2 * linux/fs/ext4/inode.c
4 * Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995
5 * Remy Card (card@masi.ibp.fr)
6 * Laboratoire MASI - Institut Blaise Pascal
7 * Universite Pierre et Marie Curie (Paris VI)
11 * linux/fs/minix/inode.c
13 * Copyright (C) 1991, 1992 Linus Torvalds
15 * Goal-directed block allocation by Stephen Tweedie
16 * (sct@redhat.com), 1993, 1998
17 * Big-endian to little-endian byte-swapping/bitmaps by
18 * David S. Miller (davem@caip.rutgers.edu), 1995
19 * 64-bit file support on 64-bit platforms by Jakub Jelinek
20 * (jj@sunsite.ms.mff.cuni.cz)
22 * Assorted race fixes, rewrite of ext4_get_block() by Al Viro, 2000
25 #include <linux/module.h>
27 #include <linux/time.h>
28 #include <linux/jbd2.h>
29 #include <linux/highuid.h>
30 #include <linux/pagemap.h>
31 #include <linux/quotaops.h>
32 #include <linux/string.h>
33 #include <linux/buffer_head.h>
34 #include <linux/writeback.h>
35 #include <linux/pagevec.h>
36 #include <linux/mpage.h>
37 #include <linux/uio.h>
38 #include <linux/bio.h>
39 #include "ext4_jbd2.h"
42 #include "ext4_extents.h"
44 #define MPAGE_DA_EXTENT_TAIL 0x01
46 static inline int ext4_begin_ordered_truncate(struct inode
*inode
,
49 return jbd2_journal_begin_ordered_truncate(&EXT4_I(inode
)->jinode
,
53 static void ext4_invalidatepage(struct page
*page
, unsigned long offset
);
56 * Test whether an inode is a fast symlink.
58 static int ext4_inode_is_fast_symlink(struct inode
*inode
)
60 int ea_blocks
= EXT4_I(inode
)->i_file_acl
?
61 (inode
->i_sb
->s_blocksize
>> 9) : 0;
63 return (S_ISLNK(inode
->i_mode
) && inode
->i_blocks
- ea_blocks
== 0);
67 * The ext4 forget function must perform a revoke if we are freeing data
68 * which has been journaled. Metadata (eg. indirect blocks) must be
69 * revoked in all cases.
71 * "bh" may be NULL: a metadata block may have been freed from memory
72 * but there may still be a record of it in the journal, and that record
73 * still needs to be revoked.
75 int ext4_forget(handle_t
*handle
, int is_metadata
, struct inode
*inode
,
76 struct buffer_head
*bh
, ext4_fsblk_t blocknr
)
82 BUFFER_TRACE(bh
, "enter");
84 jbd_debug(4, "forgetting bh %p: is_metadata = %d, mode %o, "
86 bh
, is_metadata
, inode
->i_mode
,
87 test_opt(inode
->i_sb
, DATA_FLAGS
));
89 /* Never use the revoke function if we are doing full data
90 * journaling: there is no need to, and a V1 superblock won't
91 * support it. Otherwise, only skip the revoke on un-journaled
94 if (test_opt(inode
->i_sb
, DATA_FLAGS
) == EXT4_MOUNT_JOURNAL_DATA
||
95 (!is_metadata
&& !ext4_should_journal_data(inode
))) {
97 BUFFER_TRACE(bh
, "call jbd2_journal_forget");
98 return ext4_journal_forget(handle
, bh
);
104 * data!=journal && (is_metadata || should_journal_data(inode))
106 BUFFER_TRACE(bh
, "call ext4_journal_revoke");
107 err
= ext4_journal_revoke(handle
, blocknr
, bh
);
109 ext4_abort(inode
->i_sb
, __func__
,
110 "error %d when attempting revoke", err
);
111 BUFFER_TRACE(bh
, "exit");
116 * Work out how many blocks we need to proceed with the next chunk of a
117 * truncate transaction.
119 static unsigned long blocks_for_truncate(struct inode
*inode
)
123 needed
= inode
->i_blocks
>> (inode
->i_sb
->s_blocksize_bits
- 9);
125 /* Give ourselves just enough room to cope with inodes in which
126 * i_blocks is corrupt: we've seen disk corruptions in the past
127 * which resulted in random data in an inode which looked enough
128 * like a regular file for ext4 to try to delete it. Things
129 * will go a bit crazy if that happens, but at least we should
130 * try not to panic the whole kernel. */
134 /* But we need to bound the transaction so we don't overflow the
136 if (needed
> EXT4_MAX_TRANS_DATA
)
137 needed
= EXT4_MAX_TRANS_DATA
;
139 return EXT4_DATA_TRANS_BLOCKS(inode
->i_sb
) + needed
;
143 * Truncate transactions can be complex and absolutely huge. So we need to
144 * be able to restart the transaction at a conventient checkpoint to make
145 * sure we don't overflow the journal.
147 * start_transaction gets us a new handle for a truncate transaction,
148 * and extend_transaction tries to extend the existing one a bit. If
149 * extend fails, we need to propagate the failure up and restart the
150 * transaction in the top-level truncate loop. --sct
152 static handle_t
*start_transaction(struct inode
*inode
)
156 result
= ext4_journal_start(inode
, blocks_for_truncate(inode
));
160 ext4_std_error(inode
->i_sb
, PTR_ERR(result
));
165 * Try to extend this transaction for the purposes of truncation.
167 * Returns 0 if we managed to create more room. If we can't create more
168 * room, and the transaction must be restarted we return 1.
170 static int try_to_extend_transaction(handle_t
*handle
, struct inode
*inode
)
172 if (handle
->h_buffer_credits
> EXT4_RESERVE_TRANS_BLOCKS
)
174 if (!ext4_journal_extend(handle
, blocks_for_truncate(inode
)))
180 * Restart the transaction associated with *handle. This does a commit,
181 * so before we call here everything must be consistently dirtied against
184 static int ext4_journal_test_restart(handle_t
*handle
, struct inode
*inode
)
186 jbd_debug(2, "restarting handle %p\n", handle
);
187 return ext4_journal_restart(handle
, blocks_for_truncate(inode
));
191 * Called at the last iput() if i_nlink is zero.
193 void ext4_delete_inode(struct inode
*inode
)
198 if (ext4_should_order_data(inode
))
199 ext4_begin_ordered_truncate(inode
, 0);
200 truncate_inode_pages(&inode
->i_data
, 0);
202 if (is_bad_inode(inode
))
205 handle
= ext4_journal_start(inode
, blocks_for_truncate(inode
)+3);
206 if (IS_ERR(handle
)) {
207 ext4_std_error(inode
->i_sb
, PTR_ERR(handle
));
209 * If we're going to skip the normal cleanup, we still need to
210 * make sure that the in-core orphan linked list is properly
213 ext4_orphan_del(NULL
, inode
);
220 err
= ext4_mark_inode_dirty(handle
, inode
);
222 ext4_warning(inode
->i_sb
, __func__
,
223 "couldn't mark inode dirty (err %d)", err
);
227 ext4_truncate(inode
);
230 * ext4_ext_truncate() doesn't reserve any slop when it
231 * restarts journal transactions; therefore there may not be
232 * enough credits left in the handle to remove the inode from
233 * the orphan list and set the dtime field.
235 if (handle
->h_buffer_credits
< 3) {
236 err
= ext4_journal_extend(handle
, 3);
238 err
= ext4_journal_restart(handle
, 3);
240 ext4_warning(inode
->i_sb
, __func__
,
241 "couldn't extend journal (err %d)", err
);
243 ext4_journal_stop(handle
);
249 * Kill off the orphan record which ext4_truncate created.
250 * AKPM: I think this can be inside the above `if'.
251 * Note that ext4_orphan_del() has to be able to cope with the
252 * deletion of a non-existent orphan - this is because we don't
253 * know if ext4_truncate() actually created an orphan record.
254 * (Well, we could do this if we need to, but heck - it works)
256 ext4_orphan_del(handle
, inode
);
257 EXT4_I(inode
)->i_dtime
= get_seconds();
260 * One subtle ordering requirement: if anything has gone wrong
261 * (transaction abort, IO errors, whatever), then we can still
262 * do these next steps (the fs will already have been marked as
263 * having errors), but we can't free the inode if the mark_dirty
266 if (ext4_mark_inode_dirty(handle
, inode
))
267 /* If that failed, just do the required in-core inode clear. */
270 ext4_free_inode(handle
, inode
);
271 ext4_journal_stop(handle
);
274 clear_inode(inode
); /* We must guarantee clearing of inode... */
280 struct buffer_head
*bh
;
283 static inline void add_chain(Indirect
*p
, struct buffer_head
*bh
, __le32
*v
)
285 p
->key
= *(p
->p
= v
);
290 * ext4_block_to_path - parse the block number into array of offsets
291 * @inode: inode in question (we are only interested in its superblock)
292 * @i_block: block number to be parsed
293 * @offsets: array to store the offsets in
294 * @boundary: set this non-zero if the referred-to block is likely to be
295 * followed (on disk) by an indirect block.
297 * To store the locations of file's data ext4 uses a data structure common
298 * for UNIX filesystems - tree of pointers anchored in the inode, with
299 * data blocks at leaves and indirect blocks in intermediate nodes.
300 * This function translates the block number into path in that tree -
301 * return value is the path length and @offsets[n] is the offset of
302 * pointer to (n+1)th node in the nth one. If @block is out of range
303 * (negative or too large) warning is printed and zero returned.
305 * Note: function doesn't find node addresses, so no IO is needed. All
306 * we need to know is the capacity of indirect blocks (taken from the
311 * Portability note: the last comparison (check that we fit into triple
312 * indirect block) is spelled differently, because otherwise on an
313 * architecture with 32-bit longs and 8Kb pages we might get into trouble
314 * if our filesystem had 8Kb blocks. We might use long long, but that would
315 * kill us on x86. Oh, well, at least the sign propagation does not matter -
316 * i_block would have to be negative in the very beginning, so we would not
320 static int ext4_block_to_path(struct inode
*inode
,
322 ext4_lblk_t offsets
[4], int *boundary
)
324 int ptrs
= EXT4_ADDR_PER_BLOCK(inode
->i_sb
);
325 int ptrs_bits
= EXT4_ADDR_PER_BLOCK_BITS(inode
->i_sb
);
326 const long direct_blocks
= EXT4_NDIR_BLOCKS
,
327 indirect_blocks
= ptrs
,
328 double_blocks
= (1 << (ptrs_bits
* 2));
333 ext4_warning(inode
->i_sb
, "ext4_block_to_path", "block < 0");
334 } else if (i_block
< direct_blocks
) {
335 offsets
[n
++] = i_block
;
336 final
= direct_blocks
;
337 } else if ((i_block
-= direct_blocks
) < indirect_blocks
) {
338 offsets
[n
++] = EXT4_IND_BLOCK
;
339 offsets
[n
++] = i_block
;
341 } else if ((i_block
-= indirect_blocks
) < double_blocks
) {
342 offsets
[n
++] = EXT4_DIND_BLOCK
;
343 offsets
[n
++] = i_block
>> ptrs_bits
;
344 offsets
[n
++] = i_block
& (ptrs
- 1);
346 } else if (((i_block
-= double_blocks
) >> (ptrs_bits
* 2)) < ptrs
) {
347 offsets
[n
++] = EXT4_TIND_BLOCK
;
348 offsets
[n
++] = i_block
>> (ptrs_bits
* 2);
349 offsets
[n
++] = (i_block
>> ptrs_bits
) & (ptrs
- 1);
350 offsets
[n
++] = i_block
& (ptrs
- 1);
353 ext4_warning(inode
->i_sb
, "ext4_block_to_path",
355 i_block
+ direct_blocks
+
356 indirect_blocks
+ double_blocks
);
359 *boundary
= final
- 1 - (i_block
& (ptrs
- 1));
364 * ext4_get_branch - read the chain of indirect blocks leading to data
365 * @inode: inode in question
366 * @depth: depth of the chain (1 - direct pointer, etc.)
367 * @offsets: offsets of pointers in inode/indirect blocks
368 * @chain: place to store the result
369 * @err: here we store the error value
371 * Function fills the array of triples <key, p, bh> and returns %NULL
372 * if everything went OK or the pointer to the last filled triple
373 * (incomplete one) otherwise. Upon the return chain[i].key contains
374 * the number of (i+1)-th block in the chain (as it is stored in memory,
375 * i.e. little-endian 32-bit), chain[i].p contains the address of that
376 * number (it points into struct inode for i==0 and into the bh->b_data
377 * for i>0) and chain[i].bh points to the buffer_head of i-th indirect
378 * block for i>0 and NULL for i==0. In other words, it holds the block
379 * numbers of the chain, addresses they were taken from (and where we can
380 * verify that chain did not change) and buffer_heads hosting these
383 * Function stops when it stumbles upon zero pointer (absent block)
384 * (pointer to last triple returned, *@err == 0)
385 * or when it gets an IO error reading an indirect block
386 * (ditto, *@err == -EIO)
387 * or when it reads all @depth-1 indirect blocks successfully and finds
388 * the whole chain, all way to the data (returns %NULL, *err == 0).
390 * Need to be called with
391 * down_read(&EXT4_I(inode)->i_data_sem)
393 static Indirect
*ext4_get_branch(struct inode
*inode
, int depth
,
394 ext4_lblk_t
*offsets
,
395 Indirect chain
[4], int *err
)
397 struct super_block
*sb
= inode
->i_sb
;
399 struct buffer_head
*bh
;
402 /* i_data is not going away, no lock needed */
403 add_chain(chain
, NULL
, EXT4_I(inode
)->i_data
+ *offsets
);
407 bh
= sb_bread(sb
, le32_to_cpu(p
->key
));
410 add_chain(++p
, bh
, (__le32
*)bh
->b_data
+ *++offsets
);
424 * ext4_find_near - find a place for allocation with sufficient locality
426 * @ind: descriptor of indirect block.
428 * This function returns the preferred place for block allocation.
429 * It is used when heuristic for sequential allocation fails.
431 * + if there is a block to the left of our position - allocate near it.
432 * + if pointer will live in indirect block - allocate near that block.
433 * + if pointer will live in inode - allocate in the same
436 * In the latter case we colour the starting block by the callers PID to
437 * prevent it from clashing with concurrent allocations for a different inode
438 * in the same block group. The PID is used here so that functionally related
439 * files will be close-by on-disk.
441 * Caller must make sure that @ind is valid and will stay that way.
443 static ext4_fsblk_t
ext4_find_near(struct inode
*inode
, Indirect
*ind
)
445 struct ext4_inode_info
*ei
= EXT4_I(inode
);
446 __le32
*start
= ind
->bh
? (__le32
*) ind
->bh
->b_data
: ei
->i_data
;
448 ext4_fsblk_t bg_start
;
449 ext4_fsblk_t last_block
;
450 ext4_grpblk_t colour
;
452 /* Try to find previous block */
453 for (p
= ind
->p
- 1; p
>= start
; p
--) {
455 return le32_to_cpu(*p
);
458 /* No such thing, so let's try location of indirect block */
460 return ind
->bh
->b_blocknr
;
463 * It is going to be referred to from the inode itself? OK, just put it
464 * into the same cylinder group then.
466 bg_start
= ext4_group_first_block_no(inode
->i_sb
, ei
->i_block_group
);
467 last_block
= ext4_blocks_count(EXT4_SB(inode
->i_sb
)->s_es
) - 1;
469 if (bg_start
+ EXT4_BLOCKS_PER_GROUP(inode
->i_sb
) <= last_block
)
470 colour
= (current
->pid
% 16) *
471 (EXT4_BLOCKS_PER_GROUP(inode
->i_sb
) / 16);
473 colour
= (current
->pid
% 16) * ((last_block
- bg_start
) / 16);
474 return bg_start
+ colour
;
478 * ext4_find_goal - find a preferred place for allocation.
480 * @block: block we want
481 * @partial: pointer to the last triple within a chain
483 * Normally this function find the preferred place for block allocation,
486 static ext4_fsblk_t
ext4_find_goal(struct inode
*inode
, ext4_lblk_t block
,
489 struct ext4_block_alloc_info
*block_i
;
491 block_i
= EXT4_I(inode
)->i_block_alloc_info
;
494 * try the heuristic for sequential allocation,
495 * failing that at least try to get decent locality.
497 if (block_i
&& (block
== block_i
->last_alloc_logical_block
+ 1)
498 && (block_i
->last_alloc_physical_block
!= 0)) {
499 return block_i
->last_alloc_physical_block
+ 1;
502 return ext4_find_near(inode
, partial
);
506 * ext4_blks_to_allocate: Look up the block map and count the number
507 * of direct blocks need to be allocated for the given branch.
509 * @branch: chain of indirect blocks
510 * @k: number of blocks need for indirect blocks
511 * @blks: number of data blocks to be mapped.
512 * @blocks_to_boundary: the offset in the indirect block
514 * return the total number of blocks to be allocate, including the
515 * direct and indirect blocks.
517 static int ext4_blks_to_allocate(Indirect
*branch
, int k
, unsigned long blks
,
518 int blocks_to_boundary
)
520 unsigned long count
= 0;
523 * Simple case, [t,d]Indirect block(s) has not allocated yet
524 * then it's clear blocks on that path have not allocated
527 /* right now we don't handle cross boundary allocation */
528 if (blks
< blocks_to_boundary
+ 1)
531 count
+= blocks_to_boundary
+ 1;
536 while (count
< blks
&& count
<= blocks_to_boundary
&&
537 le32_to_cpu(*(branch
[0].p
+ count
)) == 0) {
544 * ext4_alloc_blocks: multiple allocate blocks needed for a branch
545 * @indirect_blks: the number of blocks need to allocate for indirect
548 * @new_blocks: on return it will store the new block numbers for
549 * the indirect blocks(if needed) and the first direct block,
550 * @blks: on return it will store the total number of allocated
553 static int ext4_alloc_blocks(handle_t
*handle
, struct inode
*inode
,
554 ext4_lblk_t iblock
, ext4_fsblk_t goal
,
555 int indirect_blks
, int blks
,
556 ext4_fsblk_t new_blocks
[4], int *err
)
559 unsigned long count
= 0, blk_allocated
= 0;
561 ext4_fsblk_t current_block
= 0;
565 * Here we try to allocate the requested multiple blocks at once,
566 * on a best-effort basis.
567 * To build a branch, we should allocate blocks for
568 * the indirect blocks(if not allocated yet), and at least
569 * the first direct block of this branch. That's the
570 * minimum number of blocks need to allocate(required)
572 /* first we try to allocate the indirect blocks */
573 target
= indirect_blks
;
576 /* allocating blocks for indirect blocks and direct blocks */
577 current_block
= ext4_new_meta_blocks(handle
, inode
,
583 /* allocate blocks for indirect blocks */
584 while (index
< indirect_blks
&& count
) {
585 new_blocks
[index
++] = current_block
++;
590 * save the new block number
591 * for the first direct block
593 new_blocks
[index
] = current_block
;
594 printk(KERN_INFO
"%s returned more blocks than "
595 "requested\n", __func__
);
601 target
= blks
- count
;
602 blk_allocated
= count
;
605 /* Now allocate data blocks */
607 /* allocating blocks for data blocks */
608 current_block
= ext4_new_blocks(handle
, inode
, iblock
,
610 if (*err
&& (target
== blks
)) {
612 * if the allocation failed and we didn't allocate
618 if (target
== blks
) {
620 * save the new block number
621 * for the first direct block
623 new_blocks
[index
] = current_block
;
625 blk_allocated
+= count
;
628 /* total number of blocks allocated for direct blocks */
633 for (i
= 0; i
< index
; i
++)
634 ext4_free_blocks(handle
, inode
, new_blocks
[i
], 1, 0);
639 * ext4_alloc_branch - allocate and set up a chain of blocks.
641 * @indirect_blks: number of allocated indirect blocks
642 * @blks: number of allocated direct blocks
643 * @offsets: offsets (in the blocks) to store the pointers to next.
644 * @branch: place to store the chain in.
646 * This function allocates blocks, zeroes out all but the last one,
647 * links them into chain and (if we are synchronous) writes them to disk.
648 * In other words, it prepares a branch that can be spliced onto the
649 * inode. It stores the information about that chain in the branch[], in
650 * the same format as ext4_get_branch() would do. We are calling it after
651 * we had read the existing part of chain and partial points to the last
652 * triple of that (one with zero ->key). Upon the exit we have the same
653 * picture as after the successful ext4_get_block(), except that in one
654 * place chain is disconnected - *branch->p is still zero (we did not
655 * set the last link), but branch->key contains the number that should
656 * be placed into *branch->p to fill that gap.
