMac, iMac and iBook on-board soundchips
1424 enable_beep - enable beep using PCM (enabled as default)
1426 Module supports autoprobe a chip.
1428 Note: the driver may have problems regarding endianess.
1430 The power-management is supported.
1432 Module snd-pxa2xx-ac97 (on arm only)
1433 ------------------------------------
1435 Module for AC97 driver for the Intel PXA2xx chip
1437 For ARM architecture only.
1439 The power-management is supported.
1441 Module snd-riptide
1442 ------------------
1444 Module for Conexant Riptide chip
1446 joystick_port - Joystick port # (default: 0x200)
1447 mpu_port - MPU401 port # (default: 0x330)
1448 opl3_port - OPL3 port # (default: 0x388)
1450 This module supports multiple cards.
1451 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
1452 You need to install the firmware file "riptide.hex" to the standard
1453 firmware path (e.g. /lib/firmware).
1455 Module snd-rme32
1456 ----------------
1458 Module for RME Digi32, Digi32 Pro and Digi32/8 (Sek'd Prodif32,
1459 Prodif96 and Prodif Gold) sound cards.
1461 This module supports multiple cards.
1463 Module snd-rme96
1464 ----------------
1466 Module for RME Digi96, Digi96/8 and Digi96/8 PRO/PAD/PST sound cards.
1468 This module supports multiple cards.
1470 Module snd-rme9652
1471 ------------------
1473 Module for RME Digi9652 (Hammerfall, Hammerfall-Light) sound cards.
1475 precise_ptr - Enable precise pointer (doesn't work reliably).
1476 (default = 0)
1478 This module supports multiple cards.
1480 Note: snd-page-alloc module does the job which snd-hammerfall-mem
1481 module did formerly. It will allocate the buffers in advance
1482 when any RME9652 cards are found. To make the buffer
1483 allocation sure, load snd-page-alloc module in the early
1484 stage of boot sequence. See "Early Buffer Allocation"
1485 section.
1487 Module snd-sa11xx-uda1341 (on arm only)
1488 ---------------------------------------
1490 Module for Philips UDA1341TS on Compaq iPAQ H3600 sound card.
1492 Module supports only one card.
1493 Module has no enable and index options.
1495 The power-management is supported.
1497 Module snd-sb8
1498 --------------
1500 Module for 8-bit SoundBlaster cards: SoundBlaster 1.0,
1501 SoundBlaster 2.0,
1502 SoundBlaster Pro
1504 port - port # for SB DSP chip (0x220,0x240,0x260)
1505 irq - IRQ # for SB DSP chip (5,7,9,10)
1506 dma8 - DMA # for SB DSP chip (1,3)
1508 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
1510 The power-management is supported.
1512 Module snd-sb16 and snd-sbawe
1513 -----------------------------
1515 Module for 16-bit SoundBlaster cards: SoundBlaster 16 (PnP),
1516 SoundBlaster AWE 32 (PnP),
1517 SoundBlaster AWE 64 PnP
1519 mic_agc - Mic Auto-Gain-Control - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1520 csp - ASP/CSP chip support - 0 = disable (default), 1 = enable
1521 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1523 with isapnp=0, the following options are available:
1525 port - port # for SB DSP 4.x chip (0x220,0x240,0x260)
1526 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (0x300,0x330), -1 = disable
1527 awe_port - base port # for EMU8000 synthesizer (0x620,0x640,0x660)
1528 (snd-sbawe module only)
1529 irq - IRQ # for SB DSP 4.x chip (5,7,9,10)
1530 dma8 - 8-bit DMA # for SB DSP 4.x chip (0,1,3)
1531 dma16 - 16-bit DMA # for SB DSP 4.x chip (5,6,7)
1533 This module supports multiple cards, autoprobe and ISA PnP.
1535 Note: To use Vibra16X cards in 16-bit half duplex mode, you must
1536 disable 16bit DMA with dma16 = -1 module parameter.
1537 Also, all Sound Blaster 16 type cards can operate in 16-bit
1538 half duplex mode through 8-bit DMA channel by disabling their
1539 16-bit DMA channel.
