3 * Copyright (C) 1995-1996 Gary Thomas (gdt@linuxppc.org)
5 * Modifications by Paul Mackerras (PowerMac) (paulus@cs.anu.edu.au)
6 * and Cort Dougan (PReP) (cort@cs.nmt.edu)
7 * Copyright (C) 1996 Paul Mackerras
8 * PPC44x/36-bit changes by Matt Porter (mporter@mvista.com)
10 * Derived from "arch/i386/mm/init.c"
11 * Copyright (C) 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994 Linus Torvalds
13 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
14 * modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
15 * as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version
16 * 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
20 #include <linux/module.h>
21 #include <linux/sched.h>
22 #include <linux/kernel.h>
23 #include <linux/errno.h>
24 #include <linux/string.h>
25 #include <linux/types.h>
27 #include <linux/stddef.h>
28 #include <linux/init.h>
29 #include <linux/bootmem.h>
30 #include <linux/highmem.h>
31 #include <linux/initrd.h>
32 #include <linux/pagemap.h>
33 #include <linux/suspend.h>
34 #include <linux/lmb.h>
36 #include <asm/pgalloc.h>
39 #include <asm/mmu_context.h>
40 #include <asm/pgtable.h>
43 #include <asm/machdep.h>
44 #include <asm/btext.h>
46 #include <asm/sections.h>
48 #include <asm/fixmap.h>
52 #ifndef CPU_FTR_COHERENT_ICACHE
53 #define CPU_FTR_COHERENT_ICACHE 0 /* XXX for now */
54 #define CPU_FTR_NOEXECUTE 0
57 int init_bootmem_done
;
59 unsigned long memory_limit
;
65 EXPORT_SYMBOL(kmap_prot
);
66 EXPORT_SYMBOL(kmap_pte
);
68 static inline pte_t
*virt_to_kpte(unsigned long vaddr
)
70 return pte_offset_kernel(pmd_offset(pud_offset(pgd_offset_k(vaddr
),
71 vaddr
), vaddr
), vaddr
);
75 int page_is_ram(unsigned long pfn
)
77 unsigned long paddr
= (pfn
<< PAGE_SHIFT
);
79 #ifndef CONFIG_PPC64 /* XXX for now */
80 return paddr
< __pa(high_memory
);
83 for (i
=0; i
< lmb
.memory
.cnt
; i
++) {
86 base
= lmb
.memory
.region
[i
].base
;
88 if ((paddr
>= base
) &&
89 (paddr
< (base
+ lmb
.memory
.region
[i
].size
))) {
98 pgprot_t
phys_mem_access_prot(struct file
*file
, unsigned long pfn
,
99 unsigned long size
, pgprot_t vma_prot
)
101 if (ppc_md
.phys_mem_access_prot
)
102 return ppc_md
.phys_mem_access_prot(file
, pfn
, size
, vma_prot
);
104 if (!page_is_ram(pfn
))
105 vma_prot
= __pgprot(pgprot_val(vma_prot
)
106 | _PAGE_GUARDED
| _PAGE_NO_CACHE
);
109 EXPORT_SYMBOL(phys_mem_access_prot
);
111 #ifdef CONFIG_MEMORY_HOTPLUG
113 void online_page(struct page
*page
)
115 ClearPageReserved(page
);
116 init_page_count(page
);
123 int memory_add_physaddr_to_nid(u64 start
)
125 return hot_add_scn_to_nid(start
);
129 int arch_add_memory(int nid
, u64 start
, u64 size
)
131 struct pglist_data
*pgdata
;
133 unsigned long start_pfn
= start
>> PAGE_SHIFT
;
134 unsigned long nr_pages
= size
>> PAGE_SHIFT
;
136 pgdata
= NODE_DATA(nid
);
138 start
= (unsigned long)__va(start
);
139 create_section_mapping(start
, start
+ size
);
141 /* this should work for most non-highmem platforms */
142 zone
= pgdata
->node_zones
;
144 return __add_pages(zone
, start_pfn
, nr_pages
);
147 #ifdef CONFIG_MEMORY_HOTREMOVE
148 int remove_memory(u64 start
, u64 size
)
150 unsigned long start_pfn
, end_pfn
;
153 start_pfn
= start
>> PAGE_SHIFT
;
154 end_pfn
= start_pfn
+ (size
>> PAGE_SHIFT
);
155 ret
= offline_pages(start_pfn
, end_pfn
, 120 * HZ
);
158 /* Arch-specific calls go here - next patch */
162 #endif /* CONFIG_MEMORY_HOTREMOVE */
165 * walk_memory_resource() needs to make sure there is no holes in a given
166 * memory range. On PPC64, since this range comes from /sysfs, the range
167 * is guaranteed to be valid, non-overlapping and can not contain any
168 * holes. By the time we get here (memory add or remove), /proc/device-tree
169 * is updated and correct. Only reason we need to check against device-tree
170 * would be if we allow user-land to specify a memory range through a
171 * system call/ioctl etc. instead of doing offline/online through /sysfs.