658 * If allocation fails we free all blocks we've allocated (and forget
659 * their buffer_heads) and return the error value the from failed
660 * ext4_alloc_block() (normally -ENOSPC). Otherwise we set the chain
661 * as described above and return 0.
663 static int ext4_alloc_branch(handle_t
*handle
, struct inode
*inode
,
664 ext4_lblk_t iblock
, int indirect_blks
,
665 int *blks
, ext4_fsblk_t goal
,
666 ext4_lblk_t
*offsets
, Indirect
*branch
)
668 int blocksize
= inode
->i_sb
->s_blocksize
;
671 struct buffer_head
*bh
;
673 ext4_fsblk_t new_blocks
[4];
674 ext4_fsblk_t current_block
;
676 num
= ext4_alloc_blocks(handle
, inode
, iblock
, goal
, indirect_blks
,
677 *blks
, new_blocks
, &err
);
681 branch
[0].key
= cpu_to_le32(new_blocks
[0]);
683 * metadata blocks and data blocks are allocated.
685 for (n
= 1; n
<= indirect_blks
; n
++) {
687 * Get buffer_head for parent block, zero it out
688 * and set the pointer to new one, then send
691 bh
= sb_getblk(inode
->i_sb
, new_blocks
[n
-1]);
694 BUFFER_TRACE(bh
, "call get_create_access");
695 err
= ext4_journal_get_create_access(handle
, bh
);
702 memset(bh
->b_data
, 0, blocksize
);
703 branch
[n
].p
= (__le32
*) bh
->b_data
+ offsets
[n
];
704 branch
[n
].key
= cpu_to_le32(new_blocks
[n
]);
705 *branch
[n
].p
= branch
[n
].key
;
706 if (n
== indirect_blks
) {
707 current_block
= new_blocks
[n
];
709 * End of chain, update the last new metablock of
710 * the chain to point to the new allocated
711 * data blocks numbers
713 for (i
=1; i
< num
; i
++)
714 *(branch
[n
].p
+ i
) = cpu_to_le32(++current_block
);
716 BUFFER_TRACE(bh
, "marking uptodate");
717 set_buffer_uptodate(bh
);
720 BUFFER_TRACE(bh
, "call ext4_journal_dirty_metadata");
721 err
= ext4_journal_dirty_metadata(handle
, bh
);
728 /* Allocation failed, free what we already allocated */
729 for (i
= 1; i
<= n
; i
++) {
730 BUFFER_TRACE(branch
[i
].bh
, "call jbd2_journal_forget");
731 ext4_journal_forget(handle
, branch
[i
].bh
);
733 for (i
= 0; i
< indirect_blks
; i
++)
734 ext4_free_blocks(handle
, inode
, new_blocks
[i
], 1, 0);
736 ext4_free_blocks(handle
, inode
, new_blocks
[i
], num
, 0);
742 * ext4_splice_branch - splice the allocated branch onto inode.
744 * @block: (logical) number of block we are adding
745 * @chain: chain of indirect blocks (with a missing link - see
747 * @where: location of missing link
748 * @num: number of indirect blocks we are adding
749 * @blks: number of direct blocks we are adding
751 * This function fills the missing link and does all housekeeping needed in
752 * inode (->i_blocks, etc.). In case of success we end up with the full
753 * chain to new block and return 0.
755 static int ext4_splice_branch(handle_t
*handle
, struct inode
*inode
,
756 ext4_lblk_t block
, Indirect
*where
, int num
, int blks
)
760 struct ext4_block_alloc_info
*block_i
;
761 ext4_fsblk_t current_block
;
763 block_i
= EXT4_I(inode
)->i_block_alloc_info
;
765 * If we're splicing into a [td]indirect block (as opposed to the
766 * inode) then we need to get write access to the [td]indirect block
770 BUFFER_TRACE(where
->bh
, "get_write_access");
771 err
= ext4_journal_get_write_access(handle
, where
->bh
);
777 *where
->p
= where
->key
;
780 * Update the host buffer_head or inode to point to more just allocated
781 * direct blocks blocks
783 if (num
== 0 && blks
> 1) {
784 current_block
= le32_to_cpu(where
->key
) + 1;
785 for (i
= 1; i
< blks
; i
++)
786 *(where
->p
+ i
) = cpu_to_le32(current_block
++);
790 * update the most recently allocated logical & physical block
791 * in i_block_alloc_info, to assist find the proper goal block for next
795 block_i
->last_alloc_logical_block
= block
+ blks
- 1;
796 block_i
->last_alloc_physical_block
=
797 le32_to_cpu(where
[num
].key
) + blks
- 1;
800 /* We are done with atomic stuff, now do the rest of housekeeping */
802 inode
->i_ctime
= ext4_current_time(inode
);
803 ext4_mark_inode_dirty(handle
, inode
);
805 /* had we spliced it onto indirect block? */
808 * If we spliced it onto an indirect block, we haven't
809 * altered the inode. Note however that if it is being spliced
810 * onto an indirect block at the very end of the file (the
811 * file is growing) then we *will* alter the inode to reflect
812 * the new i_size. But that is not done here - it is done in
813 * generic_commit_write->__mark_inode_dirty->ext4_dirty_inode.
815 jbd_debug(5, "splicing indirect only\n");
816 BUFFER_TRACE(where
->bh
, "call ext4_journal_dirty_metadata");
817 err
= ext4_journal_dirty_metadata(handle
, where
->bh
);
822 * OK, we spliced it into the inode itself on a direct block.
823 * Inode was dirtied above.
825 jbd_debug(5, "splicing direct\n");
830 for (i
= 1; i
<= num
; i
++) {
831 BUFFER_TRACE(where
[i
].bh
, "call jbd2_journal_forget");
832 ext4_journal_forget(handle
, where
[i
].bh
);
833 ext4_free_blocks(handle
, inode
,
834 le32_to_cpu(where
[i
-1].key
), 1, 0);
836 ext4_free_blocks(handle
, inode
, le32_to_cpu(where
[num
].key
), blks
, 0);
842 * Allocation strategy is simple: if we have to allocate something, we will
843 * have to go the whole way to leaf. So let's do it before attaching anything
844 * to tree, set linkage between the newborn blocks, write them if sync is
845 * required, recheck the path, free and repeat if check fails, otherwise
846 * set the last missing link (that will protect us from any truncate-generated
847 * removals - all blocks on the path are immune now) and possibly force the
848 * write on the parent block.
849 * That has a nice additional property: no special recovery from the failed
850 * allocations is needed - we simply release blocks and do not touch anything
851 * reachable from inode.
853 * `handle' can be NULL if create == 0.
855 * return > 0, # of blocks mapped or allocated.
856 * return = 0, if plain lookup failed.
857 * return < 0, error case.
860 * Need to be called with
861 * down_read(&EXT4_I(inode)->i_data_sem) if not allocating file system block
862 * (ie, create is zero). Otherwise down_write(&EXT4_I(inode)->i_data_sem)
864 int ext4_get_blocks_handle(handle_t
*handle
, struct inode
*inode
,
865 ext4_lblk_t iblock
, unsigned long maxblocks
,
866 struct buffer_head
*bh_result
,
867 int create
, int extend_disksize
)
870 ext4_lblk_t offsets
[4];
875 int blocks_to_boundary
= 0;
877 struct ext4_inode_info
*ei
= EXT4_I(inode
);
879 ext4_fsblk_t first_block
= 0;
883 J_ASSERT(!(EXT4_I(inode
)->i_flags
& EXT4_EXTENTS_FL
));
884 J_ASSERT(handle
!= NULL
|| create
== 0);
885 depth
= ext4_block_to_path(inode
, iblock
, offsets
,
886 &blocks_to_boundary
);
891 partial
= ext4_get_branch(inode
, depth
, offsets
, chain
, &err
);
893 /* Simplest case - block found, no allocation needed */
895 first_block
= le32_to_cpu(chain
[depth
- 1].key
);
896 clear_buffer_new(bh_result
);
899 while (count
< maxblocks
&& count
<= blocks_to_boundary
) {
902 blk
= le32_to_cpu(*(chain
[depth
-1].p
+ count
));
904 if (blk
== first_block
+ count
)
912 /* Next simple case - plain lookup or failed read of indirect block */
913 if (!create
|| err
== -EIO
)
917 * Okay, we need to do block allocation. Lazily initialize the block
918 * allocation info here if necessary
920 if (S_ISREG(inode
->i_mode
) && (!ei
->i_block_alloc_info
))
921 ext4_init_block_alloc_info(inode
);
923 goal
= ext4_find_goal(inode
, iblock
, partial
);
925 /* the number of blocks need to allocate for [d,t]indirect blocks */
926 indirect_blks
= (chain
+ depth
) - partial
- 1;
929 * Next look up the indirect map to count the totoal number of
930 * direct blocks to allocate for this branch.
932 count
= ext4_blks_to_allocate(partial
, indirect_blks
,
933 maxblocks
, blocks_to_boundary
);
935 * Block out ext4_truncate while we alter the tree
937 err
= ext4_alloc_branch(handle
, inode
, iblock
, indirect_blks
,
939 offsets
+ (partial
- chain
), partial
);
942 * The ext4_splice_branch call will free and forget any buffers
943 * on the new chain if there is a failure, but that risks using
944 * up transaction credits, especially for bitmaps where the
945 * credits cannot be returned. Can we handle this somehow? We
946 * may need to return -EAGAIN upwards in the worst case. --sct
949 err
= ext4_splice_branch(handle
, inode
, iblock
,
950 partial
, indirect_blks
, count
);
952 * i_disksize growing is protected by i_data_sem. Don't forget to
953 * protect it if you're about to implement concurrent
954 * ext4_get_block() -bzzz
956 if (!err
&& extend_disksize
) {
957 disksize
= ((loff_t
) iblock
+ count
) << inode
->i_blkbits
;
958 if (disksize
> i_size_read(inode
))
959 disksize
= i_size_read(inode
);
960 if (disksize
> ei
->i_disksize
)
961 ei
->i_disksize
= disksize
;
966 set_buffer_new(bh_result
);
968 map_bh(bh_result
, inode
->i_sb
, le32_to_cpu(chain
[depth
-1].key
));
969 if (count
> blocks_to_boundary
)
970 set_buffer_boundary(bh_result
);
972 /* Clean up and exit */
973 partial
= chain
+ depth
- 1; /* the whole chain */
975 while (partial
> chain
) {
976 BUFFER_TRACE(partial
->bh
, "call brelse");
980 BUFFER_TRACE(bh_result
, "returned");
986 * Calculate the number of metadata blocks need to reserve
987 * to allocate @blocks for non extent file based file
989 static int ext4_indirect_calc_metadata_amount(struct inode
*inode
, int blocks
)
991 int icap
= EXT4_ADDR_PER_BLOCK(inode
->i_sb
);
992 int ind_blks
, dind_blks
, tind_blks
;
994 /* number of new indirect blocks needed */
995 ind_blks
= (blocks
+ icap
- 1) / icap
;
997 dind_blks
= (ind_blks
+ icap
- 1) / icap
;
1001 return ind_blks
+ dind_blks
+ tind_blks
;
1005 * Calculate the number of metadata blocks need to reserve
1006 * to allocate given number of blocks
1008 static int ext4_calc_metadata_amount(struct inode
*inode
, int blocks
)
1013 if (EXT4_I(inode
)->i_flags
& EXT4_EXTENTS_FL
)
1014 return ext4_ext_calc_metadata_amount(inode
, blocks
);
1016 return ext4_indirect_calc_metadata_amount(inode
, blocks
);
1019 static void ext4_da_update_reserve_space(struct inode
*inode
, int used
)
1021 struct ext4_sb_info
*sbi
= EXT4_SB(inode
->i_sb
);
1022 int total
, mdb
, mdb_free
;
1024 spin_lock(&EXT4_I(inode
)->i_block_reservation_lock
);
1025 /* recalculate the number of metablocks still need to be reserved */
1026 total
= EXT4_I(inode
)->i_reserved_data_blocks
- used
;
1027 mdb
= ext4_calc_metadata_amount(inode
, total
);
1029 /* figure out how many metablocks to release */
1030 BUG_ON(mdb
> EXT4_I(inode
)->i_reserved_meta_blocks
);
1031 mdb_free
= EXT4_I(inode
)->i_reserved_meta_blocks
- mdb
;
1034 /* Account for allocated meta_blocks */
1035 mdb_free
-= EXT4_I(inode
)->i_allocated_meta_blocks
;
1037 /* update fs dirty blocks counter */
1038 percpu_counter_sub(&sbi
->s_dirtyblocks_counter
, mdb_free
);
1039 EXT4_I(inode
)->i_allocated_meta_blocks
= 0;
1040 EXT4_I(inode
)->i_reserved_meta_blocks
= mdb
;
1043 /* update per-inode reservations */
1044 BUG_ON(used
> EXT4_I(inode
)->i_reserved_data_blocks
);
1045 EXT4_I(inode
)->i_reserved_data_blocks
-= used
;
1047 spin_unlock(&EXT4_I(inode
)->i_block_reservation_lock
);
1051 * The ext4_get_blocks_wrap() function try to look up the requested blocks,
1052 * and returns if the blocks are already mapped.
1054 * Otherwise it takes the write lock of the i_data_sem and allocate blocks
1055 * and store the allocated blocks in the result buffer head and mark it
1058 * If file type is extents based, it will call ext4_ext_get_blocks(),
1059 * Otherwise, call with ext4_get_blocks_handle() to handle indirect mapping
1062 * On success, it returns the number of blocks being mapped or allocate.
1063 * if create==0 and the blocks are pre-allocated and uninitialized block,
1064 * the result buffer head is unmapped. If the create ==1, it will make sure
1065 * the buffer head is mapped.
1067 * It returns 0 if plain look up failed (blocks have not been allocated), in
1068 * that casem, buffer head is unmapped
1070 * It returns the error in case of allocation failure.
1072 int ext4_get_blocks_wrap(handle_t
*handle
, struct inode
*inode
, sector_t block
,
1073 unsigned long max_blocks
, struct buffer_head
*bh
,
1074 int create
, int extend_disksize
, int flag
)
1078 clear_buffer_mapped(bh
);
1081 * Try to see if we can get the block without requesting
1082 * for new file system block.
1084 down_read((&EXT4_I(inode
)->i_data_sem
));
1085 if (EXT4_I(inode
)->i_flags
& EXT4_EXTENTS_FL
) {
1086 retval
= ext4_ext_get_blocks(handle
, inode
, block
, max_blocks
,
1089 retval
= ext4_get_blocks_handle(handle
,
1090 inode
, block
, max_blocks
, bh
, 0, 0);
1092 up_read((&EXT4_I(inode
)->i_data_sem
));
1094 /* If it is only a block(s) look up */
1099 * Returns if the blocks have already allocated
1101 * Note that if blocks have been preallocated
1102 * ext4_ext_get_block() returns th create = 0
1103 * with buffer head unmapped.
1105 if (retval
> 0 && buffer_mapped(bh
))
1109 * New blocks allocate and/or writing to uninitialized extent
1110 * will possibly result in updating i_data, so we take
1111 * the write lock of i_data_sem, and call get_blocks()
1112 * with create == 1 flag.
1114 down_write((&EXT4_I(inode
)->i_data_sem
));
1117 * if the caller is from delayed allocation writeout path
1118 * we have already reserved fs blocks for allocation
1119 * let the underlying get_block() function know to
1120 * avoid double accounting
1123 EXT4_I(inode
)->i_delalloc_reserved_flag
= 1;
1125 * We need to check for EXT4 here because migrate
1126 * could have changed the inode type in between
1128 if (EXT4_I(inode
)->i_flags
& EXT4_EXTENTS_FL
) {
1129 retval
= ext4_ext_get_blocks(handle
, inode
, block
, max_blocks
,
1130 bh
, create
, extend_disksize
);
1132 retval
= ext4_get_blocks_handle(handle
, inode
, block
,
1133 max_blocks
, bh
, create
, extend_disksize
);
1135 if (retval
> 0 && buffer_new(bh
)) {
1137 * We allocated new blocks which will result in
1138 * i_data's format changing. Force the migrate
1139 * to fail by clearing migrate flags
1141 EXT4_I(inode
)->i_flags
= EXT4_I(inode
)->i_flags
&
1147 EXT4_I(inode
)->i_delalloc_reserved_flag
= 0;
1149 * Update reserved blocks/metadata blocks
1150 * after successful block allocation
1151 * which were deferred till now
1153 if ((retval
> 0) && buffer_delay(bh
))
1154 ext4_da_update_reserve_space(inode
, retval
);
1157 up_write((&EXT4_I(inode
)->i_data_sem
));
1161 /* Maximum number of blocks we map for direct IO at once. */
1162 #define DIO_MAX_BLOCKS 4096
1164 static int ext4_get_block(struct inode
*inode
, sector_t iblock
,
1165 struct buffer_head
*bh_result
, int create
)
1167 handle_t
*handle
= ext4_journal_current_handle();
1168 int ret
= 0, started
= 0;
1169 unsigned max_blocks
= bh_result
->b_size
>> inode
->i_blkbits
;
1172 if (create
&& !handle
) {
1173 /* Direct IO write... */
1174 if (max_blocks
> DIO_MAX_BLOCKS
)
1175 max_blocks
= DIO_MAX_BLOCKS
;
1176 dio_credits
= ext4_chunk_trans_blocks(inode
, max_blocks
);
1177 handle
= ext4_journal_start(inode
, dio_credits
);
1178 if (IS_ERR(handle
)) {
1179 ret
= PTR_ERR(handle
);
1185 ret
= ext4_get_blocks_wrap(handle
, inode
, iblock
,
1186 max_blocks
, bh_result
, create
, 0, 0);
1188 bh_result
->b_size
= (ret
<< inode
->i_blkbits
);
1192 ext4_journal_stop(handle
);
1198 * `handle' can be NULL if create is zero
1200 struct buffer_head
*ext4_getblk(handle_t
*handle
, struct inode
*inode
,
1201 ext4_lblk_t block
, int create
, int *errp
)
1203 struct buffer_head dummy
;
1206 J_ASSERT(handle
!= NULL
|| create
== 0);
1209 dummy
.b_blocknr
= -1000;
1210 buffer_trace_init(&dummy
.b_history
);
1211 err
= ext4_get_blocks_wrap(handle
, inode
, block
, 1,
1212 &dummy
, create
, 1, 0);
1214 * ext4_get_blocks_handle() returns number of blocks
1215 * mapped. 0 in case of a HOLE.
1223 if (!err
&& buffer_mapped(&dummy
)) {
1224 struct buffer_head
*bh
;
1225 bh
= sb_getblk(inode
->i_sb
, dummy
.b_blocknr
);
1230 if (buffer_new(&dummy
)) {
1231 J_ASSERT(create
!= 0);
1232 J_ASSERT(handle
!= NULL
);
1235 * Now that we do not always journal data, we should
1236 * keep in mind whether this should always journal the
1237 * new buffer as metadata. For now, regular file
1238 * writes use ext4_get_block instead, so it's not a
1242 BUFFER_TRACE(bh
, "call get_create_access");
1243 fatal
= ext4_journal_get_create_access(handle
, bh
);
1244 if (!fatal
&& !buffer_uptodate(bh
)) {
1245 memset(bh
->b_data
, 0, inode
->i_sb
->s_blocksize
);
1246 set_buffer_uptodate(bh
);
1249 BUFFER_TRACE(bh
, "call ext4_journal_dirty_metadata");
1250 err
= ext4_journal_dirty_metadata(handle
, bh
);
1254 BUFFER_TRACE(bh
, "not a new buffer");
1267 struct buffer_head
*ext4_bread(handle_t
*handle
, struct inode
*inode
,
1268 ext4_lblk_t block
, int create
, int *err
)
1270 struct buffer_head
*bh
;
1272 bh
= ext4_getblk(handle
, inode
, block
, create
, err
);
1275 if (buffer_uptodate(bh
))
1277 ll_rw_block(READ_META
, 1, &bh
);
1279 if (buffer_uptodate(bh
))
1286 static int walk_page_buffers(handle_t
*handle
,
1287 struct buffer_head
*head
,
1291 int (*fn
)(handle_t
*handle
,
1292 struct buffer_head
*bh
))
1294 struct buffer_head
*bh
;
1295 unsigned block_start
, block_end
;
1296 unsigned blocksize
= head
->b_size
;
1298 struct buffer_head
*next
;
1300 for (bh
= head
, block_start
= 0;
1301 ret
== 0 && (bh
!= head
|| !block_start
);
1302 block_start
= block_end
, bh
= next
)
1304 next
= bh
->b_this_page
;
1305 block_end
= block_start
+ blocksize
;
1306 if (block_end
<= from
|| block_start
>= to
) {
1307 if (partial
&& !buffer_uptodate(bh
))
1311 err
= (*fn
)(handle
, bh
);
1319 * To preserve ordering, it is essential that the hole instantiation and
1320 * the data write be encapsulated in a single transaction. We cannot
1321 * close off a transaction and start a new one between the ext4_get_block()
1322 * and the commit_write(). So doing the jbd2_journal_start at the start of
1323 * prepare_write() is the right place.