1541 The power-management is supported.
1543 Module snd-sc6000
1544 -----------------
1546 Module for Gallant SC-6000 soundcard.
1548 port - Port # (0x220 or 0x240)
1549 mss_port - MSS Port # (0x530 or 0xe80)
1550 irq - IRQ # (5,7,9,10,11)
1551 mpu_irq - MPU-401 IRQ # (5,7,9,10) ,0 - no MPU-401 irq
1552 dma - DMA # (1,3,0)
1554 This module supports multiple cards.
1556 This card is also known as Audio Excel DSP 16 or Zoltrix AV302.
1558 Module snd-sgalaxy
1559 ------------------
1561 Module for Aztech Sound Galaxy sound card.
1563 sbport - Port # for SB16 interface (0x220,0x240)
1564 wssport - Port # for WSS interface (0x530,0xe80,0xf40,0x604)
1565 irq - IRQ # (7,9,10,11)
1566 dma1 - DMA #
1568 This module supports multiple cards.
1570 The power-management is supported.
1572 Module snd-sscape
1573 -----------------
1575 Module for ENSONIQ SoundScape PnP cards.
1577 port - Port # (PnP setup)
1578 wss_port - WSS Port # (PnP setup)
1579 irq - IRQ # (PnP setup)
1580 mpu_irq - MPU-401 IRQ # (PnP setup)
1581 dma - DMA # (PnP setup)
1582 dma2 - 2nd DMA # (PnP setup, -1 to disable)
1584 This module supports multiple cards. ISA PnP must be enabled.
1585 You need sscape_ctl tool in alsa-tools package for loading
1586 the microcode.
1588 Module snd-sun-amd7930 (on sparc only)
1589 --------------------------------------
1591 Module for AMD7930 sound chips found on Sparcs.
1593 This module supports multiple cards.
1595 Module snd-sun-cs4231 (on sparc only)
1596 -------------------------------------
1598 Module for CS4231 sound chips found on Sparcs.
1600 This module supports multiple cards.
1602 Module snd-sun-dbri (on sparc only)
1603 -----------------------------------
1605 Module for DBRI sound chips found on Sparcs.
1607 This module supports multiple cards.
1609 Module snd-wavefront
1610 --------------------
1612 Module for Turtle Beach Maui, Tropez and Tropez+ sound cards.
1614 use_cs4232_midi - Use CS4232 MPU-401 interface
1615 (inaccessibly located inside your computer)
1616 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1618 with isapnp=0, the following options are available:
1620 cs4232_pcm_port - Port # for CS4232 PCM interface.
1621 cs4232_pcm_irq - IRQ # for CS4232 PCM interface (5,7,9,11,12,15).
1622 cs4232_mpu_port - Port # for CS4232 MPU-401 interface.
1623 cs4232_mpu_irq - IRQ # for CS4232 MPU-401 interface (9,11,12,15).
1624 ics2115_port - Port # for ICS2115
1625 ics2115_irq - IRQ # for ICS2115
1626 fm_port - FM OPL-3 Port #
1627 dma1 - DMA1 # for CS4232 PCM interface.
1628 dma2 - DMA2 # for CS4232 PCM interface.
1630 The below are options for wavefront_synth features:
1631 wf_raw - Assume that we need to boot the OS (default:no)
1632 If yes, then during driver loading, the state of the board is
1633 ignored, and we reset the board and load the firmware anyway.
1634 fx_raw - Assume that the FX process needs help (default:yes)
1635 If false, we'll leave the FX processor in whatever state it is
1636 when the driver is loaded. The default is to download the
1637 microprogram and associated coefficients to set it up for
1638 "default" operation, whatever that means.
1639 debug_default - Debug parameters for card initialization
1640 wait_usecs - How long to wait without sleeping, usecs
1641 (default:150)
1642 This magic number seems to give pretty optimal throughput
1643 based on my limited experimentation.
1644 If you want to play around with it and find a better value, be
1645 my guest. Remember, the idea is to get a number that causes us
1646 to just busy wait for as many WaveFront commands as possible,
1647 without coming up with a number so large that we hog the whole
1648 CPU.
1649 Specifically, with this number, out of about 134,000 status
1650 waits, only about 250 result in a sleep.
