5 bool "IP: multicasting"
7 This is code for addressing several networked computers at once,
8 enlarging your kernel by about 2 KB. You need multicasting if you
9 intend to participate in the MBONE, a high bandwidth network on top
10 of the Internet which carries audio and video broadcasts. More
11 information about the MBONE is on the WWW at
12 <http://www.savetz.com/mbone/>. Information about the multicast
13 capabilities of the various network cards is contained in
14 <file:Documentation/networking/multicast.txt>. For most people, it's
17 config IP_ADVANCED_ROUTER
18 bool "IP: advanced router"
20 If you intend to run your Linux box mostly as a router, i.e. as a
21 computer that forwards and redistributes network packets, say Y; you
22 will then be presented with several options that allow more precise
23 control about the routing process.
25 The answer to this question won't directly affect the kernel:
26 answering N will just cause the configurator to skip all the
27 questions about advanced routing.
29 Note that your box can only act as a router if you enable IP
30 forwarding in your kernel; you can do that by saying Y to "/proc
31 file system support" and "Sysctl support" below and executing the
34 echo "1" > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward
36 at boot time after the /proc file system has been mounted.
38 If you turn on IP forwarding, you will also get the rp_filter, which
39 automatically rejects incoming packets if the routing table entry
40 for their source address doesn't match the network interface they're
41 arriving on. This has security advantages because it prevents the
42 so-called IP spoofing, however it can pose problems if you use
43 asymmetric routing (packets from you to a host take a different path
44 than packets from that host to you) or if you operate a non-routing
45 host which has several IP addresses on different interfaces. To turn
48 echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/<device>/rp_filter
50 echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/rp_filter
52 If unsure, say N here.
55 prompt "Choose IP: FIB lookup algorithm (choose FIB_HASH if unsure)"
56 depends on IP_ADVANCED_ROUTER
57 default ASK_IP_FIB_HASH
59 config ASK_IP_FIB_HASH
62 Current FIB is very proven and good enough for most users.
67 Use new experimental LC-trie as FIB lookup algorithm.
68 This improves lookup performance if you have a large
71 LC-trie is a longest matching prefix lookup algorithm which
72 performs better than FIB_HASH for large routing tables.
73 But, it consumes more memory and is more complex.
75 LC-trie is described in:
77 IP-address lookup using LC-tries. Stefan Nilsson and Gunnar Karlsson
78 IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, 17(6):1083-1092, June 1999
79 An experimental study of compression methods for dynamic tries
80 Stefan Nilsson and Matti Tikkanen. Algorithmica, 33(1):19-33, 2002.
81 http://www.nada.kth.se/~snilsson/public/papers/dyntrie2/
86 def_bool ASK_IP_FIB_HASH || !IP_ADVANCED_ROUTER
88 config IP_MULTIPLE_TABLES
89 bool "IP: policy routing"
90 depends on IP_ADVANCED_ROUTER
93 Normally, a router decides what to do with a received packet based
94 solely on the packet's final destination address. If you say Y here,
95 the Linux router will also be able to take the packet's source
96 address into account. Furthermore, the TOS (Type-Of-Service) field
97 of the packet can be used for routing decisions as well.
99 If you are interested in this, please see the preliminary
100 documentation at <http://www.compendium.com.ar/policy-routing.txt>
101 and <ftp://post.tepkom.ru/pub/vol2/Linux/docs/advanced-routing.tex>.
102 You will need supporting software from
103 <ftp://ftp.tux.org/pub/net/ip-routing/>.
107 config IP_ROUTE_MULTIPATH
108 bool "IP: equal cost multipath"
109 depends on IP_ADVANCED_ROUTER
111 Normally, the routing tables specify a single action to be taken in
112 a deterministic manner for a given packet. If you say Y here
113 however, it becomes possible to attach several actions to a packet
114 pattern, in effect specifying several alternative paths to travel
115 for those packets. The router considers all these paths to be of
116 equal "cost" and chooses one of them in a non-deterministic fashion
117 if a matching packet arrives.