1325 * Also, this function can nest inside ext4_writepage() ->
1326 * block_write_full_page(). In that case, we *know* that ext4_writepage()
1327 * has generated enough buffer credits to do the whole page. So we won't
1328 * block on the journal in that case, which is good, because the caller may
1331 * By accident, ext4 can be reentered when a transaction is open via
1332 * quota file writes. If we were to commit the transaction while thus
1333 * reentered, there can be a deadlock - we would be holding a quota
1334 * lock, and the commit would never complete if another thread had a
1335 * transaction open and was blocking on the quota lock - a ranking
1338 * So what we do is to rely on the fact that jbd2_journal_stop/journal_start
1339 * will _not_ run commit under these circumstances because handle->h_ref
1340 * is elevated. We'll still have enough credits for the tiny quotafile
1343 static int do_journal_get_write_access(handle_t
*handle
,
1344 struct buffer_head
*bh
)
1346 if (!buffer_mapped(bh
) || buffer_freed(bh
))
1348 return ext4_journal_get_write_access(handle
, bh
);
1351 static int ext4_write_begin(struct file
*file
, struct address_space
*mapping
,
1352 loff_t pos
, unsigned len
, unsigned flags
,
1353 struct page
**pagep
, void **fsdata
)
1355 struct inode
*inode
= mapping
->host
;
1356 int ret
, needed_blocks
= ext4_writepage_trans_blocks(inode
);
1363 index
= pos
>> PAGE_CACHE_SHIFT
;
1364 from
= pos
& (PAGE_CACHE_SIZE
- 1);
1368 handle
= ext4_journal_start(inode
, needed_blocks
);
1369 if (IS_ERR(handle
)) {
1370 ret
= PTR_ERR(handle
);
1374 page
= __grab_cache_page(mapping
, index
);
1376 ext4_journal_stop(handle
);
1382 ret
= block_write_begin(file
, mapping
, pos
, len
, flags
, pagep
, fsdata
,
1385 if (!ret
&& ext4_should_journal_data(inode
)) {
1386 ret
= walk_page_buffers(handle
, page_buffers(page
),
1387 from
, to
, NULL
, do_journal_get_write_access
);
1392 ext4_journal_stop(handle
);
1393 page_cache_release(page
);
1396 if (ret
== -ENOSPC
&& ext4_should_retry_alloc(inode
->i_sb
, &retries
))
1402 /* For write_end() in data=journal mode */
1403 static int write_end_fn(handle_t
*handle
, struct buffer_head
*bh
)
1405 if (!buffer_mapped(bh
) || buffer_freed(bh
))
1407 set_buffer_uptodate(bh
);
1408 return ext4_journal_dirty_metadata(handle
, bh
);
1412 * We need to pick up the new inode size which generic_commit_write gave us
1413 * `file' can be NULL - eg, when called from page_symlink().
1415 * ext4 never places buffers on inode->i_mapping->private_list. metadata
1416 * buffers are managed internally.
1418 static int ext4_ordered_write_end(struct file
*file
,
1419 struct address_space
*mapping
,
1420 loff_t pos
, unsigned len
, unsigned copied
,
1421 struct page
*page
, void *fsdata
)
1423 handle_t
*handle
= ext4_journal_current_handle();
1424 struct inode
*inode
= mapping
->host
;
1427 ret
= ext4_jbd2_file_inode(handle
, inode
);
1431 * generic_write_end() will run mark_inode_dirty() if i_size
1432 * changes. So let's piggyback the i_disksize mark_inode_dirty
1437 new_i_size
= pos
+ copied
;
1438 if (new_i_size
> EXT4_I(inode
)->i_disksize
)
1439 EXT4_I(inode
)->i_disksize
= new_i_size
;
1440 ret2
= generic_write_end(file
, mapping
, pos
, len
, copied
,
1446 ret2
= ext4_journal_stop(handle
);
1450 return ret
? ret
: copied
;
1453 static int ext4_writeback_write_end(struct file
*file
,
1454 struct address_space
*mapping
,
1455 loff_t pos
, unsigned len
, unsigned copied
,
1456 struct page
*page
, void *fsdata
)
1458 handle_t
*handle
= ext4_journal_current_handle();
1459 struct inode
*inode
= mapping
->host
;
1463 new_i_size
= pos
+ copied
;
1464 if (new_i_size
> EXT4_I(inode
)->i_disksize
)
1465 EXT4_I(inode
)->i_disksize
= new_i_size
;
1467 ret2
= generic_write_end(file
, mapping
, pos
, len
, copied
,
1473 ret2
= ext4_journal_stop(handle
);
1477 return ret
? ret
: copied
;
1480 static int ext4_journalled_write_end(struct file
*file
,
1481 struct address_space
*mapping
,
1482 loff_t pos
, unsigned len
, unsigned copied
,
1483 struct page
*page
, void *fsdata
)
1485 handle_t
*handle
= ext4_journal_current_handle();
1486 struct inode
*inode
= mapping
->host
;
1491 from
= pos
& (PAGE_CACHE_SIZE
- 1);
1495 if (!PageUptodate(page
))
1497 page_zero_new_buffers(page
, from
+copied
, to
);
1500 ret
= walk_page_buffers(handle
, page_buffers(page
), from
,
1501 to
, &partial
, write_end_fn
);
1503 SetPageUptodate(page
);
1504 if (pos
+copied
> inode
->i_size
)
1505 i_size_write(inode
, pos
+copied
);
1506 EXT4_I(inode
)->i_state
|= EXT4_STATE_JDATA
;
1507 if (inode
->i_size
> EXT4_I(inode
)->i_disksize
) {
1508 EXT4_I(inode
)->i_disksize
= inode
->i_size
;
1509 ret2
= ext4_mark_inode_dirty(handle
, inode
);
1515 ret2
= ext4_journal_stop(handle
);
1518 page_cache_release(page
);
1520 return ret
? ret
: copied
;
1523 static int ext4_da_reserve_space(struct inode
*inode
, int nrblocks
)
1526 struct ext4_sb_info
*sbi
= EXT4_SB(inode
->i_sb
);
1527 unsigned long md_needed
, mdblocks
, total
= 0;
1530 * recalculate the amount of metadata blocks to reserve
1531 * in order to allocate nrblocks
1532 * worse case is one extent per block
1535 spin_lock(&EXT4_I(inode
)->i_block_reservation_lock
);
1536 total
= EXT4_I(inode
)->i_reserved_data_blocks
+ nrblocks
;
1537 mdblocks
= ext4_calc_metadata_amount(inode
, total
);
1538 BUG_ON(mdblocks
< EXT4_I(inode
)->i_reserved_meta_blocks
);
1540 md_needed
= mdblocks
- EXT4_I(inode
)->i_reserved_meta_blocks
;
1541 total
= md_needed
+ nrblocks
;
1543 if (ext4_claim_free_blocks(sbi
, total
)) {
1544 spin_unlock(&EXT4_I(inode
)->i_block_reservation_lock
);
1545 if (ext4_should_retry_alloc(inode
->i_sb
, &retries
)) {
1551 EXT4_I(inode
)->i_reserved_data_blocks
+= nrblocks
;
1552 EXT4_I(inode
)->i_reserved_meta_blocks
= mdblocks
;
1554 spin_unlock(&EXT4_I(inode
)->i_block_reservation_lock
);
1555 return 0; /* success */
1558 static void ext4_da_release_space(struct inode
*inode
, int to_free
)
1560 struct ext4_sb_info
*sbi
= EXT4_SB(inode
->i_sb
);
1561 int total
, mdb
, mdb_free
, release
;
1564 return; /* Nothing to release, exit */
1566 spin_lock(&EXT4_I(inode
)->i_block_reservation_lock
);
1568 if (!EXT4_I(inode
)->i_reserved_data_blocks
) {
1570 * if there is no reserved blocks, but we try to free some
1571 * then the counter is messed up somewhere.
1572 * but since this function is called from invalidate
1573 * page, it's harmless to return without any action
1575 printk(KERN_INFO
"ext4 delalloc try to release %d reserved "
1576 "blocks for inode %lu, but there is no reserved "
1577 "data blocks\n", to_free
, inode
->i_ino
);
1578 spin_unlock(&EXT4_I(inode
)->i_block_reservation_lock
);
1582 /* recalculate the number of metablocks still need to be reserved */
1583 total
= EXT4_I(inode
)->i_reserved_data_blocks
- to_free
;
1584 mdb
= ext4_calc_metadata_amount(inode
, total
);
1586 /* figure out how many metablocks to release */
1587 BUG_ON(mdb
> EXT4_I(inode
)->i_reserved_meta_blocks
);
1588 mdb_free
= EXT4_I(inode
)->i_reserved_meta_blocks
- mdb
;
1590 release
= to_free
+ mdb_free
;
1592 /* update fs dirty blocks counter for truncate case */
1593 percpu_counter_sub(&sbi
->s_dirtyblocks_counter
, release
);
1595 /* update per-inode reservations */
1596 BUG_ON(to_free
> EXT4_I(inode
)->i_reserved_data_blocks
);
1597 EXT4_I(inode
)->i_reserved_data_blocks
-= to_free
;
1599 BUG_ON(mdb
> EXT4_I(inode
)->i_reserved_meta_blocks
);
1600 EXT4_I(inode
)->i_reserved_meta_blocks
= mdb
;
1601 spin_unlock(&EXT4_I(inode
)->i_block_reservation_lock
);
1604 static void ext4_da_page_release_reservation(struct page
*page
,
1605 unsigned long offset
)
1608 struct buffer_head
*head
, *bh
;
1609 unsigned int curr_off
= 0;
1611 head
= page_buffers(page
);
1614 unsigned int next_off
= curr_off
+ bh
->b_size
;
1616 if ((offset
<= curr_off
) && (buffer_delay(bh
))) {
1618 clear_buffer_delay(bh
);
1620 curr_off
= next_off
;
1621 } while ((bh
= bh
->b_this_page
) != head
);
1622 ext4_da_release_space(page
->mapping
->host
, to_release
);
1626 * Delayed allocation stuff
1629 struct mpage_da_data
{
1630 struct inode
*inode
;
1631 struct buffer_head lbh
; /* extent of blocks */
1632 unsigned long first_page
, next_page
; /* extent of pages */
1633 get_block_t
*get_block
;
1634 struct writeback_control
*wbc
;
1640 * mpage_da_submit_io - walks through extent of pages and try to write
1641 * them with writepage() call back
1643 * @mpd->inode: inode
1644 * @mpd->first_page: first page of the extent
1645 * @mpd->next_page: page after the last page of the extent
1646 * @mpd->get_block: the filesystem's block mapper function
1648 * By the time mpage_da_submit_io() is called we expect all blocks
1649 * to be allocated. this may be wrong if allocation failed.
1651 * As pages are already locked by write_cache_pages(), we can't use it
1653 static int mpage_da_submit_io(struct mpage_da_data
*mpd
)
1655 struct address_space
*mapping
= mpd
->inode
->i_mapping
;
1656 int ret
= 0, err
, nr_pages
, i
;
1657 unsigned long index
, end
;
1658 struct pagevec pvec
;
1660 BUG_ON(mpd
->next_page
<= mpd
->first_page
);
1661 pagevec_init(&pvec
, 0);
1662 index
= mpd
->first_page
;
1663 end
= mpd
->next_page
- 1;
1665 while (index
<= end
) {
1666 /* XXX: optimize tail */
1667 nr_pages
= pagevec_lookup(&pvec
, mapping
, index
, PAGEVEC_SIZE
);
1670 for (i
= 0; i
< nr_pages
; i
++) {
1671 struct page
*page
= pvec
.pages
[i
];
1673 index
= page
->index
;
1678 err
= mapping
->a_ops
->writepage(page
, mpd
->wbc
);
1680 mpd
->pages_written
++;
1682 * In error case, we have to continue because
1683 * remaining pages are still locked
1684 * XXX: unlock and re-dirty them?
1689 pagevec_release(&pvec
);
1695 * mpage_put_bnr_to_bhs - walk blocks and assign them actual numbers
1697 * @mpd->inode - inode to walk through
1698 * @exbh->b_blocknr - first block on a disk
1699 * @exbh->b_size - amount of space in bytes
1700 * @logical - first logical block to start assignment with
1702 * the function goes through all passed space and put actual disk
1703 * block numbers into buffer heads, dropping BH_Delay
1705 static void mpage_put_bnr_to_bhs(struct mpage_da_data
*mpd
, sector_t logical
,
1706 struct buffer_head
*exbh
)
1708 struct inode
*inode
= mpd
->inode
;
1709 struct address_space
*mapping
= inode
->i_mapping
;
1710 int blocks
= exbh
->b_size
>> inode
->i_blkbits
;
1711 sector_t pblock
= exbh
->b_blocknr
, cur_logical
;
1712 struct buffer_head
*head
, *bh
;
1714 struct pagevec pvec
;
1717 index
= logical
>> (PAGE_CACHE_SHIFT
- inode
->i_blkbits
);
1718 end
= (logical
+ blocks
- 1) >> (PAGE_CACHE_SHIFT
- inode
->i_blkbits
);
1719 cur_logical
= index
<< (PAGE_CACHE_SHIFT
- inode
->i_blkbits
);
1721 pagevec_init(&pvec
, 0);
1723 while (index
<= end
) {
1724 /* XXX: optimize tail */
1725 nr_pages
= pagevec_lookup(&pvec
, mapping
, index
, PAGEVEC_SIZE
);
1728 for (i
= 0; i
< nr_pages
; i
++) {
1729 struct page
*page
= pvec
.pages
[i
];
1731 index
= page
->index
;
1736 BUG_ON(!PageLocked(page
));
1737 BUG_ON(PageWriteback(page
));
1738 BUG_ON(!page_has_buffers(page
));
1740 bh
= page_buffers(page
);
1743 /* skip blocks out of the range */
1745 if (cur_logical
>= logical
)
1748 } while ((bh
= bh
->b_this_page
) != head
);
1751 if (cur_logical
>= logical
+ blocks
)
1753 if (buffer_delay(bh
)) {
1754 bh
->b_blocknr
= pblock
;
1755 clear_buffer_delay(bh
);
1756 bh
->b_bdev
= inode
->i_sb
->s_bdev
;
1757 } else if (buffer_unwritten(bh
)) {
1758 bh
->b_blocknr
= pblock
;
1759 clear_buffer_unwritten(bh
);
1760 set_buffer_mapped(bh
);
1762 bh
->b_bdev
= inode
->i_sb
->s_bdev
;
1763 } else if (buffer_mapped(bh
))
1764 BUG_ON(bh
->b_blocknr
!= pblock
);
1768 } while ((bh
= bh
->b_this_page
) != head
);
1770 pagevec_release(&pvec
);
1776 * __unmap_underlying_blocks - just a helper function to unmap
1777 * set of blocks described by @bh
1779 static inline void __unmap_underlying_blocks(struct inode
*inode
,
1780 struct buffer_head
*bh
)
1782 struct block_device
*bdev
= inode
->i_sb
->s_bdev
;
1785 blocks
= bh
->b_size
>> inode
->i_blkbits
;
1786 for (i
= 0; i
< blocks
; i
++)
1787 unmap_underlying_metadata(bdev
, bh
->b_blocknr
+ i
);
1790 static void ext4_da_block_invalidatepages(struct mpage_da_data
*mpd
,
1791 sector_t logical
, long blk_cnt
)
1795 struct pagevec pvec
;
1796 struct inode
*inode
= mpd
->inode
;
1797 struct address_space
*mapping
= inode
->i_mapping
;
1799 index
= logical
>> (PAGE_CACHE_SHIFT
- inode
->i_blkbits
);
1800 end
= (logical
+ blk_cnt
- 1) >>
1801 (PAGE_CACHE_SHIFT
- inode
->i_blkbits
);
1802 while (index
<= end
) {
1803 nr_pages
= pagevec_lookup(&pvec
, mapping
, index
, PAGEVEC_SIZE
);
1806 for (i
= 0; i
< nr_pages
; i
++) {
1807 struct page
*page
= pvec
.pages
[i
];
1808 index
= page
->index
;
1813 BUG_ON(!PageLocked(page
));
1814 BUG_ON(PageWriteback(page
));
1815 block_invalidatepage(page
, 0);
1816 ClearPageUptodate(page
);
1824 * mpage_da_map_blocks - go through given space
1826 * @mpd->lbh - bh describing space
1827 * @mpd->get_block - the filesystem's block mapper function
1829 * The function skips space we know is already mapped to disk blocks.
1832 static int mpage_da_map_blocks(struct mpage_da_data
*mpd
)
1835 struct buffer_head
new;
1836 struct buffer_head
*lbh
= &mpd
->lbh
;
1837 sector_t next
= lbh
->b_blocknr
;
1840 * We consider only non-mapped and non-allocated blocks
1842 if (buffer_mapped(lbh
) && !buffer_delay(lbh
))
1844 new.b_state
= lbh
->b_state
;
1846 new.b_size
= lbh
->b_size
;
1848 * If we didn't accumulate anything
1849 * to write simply return
1853 err
= mpd
->get_block(mpd
->inode
, next
, &new, 1);
1856 /* If get block returns with error
1857 * we simply return. Later writepage
1858 * will redirty the page and writepages
1859 * will find the dirty page again
1864 * get block failure will cause us
1865 * to loop in writepages. Because
1866 * a_ops->writepage won't be able to
1867 * make progress. The page will be redirtied
1868 * by writepage and writepages will again
1869 * try to write the same.
1871 printk(KERN_EMERG
"%s block allocation failed for inode %lu "
1872 "at logical offset %llu with max blocks "
1873 "%zd with error %d\n",
1874 __func__
, mpd
->inode
->i_ino
,
1875 (unsigned long long)next
,
1876 lbh
->b_size
>> mpd
->inode
->i_blkbits
, err
);
1877 printk(KERN_EMERG
"This should not happen.!! "
1878 "Data will be lost\n");
1879 if (err
== -ENOSPC
) {
1880 printk(KERN_CRIT
"Total free blocks count %lld\n",
1881 ext4_count_free_blocks(mpd
->inode
->i_sb
));
1883 /* invlaidate all the pages */
1884 ext4_da_block_invalidatepages(mpd
, next
,
1885 lbh
->b_size
>> mpd
->inode
->i_blkbits
);
1888 BUG_ON(new.b_size
== 0);
1890 if (buffer_new(&new))
1891 __unmap_underlying_blocks(mpd
->inode
, &new);
1894 * If blocks are delayed marked, we need to
1895 * put actual blocknr and drop delayed bit
1897 if (buffer_delay(lbh
) || buffer_unwritten(lbh
))
1898 mpage_put_bnr_to_bhs(mpd
, next
, &new);
1903 #define BH_FLAGS ((1 << BH_Uptodate) | (1 << BH_Mapped) | \
1904 (1 << BH_Delay) | (1 << BH_Unwritten))
1907 * mpage_add_bh_to_extent - try to add one more block to extent of blocks
1909 * @mpd->lbh - extent of blocks
1910 * @logical - logical number of the block in the file
1911 * @bh - bh of the block (used to access block's state)
1913 * the function is used to collect contig. blocks in same state
1915 static void mpage_add_bh_to_extent(struct mpage_da_data
*mpd
,
1916 sector_t logical
, struct buffer_head
*bh
)
1919 size_t b_size
= bh
->b_size
;
1920 struct buffer_head
*lbh
= &mpd
->lbh
;
1921 int nrblocks
= lbh
->b_size
>> mpd
->inode
->i_blkbits
;
1923 /* check if thereserved journal credits might overflow */
1924 if (!(EXT4_I(mpd
->inode
)->i_flags
& EXT4_EXTENTS_FL
)) {
1925 if (nrblocks
>= EXT4_MAX_TRANS_DATA
) {
1927 * With non-extent format we are limited by the journal
1928 * credit available. Total credit needed to insert
1929 * nrblocks contiguous blocks is dependent on the
1930 * nrblocks. So limit nrblocks.