1651 sleep_interval - How long to sleep when waiting for reply
1652 (default: 100)
1653 sleep_tries - How many times to try sleeping during a wait
1654 (default: 50)
1655 ospath - Pathname to processed ICS2115 OS firmware
1656 (default:wavefront.os)
1657 The path name of the ISC2115 OS firmware. In the recent
1658 version, it's handled via firmware loader framework, so it
1659 must be installed in the proper path, typically,
1660 /lib/firmware.
1661 reset_time - How long to wait for a reset to take effect
1662 (default:2)
1663 ramcheck_time - How many seconds to wait for the RAM test
1664 (default:20)
1665 osrun_time - How many seconds to wait for the ICS2115 OS
1666 (default:10)
1668 This module supports multiple cards and ISA PnP.
1670 Note: the firmware file "wavefront.os" was located in the earlier
1671 version in /etc. Now it's loaded via firmware loader, and
1672 must be in the proper firmware path, such as /lib/firmware.
1673 Copy (or symlink) the file appropriately if you get an error
1674 regarding firmware downloading after upgrading the kernel.
1676 Module snd-sonicvibes
1677 ---------------------
1679 Module for S3 SonicVibes PCI sound cards.
1680 * PINE Schubert 32 PCI
1682 reverb - Reverb Enable - 1 = enable, 0 = disable (default)
1683 - SoundCard must have onboard SRAM for this.
1684 mge - Mic Gain Enable - 1 = enable, 0 = disable (default)
1686 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
1688 Module snd-serial-u16550
1689 ------------------------
1691 Module for UART16550A serial MIDI ports.
1693 port - port # for UART16550A chip
1694 irq - IRQ # for UART16550A chip, -1 = poll mode
1695 speed - speed in bauds (9600,19200,38400,57600,115200)
1696 38400 = default
1697 base - base for divisor in bauds (57600,115200,230400,460800)
1698 115200 = default
1699 outs - number of MIDI ports in a serial port (1-4)
1700 1 = default
1701 adaptor - Type of adaptor.
1702 0 = Soundcanvas, 1 = MS-124T, 2 = MS-124W S/A,
1703 3 = MS-124W M/B, 4 = Generic
1705 This module supports multiple cards. This module does not support autoprobe
1706 thus the main port must be specified!!! Other options are optional.
1708 Module snd-trident
1709 ------------------
1711 Module for Trident 4DWave DX/NX sound cards.
1712 * Best Union Miss Melody 4DWave PCI
1713 * HIS 4DWave PCI
1714 * Warpspeed ONSpeed 4DWave PCI
1715 * AzTech PCI 64-Q3D
1716 * Addonics SV 750
1717 * CHIC True Sound 4Dwave
1718 * Shark Predator4D-PCI
1719 * Jaton SonicWave 4D
1720 * SiS SI7018 PCI Audio
1721 * Hoontech SoundTrack Digital 4DWave NX
1723 pcm_channels - max channels (voices) reserved for PCM
1724 wavetable_size - max wavetable size in kB (4-?kb)
1726 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
1728 The power-management is supported.
1730 Module snd-usb-audio
1731 --------------------
1733 Module for USB audio and USB MIDI devices.
1735 vid - Vendor ID for the device (optional)
1736 pid - Product ID for the device (optional)
1737 nrpacks - Max. number of packets per URB (default: 8)
1738 async_unlink - Use async unlink mode (default: yes)
1739 device_setup - Device specific magic number (optional)
1740 - Influence depends on the device
1741 - Default: 0x0000
1742 ignore_ctl_error - Ignore any USB-controller regarding mixer
1743 interface (default: no)
1745 This module supports multiple devices, autoprobe and hotplugging.
1747 NB: nrpacks parameter can be modified dynamically via sysfs.
1748 Don't put the value over 20. Changing via sysfs has no sanity
1749 check.
1750 NB: async_unlink=0 would cause Oops. It remains just for
1751 debugging purpose (if any).
