4 The device-mapper RAID (dm-raid) target provides a bridge from DM to MD.
5 It allows the MD RAID drivers to be accessed using a device-mapper
8 The target is named "raid" and it accepts the following parameters:
10 <raid_type> <#raid_params> <raid_params> \
11 <#raid_devs> <metadata_dev0> <dev0> [.. <metadata_devN> <devN>]
15 raid4 RAID4 dedicated parity disk
16 raid5_la RAID5 left asymmetric
17 - rotating parity 0 with data continuation
18 raid5_ra RAID5 right asymmetric
19 - rotating parity N with data continuation
20 raid5_ls RAID5 left symmetric
21 - rotating parity 0 with data restart
22 raid5_rs RAID5 right symmetric
23 - rotating parity N with data restart
24 raid6_zr RAID6 zero restart
25 - rotating parity zero (left-to-right) with data restart
26 raid6_nr RAID6 N restart
27 - rotating parity N (right-to-left) with data restart
28 raid6_nc RAID6 N continue
29 - rotating parity N (right-to-left) with data continuation
31 Refererence: Chapter 4 of
32 http://www.snia.org/sites/default/files/SNIA_DDF_Technical_Position_v2.0.pdf
34 <#raid_params>: The number of parameters that follow.
36 <raid_params> consists of
38 <chunk_size>: Chunk size in sectors. This parameter is often known as
39 "stripe size". It is the only mandatory parameter and
42 followed by optional parameters (in any order):
43 [sync|nosync] Force or prevent RAID initialization.
45 [rebuild <idx>] Rebuild drive number idx (first drive is 0).
48 Interval between runs of the bitmap daemon that
49 clear bits. A longer interval means less bitmap I/O but
50 resyncing after a failure is likely to take longer.
52 [min_recovery_rate <kB/sec/disk>] Throttle RAID initialization
53 [max_recovery_rate <kB/sec/disk>] Throttle RAID initialization
54 [write_mostly <idx>] Drive index is write-mostly
55 [max_write_behind <sectors>] See '-write-behind=' (man mdadm)
56 [stripe_cache <sectors>] Stripe cache size (higher RAIDs only)
57 [region_size <sectors>]
58 The region_size multiplied by the number of regions is the
59 logical size of the array. The bitmap records the device
60 synchronisation state for each region.
62 <#raid_devs>: The number of devices composing the array.
63 Each device consists of two entries. The first is the device
64 containing the metadata (if any); the second is the one containing the
67 If a drive has failed or is missing at creation time, a '-' can be
68 given for both the metadata and data drives for a given position.
73 # RAID4 - 4 data drives, 1 parity (no metadata devices)
74 # No metadata devices specified to hold superblock/bitmap info
76 # (Lines separated for easy reading)
80 5 - 8:17 - 8:33 - 8:49 - 8:65 - 8:81
82 # RAID4 - 4 data drives, 1 parity (with metadata devices)
83 # Chunk size of 1MiB, force RAID initialization,
84 # min recovery rate at 20 kiB/sec/disk
87 raid4 4 2048 sync min_recovery_rate 20 \
88 5 8:17 8:18 8:33 8:34 8:49 8:50 8:65 8:66 8:81 8:82
90 'dmsetup table' displays the table used to construct the mapping.
91 The optional parameters are always printed in the order listed
92 above with "sync" or "nosync" always output ahead of the other
93 arguments, regardless of the order used when originally loading the table.
94 Arguments that can be repeated are ordered by value.
96 'dmsetup status' yields information on the state and health of the
98 The output is as follows:
100 2: <raid_type> <#devices> <1 health char for each dev> <resync_ratio>
102 Line 1 is the standard output produced by device-mapper.
103 Line 2 is produced by the raid target, and best explained by example:
104 0 1960893648 raid raid4 5 AAAAA 2/490221568
105 Here we can see the RAID type is raid4, there are 5 devices - all of
106 which are 'A'live, and the array is 2/490221568 complete with recovery.
107 Faulty or missing devices are marked 'D'. Devices that are out-of-sync