174 walk_memory_resource(unsigned long start_pfn
, unsigned long nr_pages
, void *arg
,
175 int (*func
)(unsigned long, unsigned long, void *))
177 return (*func
)(start_pfn
, nr_pages
, arg
);
180 #endif /* CONFIG_MEMORY_HOTPLUG */
184 unsigned long total
= 0, reserved
= 0;
185 unsigned long shared
= 0, cached
= 0;
186 unsigned long highmem
= 0;
191 printk("Mem-info:\n");
193 for_each_online_pgdat(pgdat
) {
195 pgdat_resize_lock(pgdat
, &flags
);
196 for (i
= 0; i
< pgdat
->node_spanned_pages
; i
++) {
197 if (!pfn_valid(pgdat
->node_start_pfn
+ i
))
199 page
= pgdat_page_nr(pgdat
, i
);
201 if (PageHighMem(page
))
203 if (PageReserved(page
))
205 else if (PageSwapCache(page
))
207 else if (page_count(page
))
208 shared
+= page_count(page
) - 1;
210 pgdat_resize_unlock(pgdat
, &flags
);
212 printk("%ld pages of RAM\n", total
);
213 #ifdef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
214 printk("%ld pages of HIGHMEM\n", highmem
);
216 printk("%ld reserved pages\n", reserved
);
217 printk("%ld pages shared\n", shared
);
218 printk("%ld pages swap cached\n", cached
);
222 * Initialize the bootmem system and give it all the memory we
223 * have available. If we are using highmem, we only put the
224 * lowmem into the bootmem system.
226 #ifndef CONFIG_NEED_MULTIPLE_NODES
227 void __init
do_init_bootmem(void)
230 unsigned long start
, bootmap_pages
;
231 unsigned long total_pages
;
234 max_low_pfn
= max_pfn
= lmb_end_of_DRAM() >> PAGE_SHIFT
;
235 total_pages
= (lmb_end_of_DRAM() - memstart_addr
) >> PAGE_SHIFT
;
236 #ifdef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
237 total_pages
= total_lowmem
>> PAGE_SHIFT
;
238 max_low_pfn
= lowmem_end_addr
>> PAGE_SHIFT
;
242 * Find an area to use for the bootmem bitmap. Calculate the size of
243 * bitmap required as (Total Memory) / PAGE_SIZE / BITS_PER_BYTE.
244 * Add 1 additional page in case the address isn't page-aligned.