1752 NB: ignore_ctl_error=1 may help when you get an error at accessing
1753 the mixer element such as URB error -22. This happens on some
1754 buggy USB device or the controller.
1756 Module snd-usb-caiaq
1757 --------------------
1759 Module for caiaq UB audio interfaces,
1760 * Native Instruments RigKontrol2
1761 * Native Instruments Kore Controller
1762 * Native Instruments Audio Kontrol 1
1763 * Native Instruments Audio 8 DJ
1765 This module supports multiple devices, autoprobe and hotplugging.
1767 Module snd-usb-usx2y
1768 --------------------
1770 Module for Tascam USB US-122, US-224 and US-428 devices.
1772 This module supports multiple devices, autoprobe and hotplugging.
1774 Note: you need to load the firmware via usx2yloader utility included
1775 in alsa-tools and alsa-firmware packages.
1777 Module snd-via82xx
1778 ------------------
1780 Module for AC'97 motherboards based on VIA 82C686A/686B, 8233,
1781 8233A, 8233C, 8235, 8237 (south) bridge.
1783 mpu_port - 0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330, otherwise obtain BIOS setup
1784 [VIA686A/686B only]
1785 joystick - Enable joystick (default off) [VIA686A/686B only]
1786 ac97_clock - AC'97 codec clock base (default 48000Hz)
1787 dxs_support - support DXS channels,
1788 0 = auto (default), 1 = enable, 2 = disable,
1789 3 = 48k only, 4 = no VRA, 5 = enable any sample
1790 rate and different sample rates on different
1791 channels
1792 [VIA8233/C, 8235, 8237 only]
1793 ac97_quirk - AC'97 workaround for strange hardware
1794 See "AC97 Quirk Option" section below.
1796 This module supports one chip and autoprobe.
1798 Note: on some SMP motherboards like MSI 694D the interrupts might
1799 not be generated properly. In such a case, please try to
1800 set the SMP (or MPS) version on BIOS to 1.1 instead of
1801 default value 1.4. Then the interrupt number will be
1802 assigned under 15. You might also upgrade your BIOS.
1804 Note: VIA8233/5/7 (not VIA8233A) can support DXS (direct sound)
1805 channels as the first PCM. On these channels, up to 4
1806 streams can be played at the same time, and the controller
1807 can perform sample rate conversion with separate rates for
1808 each channel.
1809 As default (dxs_support = 0), 48k fixed rate is chosen
1810 except for the known devices since the output is often
1811 noisy except for 48k on some mother boards due to the
1812 bug of BIOS.
1813 Please try once dxs_support=5 and if it works on other
1814 sample rates (e.g. 44.1kHz of mp3 playback), please let us
1815 know the PCI subsystem vendor/device id's (output of
1816 "lspci -nv").
1817 If dxs_support=5 does not work, try dxs_support=4; if it
1818 doesn't work too, try dxs_support=1. (dxs_support=1 is
1819 usually for old motherboards. The correct implemented
1820 board should work with 4 or 5.) If it still doesn't
1821 work and the default setting is ok, dxs_support=3 is the
1822 right choice. If the default setting doesn't work at all,
1823 try dxs_support=2 to disable the DXS channels.
1824 In any cases, please let us know the result and the
1825 subsystem vendor/device ids. See "Links and Addresses"
1826 below.
1828 Note: for the MPU401 on VIA823x, use snd-mpu401 driver
1829 additionally. The mpu_port option is for VIA686 chips only.
1831 The power-management is supported.
1833 Module snd-via82xx-modem
1834 ------------------------
1836 Module for VIA82xx AC97 modem
1838 ac97_clock - AC'97 codec clock base (default 48000Hz)
1840 This module supports one card and autoprobe.
1842 Note: The default index value of this module is -2, i.e. the first
1843 slot is excluded.
1845 The power-management is supported.
1847 Module snd-virmidi
1848 ------------------
1850 Module for virtual rawmidi devices.
1851 This module creates virtual rawmidi devices which communicate
1852 to the corresponding ALSA sequencer ports.