119 config IP_ROUTE_VERBOSE
120 bool "IP: verbose route monitoring"
121 depends on IP_ADVANCED_ROUTER
123 If you say Y here, which is recommended, then the kernel will print
124 verbose messages regarding the routing, for example warnings about
125 received packets which look strange and could be evidence of an
126 attack or a misconfigured system somewhere. The information is
127 handled by the klogd daemon which is responsible for kernel messages
131 bool "IP: kernel level autoconfiguration"
133 This enables automatic configuration of IP addresses of devices and
134 of the routing table during kernel boot, based on either information
135 supplied on the kernel command line or by BOOTP or RARP protocols.
136 You need to say Y only for diskless machines requiring network
137 access to boot (in which case you want to say Y to "Root file system
138 on NFS" as well), because all other machines configure the network
139 in their startup scripts.
142 bool "IP: DHCP support"
145 If you want your Linux box to mount its whole root file system (the
146 one containing the directory /) from some other computer over the
147 net via NFS and you want the IP address of your computer to be
148 discovered automatically at boot time using the DHCP protocol (a
149 special protocol designed for doing this job), say Y here. In case
150 the boot ROM of your network card was designed for booting Linux and
151 does DHCP itself, providing all necessary information on the kernel
152 command line, you can say N here.
154 If unsure, say Y. Note that if you want to use DHCP, a DHCP server
155 must be operating on your network. Read
156 <file:Documentation/nfsroot.txt> for details.
159 bool "IP: BOOTP support"
162 If you want your Linux box to mount its whole root file system (the
163 one containing the directory /) from some other computer over the
164 net via NFS and you want the IP address of your computer to be
165 discovered automatically at boot time using the BOOTP protocol (a
166 special protocol designed for doing this job), say Y here. In case
167 the boot ROM of your network card was designed for booting Linux and
168 does BOOTP itself, providing all necessary information on the kernel
169 command line, you can say N here. If unsure, say Y. Note that if you
170 want to use BOOTP, a BOOTP server must be operating on your network.
171 Read <file:Documentation/nfsroot.txt> for details.
174 bool "IP: RARP support"
177 If you want your Linux box to mount its whole root file system (the
178 one containing the directory /) from some other computer over the
179 net via NFS and you want the IP address of your computer to be
180 discovered automatically at boot time using the RARP protocol (an
181 older protocol which is being obsoleted by BOOTP and DHCP), say Y
182 here. Note that if you want to use RARP, a RARP server must be
183 operating on your network. Read <file:Documentation/nfsroot.txt> for
187 # bool ' IP: ARP support' CONFIG_IP_PNP_ARP
189 tristate "IP: tunneling"
192 Tunneling means encapsulating data of one protocol type within
193 another protocol and sending it over a channel that understands the
194 encapsulating protocol. This particular tunneling driver implements
195 encapsulation of IP within IP, which sounds kind of pointless, but
196 can be useful if you want to make your (or some other) machine
197 appear on a different network than it physically is, or to use
198 mobile-IP facilities (allowing laptops to seamlessly move between
199 networks without changing their IP addresses).
201 Saying Y to this option will produce two modules ( = code which can
202 be inserted in and removed from the running kernel whenever you
203 want). Most people won't need this and can say N.
206 tristate "IP: GRE tunnels over IP"
208 Tunneling means encapsulating data of one protocol type within
209 another protocol and sending it over a channel that understands the
210 encapsulating protocol. This particular tunneling driver implements
211 GRE (Generic Routing Encapsulation) and at this time allows
212 encapsulating of IPv4 or IPv6 over existing IPv4 infrastructure.