1933 } else if ((nrblocks
+ (b_size
>> mpd
->inode
->i_blkbits
)) >
1934 EXT4_MAX_TRANS_DATA
) {
1936 * Adding the new buffer_head would make it cross the
1937 * allowed limit for which we have journal credit
1938 * reserved. So limit the new bh->b_size
1940 b_size
= (EXT4_MAX_TRANS_DATA
- nrblocks
) <<
1941 mpd
->inode
->i_blkbits
;
1942 /* we will do mpage_da_submit_io in the next loop */
1946 * First block in the extent
1948 if (lbh
->b_size
== 0) {
1949 lbh
->b_blocknr
= logical
;
1950 lbh
->b_size
= b_size
;
1951 lbh
->b_state
= bh
->b_state
& BH_FLAGS
;
1955 next
= lbh
->b_blocknr
+ nrblocks
;
1957 * Can we merge the block to our big extent?
1959 if (logical
== next
&& (bh
->b_state
& BH_FLAGS
) == lbh
->b_state
) {
1960 lbh
->b_size
+= b_size
;
1966 * We couldn't merge the block to our extent, so we
1967 * need to flush current extent and start new one
1969 if (mpage_da_map_blocks(mpd
) == 0)
1970 mpage_da_submit_io(mpd
);
1976 * __mpage_da_writepage - finds extent of pages and blocks
1978 * @page: page to consider
1979 * @wbc: not used, we just follow rules
1982 * The function finds extents of pages and scan them for all blocks.
1984 static int __mpage_da_writepage(struct page
*page
,
1985 struct writeback_control
*wbc
, void *data
)
1987 struct mpage_da_data
*mpd
= data
;
1988 struct inode
*inode
= mpd
->inode
;
1989 struct buffer_head
*bh
, *head
, fake
;
1994 * Rest of the page in the page_vec
1995 * redirty then and skip then. We will
1996 * try to to write them again after
1997 * starting a new transaction
1999 redirty_page_for_writepage(wbc
, page
);
2001 return MPAGE_DA_EXTENT_TAIL
;
2004 * Can we merge this page to current extent?
2006 if (mpd
->next_page
!= page
->index
) {
2008 * Nope, we can't. So, we map non-allocated blocks
2009 * and start IO on them using writepage()
2011 if (mpd
->next_page
!= mpd
->first_page
) {
2012 if (mpage_da_map_blocks(mpd
) == 0)
2013 mpage_da_submit_io(mpd
);
2015 * skip rest of the page in the page_vec
2018 redirty_page_for_writepage(wbc
, page
);
2020 return MPAGE_DA_EXTENT_TAIL
;
2024 * Start next extent of pages ...
2026 mpd
->first_page
= page
->index
;
2031 mpd
->lbh
.b_size
= 0;
2032 mpd
->lbh
.b_state
= 0;
2033 mpd
->lbh
.b_blocknr
= 0;
2036 mpd
->next_page
= page
->index
+ 1;
2037 logical
= (sector_t
) page
->index
<<
2038 (PAGE_CACHE_SHIFT
- inode
->i_blkbits
);
2040 if (!page_has_buffers(page
)) {
2042 * There is no attached buffer heads yet (mmap?)
2043 * we treat the page asfull of dirty blocks
2046 bh
->b_size
= PAGE_CACHE_SIZE
;
2048 set_buffer_dirty(bh
);
2049 set_buffer_uptodate(bh
);
2050 mpage_add_bh_to_extent(mpd
, logical
, bh
);
2052 return MPAGE_DA_EXTENT_TAIL
;
2055 * Page with regular buffer heads, just add all dirty ones
2057 head
= page_buffers(page
);
2060 BUG_ON(buffer_locked(bh
));
2061 if (buffer_dirty(bh
) &&
2062 (!buffer_mapped(bh
) || buffer_delay(bh
))) {
2063 mpage_add_bh_to_extent(mpd
, logical
, bh
);
2065 return MPAGE_DA_EXTENT_TAIL
;
2068 } while ((bh
= bh
->b_this_page
) != head
);
2075 * mpage_da_writepages - walk the list of dirty pages of the given
2076 * address space, allocates non-allocated blocks, maps newly-allocated
2077 * blocks to existing bhs and issue IO them
2079 * @mapping: address space structure to write
2080 * @wbc: subtract the number of written pages from *@wbc->nr_to_write
2081 * @get_block: the filesystem's block mapper function.
2083 * This is a library function, which implements the writepages()
2084 * address_space_operation.
2086 static int mpage_da_writepages(struct address_space
*mapping
,
2087 struct writeback_control
*wbc
,
2088 get_block_t get_block
)
2090 struct mpage_da_data mpd
;
2095 return generic_writepages(mapping
, wbc
);
2098 mpd
.inode
= mapping
->host
;
2100 mpd
.lbh
.b_state
= 0;
2101 mpd
.lbh
.b_blocknr
= 0;
2104 mpd
.get_block
= get_block
;
2106 mpd
.pages_written
= 0;
2108 to_write
= wbc
->nr_to_write
;
2110 ret
= write_cache_pages(mapping
, wbc
, __mpage_da_writepage
, &mpd
);
2113 * Handle last extent of pages
2115 if (!mpd
.io_done
&& mpd
.next_page
!= mpd
.first_page
) {
2116 if (mpage_da_map_blocks(&mpd
) == 0)
2117 mpage_da_submit_io(&mpd
);
2120 wbc
->nr_to_write
= to_write
- mpd
.pages_written
;
2125 * this is a special callback for ->write_begin() only
2126 * it's intention is to return mapped block or reserve space
2128 static int ext4_da_get_block_prep(struct inode
*inode
, sector_t iblock
,
2129 struct buffer_head
*bh_result
, int create
)
2133 BUG_ON(create
== 0);
2134 BUG_ON(bh_result
->b_size
!= inode
->i_sb
->s_blocksize
);
2137 * first, we need to know whether the block is allocated already
2138 * preallocated blocks are unmapped but should treated
2139 * the same as allocated blocks.
2141 ret
= ext4_get_blocks_wrap(NULL
, inode
, iblock
, 1, bh_result
, 0, 0, 0);
2142 if ((ret
== 0) && !buffer_delay(bh_result
)) {
2143 /* the block isn't (pre)allocated yet, let's reserve space */
2145 * XXX: __block_prepare_write() unmaps passed block,
2148 ret
= ext4_da_reserve_space(inode
, 1);
2150 /* not enough space to reserve */
2153 map_bh(bh_result
, inode
->i_sb
, 0);
2154 set_buffer_new(bh_result
);
2155 set_buffer_delay(bh_result
);
2156 } else if (ret
> 0) {
2157 bh_result
->b_size
= (ret
<< inode
->i_blkbits
);
2163 #define EXT4_DELALLOC_RSVED 1
2164 static int ext4_da_get_block_write(struct inode
*inode
, sector_t iblock
,
2165 struct buffer_head
*bh_result
, int create
)
2168 unsigned max_blocks
= bh_result
->b_size
>> inode
->i_blkbits
;
2169 loff_t disksize
= EXT4_I(inode
)->i_disksize
;
2170 handle_t
*handle
= NULL
;
2172 handle
= ext4_journal_current_handle();
2174 ret
= ext4_get_blocks_wrap(handle
, inode
, iblock
, max_blocks
,
2175 bh_result
, create
, 0, EXT4_DELALLOC_RSVED
);
2178 bh_result
->b_size
= (ret
<< inode
->i_blkbits
);
2180 if (ext4_should_order_data(inode
)) {
2182 retval
= ext4_jbd2_file_inode(handle
, inode
);
2185 * Failed to add inode for ordered
2186 * mode. Don't update file size
2192 * Update on-disk size along with block allocation
2193 * we don't use 'extend_disksize' as size may change
2194 * within already allocated block -bzzz
2196 disksize
= ((loff_t
) iblock
+ ret
) << inode
->i_blkbits
;
2197 if (disksize
> i_size_read(inode
))
2198 disksize
= i_size_read(inode
);
2199 if (disksize
> EXT4_I(inode
)->i_disksize
) {
2201 * XXX: replace with spinlock if seen contended -bzzz
2203 down_write(&EXT4_I(inode
)->i_data_sem
);
2204 if (disksize
> EXT4_I(inode
)->i_disksize
)
2205 EXT4_I(inode
)->i_disksize
= disksize
;
2206 up_write(&EXT4_I(inode
)->i_data_sem
);
2208 if (EXT4_I(inode
)->i_disksize
== disksize
) {
2209 ret
= ext4_mark_inode_dirty(handle
, inode
);
2218 static int ext4_bh_unmapped_or_delay(handle_t
*handle
, struct buffer_head
*bh
)
2221 * unmapped buffer is possible for holes.
2222 * delay buffer is possible with delayed allocation
2224 return ((!buffer_mapped(bh
) || buffer_delay(bh
)) && buffer_dirty(bh
));
2227 static int ext4_normal_get_block_write(struct inode
*inode
, sector_t iblock
,
2228 struct buffer_head
*bh_result
, int create
)
2231 unsigned max_blocks
= bh_result
->b_size
>> inode
->i_blkbits
;
2234 * we don't want to do block allocation in writepage
2235 * so call get_block_wrap with create = 0
2237 ret
= ext4_get_blocks_wrap(NULL
, inode
, iblock
, max_blocks
,
2238 bh_result
, 0, 0, 0);
2240 bh_result
->b_size
= (ret
<< inode
->i_blkbits
);
2247 * get called vi ext4_da_writepages after taking page lock (have journal handle)
2248 * get called via journal_submit_inode_data_buffers (no journal handle)
2249 * get called via shrink_page_list via pdflush (no journal handle)
2250 * or grab_page_cache when doing write_begin (have journal handle)
2252 static int ext4_da_writepage(struct page
*page
,
2253 struct writeback_control
*wbc
)
2258 struct buffer_head
*page_bufs
;
2259 struct inode
*inode
= page
->mapping
->host
;
2261 size
= i_size_read(inode
);
2262 if (page
->index
== size
>> PAGE_CACHE_SHIFT
)
2263 len
= size
& ~PAGE_CACHE_MASK
;
2265 len
= PAGE_CACHE_SIZE
;
2267 if (page_has_buffers(page
)) {
2268 page_bufs
= page_buffers(page
);
2269 if (walk_page_buffers(NULL
, page_bufs
, 0, len
, NULL
,
2270 ext4_bh_unmapped_or_delay
)) {
2272 * We don't want to do block allocation
2273 * So redirty the page and return
2274 * We may reach here when we do a journal commit
2275 * via journal_submit_inode_data_buffers.
2276 * If we don't have mapping block we just ignore
2277 * them. We can also reach here via shrink_page_list
2279 redirty_page_for_writepage(wbc
, page
);
2285 * The test for page_has_buffers() is subtle:
2286 * We know the page is dirty but it lost buffers. That means
2287 * that at some moment in time after write_begin()/write_end()
2288 * has been called all buffers have been clean and thus they
2289 * must have been written at least once. So they are all
2290 * mapped and we can happily proceed with mapping them
2291 * and writing the page.
2293 * Try to initialize the buffer_heads and check whether
2294 * all are mapped and non delay. We don't want to
2295 * do block allocation here.
2297 ret
= block_prepare_write(page
, 0, PAGE_CACHE_SIZE
,
2298 ext4_normal_get_block_write
);
2300 page_bufs
= page_buffers(page
);
2301 /* check whether all are mapped and non delay */
2302 if (walk_page_buffers(NULL
, page_bufs
, 0, len
, NULL
,
2303 ext4_bh_unmapped_or_delay
)) {
2304 redirty_page_for_writepage(wbc
, page
);
2310 * We can't do block allocation here
2311 * so just redity the page and unlock
2314 redirty_page_for_writepage(wbc
, page
);
2320 if (test_opt(inode
->i_sb
, NOBH
) && ext4_should_writeback_data(inode
))
2321 ret
= nobh_writepage(page
, ext4_normal_get_block_write
, wbc
);
2323 ret
= block_write_full_page(page
,
2324 ext4_normal_get_block_write
,
2331 * This is called via ext4_da_writepages() to
2332 * calulate the total number of credits to reserve to fit
2333 * a single extent allocation into a single transaction,
2334 * ext4_da_writpeages() will loop calling this before
2335 * the block allocation.
2338 static int ext4_da_writepages_trans_blocks(struct inode
*inode
)
2340 int max_blocks
= EXT4_I(inode
)->i_reserved_data_blocks
;
2343 * With non-extent format the journal credit needed to
2344 * insert nrblocks contiguous block is dependent on
2345 * number of contiguous block. So we will limit
2346 * number of contiguous block to a sane value
2348 if (!(inode
->i_flags
& EXT4_EXTENTS_FL
) &&
2349 (max_blocks
> EXT4_MAX_TRANS_DATA
))
2350 max_blocks
= EXT4_MAX_TRANS_DATA
;
2352 return ext4_chunk_trans_blocks(inode
, max_blocks
);
2355 static int ext4_da_writepages(struct address_space
*mapping
,
2356 struct writeback_control
*wbc
)
2358 handle_t
*handle
= NULL
;
2359 loff_t range_start
= 0;
2360 struct inode
*inode
= mapping
->host
;
2361 int needed_blocks
, ret
= 0, nr_to_writebump
= 0;
2362 long to_write
, pages_skipped
= 0;
2363 struct ext4_sb_info
*sbi
= EXT4_SB(mapping
->host
->i_sb
);
2366 * No pages to write? This is mainly a kludge to avoid starting
2367 * a transaction for special inodes like journal inode on last iput()
2368 * because that could violate lock ordering on umount
2370 if (!mapping
->nrpages
|| !mapping_tagged(mapping
, PAGECACHE_TAG_DIRTY
))
2373 * Make sure nr_to_write is >= sbi->s_mb_stream_request
2374 * This make sure small files blocks are allocated in
2375 * single attempt. This ensure that small files
2376 * get less fragmented.
2378 if (wbc
->nr_to_write
< sbi
->s_mb_stream_request
) {
2379 nr_to_writebump
= sbi
->s_mb_stream_request
- wbc
->nr_to_write
;
2380 wbc
->nr_to_write
= sbi
->s_mb_stream_request
;
2383 if (!wbc
->range_cyclic
)
2385 * If range_cyclic is not set force range_cont
2386 * and save the old writeback_index
2388 wbc
->range_cont
= 1;
2390 range_start
= wbc
->range_start
;
2391 pages_skipped
= wbc
->pages_skipped
;
2394 to_write
= wbc
->nr_to_write
;
2395 while (!ret
&& to_write
> 0) {
2398 * we insert one extent at a time. So we need
2399 * credit needed for single extent allocation.
2400 * journalled mode is currently not supported
2403 BUG_ON(ext4_should_journal_data(inode
));
2404 needed_blocks
= ext4_da_writepages_trans_blocks(inode
);
2406 /* start a new transaction*/
2407 handle
= ext4_journal_start(inode
, needed_blocks
);
2408 if (IS_ERR(handle
)) {
2409 ret
= PTR_ERR(handle
);
2410 printk(KERN_EMERG
"%s: jbd2_start: "
2411 "%ld pages, ino %lu; err %d\n", __func__
,
2412 wbc
->nr_to_write
, inode
->i_ino
, ret
);
2414 goto out_writepages
;
2417 to_write
-= wbc
->nr_to_write
;
2418 ret
= mpage_da_writepages(mapping
, wbc
,
2419 ext4_da_get_block_write
);
2420 ext4_journal_stop(handle
);
2421 if (ret
== MPAGE_DA_EXTENT_TAIL
) {
2423 * got one extent now try with
2426 to_write
+= wbc
->nr_to_write
;
2428 } else if (wbc
->nr_to_write
) {
2430 * There is no more writeout needed
2431 * or we requested for a noblocking writeout
2432 * and we found the device congested
2434 to_write
+= wbc
->nr_to_write
;
2437 wbc
->nr_to_write
= to_write
;
2440 if (wbc
->range_cont
&& (pages_skipped
!= wbc
->pages_skipped
)) {
2441 /* We skipped pages in this loop */
2442 wbc
->range_start
= range_start
;
2443 wbc
->nr_to_write
= to_write
+
2444 wbc
->pages_skipped
- pages_skipped
;
2445 wbc
->pages_skipped
= pages_skipped
;
2450 wbc
->nr_to_write
= to_write
- nr_to_writebump
;
2451 wbc
->range_start
= range_start
;
2455 #define FALL_BACK_TO_NONDELALLOC 1
2456 static int ext4_nonda_switch(struct super_block
*sb
)
2458 s64 free_blocks
, dirty_blocks
;
2459 struct ext4_sb_info
*sbi
= EXT4_SB(sb
);
2462 * switch to non delalloc mode if we are running low
2463 * on free block. The free block accounting via percpu
2464 * counters can get slightly wrong with FBC_BATCH getting
2465 * accumulated on each CPU without updating global counters
2466 * Delalloc need an accurate free block accounting. So switch
2467 * to non delalloc when we are near to error range.
2469 free_blocks
= percpu_counter_read_positive(&sbi
->s_freeblocks_counter
);
2470 dirty_blocks
= percpu_counter_read_positive(&sbi
->s_dirtyblocks_counter
);
2471 if (2 * free_blocks
< 3 * dirty_blocks
||
2472 free_blocks
< (dirty_blocks
+ EXT4_FREEBLOCKS_WATERMARK
)) {
2474 * free block count is less that 150% of dirty blocks
2475 * or free blocks is less that watermark
2482 static int ext4_da_write_begin(struct file
*file
, struct address_space
*mapping
,
2483 loff_t pos
, unsigned len
, unsigned flags
,
2484 struct page
**pagep
, void **fsdata
)
2486 int ret
, retries
= 0;
2490 struct inode
*inode
= mapping
->host
;
2493 index
= pos
>> PAGE_CACHE_SHIFT
;
2494 from
= pos
& (PAGE_CACHE_SIZE
- 1);
2497 if (ext4_nonda_switch(inode
->i_sb
)) {
2498 *fsdata
= (void *)FALL_BACK_TO_NONDELALLOC
;
2499 return ext4_write_begin(file
, mapping
, pos
,
2500 len
, flags
, pagep
, fsdata
);
2502 *fsdata
= (void *)0;
2505 * With delayed allocation, we don't log the i_disksize update
2506 * if there is delayed block allocation. But we still need
2507 * to journalling the i_disksize update if writes to the end
2508 * of file which has an already mapped buffer.
2510 handle
= ext4_journal_start(inode
, 1);
2511 if (IS_ERR(handle
)) {
2512 ret
= PTR_ERR(handle
);
2516 page
= __grab_cache_page(mapping
, index
);
2518 ext4_journal_stop(handle
);
2524 ret
= block_write_begin(file
, mapping
, pos
, len
, flags
, pagep
, fsdata
,
2525 ext4_da_get_block_prep
);
2528 ext4_journal_stop(handle
);
2529 page_cache_release(page
);
2532 if (ret
== -ENOSPC
&& ext4_should_retry_alloc(inode
->i_sb
, &retries
))
2539 * Check if we should update i_disksize
2540 * when write to the end of file but not require block allocation
2542 static int ext4_da_should_update_i_disksize(struct page
*page
,
2543 unsigned long offset
)
2545 struct buffer_head
*bh
;
2546 struct inode
*inode
= page
->mapping
->host
;
2550 bh
= page_buffers(page
);
2551 idx
= offset
>> inode
->i_blkbits
;
2553 for (i
= 0; i
< idx
; i
++)
2554 bh
= bh
->b_this_page
;
2556 if (!buffer_mapped(bh
) || (buffer_delay(bh
)))
2561 static int ext4_da_write_end(struct file
*file
,
2562 struct address_space
*mapping
,
2563 loff_t pos
, unsigned len
, unsigned copied
,
2564 struct page
*page
, void *fsdata
)
2566 struct inode
*inode
= mapping
->host
;
2568 handle_t
*handle
= ext4_journal_current_handle();
2570 unsigned long start
, end
;
2571 int write_mode
= (int)(unsigned long)fsdata
;
2573 if (write_mode
== FALL_BACK_TO_NONDELALLOC
) {
2574 if (ext4_should_order_data(inode
)) {
2575 return ext4_ordered_write_end(file
, mapping
, pos
,
2576 len
, copied
, page
, fsdata
);
2577 } else if (ext4_should_writeback_data(inode
)) {
2578 return ext4_writeback_write_end(file
, mapping
, pos
,
2579 len
, copied
, page
, fsdata
);
2585 start
= pos
& (PAGE_CACHE_SIZE
- 1);
2586 end
= start
+ copied
- 1;
2589 * generic_write_end() will run mark_inode_dirty() if i_size
2590 * changes. So let's piggyback the i_disksize mark_inode_dirty
2594 new_i_size
= pos
+ copied
;
2595 if (new_i_size
> EXT4_I(inode
)->i_disksize
) {
2596 if (ext4_da_should_update_i_disksize(page
, end
)) {
2597 down_write(&EXT4_I(inode
)->i_data_sem
);
2598 if (new_i_size
> EXT4_I(inode
)->i_disksize
) {
2600 * Updating i_disksize when extending file
2601 * without needing block allocation
2603 if (ext4_should_order_data(inode
))
2604 ret
= ext4_jbd2_file_inode(handle
,
2607 EXT4_I(inode
)->i_disksize
= new_i_size
;
2609 up_write(&EXT4_I(inode
)->i_data_sem
);
2612 ret2
= generic_write_end(file
, mapping
, pos
, len
, copied
,
2617 ret2
= ext4_journal_stop(handle
);
2621 return ret
? ret
: copied
;
2624 static void ext4_da_invalidatepage(struct page
*page
, unsigned long offset
)
2627 * Drop reserved blocks
2629 BUG_ON(!PageLocked(page
));
2630 if (!page_has_buffers(page
))
2633 ext4_da_page_release_reservation(page
, offset
);
2636 ext4_invalidatepage(page
, offset
);
2643 * bmap() is special. It gets used by applications such as lilo and by
2644 * the swapper to find the on-disk block of a specific piece of data.