1854 midi_devs - MIDI devices # (1-4, default=4)
1856 This module supports multiple cards.
1858 Module snd-virtuoso
1859 -------------------
1861 Module for sound cards based on the Asus AV100/AV200 chips,
1862 i.e., Xonar D1, DX, D2, D2X, HDAV1.3 (Deluxe), and Essence STX.
1864 This module supports autoprobe and multiple cards.
1866 Module snd-vx222
1867 ----------------
1869 Module for Digigram VX-Pocket VX222, V222 v2 and Mic cards.
1871 mic - Enable Microphone on V222 Mic (NYI)
1872 ibl - Capture IBL size. (default = 0, minimum size)
1874 This module supports multiple cards.
1876 When the driver is compiled as a module and the hotplug firmware
1877 is supported, the firmware data is loaded via hotplug automatically.
1878 Install the necessary firmware files in alsa-firmware package.
1879 When no hotplug fw loader is available, you need to load the
1880 firmware via vxloader utility in alsa-tools package. To invoke
1881 vxloader automatically, add the following to /etc/modprobe.conf
1883 install snd-vx222 /sbin/modprobe --first-time -i snd-vx222 && /usr/bin/vxloader
1885 (for 2.2/2.4 kernels, add "post-install /usr/bin/vxloader" to
1886 /etc/modules.conf, instead.)
1887 IBL size defines the interrupts period for PCM. The smaller size
1888 gives smaller latency but leads to more CPU consumption, too.
1889 The size is usually aligned to 126. As default (=0), the smallest
1890 size is chosen. The possible IBL values can be found in
1891 /proc/asound/cardX/vx-status proc file.
1893 The power-management is supported.
1895 Module snd-vxpocket
1896 -------------------
1898 Module for Digigram VX-Pocket VX2 and 440 PCMCIA cards.
1900 ibl - Capture IBL size. (default = 0, minimum size)
1902 This module supports multiple cards. The module is compiled only when
1903 PCMCIA is supported on kernel.
1905 With the older 2.6.x kernel, to activate the driver via the card
1906 manager, you'll need to set up /etc/pcmcia/vxpocket.conf. See the
1907 sound/pcmcia/vx/vxpocket.c. 2.6.13 or later kernel requires no
1908 longer require a config file.
1910 When the driver is compiled as a module and the hotplug firmware
1911 is supported, the firmware data is loaded via hotplug automatically.
1912 Install the necessary firmware files in alsa-firmware package.
1913 When no hotplug fw loader is available, you need to load the
1914 firmware via vxloader utility in alsa-tools package.
1916 About capture IBL, see the description of snd-vx222 module.
1918 Note: snd-vxp440 driver is merged to snd-vxpocket driver since
1919 ALSA 1.0.10.
1921 The power-management is supported.
1923 Module snd-ymfpci
1924 -----------------
1926 Module for Yamaha PCI chips (YMF72x, YMF74x & YMF75x).
1928 mpu_port - 0x300,0x330,0x332,0x334, 0 (disable) by default,
1929 1 (auto-detect for YMF744/754 only)
1930 fm_port - 0x388,0x398,0x3a0,0x3a8, 0 (disable) by default
1931 1 (auto-detect for YMF744/754 only)
1932 joystick_port - 0x201,0x202,0x204,0x205, 0 (disable) by default,
1933 1 (auto-detect)
1934 rear_switch - enable shared rear/line-in switch (bool)
1936 This module supports autoprobe and multiple chips.
1938 The power-management is supported.
1940 Module snd-pdaudiocf
1941 --------------------
1943 Module for Sound Core PDAudioCF sound card.
1945 The power-management is supported.
1948 AC97 Quirk Option
1949 =================
1951 The ac97_quirk option is used to enable/override the workaround for
1952 specific devices on drivers for on-board AC'97 controllers like
1953 snd-intel8x0. Some hardware have swapped output pins between Master
1954 and Headphone, or Surround (thanks to confusion of AC'97
1955 specifications from version to version :-)
1957 The driver provides the auto-detection of known problematic devices,
1958 but some might be unknown or wrongly detected. In such a case, pass
1959 the proper value with this option.