213 This driver is useful if the other endpoint is a Cisco router: Cisco
214 likes GRE much better than the other Linux tunneling driver ("IP
215 tunneling" above). In addition, GRE allows multicast redistribution
218 config NET_IPGRE_BROADCAST
219 bool "IP: broadcast GRE over IP"
220 depends on IP_MULTICAST && NET_IPGRE
222 One application of GRE/IP is to construct a broadcast WAN (Wide Area
223 Network), which looks like a normal Ethernet LAN (Local Area
224 Network), but can be distributed all over the Internet. If you want
225 to do that, say Y here and to "IP multicast routing" below.
228 bool "IP: multicast routing"
229 depends on IP_MULTICAST
231 This is used if you want your machine to act as a router for IP
232 packets that have several destination addresses. It is needed on the
233 MBONE, a high bandwidth network on top of the Internet which carries
234 audio and video broadcasts. In order to do that, you would most
235 likely run the program mrouted. Information about the multicast
236 capabilities of the various network cards is contained in
237 <file:Documentation/networking/multicast.txt>. If you haven't heard
238 about it, you don't need it.
241 bool "IP: PIM-SM version 1 support"
244 Kernel side support for Sparse Mode PIM (Protocol Independent
245 Multicast) version 1. This multicast routing protocol is used widely
246 because Cisco supports it. You need special software to use it
247 (pimd-v1). Please see <http://netweb.usc.edu/pim/> for more
248 information about PIM.
250 Say Y if you want to use PIM-SM v1. Note that you can say N here if
251 you just want to use Dense Mode PIM.
254 bool "IP: PIM-SM version 2 support"
257 Kernel side support for Sparse Mode PIM version 2. In order to use
258 this, you need an experimental routing daemon supporting it (pimd or
259 gated-5). This routing protocol is not used widely, so say N unless
260 you want to play with it.
263 bool "IP: ARP daemon support (EXPERIMENTAL)"
264 depends on EXPERIMENTAL
266 Normally, the kernel maintains an internal cache which maps IP
267 addresses to hardware addresses on the local network, so that
268 Ethernet/Token Ring/ etc. frames are sent to the proper address on
269 the physical networking layer. For small networks having a few
270 hundred directly connected hosts or less, keeping this address
271 resolution (ARP) cache inside the kernel works well. However,
272 maintaining an internal ARP cache does not work well for very large
273 switched networks, and will use a lot of kernel memory if TCP/IP
274 connections are made to many machines on the network.
276 If you say Y here, the kernel's internal ARP cache will never grow
277 to more than 256 entries (the oldest entries are expired in a LIFO
278 manner) and communication will be attempted with the user space ARP
279 daemon arpd. Arpd then answers the address resolution request either
280 from its own cache or by asking the net.
282 This code is experimental and also obsolete. If you want to use it,
283 you need to find a version of the daemon arpd on the net somewhere,
284 and you should also say Y to "Kernel/User network link driver",
285 below. If unsure, say N.
288 bool "IP: TCP syncookie support (disabled per default)"
290 Normal TCP/IP networking is open to an attack known as "SYN
291 flooding". This denial-of-service attack prevents legitimate remote
292 users from being able to connect to your computer during an ongoing
293 attack and requires very little work from the attacker, who can
294 operate from anywhere on the Internet.
296 SYN cookies provide protection against this type of attack. If you
297 say Y here, the TCP/IP stack will use a cryptographic challenge
298 protocol known as "SYN cookies" to enable legitimate users to
299 continue to connect, even when your machine is under attack. There
300 is no need for the legitimate users to change their TCP/IP software;
301 SYN cookies work transparently to them. For technical information
302 about SYN cookies, check out <http://cr.yp.to/syncookies.html>.
304 If you are SYN flooded, the source address reported by the kernel is
305 likely to have been forged by the attacker; it is only reported as
306 an aid in tracing the packets to their actual source and should not
307 be taken as absolute truth.
309 SYN cookies may prevent correct error reporting on clients when the
310 server is really overloaded. If this happens frequently better turn
313 If you say Y here, note that SYN cookies aren't enabled by default;
314 you can enable them by saying Y to "/proc file system support" and
315 "Sysctl support" below and executing the command
317 echo 1 >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/tcp_syncookies
319 at boot time after the /proc file system has been mounted.