246 bootmap_pages
= bootmem_bootmap_pages(total_pages
);
248 start
= lmb_alloc(bootmap_pages
<< PAGE_SHIFT
, PAGE_SIZE
);
250 min_low_pfn
= MEMORY_START
>> PAGE_SHIFT
;
251 boot_mapsize
= init_bootmem_node(NODE_DATA(0), start
>> PAGE_SHIFT
, min_low_pfn
, max_low_pfn
);
253 /* Add active regions with valid PFNs */
254 for (i
= 0; i
< lmb
.memory
.cnt
; i
++) {
255 unsigned long start_pfn
, end_pfn
;
256 start_pfn
= lmb
.memory
.region
[i
].base
>> PAGE_SHIFT
;
257 end_pfn
= start_pfn
+ lmb_size_pages(&lmb
.memory
, i
);
258 add_active_range(0, start_pfn
, end_pfn
);
261 /* Add all physical memory to the bootmem map, mark each area
264 #ifdef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
265 free_bootmem_with_active_regions(0, lowmem_end_addr
>> PAGE_SHIFT
);
267 /* reserve the sections we're already using */
268 for (i
= 0; i
< lmb
.reserved
.cnt
; i
++) {
269 unsigned long addr
= lmb
.reserved
.region
[i
].base
+
270 lmb_size_bytes(&lmb
.reserved
, i
) - 1;
271 if (addr
< lowmem_end_addr
)
272 reserve_bootmem(lmb
.reserved
.region
[i
].base
,
273 lmb_size_bytes(&lmb
.reserved
, i
),
275 else if (lmb
.reserved
.region
[i
].base
< lowmem_end_addr
) {
276 unsigned long adjusted_size
= lowmem_end_addr
-
277 lmb
.reserved
.region
[i
].base
;
278 reserve_bootmem(lmb
.reserved
.region
[i
].base
,
279 adjusted_size
, BOOTMEM_DEFAULT
);
283 free_bootmem_with_active_regions(0, max_pfn
);
285 /* reserve the sections we're already using */
286 for (i
= 0; i
< lmb
.reserved
.cnt
; i
++)
287 reserve_bootmem(lmb
.reserved
.region
[i
].base
,
288 lmb_size_bytes(&lmb
.reserved
, i
),
292 /* XXX need to clip this if using highmem? */
293 sparse_memory_present_with_active_regions(0);
295 init_bootmem_done
= 1;
298 /* mark pages that don't exist as nosave */
299 static int __init
mark_nonram_nosave(void)
301 unsigned long lmb_next_region_start_pfn
,
305 for (i
= 0; i
< lmb
.memory
.cnt
- 1; i
++) {
307 (lmb
.memory
.region
[i
].base
>> PAGE_SHIFT
) +
308 (lmb
.memory
.region
[i
].size
>> PAGE_SHIFT
);
309 lmb_next_region_start_pfn
=
310 lmb
.memory
.region
[i
+1].base
>> PAGE_SHIFT
;
312 if (lmb_region_max_pfn
< lmb_next_region_start_pfn
)
313 register_nosave_region(lmb_region_max_pfn
,
314 lmb_next_region_start_pfn
);
321 * paging_init() sets up the page tables - in fact we've already done this.
323 void __init
paging_init(void)
325 unsigned long total_ram
= lmb_phys_mem_size();
326 unsigned long top_of_ram
= lmb_end_of_DRAM();
327 unsigned long max_zone_pfns
[MAX_NR_ZONES
];
330 unsigned long v
= __fix_to_virt(__end_of_fixed_addresses
- 1);
331 unsigned long end
= __fix_to_virt(FIX_HOLE
);
333 for (; v
< end
; v
+= PAGE_SIZE
)
334 map_page(v
, 0, 0); /* XXX gross */
337 #ifdef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
338 map_page(PKMAP_BASE
, 0, 0); /* XXX gross */
339 pkmap_page_table
= virt_to_kpte(PKMAP_BASE
);
341 kmap_pte
= virt_to_kpte(__fix_to_virt(FIX_KMAP_BEGIN
));
342 kmap_prot
= PAGE_KERNEL
;
343 #endif /* CONFIG_HIGHMEM */
345 printk(KERN_DEBUG
"Top of RAM: 0x%lx, Total RAM: 0x%lx\n",
346 top_of_ram
, total_ram
);
347 printk(KERN_DEBUG
"Memory hole size: %ldMB\n",
348 (top_of_ram
- total_ram
) >> 20);
349 memset(max_zone_pfns
, 0, sizeof(max_zone_pfns
));
350 #ifdef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
351 max_zone_pfns
[ZONE_DMA
] = lowmem_end_addr
>> PAGE_SHIFT
;
352 max_zone_pfns
[ZONE_HIGHMEM