2646 * Naturally, this is dangerous if the block concerned is still in the
2647 * journal. If somebody makes a swapfile on an ext4 data-journaling
2648 * filesystem and enables swap, then they may get a nasty shock when the
2649 * data getting swapped to that swapfile suddenly gets overwritten by
2650 * the original zero's written out previously to the journal and
2651 * awaiting writeback in the kernel's buffer cache.
2653 * So, if we see any bmap calls here on a modified, data-journaled file,
2654 * take extra steps to flush any blocks which might be in the cache.
2656 static sector_t
ext4_bmap(struct address_space
*mapping
, sector_t block
)
2658 struct inode
*inode
= mapping
->host
;
2662 if (mapping_tagged(mapping
, PAGECACHE_TAG_DIRTY
) &&
2663 test_opt(inode
->i_sb
, DELALLOC
)) {
2665 * With delalloc we want to sync the file
2666 * so that we can make sure we allocate
2669 filemap_write_and_wait(mapping
);
2672 if (EXT4_I(inode
)->i_state
& EXT4_STATE_JDATA
) {
2674 * This is a REALLY heavyweight approach, but the use of
2675 * bmap on dirty files is expected to be extremely rare:
2676 * only if we run lilo or swapon on a freshly made file
2677 * do we expect this to happen.
2679 * (bmap requires CAP_SYS_RAWIO so this does not
2680 * represent an unprivileged user DOS attack --- we'd be
2681 * in trouble if mortal users could trigger this path at
2684 * NB. EXT4_STATE_JDATA is not set on files other than
2685 * regular files. If somebody wants to bmap a directory
2686 * or symlink and gets confused because the buffer
2687 * hasn't yet been flushed to disk, they deserve
2688 * everything they get.
2691 EXT4_I(inode
)->i_state
&= ~EXT4_STATE_JDATA
;
2692 journal
= EXT4_JOURNAL(inode
);
2693 jbd2_journal_lock_updates(journal
);
2694 err
= jbd2_journal_flush(journal
);
2695 jbd2_journal_unlock_updates(journal
);
2701 return generic_block_bmap(mapping
, block
, ext4_get_block
);
2704 static int bget_one(handle_t
*handle
, struct buffer_head
*bh
)
2710 static int bput_one(handle_t
*handle
, struct buffer_head
*bh
)
2717 * Note that we don't need to start a transaction unless we're journaling data
2718 * because we should have holes filled from ext4_page_mkwrite(). We even don't
2719 * need to file the inode to the transaction's list in ordered mode because if
2720 * we are writing back data added by write(), the inode is already there and if
2721 * we are writing back data modified via mmap(), noone guarantees in which
2722 * transaction the data will hit the disk. In case we are journaling data, we
2723 * cannot start transaction directly because transaction start ranks above page
2724 * lock so we have to do some magic.
2726 * In all journaling modes block_write_full_page() will start the I/O.
2730 * ext4_writepage() -> kmalloc() -> __alloc_pages() -> page_launder() ->
2735 * ext4_file_write() -> generic_file_write() -> __alloc_pages() -> ...
2737 * Same applies to ext4_get_block(). We will deadlock on various things like
2738 * lock_journal and i_data_sem
2740 * Setting PF_MEMALLOC here doesn't work - too many internal memory
2743 * 16May01: If we're reentered then journal_current_handle() will be
2744 * non-zero. We simply *return*.
2746 * 1 July 2001: @@@ FIXME:
2747 * In journalled data mode, a data buffer may be metadata against the
2748 * current transaction. But the same file is part of a shared mapping
2749 * and someone does a writepage() on it.
2751 * We will move the buffer onto the async_data list, but *after* it has
2752 * been dirtied. So there's a small window where we have dirty data on
2755 * Note that this only applies to the last partial page in the file. The
2756 * bit which block_write_full_page() uses prepare/commit for. (That's
2757 * broken code anyway: it's wrong for msync()).
2759 * It's a rare case: affects the final partial page, for journalled data
2760 * where the file is subject to bith write() and writepage() in the same
2761 * transction. To fix it we'll need a custom block_write_full_page().
2762 * We'll probably need that anyway for journalling writepage() output.
2764 * We don't honour synchronous mounts for writepage(). That would be
2765 * disastrous. Any write() or metadata operation will sync the fs for
2769 static int __ext4_normal_writepage(struct page
*page
,
2770 struct writeback_control
*wbc
)
2772 struct inode
*inode
= page
->mapping
->host
;
2774 if (test_opt(inode
->i_sb
, NOBH
))
2775 return nobh_writepage(page
,
2776 ext4_normal_get_block_write
, wbc
);
2778 return block_write_full_page(page
,
2779 ext4_normal_get_block_write
,
2783 static int ext4_normal_writepage(struct page
*page
,
2784 struct writeback_control
*wbc
)
2786 struct inode
*inode
= page
->mapping
->host
;
2787 loff_t size
= i_size_read(inode
);
2790 J_ASSERT(PageLocked(page
));
2791 if (page
->index
== size
>> PAGE_CACHE_SHIFT
)
2792 len
= size
& ~PAGE_CACHE_MASK
;
2794 len
= PAGE_CACHE_SIZE
;
2796 if (page_has_buffers(page
)) {
2797 /* if page has buffers it should all be mapped
2798 * and allocated. If there are not buffers attached
2799 * to the page we know the page is dirty but it lost
2800 * buffers. That means that at some moment in time
2801 * after write_begin() / write_end() has been called
2802 * all buffers have been clean and thus they must have been
2803 * written at least once. So they are all mapped and we can
2804 * happily proceed with mapping them and writing the page.
2806 BUG_ON(walk_page_buffers(NULL
, page_buffers(page
), 0, len
, NULL
,
2807 ext4_bh_unmapped_or_delay
));
2810 if (!ext4_journal_current_handle())
2811 return __ext4_normal_writepage(page
, wbc
);
2813 redirty_page_for_writepage(wbc
, page
);
2818 static int __ext4_journalled_writepage(struct page
*page
,
2819 struct writeback_control
*wbc
)
2821 struct address_space
*mapping
= page
->mapping
;
2822 struct inode
*inode
= mapping
->host
;
2823 struct buffer_head
*page_bufs
;
2824 handle_t
*handle
= NULL
;
2828 ret
= block_prepare_write(page
, 0, PAGE_CACHE_SIZE
,
2829 ext4_normal_get_block_write
);
2833 page_bufs
= page_buffers(page
);
2834 walk_page_buffers(handle
, page_bufs
, 0, PAGE_CACHE_SIZE
, NULL
,
2836 /* As soon as we unlock the page, it can go away, but we have
2837 * references to buffers so we are safe */
2840 handle
= ext4_journal_start(inode
, ext4_writepage_trans_blocks(inode
));
2841 if (IS_ERR(handle
)) {
2842 ret
= PTR_ERR(handle
);
2846 ret
= walk_page_buffers(handle
, page_bufs
, 0,
2847 PAGE_CACHE_SIZE
, NULL
, do_journal_get_write_access
);
2849 err
= walk_page_buffers(handle
, page_bufs
, 0,
2850 PAGE_CACHE_SIZE
, NULL
, write_end_fn
);
2853 err
= ext4_journal_stop(handle
);
2857 walk_page_buffers(handle
, page_bufs
, 0,
2858 PAGE_CACHE_SIZE
, NULL
, bput_one
);
2859 EXT4_I(inode
)->i_state
|= EXT4_STATE_JDATA
;
2868 static int ext4_journalled_writepage(struct page
*page
,
2869 struct writeback_control
*wbc
)
2871 struct inode
*inode
= page
->mapping
->host
;
2872 loff_t size
= i_size_read(inode
);
2875 J_ASSERT(PageLocked(page
));
2876 if (page
->index
== size
>> PAGE_CACHE_SHIFT
)
2877 len
= size
& ~PAGE_CACHE_MASK
;
2879 len
= PAGE_CACHE_SIZE
;
2881 if (page_has_buffers(page
)) {
2882 /* if page has buffers it should all be mapped
2883 * and allocated. If there are not buffers attached
2884 * to the page we know the page is dirty but it lost
2885 * buffers. That means that at some moment in time
2886 * after write_begin() / write_end() has been called
2887 * all buffers have been clean and thus they must have been
2888 * written at least once. So they are all mapped and we can
2889 * happily proceed with mapping them and writing the page.
2891 BUG_ON(walk_page_buffers(NULL
, page_buffers(page
), 0, len
, NULL
,
2892 ext4_bh_unmapped_or_delay
));
2895 if (ext4_journal_current_handle())
2898 if (PageChecked(page
)) {
2900 * It's mmapped pagecache. Add buffers and journal it. There
2901 * doesn't seem much point in redirtying the page here.
2903 ClearPageChecked(page
);
2904 return __ext4_journalled_writepage(page
, wbc
);
2907 * It may be a page full of checkpoint-mode buffers. We don't
2908 * really know unless we go poke around in the buffer_heads.
2909 * But block_write_full_page will do the right thing.
2911 return block_write_full_page(page
,
2912 ext4_normal_get_block_write
,
2916 redirty_page_for_writepage(wbc
, page
);
2921 static int ext4_readpage(struct file
*file
, struct page
*page
)
2923 return mpage_readpage(page
, ext4_get_block
);
2927 ext4_readpages(struct file
*file
, struct address_space
*mapping
,
2928 struct list_head
*pages
, unsigned nr_pages
)
2930 return mpage_readpages(mapping
, pages
, nr_pages
, ext4_get_block
);
2933 static void ext4_invalidatepage(struct page
*page
, unsigned long offset
)
2935 journal_t
*journal
= EXT4_JOURNAL(page
->mapping
->host
);
2938 * If it's a full truncate we just forget about the pending dirtying
2941 ClearPageChecked(page
);
2943 jbd2_journal_invalidatepage(journal
, page
, offset
);
2946 static int ext4_releasepage(struct page
*page
, gfp_t wait
)
2948 journal_t
*journal
= EXT4_JOURNAL(page
->mapping
->host
);
2950 WARN_ON(PageChecked(page
));
2951 if (!page_has_buffers(page
))
2953 return jbd2_journal_try_to_free_buffers(journal
, page
, wait
);
2957 * If the O_DIRECT write will extend the file then add this inode to the
2958 * orphan list. So recovery will truncate it back to the original size
2959 * if the machine crashes during the write.
2961 * If the O_DIRECT write is intantiating holes inside i_size and the machine
2962 * crashes then stale disk data _may_ be exposed inside the file. But current
2963 * VFS code falls back into buffered path in that case so we are safe.
2965 static ssize_t
ext4_direct_IO(int rw
, struct kiocb
*iocb
,
2966 const struct iovec
*iov
, loff_t offset
,
2967 unsigned long nr_segs
)
2969 struct file
*file
= iocb
->ki_filp
;
2970 struct inode
*inode
= file
->f_mapping
->host
;
2971 struct ext4_inode_info
*ei
= EXT4_I(inode
);
2975 size_t count
= iov_length(iov
, nr_segs
);
2978 loff_t final_size
= offset
+ count
;
2980 if (final_size
> inode
->i_size
) {
2981 /* Credits for sb + inode write */
2982 handle
= ext4_journal_start(inode
, 2);
2983 if (IS_ERR(handle
)) {
2984 ret
= PTR_ERR(handle
);
2987 ret
= ext4_orphan_add(handle
, inode
);
2989 ext4_journal_stop(handle
);
2993 ei
->i_disksize
= inode
->i_size
;
2994 ext4_journal_stop(handle
);
2998 ret
= blockdev_direct_IO(rw
, iocb
, inode
, inode
->i_sb
->s_bdev
, iov
,
3000 ext4_get_block
, NULL
);
3005 /* Credits for sb + inode write */
3006 handle
= ext4_journal_start(inode
, 2);
3007 if (IS_ERR(handle
)) {
3008 /* This is really bad luck. We've written the data
3009 * but cannot extend i_size. Bail out and pretend
3010 * the write failed... */
3011 ret
= PTR_ERR(handle
);
3015 ext4_orphan_del(handle
, inode
);
3017 loff_t end
= offset
+ ret
;
3018 if (end
> inode
->i_size
) {
3019 ei
->i_disksize
= end
;
3020 i_size_write(inode
, end
);
3022 * We're going to return a positive `ret'
3023 * here due to non-zero-length I/O, so there's
3024 * no way of reporting error returns from
3025 * ext4_mark_inode_dirty() to userspace. So
3028 ext4_mark_inode_dirty(handle
, inode
);
3031 err
= ext4_journal_stop(handle
);
3040 * Pages can be marked dirty completely asynchronously from ext4's journalling
3041 * activity. By filemap_sync_pte(), try_to_unmap_one(), etc. We cannot do
3042 * much here because ->set_page_dirty is called under VFS locks. The page is
3043 * not necessarily locked.
3045 * We cannot just dirty the page and leave attached buffers clean, because the
3046 * buffers' dirty state is "definitive". We cannot just set the buffers dirty
3047 * or jbddirty because all the journalling code will explode.
3049 * So what we do is to mark the page "pending dirty" and next time writepage
3050 * is called, propagate that into the buffers appropriately.
3052 static int ext4_journalled_set_page_dirty(struct page
*page
)
3054 SetPageChecked(page
);
3055 return __set_page_dirty_nobuffers(page
);
3058 static const struct address_space_operations ext4_ordered_aops
= {
3059 .readpage
= ext4_readpage
,
3060 .readpages
= ext4_readpages
,
3061 .writepage
= ext4_normal_writepage
,
3062 .sync_page
= block_sync_page
,
3063 .write_begin
= ext4_write_begin
,
3064 .write_end
= ext4_ordered_write_end
,
3066 .invalidatepage
= ext4_invalidatepage
,
3067 .releasepage
= ext4_releasepage
,
3068 .direct_IO
= ext4_direct_IO
,
3069 .migratepage
= buffer_migrate_page
,
3070 .is_partially_uptodate
= block_is_partially_uptodate
,
3073 static const struct address_space_operations ext4_writeback_aops
= {
3074 .readpage
= ext4_readpage
,
3075 .readpages
= ext4_readpages
,
3076 .writepage
= ext4_normal_writepage
,
3077 .sync_page
= block_sync_page
,
3078 .write_begin
= ext4_write_begin
,
3079 .write_end
= ext4_writeback_write_end
,
3081 .invalidatepage
= ext4_invalidatepage
,
3082 .releasepage
= ext4_releasepage
,
3083 .direct_IO
= ext4_direct_IO
,
3084 .migratepage
= buffer_migrate_page
,
3085 .is_partially_uptodate
= block_is_partially_uptodate
,
3088 static const struct address_space_operations ext4_journalled_aops
= {
3089 .readpage
= ext4_readpage
,
3090 .readpages
= ext4_readpages
,
3091 .writepage
= ext4_journalled_writepage
,
3092 .sync_page
= block_sync_page
,
3093 .write_begin
= ext4_write_begin
,
3094 .write_end
= ext4_journalled_write_end
,
3095 .set_page_dirty
= ext4_journalled_set_page_dirty
,
3097 .invalidatepage
= ext4_invalidatepage
,
3098 .releasepage
= ext4_releasepage
,
3099 .is_partially_uptodate
= block_is_partially_uptodate
,
3102 static const struct address_space_operations ext4_da_aops
= {
3103 .readpage
= ext4_readpage
,
3104 .readpages
= ext4_readpages
,
3105 .writepage
= ext4_da_writepage
,
3106 .writepages
= ext4_da_writepages
,
3107 .sync_page
= block_sync_page
,
3108 .write_begin
= ext4_da_write_begin
,
3109 .write_end
= ext4_da_write_end
,
3111 .invalidatepage
= ext4_da_invalidatepage
,
3112 .releasepage
= ext4_releasepage
,
3113 .direct_IO
= ext4_direct_IO
,
3114 .migratepage
= buffer_migrate_page
,
3115 .is_partially_uptodate
= block_is_partially_uptodate
,
3118 void ext4_set_aops(struct inode
*inode
)
3120 if (ext4_should_order_data(inode
) &&
3121 test_opt(inode
->i_sb
, DELALLOC
))
3122 inode
->i_mapping
->a_ops
= &ext4_da_aops
;
3123 else if (ext4_should_order_data(inode
))
3124 inode
->i_mapping
->a_ops
= &ext4_ordered_aops
;
3125 else if (ext4_should_writeback_data(inode
) &&
3126 test_opt(inode
->i_sb
, DELALLOC
))
3127 inode
->i_mapping
->a_ops
= &ext4_da_aops
;
3128 else if (ext4_should_writeback_data(inode
))
3129 inode
->i_mapping
->a_ops
= &ext4_writeback_aops
;
3131 inode
->i_mapping
->a_ops
= &ext4_journalled_aops
;
3135 * ext4_block_truncate_page() zeroes out a mapping from file offset `from'
3136 * up to the end of the block which corresponds to `from'.
3137 * This required during truncate. We need to physically zero the tail end
3138 * of that block so it doesn't yield old data if the file is later grown.
3140 int ext4_block_truncate_page(handle_t
*handle
,
3141 struct address_space
*mapping
, loff_t from
)
3143 ext4_fsblk_t index
= from
>> PAGE_CACHE_SHIFT
;
3144 unsigned offset
= from
& (PAGE_CACHE_SIZE
-1);
3145 unsigned blocksize
, length
, pos
;
3147 struct inode
*inode
= mapping
->host
;
3148 struct buffer_head
*bh
;
3152 page
= grab_cache_page(mapping
, from
>> PAGE_CACHE_SHIFT
);
3156 blocksize
= inode
->i_sb
->s_blocksize
;
3157 length
= blocksize
- (offset
& (blocksize
- 1));
3158 iblock
= index
<< (PAGE_CACHE_SHIFT
- inode
->i_sb
->s_blocksize_bits
);
3161 * For "nobh" option, we can only work if we don't need to
3162 * read-in the page - otherwise we create buffers to do the IO.
3164 if (!page_has_buffers(page
) && test_opt(inode
->i_sb
, NOBH
) &&
3165 ext4_should_writeback_data(inode
) && PageUptodate(page
)) {
3166 zero_user(page
, offset
, length
);
3167 set_page_dirty(page
);
3171 if (!page_has_buffers(page
))
3172 create_empty_buffers(page
, blocksize
, 0);
3174 /* Find the buffer that contains "offset" */
3175 bh
= page_buffers(page
);
3177 while (offset
>= pos
) {
3178 bh
= bh
->b_this_page
;
3184 if (buffer_freed(bh
)) {
3185 BUFFER_TRACE(bh
, "freed: skip");
3189 if (!buffer_mapped(bh
)) {
3190 BUFFER_TRACE(bh
, "unmapped");
3191 ext4_get_block(inode
, iblock
, bh
, 0);
3192 /* unmapped? It's a hole - nothing to do */
3193 if (!buffer_mapped(bh
)) {
3194 BUFFER_TRACE(bh
, "still unmapped");
3199 /* Ok, it's mapped. Make sure it's up-to-date */
3200 if (PageUptodate(page
))
3201 set_buffer_uptodate(bh
);
3203 if (!buffer_uptodate(bh
)) {
3205 ll_rw_block(READ
, 1, &bh
);
3207 /* Uhhuh. Read error. Complain and punt. */
3208 if (!buffer_uptodate(bh
))
3212 if (ext4_should_journal_data(inode
)) {
3213 BUFFER_TRACE(bh
, "get write access");
3214 err
= ext4_journal_get_write_access(handle
, bh
);
3219 zero_user(page
, offset
, length
);
3221 BUFFER_TRACE(bh
, "zeroed end of block");
3224 if (ext4_should_journal_data(inode
)) {
3225 err
= ext4_journal_dirty_metadata(handle
, bh
);
3227 if (ext4_should_order_data(inode
))
3228 err
= ext4_jbd2_file_inode(handle
, inode
);
3229 mark_buffer_dirty(bh
);
3234 page_cache_release(page
);
3239 * Probably it should be a library function... search for first non-zero word
3240 * or memcmp with zero_page, whatever is better for particular architecture.