324 tristate "IP: AH transformation"
331 Support for IPsec AH.
336 tristate "IP: ESP transformation"
345 Support for IPsec ESP.
350 tristate "IP: IPComp transformation"
352 select INET_XFRM_TUNNEL
354 select CRYPTO_DEFLATE
356 Support for IP Payload Compression Protocol (IPComp) (RFC3173),
357 typically needed for IPsec.
361 config INET_XFRM_TUNNEL
370 config INET_XFRM_MODE_TRANSPORT
371 tristate "IP: IPsec transport mode"
375 Support for IPsec transport mode.
379 config INET_XFRM_MODE_TUNNEL
380 tristate "IP: IPsec tunnel mode"
384 Support for IPsec tunnel mode.
388 config INET_XFRM_MODE_BEET
389 tristate "IP: IPsec BEET mode"
393 Support for IPsec BEET mode.
398 tristate "Large Receive Offload (ipv4/tcp)"
401 Support for Large Receive Offload (ipv4/tcp).
406 tristate "INET: socket monitoring interface"
409 Support for INET (TCP, DCCP, etc) socket monitoring interface used by
410 native Linux tools such as ss. ss is included in iproute2, currently
411 downloadable at <http://linux-net.osdl.org/index.php/Iproute2>.
417 def_tristate INET_DIAG
419 menuconfig TCP_CONG_ADVANCED
420 bool "TCP: advanced congestion control"
422 Support for selection of various TCP congestion control
425 Nearly all users can safely say no here, and a safe default
426 selection will be made (CUBIC with new Reno as a fallback).
433 tristate "Binary Increase Congestion (BIC) control"
436 BIC-TCP is a sender-side only change that ensures a linear RTT
437 fairness under large windows while offering both scalability and
438 bounded TCP-friendliness. The protocol combines two schemes
439 called additive increase and binary search increase. When the
440 congestion window is large, additive increase with a large
441 increment ensures linear RTT fairness as well as good
442 scalability. Under small congestion windows, binary search
443 increase provides TCP friendliness.
444 See http://www.csc.ncsu.edu/faculty/rhee/export/bitcp/
446 config TCP_CONG_CUBIC
450 This is version 2.0 of BIC-TCP which uses a cubic growth function
451 among other techniques.
452 See http://www.csc.ncsu.edu/faculty/rhee/export/bitcp/cubic-paper.pdf
454 config TCP_CONG_WESTWOOD
455 tristate "TCP Westwood+"
458 TCP Westwood+ is a sender-side only modification of the TCP Reno
459 protocol stack that optimizes the performance of TCP congestion
460 control. It is based on end-to-end bandwidth estimation to set
461 congestion window and slow start threshold after a congestion
462 episode. Using this estimation, TCP Westwood+ adaptively sets a
463 slow start threshold and a congestion window which takes into
464 account the bandwidth used at the time congestion is experienced.
465 TCP Westwood+ significantly increases fairness wrt TCP Reno in
466 wired networks and throughput over wireless links.
472 H-TCP is a send-side only modifications of the TCP Reno
473 protocol stack that optimizes the performance of TCP
474 congestion control for high speed network links. It uses a
475 modeswitch to change the alpha and beta parameters of TCP Reno
476 based on network conditions and in a way so as to be fair with
477 other Reno and H-TCP flows.
479 config TCP_CONG_HSTCP
480 tristate "High Speed TCP"
481 depends on EXPERIMENTAL
484 Sally Floyd's High Speed TCP (RFC 3649) congestion control.
485 A modification to TCP's congestion control mechanism for use
486 with large congestion windows. A table indicates how much to
487 increase the congestion window by when an ACK is received.
488 For more detail see http://www.icir.org/floyd/hstcp.html
490 config TCP_CONG_HYBLA
491 tristate "TCP-Hybla congestion control algorithm"
492 depends on EXPERIMENTAL
495 TCP-Hybla is a sender-side only change that eliminates penalization of
496 long-RTT, large-bandwidth connections, like when satellite legs are
497 involved, especially when sharing a common bottleneck with normal
498 terrestrial connections.
