1 #ifndef _LINUX_MMZONE_H
2 #define _LINUX_MMZONE_H
7 #include <linux/config.h>
8 #include <linux/spinlock.h>
9 #include <linux/list.h>
10 #include <linux/wait.h>
11 #include <linux/cache.h>
12 #include <linux/threads.h>
13 #include <linux/numa.h>
14 #include <linux/init.h>
15 #include <linux/seqlock.h>
16 #include <linux/nodemask.h>
17 #include <asm/atomic.h>
19 /* Free memory management - zoned buddy allocator. */
20 #ifndef CONFIG_FORCE_MAX_ZONEORDER
23 #define MAX_ORDER CONFIG_FORCE_MAX_ZONEORDER
27 struct list_head free_list
;
28 unsigned long nr_free
;
34 * zone->lock and zone->lru_lock are two of the hottest locks in the kernel.
35 * So add a wild amount of padding here to ensure that they fall into separate
36 * cachelines. There are very few zone structures in the machine, so space
37 * consumption is not a concern here.
39 #if defined(CONFIG_SMP)
42 } ____cacheline_internodealigned_in_smp
;
43 #define ZONE_PADDING(name) struct zone_padding name;
45 #define ZONE_PADDING(name)
48 struct per_cpu_pages
{
49 int count
; /* number of pages in the list */
50 int high
; /* high watermark, emptying needed */
51 int batch
; /* chunk size for buddy add/remove */
52 struct list_head list
; /* the list of pages */
55 struct per_cpu_pageset
{
56 struct per_cpu_pages pcp
[2]; /* 0: hot. 1: cold */
58 unsigned long numa_hit
; /* allocated in intended node */
59 unsigned long numa_miss
; /* allocated in non intended node */
60 unsigned long numa_foreign
; /* was intended here, hit elsewhere */
61 unsigned long interleave_hit
; /* interleaver prefered this zone */
62 unsigned long local_node
; /* allocation from local node */
63 unsigned long other_node
; /* allocation from other node */
65 } ____cacheline_aligned_in_smp
;
68 #define zone_pcp(__z, __cpu) ((__z)->pageset[(__cpu)])
70 #define zone_pcp(__z, __cpu) (&(__z)->pageset[(__cpu)])
76 #define ZONE_HIGHMEM 3
78 #define MAX_NR_ZONES 4 /* Sync this with ZONES_SHIFT */
79 #define ZONES_SHIFT 2 /* ceil(log2(MAX_NR_ZONES)) */
83 * When a memory allocation must conform to specific limitations (such
84 * as being suitable for DMA) the caller will pass in hints to the
85 * allocator in the gfp_mask, in the zone modifier bits. These bits
86 * are used to select a priority ordered list of memory zones which
87 * match the requested limits. GFP_ZONEMASK defines which bits within
88 * the gfp_mask should be considered as zone modifiers. Each valid
89 * combination of the zone modifier bits has a corresponding list
90 * of zones (in node_zonelists). Thus for two zone modifiers there
91 * will be a maximum of 4 (2 ** 2) zonelists, for 3 modifiers there will
92 * be 8 (2 ** 3) zonelists. GFP_ZONETYPES defines the number of possible
93 * combinations of zone modifiers in "zone modifier space".
95 * As an optimisation any zone modifier bits which are only valid when
96 * no other zone modifier bits are set (loners) should be placed in
97 * the highest order bits of this field. This allows us to reduce the
98 * extent of the zonelists thus saving space. For example in the case
99 * of three zone modifier bits, we could require up to eight zonelists.
100 * If the left most zone modifier is a "loner" then the highest valid
101 * zonelist would be four allowing us to allocate only five zonelists.
102 * Use the first form for GFP_ZONETYPES when the left most bit is not
103 * a "loner", otherwise use the second.
105 * NOTE! Make sure this matches the zones in <linux/gfp.h>
107 #define GFP_ZONEMASK 0x07
108 /* #define GFP_ZONETYPES (GFP_ZONEMASK + 1) */ /* Non-loner */
109 #define GFP_ZONETYPES ((GFP_ZONEMASK + 1) / 2 + 1) /* Loner */
112 * On machines where it is needed (eg PCs) we divide physical memory
113 * into multiple physical zones. On a 32bit PC we have 4 zones:
115 * ZONE_DMA < 16 MB ISA DMA capable memory
116 * ZONE_DMA32 0 MB Empty
117 * ZONE_NORMAL 16-896 MB direct mapped by the kernel
118 * ZONE_HIGHMEM > 896 MB only page cache and user processes
122 /* Fields commonly accessed by the page allocator */
123 unsigned long free_pages
;
124 unsigned long pages_min
, pages_low
, pages_high
;
126 * We don't know if the memory that we're going to allocate will be freeable
127 * or/and it will be released eventually, so to avoid totally wasting several
128 * GB of ram we must reserve some of the lower zone memory (otherwise we risk
129 * to run OOM on the lower zones despite there's tons of freeable ram
130 * on the higher zones). This array is recalculated at runtime if the
131 * sysctl_lowmem_reserve_ratio sysctl changes.
