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[linux-2.6/linux-acpi-2.6/ibm-acpi-2.6.git] / security / seclvl.c
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1 /**
2 * BSD Secure Levels LSM
4 * Maintainers:
5 * Michael A. Halcrow <mike@halcrow.us>
6 * Serge Hallyn <hallyn@cs.wm.edu>
8 * Copyright (c) 2001 WireX Communications, Inc <chris@wirex.com>
9 * Copyright (c) 2001 Greg Kroah-Hartman <greg@kroah.com>
10 * Copyright (c) 2002 International Business Machines <robb@austin.ibm.com>
12 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
13 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
14 * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
15 * (at your option) any later version.
18 #include <linux/config.h>
19 #include <linux/module.h>
20 #include <linux/moduleparam.h>
21 #include <linux/kernel.h>
22 #include <linux/init.h>
23 #include <linux/security.h>
24 #include <linux/netlink.h>
25 #include <linux/fs.h>
26 #include <linux/namei.h>
27 #include <linux/mount.h>
28 #include <linux/capability.h>
29 #include <linux/time.h>
30 #include <linux/proc_fs.h>
31 #include <linux/kobject.h>
32 #include <linux/crypto.h>
33 #include <asm/scatterlist.h>
34 #include <linux/gfp.h>
35 #include <linux/sysfs.h>
37 #define SHA1_DIGEST_SIZE 20
39 /**
40 * Module parameter that defines the initial secure level.
42 * When built as a module, it defaults to seclvl 1, which is the
43 * behavior of BSD secure levels. Note that this default behavior
44 * wrecks havoc on a machine when the seclvl module is compiled into
45 * the kernel. In that case, we default to seclvl 0.
47 #ifdef CONFIG_SECURITY_SECLVL_MODULE
48 static int initlvl = 1;
49 #else
50 static int initlvl;
51 #endif
52 module_param(initlvl, int, 0);
53 MODULE_PARM_DESC(initlvl, "Initial secure level (defaults to 1)");
55 /* Module parameter that defines the verbosity level */
56 static int verbosity;
57 module_param(verbosity, int, 0);
58 MODULE_PARM_DESC(verbosity, "Initial verbosity level (0 or 1; defaults to "
59 "0, which is Quiet)");
61 /**
62 * Optional password which can be passed in to bring seclvl to 0
63 * (i.e., for halt/reboot). Defaults to NULL (the passwd attribute
64 * file will not be registered in sysfs).
66 * This gets converted to its SHA1 hash when stored. It's probably
67 * not a good idea to use this parameter when loading seclvl from a
68 * script; use sha1_passwd instead.
71 #define MAX_PASSWD_SIZE 32
72 static char passwd[MAX_PASSWD_SIZE];
73 module_param_string(passwd, passwd, sizeof(passwd), 0);
74 MODULE_PARM_DESC(passwd,
75 "Plaintext of password that sets seclvl=0 when written to "
76 "(sysfs mount point)/seclvl/passwd\n");
78 /**
79 * SHA1 hashed version of the optional password which can be passed in
80 * to bring seclvl to 0 (i.e., for halt/reboot). Must be in
81 * hexadecimal format (40 characters). Defaults to NULL (the passwd
82 * attribute file will not be registered in sysfs).
84 * Use the sha1sum utility to generate the SHA1 hash of a password:
86 * echo -n "secret" | sha1sum
88 #define MAX_SHA1_PASSWD 41
89 static char sha1_passwd[MAX_SHA1_PASSWD];
90 module_param_string(sha1_passwd, sha1_passwd, sizeof(sha1_passwd), 0);
91 MODULE_PARM_DESC(sha1_passwd,
92 "SHA1 hash (40 hexadecimal characters) of password that "
93 "sets seclvl=0 when plaintext password is written to "
94 "(sysfs mount point)/seclvl/passwd\n");
96 static int hideHash = 1;
97 module_param(hideHash, int, 0);
98 MODULE_PARM_DESC(hideHash, "When set to 0, reading seclvl/passwd from sysfs "
99 "will return the SHA1-hashed value of the password that "
100 "lowers the secure level to 0.\n");
102 #define MY_NAME "seclvl"
105 * This time-limits log writes to one per second.