3243 static inline int all_zeroes(__le32
*p
, __le32
*q
)
3252 * ext4_find_shared - find the indirect blocks for partial truncation.
3253 * @inode: inode in question
3254 * @depth: depth of the affected branch
3255 * @offsets: offsets of pointers in that branch (see ext4_block_to_path)
3256 * @chain: place to store the pointers to partial indirect blocks
3257 * @top: place to the (detached) top of branch
3259 * This is a helper function used by ext4_truncate().
3261 * When we do truncate() we may have to clean the ends of several
3262 * indirect blocks but leave the blocks themselves alive. Block is
3263 * partially truncated if some data below the new i_size is refered
3264 * from it (and it is on the path to the first completely truncated
3265 * data block, indeed). We have to free the top of that path along
3266 * with everything to the right of the path. Since no allocation
3267 * past the truncation point is possible until ext4_truncate()
3268 * finishes, we may safely do the latter, but top of branch may
3269 * require special attention - pageout below the truncation point
3270 * might try to populate it.
3272 * We atomically detach the top of branch from the tree, store the
3273 * block number of its root in *@top, pointers to buffer_heads of
3274 * partially truncated blocks - in @chain[].bh and pointers to
3275 * their last elements that should not be removed - in
3276 * @chain[].p. Return value is the pointer to last filled element
3279 * The work left to caller to do the actual freeing of subtrees:
3280 * a) free the subtree starting from *@top
3281 * b) free the subtrees whose roots are stored in
3282 * (@chain[i].p+1 .. end of @chain[i].bh->b_data)
3283 * c) free the subtrees growing from the inode past the @chain[0].
3284 * (no partially truncated stuff there). */
3286 static Indirect
*ext4_find_shared(struct inode
*inode
, int depth
,
3287 ext4_lblk_t offsets
[4], Indirect chain
[4], __le32
*top
)
3289 Indirect
*partial
, *p
;
3293 /* Make k index the deepest non-null offest + 1 */
3294 for (k
= depth
; k
> 1 && !offsets
[k
-1]; k
--)
3296 partial
= ext4_get_branch(inode
, k
, offsets
, chain
, &err
);
3297 /* Writer: pointers */
3299 partial
= chain
+ k
-1;
3301 * If the branch acquired continuation since we've looked at it -
3302 * fine, it should all survive and (new) top doesn't belong to us.
3304 if (!partial
->key
&& *partial
->p
)
3307 for (p
= partial
; (p
> chain
) && all_zeroes((__le32
*) p
->bh
->b_data
, p
->p
); p
--)
3310 * OK, we've found the last block that must survive. The rest of our
3311 * branch should be detached before unlocking. However, if that rest
3312 * of branch is all ours and does not grow immediately from the inode
3313 * it's easier to cheat and just decrement partial->p.
3315 if (p
== chain
+ k
- 1 && p
> chain
) {
3319 /* Nope, don't do this in ext4. Must leave the tree intact */
3326 while (partial
> p
) {
3327 brelse(partial
->bh
);
3335 * Zero a number of block pointers in either an inode or an indirect block.
3336 * If we restart the transaction we must again get write access to the
3337 * indirect block for further modification.
3339 * We release `count' blocks on disk, but (last - first) may be greater
3340 * than `count' because there can be holes in there.
3342 static void ext4_clear_blocks(handle_t
*handle
, struct inode
*inode
,
3343 struct buffer_head
*bh
, ext4_fsblk_t block_to_free
,
3344 unsigned long count
, __le32
*first
, __le32
*last
)
3347 if (try_to_extend_transaction(handle
, inode
)) {
3349 BUFFER_TRACE(bh
, "call ext4_journal_dirty_metadata");
3350 ext4_journal_dirty_metadata(handle
, bh
);
3352 ext4_mark_inode_dirty(handle
, inode
);
3353 ext4_journal_test_restart(handle
, inode
);
3355 BUFFER_TRACE(bh
, "retaking write access");
3356 ext4_journal_get_write_access(handle
, bh
);
3361 * Any buffers which are on the journal will be in memory. We find
3362 * them on the hash table so jbd2_journal_revoke() will run jbd2_journal_forget()
3363 * on them. We've already detached each block from the file, so
3364 * bforget() in jbd2_journal_forget() should be safe.
3366 * AKPM: turn on bforget in jbd2_journal_forget()!!!
3368 for (p
= first
; p
< last
; p
++) {
3369 u32 nr
= le32_to_cpu(*p
);
3371 struct buffer_head
*tbh
;
3374 tbh
= sb_find_get_block(inode
->i_sb
, nr
);
3375 ext4_forget(handle
, 0, inode
, tbh
, nr
);
3379 ext4_free_blocks(handle
, inode
, block_to_free
, count
, 0);
3383 * ext4_free_data - free a list of data blocks
3384 * @handle: handle for this transaction
3385 * @inode: inode we are dealing with
3386 * @this_bh: indirect buffer_head which contains *@first and *@last
3387 * @first: array of block numbers
3388 * @last: points immediately past the end of array
3390 * We are freeing all blocks refered from that array (numbers are stored as
3391 * little-endian 32-bit) and updating @inode->i_blocks appropriately.
3393 * We accumulate contiguous runs of blocks to free. Conveniently, if these
3394 * blocks are contiguous then releasing them at one time will only affect one
3395 * or two bitmap blocks (+ group descriptor(s) and superblock) and we won't
3396 * actually use a lot of journal space.
3398 * @this_bh will be %NULL if @first and @last point into the inode's direct
3401 static void ext4_free_data(handle_t
*handle
, struct inode
*inode
,
3402 struct buffer_head
*this_bh
,
3403 __le32
*first
, __le32
*last
)
3405 ext4_fsblk_t block_to_free
= 0; /* Starting block # of a run */
3406 unsigned long count
= 0; /* Number of blocks in the run */
3407 __le32
*block_to_free_p
= NULL
; /* Pointer into inode/ind
3410 ext4_fsblk_t nr
; /* Current block # */
3411 __le32
*p
; /* Pointer into inode/ind
3412 for current block */
3415 if (this_bh
) { /* For indirect block */
3416 BUFFER_TRACE(this_bh
, "get_write_access");
3417 err
= ext4_journal_get_write_access(handle
, this_bh
);
3418 /* Important: if we can't update the indirect pointers
3419 * to the blocks, we can't free them. */
3424 for (p
= first
; p
< last
; p
++) {
3425 nr
= le32_to_cpu(*p
);
3427 /* accumulate blocks to free if they're contiguous */
3430 block_to_free_p
= p
;
3432 } else if (nr
== block_to_free
+ count
) {
3435 ext4_clear_blocks(handle
, inode
, this_bh
,
3437 count
, block_to_free_p
, p
);
3439 block_to_free_p
= p
;
3446 ext4_clear_blocks(handle
, inode
, this_bh
, block_to_free
,
3447 count
, block_to_free_p
, p
);
3450 BUFFER_TRACE(this_bh
, "call ext4_journal_dirty_metadata");
3453 * The buffer head should have an attached journal head at this
3454 * point. However, if the data is corrupted and an indirect
3455 * block pointed to itself, it would have been detached when
3456 * the block was cleared. Check for this instead of OOPSing.
3459 ext4_journal_dirty_metadata(handle
, this_bh
);
3461 ext4_error(inode
->i_sb
, __func__
,
3462 "circular indirect block detected, "
3463 "inode=%lu, block=%llu",
3465 (unsigned long long) this_bh
->b_blocknr
);
3470 * ext4_free_branches - free an array of branches
3471 * @handle: JBD handle for this transaction
3472 * @inode: inode we are dealing with
3473 * @parent_bh: the buffer_head which contains *@first and *@last
3474 * @first: array of block numbers
3475 * @last: pointer immediately past the end of array
3476 * @depth: depth of the branches to free
3478 * We are freeing all blocks refered from these branches (numbers are
3479 * stored as little-endian 32-bit) and updating @inode->i_blocks
3482 static void ext4_free_branches(handle_t
*handle
, struct inode
*inode
,
3483 struct buffer_head
*parent_bh
,
3484 __le32
*first
, __le32
*last
, int depth
)
3489 if (is_handle_aborted(handle
))
3493 struct buffer_head
*bh
;
3494 int addr_per_block
= EXT4_ADDR_PER_BLOCK(inode
->i_sb
);
3496 while (--p
>= first
) {
3497 nr
= le32_to_cpu(*p
);
3499 continue; /* A hole */
3501 /* Go read the buffer for the next level down */
3502 bh
= sb_bread(inode
->i_sb
, nr
);
3505 * A read failure? Report error and clear slot
3509 ext4_error(inode
->i_sb
, "ext4_free_branches",
3510 "Read failure, inode=%lu, block=%llu",
3515 /* This zaps the entire block. Bottom up. */
3516 BUFFER_TRACE(bh
, "free child branches");
3517 ext4_free_branches(handle
, inode
, bh
,
3518 (__le32
*) bh
->b_data
,
3519 (__le32
*) bh
->b_data
+ addr_per_block
,
3523 * We've probably journalled the indirect block several
3524 * times during the truncate. But it's no longer
3525 * needed and we now drop it from the transaction via
3526 * jbd2_journal_revoke().
3528 * That's easy if it's exclusively part of this
3529 * transaction. But if it's part of the committing
3530 * transaction then jbd2_journal_forget() will simply
3531 * brelse() it. That means that if the underlying
3532 * block is reallocated in ext4_get_block(),
3533 * unmap_underlying_metadata() will find this block
3534 * and will try to get rid of it. damn, damn.
3536 * If this block has already been committed to the
3537 * journal, a revoke record will be written. And
3538 * revoke records must be emitted *before* clearing
3539 * this block's bit in the bitmaps.
3541 ext4_forget(handle
, 1, inode
, bh
, bh
->b_blocknr
);
3544 * Everything below this this pointer has been
3545 * released. Now let this top-of-subtree go.
3547 * We want the freeing of this indirect block to be
3548 * atomic in the journal with the updating of the
3549 * bitmap block which owns it. So make some room in
3552 * We zero the parent pointer *after* freeing its
3553 * pointee in the bitmaps, so if extend_transaction()
3554 * for some reason fails to put the bitmap changes and
3555 * the release into the same transaction, recovery
3556 * will merely complain about releasing a free block,
3557 * rather than leaking blocks.
3559 if (is_handle_aborted(handle
))
3561 if (try_to_extend_transaction(handle
, inode
)) {
3562 ext4_mark_inode_dirty(handle
, inode
);
3563 ext4_journal_test_restart(handle
, inode
);
3566 ext4_free_blocks(handle
, inode
, nr
, 1, 1);
3570 * The block which we have just freed is
3571 * pointed to by an indirect block: journal it
3573 BUFFER_TRACE(parent_bh
, "get_write_access");
3574 if (!ext4_journal_get_write_access(handle
,
3577 BUFFER_TRACE(parent_bh
,
3578 "call ext4_journal_dirty_metadata");
3579 ext4_journal_dirty_metadata(handle
,
3585 /* We have reached the bottom of the tree. */
3586 BUFFER_TRACE(parent_bh
, "free data blocks");
3587 ext4_free_data(handle
, inode
, parent_bh
, first
, last
);
3591 int ext4_can_truncate(struct inode
*inode
)
3593 if (IS_APPEND(inode
) || IS_IMMUTABLE(inode
))
3595 if (S_ISREG(inode
->i_mode
))
3597 if (S_ISDIR(inode
->i_mode
))
3599 if (S_ISLNK(inode
->i_mode
))
3600 return !ext4_inode_is_fast_symlink(inode
);
3607 * We block out ext4_get_block() block instantiations across the entire
3608 * transaction, and VFS/VM ensures that ext4_truncate() cannot run
3609 * simultaneously on behalf of the same inode.
3611 * As we work through the truncate and commmit bits of it to the journal there
3612 * is one core, guiding principle: the file's tree must always be consistent on
3613 * disk. We must be able to restart the truncate after a crash.
3615 * The file's tree may be transiently inconsistent in memory (although it
3616 * probably isn't), but whenever we close off and commit a journal transaction,
3617 * the contents of (the filesystem + the journal) must be consistent and
3618 * restartable. It's pretty simple, really: bottom up, right to left (although
3619 * left-to-right works OK too).
3621 * Note that at recovery time, journal replay occurs *before* the restart of
3622 * truncate against the orphan inode list.
3624 * The committed inode has the new, desired i_size (which is the same as
3625 * i_disksize in this case). After a crash, ext4_orphan_cleanup() will see
3626 * that this inode's truncate did not complete and it will again call
3627 * ext4_truncate() to have another go. So there will be instantiated blocks
3628 * to the right of the truncation point in a crashed ext4 filesystem. But
3629 * that's fine - as long as they are linked from the inode, the post-crash
3630 * ext4_truncate() run will find them and release them.
3632 void ext4_truncate(struct inode
*inode
)
3635 struct ext4_inode_info
*ei
= EXT4_I(inode
);
3636 __le32
*i_data
= ei
->i_data
;
3637 int addr_per_block
= EXT4_ADDR_PER_BLOCK(inode
->i_sb
);
3638 struct address_space
*mapping
= inode
->i_mapping
;
3639 ext4_lblk_t offsets
[4];
3644 ext4_lblk_t last_block
;
3645 unsigned blocksize
= inode
->i_sb
->s_blocksize
;
3647 if (!ext4_can_truncate(inode
))
3650 if (EXT4_I(inode
)->i_flags
& EXT4_EXTENTS_FL
) {
3651 ext4_ext_truncate(inode
);
3655 handle
= start_transaction(inode
);
3657 return; /* AKPM: return what? */
3659 last_block
= (inode
->i_size
+ blocksize
-1)
3660 >> EXT4_BLOCK_SIZE_BITS(inode
->i_sb
);
3662 if (inode
->i_size
& (blocksize
- 1))
3663 if (ext4_block_truncate_page(handle
, mapping
, inode
->i_size
))
3666 n
= ext4_block_to_path(inode
, last_block
, offsets
, NULL
);
3668 goto out_stop
; /* error */
3671 * OK. This truncate is going to happen. We add the inode to the
3672 * orphan list, so that if this truncate spans multiple transactions,
3673 * and we crash, we will resume the truncate when the filesystem
3674 * recovers. It also marks the inode dirty, to catch the new size.
3676 * Implication: the file must always be in a sane, consistent
3677 * truncatable state while each transaction commits.
3679 if (ext4_orphan_add(handle
, inode
))
3683 * From here we block out all ext4_get_block() callers who want to
3684 * modify the block allocation tree.
3686 down_write(&ei
->i_data_sem
);
3688 ext4_discard_reservation(inode
);
3691 * The orphan list entry will now protect us from any crash which
3692 * occurs before the truncate completes, so it is now safe to propagate
3693 * the new, shorter inode size (held for now in i_size) into the
3694 * on-disk inode. We do this via i_disksize, which is the value which
3695 * ext4 *really* writes onto the disk inode.
3697 ei
->i_disksize
= inode
->i_size
;
3699 if (n
== 1) { /* direct blocks */
3700 ext4_free_data(handle
, inode
, NULL
, i_data
+offsets
[0],
3701 i_data
+ EXT4_NDIR_BLOCKS
);
3705 partial
= ext4_find_shared(inode
, n
, offsets
, chain
, &nr
);
3706 /* Kill the top of shared branch (not detached) */
3708 if (partial
== chain
) {
3709 /* Shared branch grows from the inode */
3710 ext4_free_branches(handle
, inode
, NULL
,
3711 &nr
, &nr
+1, (chain
+n
-1) - partial
);
3714 * We mark the inode dirty prior to restart,
3715 * and prior to stop. No need for it here.
3718 /* Shared branch grows from an indirect block */
3719 BUFFER_TRACE(partial
->bh
, "get_write_access");
3720 ext4_free_branches(handle
, inode
, partial
->bh
,
3722 partial
->p
+1, (chain
+n
-1) - partial
);
3725 /* Clear the ends of indirect blocks on the shared branch */
3726 while (partial
> chain
) {
3727 ext4_free_branches(handle
, inode
, partial
->bh
, partial
->p
+ 1,
3728 (__le32
*)partial
->bh
->b_data
+addr_per_block
,
3729 (chain
+n
-1) - partial
);
3730 BUFFER_TRACE(partial
->bh
, "call brelse");
3731 brelse (partial
->bh
);
3735 /* Kill the remaining (whole) subtrees */
3736 switch (offsets
[0]) {
3738 nr
= i_data
[EXT4_IND_BLOCK
];
3740 ext4_free_branches(handle
, inode
, NULL
, &nr
, &nr
+1, 1);
3741 i_data
[EXT4_IND_BLOCK
] = 0;
3743 case EXT4_IND_BLOCK
:
3744 nr
= i_data
[EXT4_DIND_BLOCK
];
3746 ext4_free_branches(handle
, inode
, NULL
, &nr
, &nr
+1, 2);
3747 i_data
[EXT4_DIND_BLOCK
] = 0;
3749 case EXT4_DIND_BLOCK
:
3750 nr
= i_data
[EXT4_TIND_BLOCK
];
3752 ext4_free_branches(handle
, inode
, NULL
, &nr
, &nr
+1, 3);
3753 i_data
[EXT4_TIND_BLOCK
] = 0;
3755 case EXT4_TIND_BLOCK
:
3759 up_write(&ei
->i_data_sem
);
3760 inode
->i_mtime
= inode
->i_ctime
= ext4_current_time(inode
);
3761 ext4_mark_inode_dirty(handle
, inode
);
3764 * In a multi-transaction truncate, we only make the final transaction
3771 * If this was a simple ftruncate(), and the file will remain alive
3772 * then we need to clear up the orphan record which we created above.
3773 * However, if this was a real unlink then we were called by
3774 * ext4_delete_inode(), and we allow that function to clean up the
3775 * orphan info for us.
3778 ext4_orphan_del(handle
, inode
);
3780 ext4_journal_stop(handle
);
3783 static ext4_fsblk_t
ext4_get_inode_block(struct super_block
*sb
,
3784 unsigned long ino
, struct ext4_iloc
*iloc
)
3786 ext4_group_t block_group
;
3787 unsigned long offset
;
3789 struct ext4_group_desc
*gdp
;
3791 if (!ext4_valid_inum(sb
, ino
)) {
3793 * This error is already checked for in namei.c unless we are
3794 * looking at an NFS filehandle, in which case no error
3800 block_group
= (ino
- 1) / EXT4_INODES_PER_GROUP(sb
);
3801 gdp
= ext4_get_group_desc(sb
, block_group
, NULL
);
3806 * Figure out the offset within the block group inode table
3808 offset
= ((ino
- 1) % EXT4_INODES_PER_GROUP(sb
)) *
3809 EXT4_INODE_SIZE(sb
);
3810 block
= ext4_inode_table(sb
, gdp
) +
3811 (offset
>> EXT4_BLOCK_SIZE_BITS(sb
));
3813 iloc
->block_group
= block_group
;
3814 iloc
->offset
= offset
& (EXT4_BLOCK_SIZE(sb
) - 1);
3819 * ext4_get_inode_loc returns with an extra refcount against the inode's
3820 * underlying buffer_head on success. If 'in_mem' is true, we have all
3821 * data in memory that is needed to recreate the on-disk version of this
3824 static int __ext4_get_inode_loc(struct inode
*inode
,
3825 struct ext4_iloc
*iloc
, int in_mem
)
3828 struct buffer_head
*bh
;
3830 block
= ext4_get_inode_block(inode
->i_sb
, inode
->i_ino
, iloc
);
3834 bh
= sb_getblk(inode
->i_sb
, block
);
3836 ext4_error (inode
->i_sb
, "ext4_get_inode_loc",
3837 "unable to read inode block - "
3838 "inode=%lu, block=%llu",
3839 inode
->i_ino
, block
);
3842 if (!buffer_uptodate(bh
)) {
3846 * If the buffer has the write error flag, we have failed
3847 * to write out another inode in the same block. In this
3848 * case, we don't have to read the block because we may
3849 * read the old inode data successfully.