133 unsigned long lowmem_reserve
[MAX_NR_ZONES
];
136 struct per_cpu_pageset
*pageset
[NR_CPUS
];
138 struct per_cpu_pageset pageset
[NR_CPUS
];
141 * free areas of different sizes
144 #ifdef CONFIG_MEMORY_HOTPLUG
145 /* see spanned/present_pages for more description */
146 seqlock_t span_seqlock
;
148 struct free_area free_area
[MAX_ORDER
];
153 /* Fields commonly accessed by the page reclaim scanner */
155 struct list_head active_list
;
156 struct list_head inactive_list
;
157 unsigned long nr_scan_active
;
158 unsigned long nr_scan_inactive
;
159 unsigned long nr_active
;
160 unsigned long nr_inactive
;
161 unsigned long pages_scanned
; /* since last reclaim */
162 int all_unreclaimable
; /* All pages pinned */
164 /* A count of how many reclaimers are scanning this zone */
165 atomic_t reclaim_in_progress
;
168 * timestamp (in jiffies) of the last zone reclaim that did not
169 * result in freeing of pages. This is used to avoid repeated scans
170 * if all memory in the zone is in use.
172 unsigned long last_unsuccessful_zone_reclaim
;
175 * prev_priority holds the scanning priority for this zone. It is
176 * defined as the scanning priority at which we achieved our reclaim
177 * target at the previous try_to_free_pages() or balance_pgdat()
180 * We use prev_priority as a measure of how much stress page reclaim is
181 * under - it drives the swappiness decision: whether to unmap mapped
184 * temp_priority is used to remember the scanning priority at which
185 * this zone was successfully refilled to free_pages == pages_high.
187 * Access to both these fields is quite racy even on uniprocessor. But
188 * it is expected to average out OK.
195 /* Rarely used or read-mostly fields */
198 * wait_table -- the array holding the hash table
199 * wait_table_size -- the size of the hash table array
200 * wait_table_bits -- wait_table_size == (1 << wait_table_bits)
202 * The purpose of all these is to keep track of the people
203 * waiting for a page to become available and make them
204 * runnable again when possible. The trouble is that this
205 * consumes a lot of space, especially when so few things
206 * wait on pages at a given time. So instead of using
207 * per-page waitqueues, we use a waitqueue hash table.
209 * The bucket discipline is to sleep on the same queue when
210 * colliding and wake all in that wait queue when removing.
211 * When something wakes, it must check to be sure its page is
212 * truly available, a la thundering herd. The cost of a
213 * collision is great, but given the expected load of the
214 * table, they should be so rare as to be outweighed by the
215 * benefits from the saved space.
217 * __wait_on_page_locked() and unlock_page() in mm/filemap.c, are the
218 * primary users of these fields, and in mm/page_alloc.c
219 * free_area_init_core() performs the initialization of them.
221 wait_queue_head_t
* wait_table
;
222 unsigned long wait_table_size
;
223 unsigned long wait_table_bits
;
226 * Discontig memory support fields.
228 struct pglist_data
*zone_pgdat
;
229 /* zone_start_pfn == zone_start_paddr >> PAGE_SHIFT */
230 unsigned long zone_start_pfn
;
233 * zone_start_pfn, spanned_pages and present_pages are all
234 * protected by span_seqlock. It is a seqlock because it has
235 * to be read outside of zone->lock, and it is done in the main
236 * allocator path. But, it is written quite infrequently.
238 * The lock is declared along with zone->lock because it is
239 * frequently read in proximity to zone->lock. It's good to
240 * give them a chance of being in the same cacheline.
242 unsigned long spanned_pages
; /* total size, including holes */
243 unsigned long present_pages
; /* amount of memory (excluding holes) */
246 * rarely used fields:
249 } ____cacheline_internodealigned_in_smp
;
253 * The "priority" of VM scanning is how much of the queues we will scan in one
254 * go. A value of 12 for DEF_PRIORITY implies that we will scan 1/4096th of the
255 * queues ("queue_length >> 12") during an aging round.
257 #define DEF_PRIORITY 12
260 * One allocation request operates on a zonelist. A zonelist
261 * is a list of zones, the first one is the 'goal' of the
262 * allocation, the other zones are fallback zones, in decreasing
265 * Right now a zonelist takes up less than a cacheline. We never
266 * modify it apart from boot-up, and only a few indices are used,
267 * so despite the zonelist table being relatively big, the cache
268 * footprint of this construct is very small.
271 struct zone
*zones
[MAX_NUMNODES
* MAX_NR_ZONES
+ 1]; // NULL delimited
276 * The pg_data_t structure is used in machines with CONFIG_DISCONTIGMEM
277 * (mostly NUMA machines?) to denote a higher-level memory zone than the
280 * On NUMA machines, each NUMA node would have a pg_data_t to describe
281 * it's memory layout.
