5 This document describes how to use the dynamic debug (ddebug) feature.
7 Dynamic debug is designed to allow you to dynamically enable/disable kernel
8 code to obtain additional kernel information. Currently, if
9 CONFIG_DYNAMIC_DEBUG is set, then all pr_debug()/dev_debug() calls can be
10 dynamically enabled per-callsite.
12 Dynamic debug has even more useful features:
14 * Simple query language allows turning on and off debugging statements by
15 matching any combination of:
19 - line number (including ranges of line numbers)
23 * Provides a debugfs control file: <debugfs>/dynamic_debug/control which can be
24 read to display the complete list of known debug statements, to help guide you
26 Controlling dynamic debug Behaviour
27 ===================================
29 The behaviour of pr_debug()/dev_debug()s are controlled via writing to a
30 control file in the 'debugfs' filesystem. Thus, you must first mount the debugfs
31 filesystem, in order to make use of this feature. Subsequently, we refer to the
32 control file as: <debugfs>/dynamic_debug/control. For example, if you want to
33 enable printing from source file 'svcsock.c', line 1603 you simply do:
35 nullarbor:~ # echo 'file svcsock.c line 1603 +p' >
36 <debugfs>/dynamic_debug/control
38 If you make a mistake with the syntax, the write will fail thus:
40 nullarbor:~ # echo 'file svcsock.c wtf 1 +p' >
41 <debugfs>/dynamic_debug/control
42 -bash: echo: write error: Invalid argument
44 Viewing Dynamic Debug Behaviour
45 ===========================
47 You can view the currently configured behaviour of all the debug statements
50 nullarbor:~ # cat <debugfs>/dynamic_debug/control
51 # filename:lineno [module]function flags format
52 /usr/src/packages/BUILD/sgi-enhancednfs-1.4/default/net/sunrpc/svc_rdma.c:323 [svcxprt_rdma]svc_rdma_cleanup - "SVCRDMA Module Removed, deregister RPC RDMA transport\012"
53 /usr/src/packages/BUILD/sgi-enhancednfs-1.4/default/net/sunrpc/svc_rdma.c:341 [svcxprt_rdma]svc_rdma_init - "\011max_inline : %d\012"
54 /usr/src/packages/BUILD/sgi-enhancednfs-1.4/default/net/sunrpc/svc_rdma.c:340 [svcxprt_rdma]svc_rdma_init - "\011sq_depth : %d\012"
55 /usr/src/packages/BUILD/sgi-enhancednfs-1.4/default/net/sunrpc/svc_rdma.c:338 [svcxprt_rdma]svc_rdma_init - "\011max_requests : %d\012"
59 You can also apply standard Unix text manipulation filters to this
62 nullarbor:~ # grep -i rdma <debugfs>/dynamic_debug/control | wc -l
65 nullarbor:~ # grep -i tcp <debugfs>/dynamic_debug/control | wc -l
68 Note in particular that the third column shows the enabled behaviour
69 flags for each debug statement callsite (see below for definitions of the
70 flags). The default value, no extra behaviour enabled, is "-". So
71 you can view all the debug statement callsites with any non-default flags:
73 nullarbor:~ # awk '$3 != "-"' <debugfs>/dynamic_debug/control
74 # filename:lineno [module]function flags format
75 /usr/src/packages/BUILD/sgi-enhancednfs-1.4/default/net/sunrpc/svcsock.c:1603 [sunrpc]svc_send p "svc_process: st_sendto returned %d\012"
78 Command Language Reference
79 ==========================
81 At the lexical level, a command comprises a sequence of words separated
82 by whitespace characters. Note that newlines are treated as word
83 separators and do *not* end a command or allow multiple commands to
84 be done together. So these are all equivalent:
86 nullarbor:~ # echo -c 'file svcsock.c line 1603 +p' >
87 <debugfs>/dynamic_debug/control
88 nullarbor:~ # echo -c ' file svcsock.c line 1603 +p ' >
89 <debugfs>/dynamic_debug/control
90 nullarbor:~ # echo -c 'file svcsock.c\nline 1603 +p' >
91 <debugfs>/dynamic_debug/control
92 nullarbor:~ # echo -n 'file svcsock.c line 1603 +p' >
93 <debugfs>/dynamic_debug/control
95 Commands are bounded by a write() system call. If you want to do
96 multiple commands you need to do a separate "echo" for each, like:
98 nullarbor:~ # echo 'file svcsock.c line 1603 +p' > /proc/dprintk ;\
99 > echo 'file svcsock.c line 1563 +p' > /proc/dprintk
104 > echo 'file svcsock.c line 1603 +p' ;\
105 > echo 'file svcsock.c line 1563 +p' ;\
108 At the syntactical level, a command comprises a sequence of match
109 specifications, followed by a flags change specification.