1961 The following strings are accepted:
1962 - default Don't override the default setting
1963 - none Disable the quirk
1964 - hp_only Bind Master and Headphone controls as a single control
1965 - swap_hp Swap headphone and master controls
1966 - swap_surround Swap master and surround controls
1967 - ad_sharing For AD1985, turn on OMS bit and use headphone
1968 - alc_jack For ALC65x, turn on the jack sense mode
1969 - inv_eapd Inverted EAPD implementation
1970 - mute_led Bind EAPD bit for turning on/off mute LED
1972 For backward compatibility, the corresponding integer value -1, 0,
1973 ... are accepted, too.
1975 For example, if "Master" volume control has no effect on your device
1976 but only "Headphone" does, pass ac97_quirk=hp_only module option.
1979 Configuring Non-ISAPNP Cards
1980 ============================
1982 When the kernel is configured with ISA-PnP support, the modules
1983 supporting the isapnp cards will have module options "isapnp".
1984 If this option is set, *only* the ISA-PnP devices will be probed.
1985 For probing the non ISA-PnP cards, you have to pass "isapnp=0" option
1986 together with the proper i/o and irq configuration.
1988 When the kernel is configured without ISA-PnP support, isapnp option
1989 will be not built in.
1992 Module Autoloading Support
1993 ==========================
1995 The ALSA drivers can be loaded automatically on demand by defining
1996 module aliases. The string 'snd-card-%1' is requested for ALSA native
1997 devices where %i is sound card number from zero to seven.
1999 To auto-load an ALSA driver for OSS services, define the string
2000 'sound-slot-%i' where %i means the slot number for OSS, which
2001 corresponds to the card index of ALSA. Usually, define this
2002 as the same card module.
2004 An example configuration for a single emu10k1 card is like below:
2005 ----- /etc/modprobe.conf
2006 alias snd-card-0 snd-emu10k1
2007 alias sound-slot-0 snd-emu10k1
2008 ----- /etc/modprobe.conf
2010 The available number of auto-loaded sound cards depends on the module
2011 option "cards_limit" of snd module. As default it's set to 1.
2012 To enable the auto-loading of multiple cards, specify the number of
2013 sound cards in that option.
2015 When multiple cards are available, it'd better to specify the index
2016 number for each card via module option, too, so that the order of
2017 cards is kept consistent.
2019 An example configuration for two sound cards is like below:
2021 ----- /etc/modprobe.conf
2022 # ALSA portion
2023 options snd cards_limit=2
2024 alias snd-card-0 snd-interwave
2025 alias snd-card-1 snd-ens1371
2026 options snd-interwave index=0
2027 options snd-ens1371 index=1
2028 # OSS/Free portion
2029 alias sound-slot-0 snd-interwave
2030 alias sound-slot-1 snd-ens1371
2031 ----- /etc/modprobe.conf
2033 In this example, the interwave card is always loaded as the first card
2034 (index 0) and ens1371 as the second (index 1).
2036 Alternative (and new) way to fixate the slot assignment is to use
2037 "slots" option of snd module. In the case above, specify like the
2038 following:
2040 options snd slots=snd-interwave,snd-ens1371
2042 Then, the first slot (#0) is reserved for snd-interwave driver, and
2043 the second (#1) for snd-ens1371. You can omit index option in each
2044 driver if slots option is used (although you can still have them at
2045 the same time as long as they don't conflict).
2047 The slots option is especially useful for avoiding the possible
2048 hot-plugging and the resultant slot conflict. For example, in the
2049 case above again, the first two slots are already reserved. If any
2050 other driver (e.g. snd-usb-audio) is loaded before snd-interwave or
2051 snd-ens1371, it will be assigned to the third or later slot.
2053 When a module name is given with '!', the slot will be given for any
2054 modules but that name. For example, "slots=!snd-pcsp" will reserve
2055 the first slot for any modules but snd-pcsp.