500 config TCP_CONG_VEGAS
502 depends on EXPERIMENTAL
505 TCP Vegas is a sender-side only change to TCP that anticipates
506 the onset of congestion by estimating the bandwidth. TCP Vegas
507 adjusts the sending rate by modifying the congestion
508 window. TCP Vegas should provide less packet loss, but it is
509 not as aggressive as TCP Reno.
511 config TCP_CONG_SCALABLE
512 tristate "Scalable TCP"
513 depends on EXPERIMENTAL
516 Scalable TCP is a sender-side only change to TCP which uses a
517 MIMD congestion control algorithm which has some nice scaling
518 properties, though is known to have fairness issues.
519 See http://www.deneholme.net/tom/scalable/
522 tristate "TCP Low Priority"
523 depends on EXPERIMENTAL
526 TCP Low Priority (TCP-LP), a distributed algorithm whose goal is
527 to utilize only the excess network bandwidth as compared to the
528 ``fair share`` of bandwidth as targeted by TCP.
529 See http://www-ece.rice.edu/networks/TCP-LP/
533 depends on EXPERIMENTAL
536 TCP Veno is a sender-side only enhancement of TCP to obtain better
537 throughput over wireless networks. TCP Veno makes use of state
538 distinguishing to circumvent the difficult judgment of the packet loss
539 type. TCP Veno cuts down less congestion window in response to random
541 See http://www.ntu.edu.sg/home5/ZHOU0022/papers/CPFu03a.pdf
545 depends on EXPERIMENTAL
546 select TCP_CONG_VEGAS
549 YeAH-TCP is a sender-side high-speed enabled TCP congestion control
550 algorithm, which uses a mixed loss/delay approach to compute the
551 congestion window. It's design goals target high efficiency,
552 internal, RTT and Reno fairness, resilience to link loss while
553 keeping network elements load as low as possible.
555 For further details look here:
556 http://wil.cs.caltech.edu/pfldnet2007/paper/YeAH_TCP.pdf
558 config TCP_CONG_ILLINOIS
559 tristate "TCP Illinois"
560 depends on EXPERIMENTAL
563 TCP-Illinois is a sender-side modificatio of TCP Reno for
564 high speed long delay links. It uses round-trip-time to
565 adjust the alpha and beta parameters to achieve a higher average
566 throughput and maintain fairness.
568 For further details see:
569 http://www.ews.uiuc.edu/~shaoliu/tcpillinois/index.html
572 prompt "Default TCP congestion control"
573 default DEFAULT_CUBIC
575 Select the TCP congestion control that will be used by default
579 bool "Bic" if TCP_CONG_BIC=y
582 bool "Cubic" if TCP_CONG_CUBIC=y
585 bool "Htcp" if TCP_CONG_HTCP=y
588 bool "Vegas" if TCP_CONG_VEGAS=y
590 config DEFAULT_WESTWOOD
591 bool "Westwood" if TCP_CONG_WESTWOOD=y
600 config TCP_CONG_CUBIC
602 depends on !TCP_CONG_ADVANCED
605 config DEFAULT_TCP_CONG
607 default "bic" if DEFAULT_BIC
608 default "cubic" if DEFAULT_CUBIC
609 default "htcp" if DEFAULT_HTCP
610 default "vegas" if DEFAULT_VEGAS
611 default "westwood" if DEFAULT_WESTWOOD
612 default "reno" if DEFAULT_RENO
616 bool "TCP: MD5 Signature Option support (RFC2385) (EXPERIMENTAL)"
617 depends on EXPERIMENTAL
621 RFC2385 specifies a method of giving MD5 protection to TCP sessions.
622 Its main (only?) use is to protect BGP sessions between core routers
627 source "net/ipv4/ipvs/Kconfig"