111 command ::= match-spec* flags-spec
113 The match-spec's are used to choose a subset of the known dprintk()
114 callsites to which to apply the flags-spec. Think of them as a query
115 with implicit ANDs between each pair. Note that an empty list of
116 match-specs is possible, but is not very useful because it will not
117 match any debug statement callsites.
119 A match specification comprises a keyword, which controls the attribute
120 of the callsite to be compared, and a value to compare against. Possible
123 match-spec ::= 'func' string |
129 line-range ::= lineno |
133 // Note: line-range cannot contain space, e.g.
134 // "1-30" is valid range but "1 - 30" is not.
136 lineno ::= unsigned-int
138 The meanings of each keyword are:
141 The given string is compared against the function name
142 of each callsite. Example:
147 The given string is compared against either the full
148 pathname or the basename of the source file of each
152 file /usr/src/packages/BUILD/sgi-enhancednfs-1.4/default/net/sunrpc/svcsock.c
155 The given string is compared against the module name
156 of each callsite. The module name is the string as
157 seen in "lsmod", i.e. without the directory or the .ko
158 suffix and with '-' changed to '_'. Examples:
164 The given string is searched for in the dynamic debug format
165 string. Note that the string does not need to match the
166 entire format, only some part. Whitespace and other
167 special characters can be escaped using C octal character
168 escape \ooo notation, e.g. the space character is \040.
169 Alternatively, the string can be enclosed in double quote
170 characters (") or single quote characters (').
173 format svcrdma: // many of the NFS/RDMA server dprintks
174 format readahead // some dprintks in the readahead cache
175 format nfsd:\040SETATTR // one way to match a format with whitespace
176 format "nfsd: SETATTR" // a neater way to match a format with whitespace
177 format 'nfsd: SETATTR' // yet another way to match a format with whitespace
180 The given line number or range of line numbers is compared
181 against the line number of each dprintk() callsite. A single
182 line number matches the callsite line number exactly. A
183 range of line numbers matches any callsite between the first
184 and last line number inclusive. An empty first number means
185 the first line in the file, an empty line number means the
186 last number in the file. Examples:
188 line 1603 // exactly line 1603
189 line 1600-1605 // the six lines from line 1600 to line 1605
190 line -1605 // the 1605 lines from line 1 to line 1605
191 line 1600- // all lines from line 1600 to the end of the file
193 The flags specification comprises a change operation followed
194 by one or more flag characters. The change operation is one
198 remove the given flags
204 set the flags to the given flags
209 Include the function name in the printed message
211 Include line number in the printed message
213 Include module name in the printed message
215 Causes a printk() message to be emitted to dmesg
217 Include thread ID in messages not generated from interrupt context
219 Note the regexp ^[-+=][flmpt]+$ matches a flags specification.
220 Note also that there is no convenient syntax to remove all
221 the flags at once, you need to use "-flmpt".
224 Debug messages during boot process
225 ==================================
227 To be able to activate debug messages during the boot process,
228 even before userspace and debugfs exists, use the boot parameter:
231 QUERY follows the syntax described above, but must not exceed 1023
232 characters. The enablement of debug messages is done as an arch_initcall.
233 Thus you can enable debug messages in all code processed after this
234 arch_initcall via this boot parameter.
235 On an x86 system for example ACPI enablement is a subsys_initcall and
236 ddebug_query="file ec.c +p"
237 will show early Embedded Controller transactions during ACPI setup if
238 your machine (typically a laptop) has an Embedded Controller.
239 PCI (or other devices) initialization also is a hot candidate for using
240 this boot parameter for debugging purposes.
246 // enable the message at line 1603 of file svcsock.c
247 nullarbor:~ # echo -n 'file svcsock.c line 1603 +p' >
248 <debugfs>/dynamic_debug/control
250 // enable all the messages in file svcsock.c
251 nullarbor:~ # echo -n 'file svcsock.c +p' >
252 <debugfs>/dynamic_debug/control
254 // enable all the messages in the NFS server module
255 nullarbor:~ # echo -n 'module nfsd +p' >
256 <debugfs>/dynamic_debug/control
258 // enable all 12 messages in the function svc_process()
259 nullarbor:~ # echo -n 'func svc_process +p' >
260 <debugfs>/dynamic_debug/control
262 // disable all 12 messages in the function svc_process()
263 nullarbor:~ # echo -n 'func svc_process -p' >
264 <debugfs>/dynamic_debug/control
266 // enable messages for NFS calls READ, READLINK, READDIR and READDIR+.
267 nullarbor:~ # echo -n 'format "nfsd: READ" +p' >
268 <debugfs>/dynamic_debug/control