] = top_of_ram
>> PAGE_SHIFT
;
354 max_zone_pfns
[ZONE_DMA
] = top_of_ram
>> PAGE_SHIFT
;
356 free_area_init_nodes(max_zone_pfns
);
358 mark_nonram_nosave();
360 #endif /* ! CONFIG_NEED_MULTIPLE_NODES */
362 void __init
mem_init(void)
364 #ifdef CONFIG_NEED_MULTIPLE_NODES
370 unsigned long reservedpages
= 0, codesize
, initsize
, datasize
, bsssize
;
372 num_physpages
= lmb
.memory
.size
>> PAGE_SHIFT
;
373 high_memory
= (void *) __va(max_low_pfn
* PAGE_SIZE
);
375 #ifdef CONFIG_NEED_MULTIPLE_NODES
376 for_each_online_node(nid
) {
377 if (NODE_DATA(nid
)->node_spanned_pages
!= 0) {
378 printk("freeing bootmem node %d\n", nid
);
380 free_all_bootmem_node(NODE_DATA(nid
));
385 totalram_pages
+= free_all_bootmem();
387 for_each_online_pgdat(pgdat
) {
388 for (i
= 0; i
< pgdat
->node_spanned_pages
; i
++) {
389 if (!pfn_valid(pgdat
->node_start_pfn
+ i
))
391 page
= pgdat_page_nr(pgdat
, i
);
392 if (PageReserved(page
))
397 codesize
= (unsigned long)&_sdata
- (unsigned long)&_stext
;
398 datasize
= (unsigned long)&_edata
- (unsigned long)&_sdata
;
399 initsize
= (unsigned long)&__init_end
- (unsigned long)&__init_begin
;
400 bsssize
= (unsigned long)&__bss_stop
- (unsigned long)&__bss_start
;
402 #ifdef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
404 unsigned long pfn
, highmem_mapnr
;
406 highmem_mapnr
= lowmem_end_addr
>> PAGE_SHIFT
;
407 for (pfn
= highmem_mapnr
; pfn
< max_mapnr
; ++pfn
) {
408 struct page
*page
= pfn_to_page(pfn
);
409 if (lmb_is_reserved(pfn
<< PAGE_SHIFT
))
411 ClearPageReserved(page
);
412 init_page_count(page
);
417 totalram_pages
+= totalhigh_pages
;
418 printk(KERN_DEBUG
"High memory: %luk\n",
419 totalhigh_pages
<< (PAGE_SHIFT
-10));
421 #endif /* CONFIG_HIGHMEM */
423 printk(KERN_INFO
"Memory: %luk/%luk available (%luk kernel code, "
424 "%luk reserved, %luk data, %luk bss, %luk init)\n",
425 (unsigned long)nr_free_pages() << (PAGE_SHIFT
-10),
426 num_physpages
<< (PAGE_SHIFT
-10),
428 reservedpages
<< (PAGE_SHIFT
-10),
437 * This is called when a page has been modified by the kernel.
438 * It just marks the page as not i-cache clean. We do the i-cache
439 * flush later when the page is given to a user process, if necessary.
441 void flush_dcache_page(struct page
*page
)
443 if (cpu_has_feature(CPU_FTR_COHERENT_ICACHE
))
445 /* avoid an atomic op if possible */
446 if (test_bit(PG_arch_1
, &page
->flags
))
447 clear_bit(PG_arch_1
, &page
->flags
);
449 EXPORT_SYMBOL(flush_dcache_page
);
451 void flush_dcache_icache_page(struct page
*page
)
454 void *start
= kmap_atomic(page
, KM_PPC_SYNC_ICACHE
);
455 __flush_dcache_icache(start
);
456 kunmap_atomic(start
, KM_PPC_SYNC_ICACHE
);
457 #elif defined(CONFIG_8xx) || defined(CONFIG_PPC64)
458 /* On 8xx there is no need to kmap since highmem is not supported */
459 __flush_dcache_icache(page_address(page
));
461 __flush_dcache_icache_phys(page_to_pfn(page
) << PAGE_SHIFT
);
465 void clear_user_page(void *page
, unsigned long vaddr
, struct page
*pg
)
470 * We shouldnt have to do this, but some versions of glibc
471 * require it (ld.so assumes zero filled pages are icache clean)
474 flush_dcache_page(pg
);
476 EXPORT_SYMBOL(clear_user_page
);
478 void copy_user_page(void *vto
, void *vfrom
, unsigned long vaddr
,
481 copy_page(vto
, vfrom
);
484 * We should be able to use the following optimisation, however
485 * there are two problems.