3851 if (buffer_write_io_error(bh
) && !buffer_uptodate(bh
))
3852 set_buffer_uptodate(bh
);
3854 if (buffer_uptodate(bh
)) {
3855 /* someone brought it uptodate while we waited */
3861 * If we have all information of the inode in memory and this
3862 * is the only valid inode in the block, we need not read the
3866 struct buffer_head
*bitmap_bh
;
3867 struct ext4_group_desc
*desc
;
3868 int inodes_per_buffer
;
3869 int inode_offset
, i
;
3870 ext4_group_t block_group
;
3873 block_group
= (inode
->i_ino
- 1) /
3874 EXT4_INODES_PER_GROUP(inode
->i_sb
);
3875 inodes_per_buffer
= bh
->b_size
/
3876 EXT4_INODE_SIZE(inode
->i_sb
);
3877 inode_offset
= ((inode
->i_ino
- 1) %
3878 EXT4_INODES_PER_GROUP(inode
->i_sb
));
3879 start
= inode_offset
& ~(inodes_per_buffer
- 1);
3881 /* Is the inode bitmap in cache? */
3882 desc
= ext4_get_group_desc(inode
->i_sb
,
3887 bitmap_bh
= sb_getblk(inode
->i_sb
,
3888 ext4_inode_bitmap(inode
->i_sb
, desc
));
3893 * If the inode bitmap isn't in cache then the
3894 * optimisation may end up performing two reads instead
3895 * of one, so skip it.
3897 if (!buffer_uptodate(bitmap_bh
)) {
3901 for (i
= start
; i
< start
+ inodes_per_buffer
; i
++) {
3902 if (i
== inode_offset
)
3904 if (ext4_test_bit(i
, bitmap_bh
->b_data
))
3908 if (i
== start
+ inodes_per_buffer
) {
3909 /* all other inodes are free, so skip I/O */
3910 memset(bh
->b_data
, 0, bh
->b_size
);
3911 set_buffer_uptodate(bh
);
3919 * There are other valid inodes in the buffer, this inode
3920 * has in-inode xattrs, or we don't have this inode in memory.
3921 * Read the block from disk.
3924 bh
->b_end_io
= end_buffer_read_sync
;
3925 submit_bh(READ_META
, bh
);
3927 if (!buffer_uptodate(bh
)) {
3928 ext4_error(inode
->i_sb
, "ext4_get_inode_loc",
3929 "unable to read inode block - "
3930 "inode=%lu, block=%llu",
3931 inode
->i_ino
, block
);
3941 int ext4_get_inode_loc(struct inode
*inode
, struct ext4_iloc
*iloc
)
3943 /* We have all inode data except xattrs in memory here. */
3944 return __ext4_get_inode_loc(inode
, iloc
,
3945 !(EXT4_I(inode
)->i_state
& EXT4_STATE_XATTR
));
3948 void ext4_set_inode_flags(struct inode
*inode
)
3950 unsigned int flags
= EXT4_I(inode
)->i_flags
;
3952 inode
->i_flags
&= ~(S_SYNC
|S_APPEND
|S_IMMUTABLE
|S_NOATIME
|S_DIRSYNC
);
3953 if (flags
& EXT4_SYNC_FL
)
3954 inode
->i_flags
|= S_SYNC
;
3955 if (flags
& EXT4_APPEND_FL
)
3956 inode
->i_flags
|= S_APPEND
;
3957 if (flags
& EXT4_IMMUTABLE_FL
)
3958 inode
->i_flags
|= S_IMMUTABLE
;
3959 if (flags
& EXT4_NOATIME_FL
)
3960 inode
->i_flags
|= S_NOATIME
;
3961 if (flags
& EXT4_DIRSYNC_FL
)
3962 inode
->i_flags
|= S_DIRSYNC
;
3965 /* Propagate flags from i_flags to EXT4_I(inode)->i_flags */
3966 void ext4_get_inode_flags(struct ext4_inode_info
*ei
)
3968 unsigned int flags
= ei
->vfs_inode
.i_flags
;
3970 ei
->i_flags
&= ~(EXT4_SYNC_FL
|EXT4_APPEND_FL
|
3971 EXT4_IMMUTABLE_FL
|EXT4_NOATIME_FL
|EXT4_DIRSYNC_FL
);
3973 ei
->i_flags
|= EXT4_SYNC_FL
;
3974 if (flags
& S_APPEND
)
3975 ei
->i_flags
|= EXT4_APPEND_FL
;
3976 if (flags
& S_IMMUTABLE
)
3977 ei
->i_flags
|= EXT4_IMMUTABLE_FL
;
3978 if (flags
& S_NOATIME
)
3979 ei
->i_flags
|= EXT4_NOATIME_FL
;
3980 if (flags
& S_DIRSYNC
)
3981 ei
->i_flags
|= EXT4_DIRSYNC_FL
;
3983 static blkcnt_t
ext4_inode_blocks(struct ext4_inode
*raw_inode
,
3984 struct ext4_inode_info
*ei
)
3987 struct inode
*inode
= &(ei
->vfs_inode
);
3988 struct super_block
*sb
= inode
->i_sb
;
3990 if (EXT4_HAS_RO_COMPAT_FEATURE(sb
,
3991 EXT4_FEATURE_RO_COMPAT_HUGE_FILE
)) {
3992 /* we are using combined 48 bit field */
3993 i_blocks
= ((u64
)le16_to_cpu(raw_inode
->i_blocks_high
)) << 32 |
3994 le32_to_cpu(raw_inode
->i_blocks_lo
);
3995 if (ei
->i_flags
& EXT4_HUGE_FILE_FL
) {
3996 /* i_blocks represent file system block size */
3997 return i_blocks
<< (inode
->i_blkbits
- 9);
4002 return le32_to_cpu(raw_inode
->i_blocks_lo
);
4006 struct inode
*ext4_iget(struct super_block
*sb
, unsigned long ino
)
4008 struct ext4_iloc iloc
;
4009 struct ext4_inode
*raw_inode
;
4010 struct ext4_inode_info
*ei
;
4011 struct buffer_head
*bh
;
4012 struct inode
*inode
;
4016 inode
= iget_locked(sb
, ino
);
4018 return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM
);
4019 if (!(inode
->i_state
& I_NEW
))
4023 #ifdef CONFIG_EXT4DEV_FS_POSIX_ACL
4024 ei
->i_acl
= EXT4_ACL_NOT_CACHED
;
4025 ei
->i_default_acl
= EXT4_ACL_NOT_CACHED
;
4027 ei
->i_block_alloc_info
= NULL
;
4029 ret
= __ext4_get_inode_loc(inode
, &iloc
, 0);
4033 raw_inode
= ext4_raw_inode(&iloc
);
4034 inode
->i_mode
= le16_to_cpu(raw_inode
->i_mode
);
4035 inode
->i_uid
= (uid_t
)le16_to_cpu(raw_inode
->i_uid_low
);
4036 inode
->i_gid
= (gid_t
)le16_to_cpu(raw_inode
->i_gid_low
);
4037 if (!(test_opt(inode
->i_sb
, NO_UID32
))) {
4038 inode
->i_uid
|= le16_to_cpu(raw_inode
->i_uid_high
) << 16;
4039 inode
->i_gid
|= le16_to_cpu(raw_inode
->i_gid_high
) << 16;
4041 inode
->i_nlink
= le16_to_cpu(raw_inode
->i_links_count
);
4044 ei
->i_dir_start_lookup
= 0;
4045 ei
->i_dtime
= le32_to_cpu(raw_inode
->i_dtime
);
4046 /* We now have enough fields to check if the inode was active or not.
4047 * This is needed because nfsd might try to access dead inodes
4048 * the test is that same one that e2fsck uses
4049 * NeilBrown 1999oct15
4051 if (inode
->i_nlink
== 0) {
4052 if (inode
->i_mode
== 0 ||
4053 !(EXT4_SB(inode
->i_sb
)->s_mount_state
& EXT4_ORPHAN_FS
)) {
4054 /* this inode is deleted */
4059 /* The only unlinked inodes we let through here have
4060 * valid i_mode and are being read by the orphan
4061 * recovery code: that's fine, we're about to complete
4062 * the process of deleting those. */
4064 ei
->i_flags
= le32_to_cpu(raw_inode
->i_flags
);
4065 inode
->i_blocks
= ext4_inode_blocks(raw_inode
, ei
);
4066 ei
->i_file_acl
= le32_to_cpu(raw_inode
->i_file_acl_lo
);
4067 if (EXT4_SB(inode
->i_sb
)->s_es
->s_creator_os
!=
4068 cpu_to_le32(EXT4_OS_HURD
)) {
4070 ((__u64
)le16_to_cpu(raw_inode
->i_file_acl_high
)) << 32;
4072 inode
->i_size
= ext4_isize(raw_inode
);
4073 ei
->i_disksize
= inode
->i_size
;
4074 inode
->i_generation
= le32_to_cpu(raw_inode
->i_generation
);
4075 ei
->i_block_group
= iloc
.block_group
;
4077 * NOTE! The in-memory inode i_data array is in little-endian order
4078 * even on big-endian machines: we do NOT byteswap the block numbers!
4080 for (block
= 0; block
< EXT4_N_BLOCKS
; block
++)
4081 ei
->i_data
[block
] = raw_inode
->i_block
[block
];
4082 INIT_LIST_HEAD(&ei
->i_orphan
);
4084 if (EXT4_INODE_SIZE(inode
->i_sb
) > EXT4_GOOD_OLD_INODE_SIZE
) {
4085 ei
->i_extra_isize
= le16_to_cpu(raw_inode
->i_extra_isize
);
4086 if (EXT4_GOOD_OLD_INODE_SIZE
+ ei
->i_extra_isize
>
4087 EXT4_INODE_SIZE(inode
->i_sb
)) {
4092 if (ei
->i_extra_isize
== 0) {
4093 /* The extra space is currently unused. Use it. */
4094 ei
->i_extra_isize
= sizeof(struct ext4_inode
) -
4095 EXT4_GOOD_OLD_INODE_SIZE
;
4097 __le32
*magic
= (void *)raw_inode
+
4098 EXT4_GOOD_OLD_INODE_SIZE
+
4100 if (*magic
== cpu_to_le32(EXT4_XATTR_MAGIC
))
4101 ei
->i_state
|= EXT4_STATE_XATTR
;
4104 ei
->i_extra_isize
= 0;
4106 EXT4_INODE_GET_XTIME(i_ctime
, inode
, raw_inode
);
4107 EXT4_INODE_GET_XTIME(i_mtime
, inode
, raw_inode
);
4108 EXT4_INODE_GET_XTIME(i_atime
, inode
, raw_inode
);
4109 EXT4_EINODE_GET_XTIME(i_crtime
, ei
, raw_inode
);
4111 inode
->i_version
= le32_to_cpu(raw_inode
->i_disk_version
);
4112 if (EXT4_INODE_SIZE(inode
->i_sb
) > EXT4_GOOD_OLD_INODE_SIZE
) {
4113 if (EXT4_FITS_IN_INODE(raw_inode
, ei
, i_version_hi
))
4115 (__u64
)(le32_to_cpu(raw_inode
->i_version_hi
)) << 32;
4118 if (S_ISREG(inode
->i_mode
)) {
4119 inode
->i_op
= &ext4_file_inode_operations
;
4120 inode
->i_fop
= &ext4_file_operations
;
4121 ext4_set_aops(inode
);
4122 } else if (S_ISDIR(inode
->i_mode
)) {
4123 inode
->i_op
= &ext4_dir_inode_operations
;
4124 inode
->i_fop
= &ext4_dir_operations
;
4125 } else if (S_ISLNK(inode
->i_mode
)) {
4126 if (ext4_inode_is_fast_symlink(inode
))
4127 inode
->i_op
= &ext4_fast_symlink_inode_operations
;
4129 inode
->i_op
= &ext4_symlink_inode_operations
;
4130 ext4_set_aops(inode
);
4133 inode
->i_op
= &ext4_special_inode_operations
;
4134 if (raw_inode
->i_block
[0])
4135 init_special_inode(inode
, inode
->i_mode
,
4136 old_decode_dev(le32_to_cpu(raw_inode
->i_block
[0])));
4138 init_special_inode(inode
, inode
->i_mode
,
4139 new_decode_dev(le32_to_cpu(raw_inode
->i_block
[1])));
4142 ext4_set_inode_flags(inode
);
4143 unlock_new_inode(inode
);
4148 return ERR_PTR(ret
);
4151 static int ext4_inode_blocks_set(handle_t
*handle
,
4152 struct ext4_inode
*raw_inode
,
4153 struct ext4_inode_info
*ei
)
4155 struct inode
*inode
= &(ei
->vfs_inode
);
4156 u64 i_blocks
= inode
->i_blocks
;
4157 struct super_block
*sb
= inode
->i_sb
;
4160 if (i_blocks
<= ~0U) {
4162 * i_blocks can be represnted in a 32 bit variable
4163 * as multiple of 512 bytes
4165 raw_inode
->i_blocks_lo
= cpu_to_le32(i_blocks
);
4166 raw_inode
->i_blocks_high
= 0;
4167 ei
->i_flags
&= ~EXT4_HUGE_FILE_FL
;
4168 } else if (i_blocks
<= 0xffffffffffffULL
) {
4170 * i_blocks can be represented in a 48 bit variable
4171 * as multiple of 512 bytes
4173 err
= ext4_update_rocompat_feature(handle
, sb
,
4174 EXT4_FEATURE_RO_COMPAT_HUGE_FILE
);
4177 /* i_block is stored in the split 48 bit fields */
4178 raw_inode
->i_blocks_lo
= cpu_to_le32(i_blocks
);
4179 raw_inode
->i_blocks_high
= cpu_to_le16(i_blocks
>> 32);
4180 ei
->i_flags
&= ~EXT4_HUGE_FILE_FL
;
4183 * i_blocks should be represented in a 48 bit variable
4184 * as multiple of file system block size
4186 err
= ext4_update_rocompat_feature(handle
, sb
,
4187 EXT4_FEATURE_RO_COMPAT_HUGE_FILE
);
4190 ei
->i_flags
|= EXT4_HUGE_FILE_FL
;
4191 /* i_block is stored in file system block size */
4192 i_blocks
= i_blocks
>> (inode
->i_blkbits
- 9);
4193 raw_inode
->i_blocks_lo
= cpu_to_le32(i_blocks
);
4194 raw_inode
->i_blocks_high
= cpu_to_le16(i_blocks
>> 32);
4201 * Post the struct inode info into an on-disk inode location in the
4202 * buffer-cache. This gobbles the caller's reference to the
4203 * buffer_head in the inode location struct.
4205 * The caller must have write access to iloc->bh.
4207 static int ext4_do_update_inode(handle_t
*handle
,
4208 struct inode
*inode
,
4209 struct ext4_iloc
*iloc
)
4211 struct ext4_inode
*raw_inode
= ext4_raw_inode(iloc
);
4212 struct ext4_inode_info
*ei
= EXT4_I(inode
);
4213 struct buffer_head
*bh
= iloc
->bh
;
4214 int err
= 0, rc
, block
;
4216 /* For fields not not tracking in the in-memory inode,
4217 * initialise them to zero for new inodes. */
4218 if (ei
->i_state
& EXT4_STATE_NEW
)
4219 memset(raw_inode
, 0, EXT4_SB(inode
->i_sb
)->s_inode_size
);
4221 ext4_get_inode_flags(ei
);
4222 raw_inode
->i_mode
= cpu_to_le16(inode
->i_mode
);
4223 if (!(test_opt(inode
->i_sb
, NO_UID32
))) {
4224 raw_inode
->i_uid_low
= cpu_to_le16(low_16_bits(inode
->i_uid
));
4225 raw_inode
->i_gid_low
= cpu_to_le16(low_16_bits(inode
->i_gid
));
4227 * Fix up interoperability with old kernels. Otherwise, old inodes get
4228 * re-used with the upper 16 bits of the uid/gid intact
4231 raw_inode
->i_uid_high
=
4232 cpu_to_le16(high_16_bits(inode
->i_uid
));
4233 raw_inode
->i_gid_high
=
4234 cpu_to_le16(high_16_bits(inode
->i_gid
));
4236 raw_inode
->i_uid_high
= 0;
4237 raw_inode
->i_gid_high
= 0;
4240 raw_inode
->i_uid_low
=
4241 cpu_to_le16(fs_high2lowuid(inode
->i_uid
));
4242 raw_inode
->i_gid_low
=
4243 cpu_to_le16(fs_high2lowgid(inode
->i_gid
));
4244 raw_inode
->i_uid_high
= 0;
4245 raw_inode
->i_gid_high
= 0;
4247 raw_inode
->i_links_count
= cpu_to_le16(inode
->i_nlink
);
4249 EXT4_INODE_SET_XTIME(i_ctime
, inode
, raw_inode
);
4250 EXT4_INODE_SET_XTIME(i_mtime
, inode
, raw_inode
);
4251 EXT4_INODE_SET_XTIME(i_atime
, inode
, raw_inode
);
4252 EXT4_EINODE_SET_XTIME(i_crtime
, ei
, raw_inode
);
4254 if (ext4_inode_blocks_set(handle
, raw_inode
, ei
))
4256 raw_inode
->i_dtime
= cpu_to_le32(ei
->i_dtime
);
4257 /* clear the migrate flag in the raw_inode */
4258 raw_inode
->i_flags
= cpu_to_le32(ei
->i_flags
& ~EXT4_EXT_MIGRATE
);
4259 if (EXT4_SB(inode
->i_sb
)->s_es
->s_creator_os
!=
4260 cpu_to_le32(EXT4_OS_HURD
))
4261 raw_inode
->i_file_acl_high
=
4262 cpu_to_le16(ei
->i_file_acl
>> 32);
4263 raw_inode
->i_file_acl_lo
= cpu_to_le32(ei
->i_file_acl
);
4264 ext4_isize_set(raw_inode
, ei
->i_disksize
);
4265 if (ei
->i_disksize
> 0x7fffffffULL
) {
4266 struct super_block
*sb
= inode
->i_sb
;
4267 if (!EXT4_HAS_RO_COMPAT_FEATURE(sb
,
4268 EXT4_FEATURE_RO_COMPAT_LARGE_FILE
) ||
4269 EXT4_SB(sb
)->s_es
->s_rev_level
==
4270 cpu_to_le32(EXT4_GOOD_OLD_REV
)) {
4271 /* If this is the first large file
4272 * created, add a flag to the superblock.
4274 err
= ext4_journal_get_write_access(handle
,
4275 EXT4_SB(sb
)->s_sbh
);
4278 ext4_update_dynamic_rev(sb
);
4279 EXT4_SET_RO_COMPAT_FEATURE(sb
,
4280 EXT4_FEATURE_RO_COMPAT_LARGE_FILE
);
4283 err
= ext4_journal_dirty_metadata(handle
,
4284 EXT4_SB(sb
)->s_sbh
);
4287 raw_inode
->i_generation
= cpu_to_le32(inode
->i_generation
);
4288 if (S_ISCHR(inode
->i_mode
) || S_ISBLK(inode
->i_mode
)) {
4289 if (old_valid_dev(inode
->i_rdev
)) {
4290 raw_inode
->i_block
[0] =
4291 cpu_to_le32(old_encode_dev(inode
->i_rdev
));
4292 raw_inode
->i_block
[1] = 0;
4294 raw_inode
->i_block
[0] = 0;
4295 raw_inode
->i_block
[1] =
4296 cpu_to_le32(new_encode_dev(inode
->i_rdev
));
4297 raw_inode
->i_block
[2] = 0;
4299 } else for (block
= 0; block
< EXT4_N_BLOCKS
; block
++)
4300 raw_inode
->i_block
[block
] = ei
->i_data
[block
];
4302 raw_inode
->i_disk_version
= cpu_to_le32(inode
->i_version
);
4303 if (ei
->i_extra_isize
) {
4304 if (EXT4_FITS_IN_INODE(raw_inode
, ei
, i_version_hi
))
4305 raw_inode
->i_version_hi
=
4306 cpu_to_le32(inode
->i_version
>> 32);
4307 raw_inode
->i_extra_isize
= cpu_to_le16(ei
->i_extra_isize
);
4311 BUFFER_TRACE(bh
, "call ext4_journal_dirty_metadata");
4312 rc
= ext4_journal_dirty_metadata(handle
, bh
);
4315 ei
->i_state
&= ~EXT4_STATE_NEW
;
4319 ext4_std_error(inode
->i_sb
, err
);
4324 * ext4_write_inode()
4326 * We are called from a few places:
4328 * - Within generic_file_write() for O_SYNC files.
4329 * Here, there will be no transaction running. We wait for any running
4330 * trasnaction to commit.
4332 * - Within sys_sync(), kupdate and such.
4333 * We wait on commit, if tol to.