107 #define seclvl_printk(verb, type, fmt, arg...) \
108 do { \
109 if (verbosity >= verb) { \
110 static unsigned long _prior; \
111 unsigned long _now = jiffies; \
112 if ((_now - _prior) > HZ) { \
113 printk(type "%s: %s: " fmt, \
114 MY_NAME, __FUNCTION__ , \
115 ## arg); \
116 _prior = _now; \
119 } while (0)
122 * The actual security level. Ranges between -1 and 2 inclusive.
124 static int seclvl;
127 * flag to keep track of how we were registered
129 static int secondary;
132 * Verifies that the requested secure level is valid, given the current
133 * secure level.
135 static int seclvl_sanity(int reqlvl)
137 if ((reqlvl < -1) || (reqlvl > 2)) {
138 seclvl_printk(1, KERN_WARNING, "Attempt to set seclvl out of "
139 "range: [%d]\n", reqlvl);
140 return -EINVAL;
142 if ((seclvl == 0) && (reqlvl == -1))
143 return 0;
144 if (reqlvl < seclvl) {
145 seclvl_printk(1, KERN_WARNING, "Attempt to lower seclvl to "
146 "[%d]\n", reqlvl);
147 return -EPERM;
149 return 0;
153 * security level advancement rules:
154 * Valid levels are -1 through 2, inclusive.
155 * From -1, stuck. [ in case compiled into kernel ]
156 * From 0 or above, can only increment.
158 static void do_seclvl_advance(void *data, u64 val)
160 int ret;
161 int newlvl = (int)val;
163 ret = seclvl_sanity(newlvl);
164 if (ret)
165 return;
167 if (newlvl > 2) {
168 seclvl_printk(1, KERN_WARNING, "Cannot advance to seclvl "
169 "[%d]\n", newlvl);
170 return;
172 if (seclvl == -1) {
173 seclvl_printk(1, KERN_WARNING, "Not allowed to advance to "
174 "seclvl [%d]\n", seclvl);
175 return;
177 seclvl = newlvl; /* would it be more "correct" to set *data? */
178 return;
181 static u64 seclvl_int_get(void *data)
183 return *(int *)data;
186 DEFINE_SIMPLE_ATTRIBUTE(seclvl_file_ops, seclvl_int_get, do_seclvl_advance, "%lld\n");
188 static unsigned char hashedPassword[SHA1_DIGEST_SIZE];
191 * Converts a block of plaintext of into its SHA1 hashed value.
193 * It would be nice if crypto had a wrapper to do this for us linear
194 * people...
196 static int
197 plaintext_to_sha1(unsigned char *hash, const char *plaintext, int len)
199 char *pgVirtAddr;
200 struct crypto_tfm *tfm;
201 struct scatterlist sg[1];
202 if (len > PAGE_SIZE) {
203 seclvl_printk(0, KERN_ERR, "Plaintext password too large (%d "
204 "characters). Largest possible is %lu "
205 "bytes.\n", len, PAGE_SIZE);
206 return -ENOMEM;
208 tfm = crypto_alloc_tfm("sha1", CRYPTO_TFM_REQ_MAY_SLEEP);
209 if (tfm == NULL) {
210 seclvl_printk(0, KERN_ERR,
211 "Failed to load transform for SHA1\n");
212 return -ENOSYS;
214 // Just get a new page; don't play around with page boundaries
215 // and scatterlists.
216 pgVirtAddr = (char *)__get_free_page(GFP_KERNEL);
217 sg[0].page = virt_to_page(pgVirtAddr);
218 sg[0].offset = 0;
219 sg[0].length = len;
220 strncpy(pgVirtAddr, plaintext, len);
221 crypto_digest_init(tfm);
222 crypto_digest_update(tfm, sg, 1);
223 crypto_digest_final(tfm, hash);
224 crypto_free_tfm(tfm);
225 free_page((unsigned long)pgVirtAddr);
226 return 0;
230 * Called whenever the user writes to the sysfs passwd handle to this kernel
231 * object. It hashes the password and compares the hashed results.