486 * Firstly a bug in some versions of binutils meant PLT sections
487 * were not marked executable.
488 * Secondly the first word in the GOT section is blrl, used
489 * to establish the GOT address. Until recently the GOT was
490 * not marked executable.
494 if (!vma
->vm_file
&& ((vma
->vm_flags
& VM_EXEC
) == 0))
498 flush_dcache_page(pg
);
501 void flush_icache_user_range(struct vm_area_struct
*vma
, struct page
*page
,
502 unsigned long addr
, int len
)
506 maddr
= (unsigned long) kmap(page
) + (addr
& ~PAGE_MASK
);
507 flush_icache_range(maddr
, maddr
+ len
);
510 EXPORT_SYMBOL(flush_icache_user_range
);
513 * This is called at the end of handling a user page fault, when the
514 * fault has been handled by updating a PTE in the linux page tables.
515 * We use it to preload an HPTE into the hash table corresponding to
516 * the updated linux PTE.
518 * This must always be called with the pte lock held.
520 void update_mmu_cache(struct vm_area_struct
*vma
, unsigned long address
,
523 #ifdef CONFIG_PPC_STD_MMU
524 unsigned long access
= 0, trap
;
526 unsigned long pfn
= pte_pfn(pte
);
528 /* handle i-cache coherency */
529 if (!cpu_has_feature(CPU_FTR_COHERENT_ICACHE
) &&
530 !cpu_has_feature(CPU_FTR_NOEXECUTE
) &&
532 struct page
*page
= pfn_to_page(pfn
);
534 /* On 8xx, cache control instructions (particularly
535 * "dcbst" from flush_dcache_icache) fault as write
536 * operation if there is an unpopulated TLB entry
537 * for the address in question. To workaround that,
538 * we invalidate the TLB here, thus avoiding dcbst
541 _tlbie(address
, 0 /* 8xx doesn't care about PID */);
543 /* The _PAGE_USER test should really be _PAGE_EXEC, but
544 * older glibc versions execute some code from no-exec
545 * pages, which for now we are supporting. If exec-only
546 * pages are ever implemented, this will have to change.
548 if (!PageReserved(page
) && (pte_val(pte
) & _PAGE_USER
)
549 && !test_bit(PG_arch_1
, &page
->flags
)) {
550 if (vma
->vm_mm
== current
->active_mm
) {
551 __flush_dcache_icache((void *) address
);
553 flush_dcache_icache_page(page
);
554 set_bit(PG_arch_1
, &page
->flags
);
558 #ifdef CONFIG_PPC_STD_MMU
559 /* We only want HPTEs for linux PTEs that have _PAGE_ACCESSED set */
560 if (!pte_young(pte
) || address
>= TASK_SIZE
)
563 /* We try to figure out if we are coming from an instruction
564 * access fault and pass that down to __hash_page so we avoid
565 * double-faulting on execution of fresh text. We have to test
566 * for regs NULL since init will get here first thing at boot
568 * We also avoid filling the hash if not coming from a fault
570 if (current
->thread
.regs
== NULL
)
572 trap
= TRAP(current
->thread
.regs
);
574 access
|= _PAGE_EXEC
;
575 else if (trap
!= 0x300)
577 hash_preload(vma
->vm_mm
, address
, access
, trap
);
578 #endif /* CONFIG_PPC_STD_MMU */