2058 ALSA PCM devices to OSS devices mapping
2059 =======================================
2061 /dev/snd/pcmC0D0[c|p] -> /dev/audio0 (/dev/audio) -> minor 4
2062 /dev/snd/pcmC0D0[c|p] -> /dev/dsp0 (/dev/dsp) -> minor 3
2063 /dev/snd/pcmC0D1[c|p] -> /dev/adsp0 (/dev/adsp) -> minor 12
2064 /dev/snd/pcmC1D0[c|p] -> /dev/audio1 -> minor 4+16 = 20
2065 /dev/snd/pcmC1D0[c|p] -> /dev/dsp1 -> minor 3+16 = 19
2066 /dev/snd/pcmC1D1[c|p] -> /dev/adsp1 -> minor 12+16 = 28
2067 /dev/snd/pcmC2D0[c|p] -> /dev/audio2 -> minor 4+32 = 36
2068 /dev/snd/pcmC2D0[c|p] -> /dev/dsp2 -> minor 3+32 = 39
2069 /dev/snd/pcmC2D1[c|p] -> /dev/adsp2 -> minor 12+32 = 44
2071 The first number from /dev/snd/pcmC{X}D{Y}[c|p] expression means
2072 sound card number and second means device number. The ALSA devices
2073 have either 'c' or 'p' suffix indicating the direction, capture and
2074 playback, respectively.
2076 Please note that the device mapping above may be varied via the module
2077 options of snd-pcm-oss module.
2080 Proc interfaces (/proc/asound)
2081 ==============================
2083 /proc/asound/card#/pcm#[cp]/oss
2084 -------------------------------
2085 String "erase" - erase all additional informations about OSS applications
2086 String "<app_name> <fragments> <fragment_size> [<options>]"
2088 <app_name> - name of application with (higher priority) or without path
2089 <fragments> - number of fragments or zero if auto
2090 <fragment_size> - size of fragment in bytes or zero if auto
2091 <options> - optional parameters
2092 - disable the application tries to open a pcm device for
2093 this channel but does not want to use it.
2094 (Cause a bug or mmap needs)
2095 It's good for Quake etc...
2096 - direct don't use plugins
2097 - block force block mode (rvplayer)
2098 - non-block force non-block mode
2099 - whole-frag write only whole fragments (optimization affecting
2100 playback only)
2101 - no-silence do not fill silence ahead to avoid clicks
2102 - buggy-ptr Returns the whitespace blocks in GETOPTR ioctl
2103 instead of filled blocks
2105 Example: echo "x11amp 128 16384" > /proc/asound/card0/pcm0p/oss
2106 echo "squake 0 0 disable" > /proc/asound/card0/pcm0c/oss
2107 echo "rvplayer 0 0 block" > /proc/asound/card0/pcm0p/oss
2110 Early Buffer Allocation
2111 =======================
2113 Some drivers (e.g. hdsp) require the large contiguous buffers, and
2114 sometimes it's too late to find such spaces when the driver module is
2115 actually loaded due to memory fragmentation. You can pre-allocate the
2116 PCM buffers by loading snd-page-alloc module and write commands to its
2117 proc file in prior, for example, in the early boot stage like
2118 /etc/init.d/*.local scripts.
2120 Reading the proc file /proc/drivers/snd-page-alloc shows the current
2121 usage of page allocation. In writing, you can send the following
2122 commands to the snd-page-alloc driver:
2124 - add VENDOR DEVICE MASK SIZE BUFFERS
2126 VENDOR and DEVICE are PCI vendor and device IDs. They take
2127 integer numbers (0x prefix is needed for the hex).
2128 MASK is the PCI DMA mask. Pass 0 if not restricted.
2129 SIZE is the size of each buffer to allocate. You can pass
2130 k and m suffix for KB and MB. The max number is 16MB.
2131 BUFFERS is the number of buffers to allocate. It must be greater
2132 than 0. The max number is 4.
2134 - erase
2136 This will erase the all pre-allocated buffers which are not in
2137 use.
2140 Links and Addresses
2141 ===================
2143 ALSA project homepage
2144 http://www.alsa-project.org
2146 Kernel Bugzilla
2147 http://bugzilla.kernel.org/
2149 ALSA Developers ML
2150 mailto:alsa-devel@alsa-project.org
2152 alsa-info.sh script
2153 http://www.alsa-project.org/alsa-info.sh