233 static ssize_t
234 passwd_write_file(struct file * file, const char __user * buf,
235 size_t count, loff_t *ppos)
237 int i;
238 unsigned char tmp[SHA1_DIGEST_SIZE];
239 char *page;
240 int rc;
241 int len;
243 if (!*passwd && !*sha1_passwd) {
244 seclvl_printk(0, KERN_ERR, "Attempt to password-unlock the "
245 "seclvl module, but neither a plain text "
246 "password nor a SHA1 hashed password was "
247 "passed in as a module parameter! This is a "
248 "bug, since it should not be possible to be in "
249 "this part of the module; please tell a "
250 "maintainer about this event.\n");
251 return -EINVAL;
254 if (count < 0 || count >= PAGE_SIZE)
255 return -EINVAL;
256 if (*ppos != 0)
257 return -EINVAL;
258 page = (char *)get_zeroed_page(GFP_KERNEL);
259 if (!page)
260 return -ENOMEM;
261 len = -EFAULT;
262 if (copy_from_user(page, buf, count))
263 goto out;
265 len = strlen(page);
266 /* ``echo "secret" > seclvl/passwd'' includes a newline */
267 if (page[len - 1] == '\n')
268 len--;
269 /* Hash the password, then compare the hashed values */
270 if ((rc = plaintext_to_sha1(tmp, page, len))) {
271 seclvl_printk(0, KERN_ERR, "Error hashing password: rc = "
272 "[%d]\n", rc);
273 return rc;
275 for (i = 0; i < SHA1_DIGEST_SIZE; i++) {
276 if (hashedPassword[i] != tmp[i])
277 return -EPERM;
279 seclvl_printk(0, KERN_INFO,
280 "Password accepted; seclvl reduced to 0.\n");
281 seclvl = 0;
282 len = count;
284 out:
285 free_page((unsigned long)page);
286 return len;
289 static struct file_operations passwd_file_ops = {
290 .write = passwd_write_file,
294 * Explicitely disallow ptrace'ing the init process.
296 static int seclvl_ptrace(struct task_struct *parent, struct task_struct *child)
298 if (seclvl >= 0) {
299 if (child->pid == 1) {
300 seclvl_printk(1, KERN_WARNING, "Attempt to ptrace "
301 "the init process dissallowed in "
302 "secure level %d\n", seclvl);
303 return -EPERM;
306 return 0;
310 * Capability checks for seclvl. The majority of the policy
311 * enforcement for seclvl takes place here.
313 static int seclvl_capable(struct task_struct *tsk, int cap)
315 /* init can do anything it wants */
316 if (tsk->pid == 1)
317 return 0;
319 switch (seclvl) {
320 case 2:
321 /* fall through */
322 case 1:
323 if (cap == CAP_LINUX_IMMUTABLE) {
324 seclvl_printk(1, KERN_WARNING, "Attempt to modify "
325 "the IMMUTABLE and/or APPEND extended "
326 "attribute on a file with the IMMUTABLE "
327 "and/or APPEND extended attribute set "
328 "denied in seclvl [%d]\n", seclvl);
329 return -EPERM;
330 } else if (cap == CAP_SYS_RAWIO) { // Somewhat broad...
331 seclvl_printk(1, KERN_WARNING, "Attempt to perform "
332 "raw I/O while in secure level [%d] "
333 "denied\n", seclvl);
334 return -EPERM;
335 } else if (cap == CAP_NET_ADMIN) {
336 seclvl_printk(1, KERN_WARNING, "Attempt to perform "
337 "network administrative task while "
338 "in secure level [%d] denied\n", seclvl);
339 return -EPERM;
340 } else if (cap == CAP_SETUID) {
341 seclvl_printk(1, KERN_WARNING, "Attempt to setuid "
342 "while in secure level [%d] denied\n",
343 seclvl);
344 return -EPERM;
345 } else if (cap == CAP_SETGID) {
346 seclvl_printk(1, KERN_WARNING, "Attempt to setgid "
347 "while in secure level [%d] denied\n",
348 seclvl);
349 } else if (cap == CAP_SYS_MODULE) {
350 seclvl_printk(1, KERN_WARNING, "Attempt to perform "
351 "a module operation while in secure "
352 "level [%d] denied\n", seclvl);
353 return -EPERM;
355 break;
356 default:
357 break;
359 /* from dummy.c */
360 if (cap_is_fs_cap(cap) ? tsk->fsuid == 0 : tsk->euid == 0)
361 return 0; /* capability granted */
362 seclvl_printk(1, KERN_WARNING, "Capability denied\n");
363 return -EPERM; /* capability denied */