4335 * - Within prune_icache() (PF_MEMALLOC == true)
4336 * Here we simply return. We can't afford to block kswapd on the
4339 * In all cases it is actually safe for us to return without doing anything,
4340 * because the inode has been copied into a raw inode buffer in
4341 * ext4_mark_inode_dirty(). This is a correctness thing for O_SYNC and for
4344 * Note that we are absolutely dependent upon all inode dirtiers doing the
4345 * right thing: they *must* call mark_inode_dirty() after dirtying info in
4346 * which we are interested.
4348 * It would be a bug for them to not do this. The code:
4350 * mark_inode_dirty(inode)
4352 * inode->i_size = expr;
4354 * is in error because a kswapd-driven write_inode() could occur while
4355 * `stuff()' is running, and the new i_size will be lost. Plus the inode
4356 * will no longer be on the superblock's dirty inode list.
4358 int ext4_write_inode(struct inode
*inode
, int wait
)
4360 if (current
->flags
& PF_MEMALLOC
)
4363 if (ext4_journal_current_handle()) {
4364 jbd_debug(1, "called recursively, non-PF_MEMALLOC!\n");
4372 return ext4_force_commit(inode
->i_sb
);
4378 * Called from notify_change.
4380 * We want to trap VFS attempts to truncate the file as soon as
4381 * possible. In particular, we want to make sure that when the VFS
4382 * shrinks i_size, we put the inode on the orphan list and modify
4383 * i_disksize immediately, so that during the subsequent flushing of
4384 * dirty pages and freeing of disk blocks, we can guarantee that any
4385 * commit will leave the blocks being flushed in an unused state on
4386 * disk. (On recovery, the inode will get truncated and the blocks will
4387 * be freed, so we have a strong guarantee that no future commit will
4388 * leave these blocks visible to the user.)
4390 * Another thing we have to assure is that if we are in ordered mode
4391 * and inode is still attached to the committing transaction, we must
4392 * we start writeout of all the dirty pages which are being truncated.
4393 * This way we are sure that all the data written in the previous
4394 * transaction are already on disk (truncate waits for pages under
4397 * Called with inode->i_mutex down.
4399 int ext4_setattr(struct dentry
*dentry
, struct iattr
*attr
)
4401 struct inode
*inode
= dentry
->d_inode
;
4403 const unsigned int ia_valid
= attr
->ia_valid
;
4405 error
= inode_change_ok(inode
, attr
);
4409 if ((ia_valid
& ATTR_UID
&& attr
->ia_uid
!= inode
->i_uid
) ||
4410 (ia_valid
& ATTR_GID
&& attr
->ia_gid
!= inode
->i_gid
)) {
4413 /* (user+group)*(old+new) structure, inode write (sb,
4414 * inode block, ? - but truncate inode update has it) */
4415 handle
= ext4_journal_start(inode
, 2*(EXT4_QUOTA_INIT_BLOCKS(inode
->i_sb
)+
4416 EXT4_QUOTA_DEL_BLOCKS(inode
->i_sb
))+3);
4417 if (IS_ERR(handle
)) {
4418 error
= PTR_ERR(handle
);
4421 error
= DQUOT_TRANSFER(inode
, attr
) ? -EDQUOT
: 0;
4423 ext4_journal_stop(handle
);
4426 /* Update corresponding info in inode so that everything is in
4427 * one transaction */
4428 if (attr
->ia_valid
& ATTR_UID
)
4429 inode
->i_uid
= attr
->ia_uid
;
4430 if (attr
->ia_valid
& ATTR_GID
)
4431 inode
->i_gid
= attr
->ia_gid
;
4432 error
= ext4_mark_inode_dirty(handle
, inode
);
4433 ext4_journal_stop(handle
);
4436 if (attr
->ia_valid
& ATTR_SIZE
) {
4437 if (!(EXT4_I(inode
)->i_flags
& EXT4_EXTENTS_FL
)) {
4438 struct ext4_sb_info
*sbi
= EXT4_SB(inode
->i_sb
);
4440 if (attr
->ia_size
> sbi
->s_bitmap_maxbytes
) {
4447 if (S_ISREG(inode
->i_mode
) &&
4448 attr
->ia_valid
& ATTR_SIZE
&& attr
->ia_size
< inode
->i_size
) {
4451 handle
= ext4_journal_start(inode
, 3);
4452 if (IS_ERR(handle
)) {
4453 error
= PTR_ERR(handle
);
4457 error
= ext4_orphan_add(handle
, inode
);
4458 EXT4_I(inode
)->i_disksize
= attr
->ia_size
;
4459 rc
= ext4_mark_inode_dirty(handle
, inode
);
4462 ext4_journal_stop(handle
);
4464 if (ext4_should_order_data(inode
)) {
4465 error
= ext4_begin_ordered_truncate(inode
,
4468 /* Do as much error cleanup as possible */
4469 handle
= ext4_journal_start(inode
, 3);
4470 if (IS_ERR(handle
)) {
4471 ext4_orphan_del(NULL
, inode
);
4474 ext4_orphan_del(handle
, inode
);
4475 ext4_journal_stop(handle
);
4481 rc
= inode_setattr(inode
, attr
);
4483 /* If inode_setattr's call to ext4_truncate failed to get a
4484 * transaction handle at all, we need to clean up the in-core
4485 * orphan list manually. */
4487 ext4_orphan_del(NULL
, inode
);
4489 if (!rc
&& (ia_valid
& ATTR_MODE
))
4490 rc
= ext4_acl_chmod(inode
);
4493 ext4_std_error(inode
->i_sb
, error
);
4499 int ext4_getattr(struct vfsmount
*mnt
, struct dentry
*dentry
,
4502 struct inode
*inode
;
4503 unsigned long delalloc_blocks
;
4505 inode
= dentry
->d_inode
;
4506 generic_fillattr(inode
, stat
);
4509 * We can't update i_blocks if the block allocation is delayed
4510 * otherwise in the case of system crash before the real block
4511 * allocation is done, we will have i_blocks inconsistent with
4512 * on-disk file blocks.
4513 * We always keep i_blocks updated together with real
4514 * allocation. But to not confuse with user, stat
4515 * will return the blocks that include the delayed allocation
4516 * blocks for this file.
4518 spin_lock(&EXT4_I(inode
)->i_block_reservation_lock
);
4519 delalloc_blocks
= EXT4_I(inode
)->i_reserved_data_blocks
;
4520 spin_unlock(&EXT4_I(inode
)->i_block_reservation_lock
);
4522 stat
->blocks
+= (delalloc_blocks
<< inode
->i_sb
->s_blocksize_bits
)>>9;
4526 static int ext4_indirect_trans_blocks(struct inode
*inode
, int nrblocks
,
4531 /* if nrblocks are contiguous */
4534 * With N contiguous data blocks, it need at most
4535 * N/EXT4_ADDR_PER_BLOCK(inode->i_sb) indirect blocks
4536 * 2 dindirect blocks
4539 indirects
= nrblocks
/ EXT4_ADDR_PER_BLOCK(inode
->i_sb
);
4540 return indirects
+ 3;
4543 * if nrblocks are not contiguous, worse case, each block touch
4544 * a indirect block, and each indirect block touch a double indirect
4545 * block, plus a triple indirect block
4547 indirects
= nrblocks
* 2 + 1;
4551 static int ext4_index_trans_blocks(struct inode
*inode
, int nrblocks
, int chunk
)
4553 if (!(EXT4_I(inode
)->i_flags
& EXT4_EXTENTS_FL
))
4554 return ext4_indirect_trans_blocks(inode
, nrblocks
, 0);
4555 return ext4_ext_index_trans_blocks(inode
, nrblocks
, 0);
4558 * Account for index blocks, block groups bitmaps and block group
4559 * descriptor blocks if modify datablocks and index blocks
4560 * worse case, the indexs blocks spread over different block groups
4562 * If datablocks are discontiguous, they are possible to spread over
4563 * different block groups too. If they are contiugous, with flexbg,
4564 * they could still across block group boundary.
4566 * Also account for superblock, inode, quota and xattr blocks
4568 int ext4_meta_trans_blocks(struct inode
*inode
, int nrblocks
, int chunk
)
4570 int groups
, gdpblocks
;
4575 * How many index blocks need to touch to modify nrblocks?
4576 * The "Chunk" flag indicating whether the nrblocks is
4577 * physically contiguous on disk
4579 * For Direct IO and fallocate, they calls get_block to allocate
4580 * one single extent at a time, so they could set the "Chunk" flag
4582 idxblocks
= ext4_index_trans_blocks(inode
, nrblocks
, chunk
);
4587 * Now let's see how many group bitmaps and group descriptors need
4597 if (groups
> EXT4_SB(inode
->i_sb
)->s_groups_count
)
4598 groups
= EXT4_SB(inode
->i_sb
)->s_groups_count
;
4599 if (groups
> EXT4_SB(inode
->i_sb
)->s_gdb_count
)
4600 gdpblocks
= EXT4_SB(inode
->i_sb
)->s_gdb_count
;
4602 /* bitmaps and block group descriptor blocks */
4603 ret
+= groups
+ gdpblocks
;
4605 /* Blocks for super block, inode, quota and xattr blocks */
4606 ret
+= EXT4_META_TRANS_BLOCKS(inode
->i_sb
);
4612 * Calulate the total number of credits to reserve to fit
4613 * the modification of a single pages into a single transaction,
4614 * which may include multiple chunks of block allocations.
4616 * This could be called via ext4_write_begin()
4618 * We need to consider the worse case, when
4619 * one new block per extent.
4621 int ext4_writepage_trans_blocks(struct inode
*inode
)
4623 int bpp
= ext4_journal_blocks_per_page(inode
);
4626 ret
= ext4_meta_trans_blocks(inode
, bpp
, 0);
4628 /* Account for data blocks for journalled mode */
4629 if (ext4_should_journal_data(inode
))
4635 * Calculate the journal credits for a chunk of data modification.
4637 * This is called from DIO, fallocate or whoever calling
4638 * ext4_get_blocks_wrap() to map/allocate a chunk of contigous disk blocks.
4640 * journal buffers for data blocks are not included here, as DIO
4641 * and fallocate do no need to journal data buffers.
4643 int ext4_chunk_trans_blocks(struct inode
*inode
, int nrblocks
)
4645 return ext4_meta_trans_blocks(inode
, nrblocks
, 1);
4649 * The caller must have previously called ext4_reserve_inode_write().
4650 * Give this, we know that the caller already has write access to iloc->bh.
4652 int ext4_mark_iloc_dirty(handle_t
*handle
,
4653 struct inode
*inode
, struct ext4_iloc
*iloc
)
4657 if (test_opt(inode
->i_sb
, I_VERSION
))
4658 inode_inc_iversion(inode
);
4660 /* the do_update_inode consumes one bh->b_count */
4663 /* ext4_do_update_inode() does jbd2_journal_dirty_metadata */
4664 err
= ext4_do_update_inode(handle
, inode
, iloc
);
4670 * On success, We end up with an outstanding reference count against
4671 * iloc->bh. This _must_ be cleaned up later.
4675 ext4_reserve_inode_write(handle_t
*handle
, struct inode
*inode
,
4676 struct ext4_iloc
*iloc
)
4680 err
= ext4_get_inode_loc(inode
, iloc
);
4682 BUFFER_TRACE(iloc
->bh
, "get_write_access");
4683 err
= ext4_journal_get_write_access(handle
, iloc
->bh
);
4690 ext4_std_error(inode
->i_sb
, err
);
4695 * Expand an inode by new_extra_isize bytes.
4696 * Returns 0 on success or negative error number on failure.
4698 static int ext4_expand_extra_isize(struct inode
*inode
,
4699 unsigned int new_extra_isize
,
4700 struct ext4_iloc iloc
,
4703 struct ext4_inode
*raw_inode
;
4704 struct ext4_xattr_ibody_header
*header
;
4705 struct ext4_xattr_entry
*entry
;
4707 if (EXT4_I(inode
)->i_extra_isize
>= new_extra_isize
)
4710 raw_inode
= ext4_raw_inode(&iloc
);
4712 header
= IHDR(inode
, raw_inode
);
4713 entry
= IFIRST(header
);
4715 /* No extended attributes present */
4716 if (!(EXT4_I(inode
)->i_state
& EXT4_STATE_XATTR
) ||
4717 header
->h_magic
!= cpu_to_le32(EXT4_XATTR_MAGIC
)) {
4718 memset((void *)raw_inode
+ EXT4_GOOD_OLD_INODE_SIZE
, 0,
4720 EXT4_I(inode
)->i_extra_isize
= new_extra_isize
;
4724 /* try to expand with EAs present */
4725 return ext4_expand_extra_isize_ea(inode
, new_extra_isize
,
4730 * What we do here is to mark the in-core inode as clean with respect to inode
4731 * dirtiness (it may still be data-dirty).
4732 * This means that the in-core inode may be reaped by prune_icache
4733 * without having to perform any I/O. This is a very good thing,
4734 * because *any* task may call prune_icache - even ones which
4735 * have a transaction open against a different journal.
4737 * Is this cheating? Not really. Sure, we haven't written the
4738 * inode out, but prune_icache isn't a user-visible syncing function.
4739 * Whenever the user wants stuff synced (sys_sync, sys_msync, sys_fsync)
4740 * we start and wait on commits.
4742 * Is this efficient/effective? Well, we're being nice to the system
4743 * by cleaning up our inodes proactively so they can be reaped
4744 * without I/O. But we are potentially leaving up to five seconds'
4745 * worth of inodes floating about which prune_icache wants us to
4746 * write out. One way to fix that would be to get prune_icache()
4747 * to do a write_super() to free up some memory. It has the desired
4750 int ext4_mark_inode_dirty(handle_t
*handle
, struct inode
*inode
)
4752 struct ext4_iloc iloc
;
4753 struct ext4_sb_info
*sbi
= EXT4_SB(inode
->i_sb
);
4754 static unsigned int mnt_count
;
4758 err
= ext4_reserve_inode_write(handle
, inode
, &iloc
);
4759 if (EXT4_I(inode
)->i_extra_isize
< sbi
->s_want_extra_isize
&&
4760 !(EXT4_I(inode
)->i_state
& EXT4_STATE_NO_EXPAND
)) {
4762 * We need extra buffer credits since we may write into EA block
4763 * with this same handle. If journal_extend fails, then it will
4764 * only result in a minor loss of functionality for that inode.
4765 * If this is felt to be critical, then e2fsck should be run to
4766 * force a large enough s_min_extra_isize.
4768 if ((jbd2_journal_extend(handle
,
4769 EXT4_DATA_TRANS_BLOCKS(inode
->i_sb
))) == 0) {
4770 ret
= ext4_expand_extra_isize(inode
,
4771 sbi
->s_want_extra_isize
,
4774 EXT4_I(inode
)->i_state
|= EXT4_STATE_NO_EXPAND
;
4776 le16_to_cpu(sbi
->s_es
->s_mnt_count
)) {
4777 ext4_warning(inode
->i_sb
, __func__
,
4778 "Unable to expand inode %lu. Delete"
4779 " some EAs or run e2fsck.",
4782 le16_to_cpu(sbi
->s_es
->s_mnt_count
);
4788 err
= ext4_mark_iloc_dirty(handle
, inode
, &iloc
);
4793 * ext4_dirty_inode() is called from __mark_inode_dirty()
4795 * We're really interested in the case where a file is being extended.
4796 * i_size has been changed by generic_commit_write() and we thus need
4797 * to include the updated inode in the current transaction.
4799 * Also, DQUOT_ALLOC_SPACE() will always dirty the inode when blocks
4800 * are allocated to the file.
4802 * If the inode is marked synchronous, we don't honour that here - doing
4803 * so would cause a commit on atime updates, which we don't bother doing.
4804 * We handle synchronous inodes at the highest possible level.
4806 void ext4_dirty_inode(struct inode
*inode
)
4808 handle_t
*current_handle
= ext4_journal_current_handle();
4811 handle
= ext4_journal_start(inode
, 2);
4814 if (current_handle
&&
4815 current_handle
->h_transaction
!= handle
->h_transaction
) {
4816 /* This task has a transaction open against a different fs */
4817 printk(KERN_EMERG
"%s: transactions do not match!\n",
4820 jbd_debug(5, "marking dirty. outer handle=%p\n",
4822 ext4_mark_inode_dirty(handle
, inode
);
4824 ext4_journal_stop(handle
);
4831 * Bind an inode's backing buffer_head into this transaction, to prevent
4832 * it from being flushed to disk early. Unlike
4833 * ext4_reserve_inode_write, this leaves behind no bh reference and
4834 * returns no iloc structure, so the caller needs to repeat the iloc
4835 * lookup to mark the inode dirty later.
4837 static int ext4_pin_inode(handle_t
*handle
, struct inode
*inode
)
4839 struct ext4_iloc iloc
;
4843 err
= ext4_get_inode_loc(inode
, &iloc
);
4845 BUFFER_TRACE(iloc
.bh
, "get_write_access");
4846 err
= jbd2_journal_get_write_access(handle
, iloc
.bh
);
4848 err
= ext4_journal_dirty_metadata(handle
,
4853 ext4_std_error(inode
->i_sb
, err
);
4858 int ext4_change_inode_journal_flag(struct inode
*inode
, int val
)
4865 * We have to be very careful here: changing a data block's
4866 * journaling status dynamically is dangerous. If we write a
4867 * data block to the journal, change the status and then delete
4868 * that block, we risk forgetting to revoke the old log record
4869 * from the journal and so a subsequent replay can corrupt data.
4870 * So, first we make sure that the journal is empty and that
4871 * nobody is changing anything.
4874 journal
= EXT4_JOURNAL(inode
);
4875 if (is_journal_aborted(journal
))
4878 jbd2_journal_lock_updates(journal
);
4879 jbd2_journal_flush(journal
);
4882 * OK, there are no updates running now, and all cached data is
4883 * synced to disk. We are now in a completely consistent state
4884 * which doesn't have anything in the journal, and we know that
4885 * no filesystem updates are running, so it is safe to modify
4886 * the inode's in-core data-journaling state flag now.
4890 EXT4_I(inode
)->i_flags
|= EXT4_JOURNAL_DATA_FL
;
4892 EXT4_I(inode
)->i_flags
&= ~EXT4_JOURNAL_DATA_FL
;
4893 ext4_set_aops(inode
);
4895 jbd2_journal_unlock_updates(journal
);
4897 /* Finally we can mark the inode as dirty. */
4899 handle
= ext4_journal_start(inode
, 1);
4901 return PTR_ERR(handle
);
4903 err
= ext4_mark_inode_dirty(handle
, inode
);
4905 ext4_journal_stop(handle
);
4906 ext4_std_error(inode
->i_sb
, err
);
4911 static int ext4_bh_unmapped(handle_t
*handle
, struct buffer_head
*bh
)
4913 return !buffer_mapped(bh
);
4916 int ext4_page_mkwrite(struct vm_area_struct
*vma
, struct page
*page
)
4922 struct file
*file
= vma
->vm_file
;
4923 struct inode
*inode
= file
->f_path
.dentry
->d_inode
;
4924 struct address_space
*mapping
= inode
->i_mapping
;
4927 * Get i_alloc_sem to stop truncates messing with the inode. We cannot
4928 * get i_mutex because we are already holding mmap_sem.
4930 down_read(&inode
->i_alloc_sem
);
4931 size
= i_size_read(inode
);
4932 if (page
->mapping
!= mapping
|| size
<= page_offset(page
)
4933 || !PageUptodate(page
)) {
4934 /* page got truncated from under us? */
4938 if (PageMappedToDisk(page
))
4941 if (page
->index
== size
>> PAGE_CACHE_SHIFT
)
4942 len
= size
& ~PAGE_CACHE_MASK
;
4944 len
= PAGE_CACHE_SIZE
;
4946 if (page_has_buffers(page
)) {
4947 /* return if we have all the buffers mapped */
4948 if (!walk_page_buffers(NULL
, page_buffers(page
), 0, len
, NULL
,
4953 * OK, we need to fill the hole... Do write_begin write_end
4954 * to do block allocation/reservation.We are not holding
4955 * inode.i__mutex here. That allow * parallel write_begin,
4956 * write_end call. lock_page prevent this from happening
4957 * on the same page though
4959 ret
= mapping
->a_ops
->write_begin(file
, mapping
, page_offset(page
),
4960 len
, AOP_FLAG_UNINTERRUPTIBLE
, &page
, &fsdata
);
4963 ret
= mapping
->a_ops
->write_end(file
, mapping
, page_offset(page
),
4964 len
, len
, page
, fsdata
);
4969 up_read(&inode
->i_alloc_sem
);