1 AMD64 specific boot options
3 There are many others (usually documented in driver documentation), but
4 only the AMD64 specific ones are listed here.
8 mce=off disable machine check
10 nomce (for compatibility with i386): same as mce=off
12 Everything else is in sysfs now.
16 apic Use IO-APIC. Default
18 noapic Don't use the IO-APIC.
20 disableapic Don't use the local APIC
22 nolapic Don't use the local APIC (alias for i386 compatibility)
24 pirq=... See Documentation/i386/IO-APIC.txt
26 noapictimer Don't set up the APIC timer
28 no_timer_check Don't check the IO-APIC timer. This can work around
29 problems with incorrect timer initialization on some boards.
33 syntax: earlyprintk=vga
34 earlyprintk=serial[,ttySn[,baudrate]]
36 The early console is useful when the kernel crashes before the
37 normal console is initialized. It is not enabled by
38 default because it has some cosmetic problems.
39 Append ,keep to not disable it when the real console takes over.
40 Only vga or serial at a time, not both.
41 Currently only ttyS0 and ttyS1 are supported.
42 Interaction with the standard serial driver is not very good.
43 The VGA output is eventually overwritten by the real console.
48 Don't use the CPU time stamp counter to read the wall time.
49 This can be used to work around timing problems on multiprocessor systems
50 with not properly synchronized CPUs. Only useful with a SMP kernel
53 Report when timer interrupts are lost because some code turned off
54 interrupts for too long.
56 nmi_watchdog=NUMBER[,panic]
58 0 don't use an NMI watchdog
59 1 use the IO-APIC timer for the NMI watchdog
60 2 use the local APIC for the NMI watchdog using a performance counter. Note
61 This will use one performance counter and the local APIC's performance
63 When panic is specified panic when an NMI watchdog timeout occurs.
64 This is useful when you use a panic=... timeout and need the box
68 Don't use the HPET timer.
73 Don't do power saving in the idle loop using HLT, but poll for rescheduling
74 event. This will make the CPUs eat a lot more power, but may be useful
75 to get slightly better performance in multiprocessor benchmarks. It also
76 makes some profiling using performance counters more accurate.
80 reboot=b[ios] | t[riple] | k[bd] [, [w]arm | [c]old]
81 bios Use the CPU reboto vector for warm reset
82 warm Don't set the cold reboot flag
83 cold Set the cold reboot flag
84 triple Force a triple fault (init)
85 kbd Use the keyboard controller. cold reset (default)
87 Using warm reset will be much faster especially on big memory
88 systems because the BIOS will not go through the memory check.
89 Disadvantage is that not all hardware will be completely reinitialized
90 on reboot so there may be boot problems on some systems.
94 Don't stop other CPUs on reboot. This can make reboot more reliable
97 Non Executable Mappings
106 nosmp Only use a single CPU
108 maxcpus=NUMBER only use upto NUMBER CPUs
110 cpumask=MASK only use cpus with bits set in mask
114 numa=off Only set up a single NUMA node spanning all memory.
116 numa=noacpi Don't parse the SRAT table for NUMA setup
118 numa=fake=X Fake X nodes and ignore NUMA setup of the actual machine.
122 acpi=off Don't enable ACPI
123 acpi=ht Use ACPI boot table parsing, but don't enable ACPI
125 acpi=force Force ACPI on (currently not needed)
127 acpi=strict Disable out of spec ACPI workarounds.
129 acpi_sci={edge,level,high,low} Set up ACPI SCI interrupt.
131 acpi=noirq Don't route interrupts
135 pci=off Don't use PCI
136 pci=conf1 Use conf1 access.
137 pci=conf2 Use conf2 access.
139 pci=assign-busses Assign busses
140 pci=irqmask=MASK Set PCI interrupt mask to MASK
141 pci=lastbus=NUMBER Scan upto NUMBER busses, no matter what the mptable says.
142 pci=noacpi Don't use ACPI to set up PCI interrupt routing.
146 iommu=[size][,noagp][,off][,force][,noforce][,leak][,memaper[=order]][,merge]
147 [,forcesac][,fullflush][,nomerge][,noaperture]
148 size set size of iommu (in bytes)
149 noagp don't initialize the AGP driver and use full aperture.
150 off don't use the IOMMU
151 leak turn on simple iommu leak tracing (only when CONFIG_IOMMU_LEAK is on)
152 memaper[=order] allocate an own aperture over RAM with size 32MB^order.
153 noforce don't force IOMMU usage. Default.
155 merge Do SG merging. Implies force (experimental)
156 nomerge Don't do SG merging.
157 forcesac For SAC mode for masks <40bits (experimental)
158 fullflush Flush IOMMU on each allocation (default)
159 nofullflush Don't use IOMMU fullflush
160 allowed overwrite iommu off workarounds for specific chipsets.
161 soft Use software bounce buffering (default for Intel machines)
162 noaperture Don't touch the aperture for AGP.
164 swiotlb=pages[,force]
166 pages Prereserve that many 128K pages for the software IO bounce buffering.
167 force Force all IO through the software TLB.
171 oops=panic Always panic on oopses. Default is to just kill the process,
172 but there is a small probability of deadlocking the machine.
173 This will also cause panics on machine check exceptions.
174 Useful together with panic=30 to trigger a reboot.
176 kstack=N Print that many words from the kernel stack in oops dumps.
180 noreplacement Don't replace instructions with more appropiate ones
181 for the CPU. This may be useful on asymmetric MP systems
182 where some CPU have less capabilities than the others.