367 * Disallow reversing the clock in seclvl > 1
369 static int seclvl_settime(struct timespec *tv, struct timezone *tz)
371 if (tv && seclvl > 1) {
372 struct timespec now;
373 now = current_kernel_time();
374 if (tv->tv_sec < now.tv_sec ||
375 (tv->tv_sec == now.tv_sec && tv->tv_nsec < now.tv_nsec)) {
376 seclvl_printk(1, KERN_WARNING, "Attempt to decrement "
377 "time in secure level %d denied: "
378 "current->pid = [%d], "
379 "current->group_leader->pid = [%d]\n",
380 seclvl, current->pid,
381 current->group_leader->pid);
382 return -EPERM;
383 } /* if attempt to decrement time */
384 } /* if seclvl > 1 */
385 return 0;
388 /* claim the blockdev to exclude mounters, release on file close */
389 static int seclvl_bd_claim(struct inode *inode)
391 int holder;
392 struct block_device *bdev = NULL;
393 dev_t dev = inode->i_rdev;
394 bdev = open_by_devnum(dev, FMODE_WRITE);
395 if (bdev) {
396 if (bd_claim(bdev, &holder)) {
397 blkdev_put(bdev);
398 return -EPERM;
400 /* claimed, mark it to release on close */
401 inode->i_security = current;
403 return 0;
406 /* release the blockdev if you claimed it */
407 static void seclvl_bd_release(struct inode *inode)
409 if (inode && S_ISBLK(inode->i_mode) && inode->i_security == current) {
410 struct block_device *bdev = inode->i_bdev;
411 if (bdev) {
412 bd_release(bdev);
413 blkdev_put(bdev);
414 inode->i_security = NULL;
420 * Security for writes to block devices is regulated by this seclvl
421 * function. Deny all writes to block devices in seclvl 2. In
422 * seclvl 1, we only deny writes to *mounted* block devices.
424 static int
425 seclvl_inode_permission(struct inode *inode, int mask, struct nameidata *nd)
427 if (current->pid != 1 && S_ISBLK(inode->i_mode) && (mask & MAY_WRITE)) {
428 switch (seclvl) {
429 case 2:
430 seclvl_printk(1, KERN_WARNING, "Write to block device "
431 "denied in secure level [%d]\n", seclvl);
432 return -EPERM;
433 case 1:
434 if (seclvl_bd_claim(inode)) {
435 seclvl_printk(1, KERN_WARNING,
436 "Write to mounted block device "
437 "denied in secure level [%d]\n",
438 seclvl);
439 return -EPERM;
443 return 0;
447 * The SUID and SGID bits cannot be set in seclvl >= 1
449 static int seclvl_inode_setattr(struct dentry *dentry, struct iattr *iattr)
451 if (seclvl > 0) {
452 if (iattr->ia_valid & ATTR_MODE)
453 if (iattr->ia_mode & S_ISUID ||
454 iattr->ia_mode & S_ISGID) {
455 seclvl_printk(1, KERN_WARNING, "Attempt to "
456 "modify SUID or SGID bit "
457 "denied in seclvl [%d]\n",
458 seclvl);
459 return -EPERM;
462 return 0;
465 /* release busied block devices */
466 static void seclvl_file_free_security(struct file *filp)
468 struct dentry *dentry = filp->f_dentry;
469 struct inode *inode = NULL;
471 if (dentry) {
472 inode = dentry->d_inode;
473 seclvl_bd_release(inode);
478 * Cannot unmount in secure level 2
480 static int seclvl_umount(struct vfsmount *mnt, int flags)
482 if (current->pid == 1)
483 return 0;
484 if (seclvl == 2) {
485 seclvl_printk(1, KERN_WARNING, "Attempt to unmount in secure "
486 "level %d\n", seclvl);
487 return -EPERM;
489 return 0;
492 static struct security_operations seclvl_ops = {
493 .ptrace = seclvl_ptrace,
494 .capable = seclvl_capable,
495 .inode_permission = seclvl_inode_permission,
496 .inode_setattr = seclvl_inode_setattr,
497 .file_free_security = seclvl_file_free_security,
498 .settime = seclvl_settime,
499 .sb_umount = seclvl_umount,
503 * Process the password-related module parameters
505 static int processPassword(void)
507 int rc = 0;
508 hashedPassword[0] = '\0';
509 if (*passwd) {
510 if (*sha1_passwd) {
511 seclvl_printk(0, KERN_ERR, "Error: Both "
512 "passwd and sha1_passwd "
513 "were set, but they are mutually "
514 "exclusive.\n");
515 return -EINVAL;
517 if ((rc = plaintext_to_sha1(hashedPassword, passwd,
518 strlen(passwd)))) {
519 seclvl_printk(0, KERN_ERR, "Error: SHA1 support not "
520 "in kernel\n");
521 return rc;
523 /* All static data goes to the BSS, which zero's the
524 * plaintext password out for us. */
525 } else if (*sha1_passwd) { // Base 16
526 int i;
527 i = strlen(sha1_passwd);
528 if (i != (SHA1_DIGEST_SIZE * 2)) {
529 seclvl_printk(0, KERN_ERR, "Received [%d] bytes; "
530 "expected [%d] for the hexadecimal "
531 "representation of the SHA1 hash of "
532 "the password.\n",
533 i, (SHA1_DIGEST_SIZE * 2));
534 return -EINVAL;
536 while ((i -= 2) + 2) {
537 unsigned char tmp;
538 tmp = sha1_passwd[i + 2];
539 sha1_passwd[i + 2] = '\0';
540 hashedPassword[i / 2] = (unsigned char)
541 simple_strtol(&sha1_passwd[i], NULL, 16);
542 sha1_passwd[i + 2] = tmp;
545 return 0;
549 * securityfs registrations
551 struct dentry *dir_ino, *seclvl_ino, *passwd_ino;
553 static int seclvlfs_register(void)
555 dir_ino = securityfs_create_dir("seclvl", NULL);
556 if (!dir_ino)
557 return -EFAULT;
559 seclvl_ino = securityfs_create_file("seclvl", S_IRUGO | S_IWUSR,
560 dir_ino, &seclvl, &seclvl_file_ops);
561 if (!seclvl_ino)
562 goto out_deldir;
563 if (*passwd || *sha1_passwd) {
564 passwd_ino = securityfs_create_file("passwd", S_IRUGO | S_IWUSR,
565 dir_ino, NULL, &passwd_file_ops);
566 if (!passwd_ino)
567 goto out_delf;
569 return 0;
571 out_deldir:
572 securityfs_remove(dir_ino);
573 out_delf:
574 securityfs_remove(seclvl_ino);
576 return -EFAULT;
580 * Initialize the seclvl module.
582 static int __init seclvl_init(void)
584 int rc = 0;
585 if (verbosity < 0 || verbosity > 1) {
586 printk(KERN_ERR "Error: bad verbosity [%d]; only 0 or 1 "
587 "are valid values\n", verbosity);
588 rc = -EINVAL;
589 goto exit;
591 if (initlvl < -1 || initlvl > 2) {
592 seclvl_printk(0, KERN_ERR, "Error: bad initial securelevel "
593 "[%d].\n", initlvl);
594 rc = -EINVAL;
595 goto exit;
597 seclvl = initlvl;
598 if ((rc = processPassword())) {
599 seclvl_printk(0, KERN_ERR, "Error processing the password "
600 "module parameter(s): rc = [%d]\n", rc);
601 goto exit;
603 /* register ourselves with the security framework */
604 if (register_security(&seclvl_ops)) {
605 seclvl_printk(0, KERN_ERR,
606 "seclvl: Failure registering with the "
607 "kernel.\n");
608 /* try registering with primary module */
609 rc = mod_reg_security(MY_NAME, &seclvl_ops);
610 if (rc) {
611 seclvl_printk(0, KERN_ERR, "seclvl: Failure "
612 "registering with primary security "
613 "module.\n");
614 goto exit;
615 } /* if primary module registered */
616 secondary = 1;
617 } /* if we registered ourselves with the security framework */
618 if ((rc = seclvlfs_register())) {
619 seclvl_printk(0, KERN_ERR, "Error registering with sysfs\n");
620 goto exit;
622 seclvl_printk(0, KERN_INFO, "seclvl: Successfully initialized.\n");
623 exit:
624 if (rc) {
625 printk(KERN_ERR "seclvl: Error during initialization: rc = "
626 "[%d]\n", rc);
628 return rc;
632 * Remove the seclvl module.
634 static void __exit seclvl_exit(void)
636 securityfs_remove(seclvl_ino);
637 if (*passwd || *sha1_passwd)
638 securityfs_remove(passwd_ino);
639 securityfs_remove(dir_ino);
640 if (secondary == 1) {
641 mod_unreg_security(MY_NAME, &seclvl_ops);
642 } else if (unregister_security(&seclvl_ops)) {
643 seclvl_printk(0, KERN_INFO,
644 "seclvl: Failure unregistering with the "
645 "kernel\n");
649 module_init(seclvl_init);
650 module_exit(seclvl_exit);
652 MODULE_AUTHOR("Michael A. Halcrow <mike@halcrow.us>");
653 MODULE_DESCRIPTION("LSM implementation of the BSD Secure Levels");
654 MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");