283 * Memory statistics and page replacement data structures are maintained on a
287 typedef struct pglist_data
{
288 struct zone node_zones
[MAX_NR_ZONES
];
289 struct zonelist node_zonelists
[GFP_ZONETYPES
];
291 #ifdef CONFIG_FLAT_NODE_MEM_MAP
292 struct page
*node_mem_map
;
294 struct bootmem_data
*bdata
;
295 #ifdef CONFIG_MEMORY_HOTPLUG
297 * Must be held any time you expect node_start_pfn, node_present_pages
298 * or node_spanned_pages stay constant. Holding this will also
299 * guarantee that any pfn_valid() stays that way.
301 * Nests above zone->lock and zone->size_seqlock.
303 spinlock_t node_size_lock
;
305 unsigned long node_start_pfn
;
306 unsigned long node_present_pages
; /* total number of physical pages */
307 unsigned long node_spanned_pages
; /* total size of physical page
308 range, including holes */
310 wait_queue_head_t kswapd_wait
;
311 struct task_struct
*kswapd
;
312 int kswapd_max_order
;
315 #define node_present_pages(nid) (NODE_DATA(nid)->node_present_pages)
316 #define node_spanned_pages(nid) (NODE_DATA(nid)->node_spanned_pages)
317 #ifdef CONFIG_FLAT_NODE_MEM_MAP
318 #define pgdat_page_nr(pgdat, pagenr) ((pgdat)->node_mem_map + (pagenr))
320 #define pgdat_page_nr(pgdat, pagenr) pfn_to_page((pgdat)->node_start_pfn + (pagenr))
322 #define nid_page_nr(nid, pagenr) pgdat_page_nr(NODE_DATA(nid),(pagenr))
324 #include <linux/memory_hotplug.h>
326 void __get_zone_counts(unsigned long *active
, unsigned long *inactive
,
327 unsigned long *free
, struct pglist_data
*pgdat
);
328 void get_zone_counts(unsigned long *active
, unsigned long *inactive
,
329 unsigned long *free
);
330 void build_all_zonelists(void);
331 void wakeup_kswapd(struct zone
*zone
, int order
);
332 int zone_watermark_ok(struct zone
*z
, int order
, unsigned long mark
,
333 int classzone_idx
, int alloc_flags
);
335 #ifdef CONFIG_HAVE_MEMORY_PRESENT
336 void memory_present(int nid
, unsigned long start
, unsigned long end
);
338 static inline void memory_present(int nid
, unsigned long start
, unsigned long end
) {}
341 #ifdef CONFIG_NEED_NODE_MEMMAP_SIZE
342 unsigned long __init
node_memmap_size_bytes(int, unsigned long, unsigned long);
346 * zone_idx() returns 0 for the ZONE_DMA zone, 1 for the ZONE_NORMAL zone, etc.
348 #define zone_idx(zone) ((zone) - (zone)->zone_pgdat->node_zones)
350 static inline int populated_zone(struct zone
*zone
)
352 return (!!zone
->present_pages
);
355 static inline int is_highmem_idx(int idx
)
357 return (idx
== ZONE_HIGHMEM
);
360 static inline int is_normal_idx(int idx
)
362 return (idx
== ZONE_NORMAL
);
366 * is_highmem - helper function to quickly check if a struct zone is a
367 * highmem zone or not. This is an attempt to keep references
368 * to ZONE_{DMA/NORMAL/HIGHMEM/etc} in general code to a minimum.
369 * @zone - pointer to struct zone variable
371 static inline int is_highmem(struct zone
*zone
)
373 return zone
== zone
->zone_pgdat
->node_zones
+ ZONE_HIGHMEM
;
376 static inline int is_normal(struct zone
*zone
)
378 return zone
== zone
->zone_pgdat
->node_zones
+ ZONE_NORMAL
;
381 static inline int is_dma32(struct zone
*zone
)
383 return zone
== zone
->zone_pgdat
->node_zones
+ ZONE_DMA32
;
386 static inline int is_dma(struct zone
*zone
)
388 return zone
== zone
->zone_pgdat
->node_zones
+ ZONE_DMA
;
391 /* These two functions are used to setup the per zone pages min values */
394 int min_free_kbytes_sysctl_handler(struct ctl_table
*, int, struct file
*,
395 void __user
*, size_t *, loff_t
*);
396 extern int sysctl_lowmem_reserve_ratio
[MAX_NR_ZONES
-1];
397 int lowmem_reserve_ratio_sysctl_handler(struct ctl_table
*, int, struct file
*,
398 void __user
*, size_t *, loff_t
*);
399 int percpu_pagelist_fraction_sysctl_handler(struct ctl_table
*, int, struct file
*,
400 void __user
*, size_t *, loff_t
*);
402 #include <linux/topology.h>
403 /* Returns the number of the current Node. */
405 #define numa_node_id() (cpu_to_node(raw_smp_processor_id()))
408 #ifndef CONFIG_NEED_MULTIPLE_NODES
410 extern struct pglist_data contig_page_data
;
411 #define NODE_DATA(nid) (&contig_page_data)
412 #define NODE_MEM_MAP(nid) mem_map
413 #define MAX_NODES_SHIFT 1
415 #else /* CONFIG_NEED_MULTIPLE_NODES */
417 #include <asm/mmzone.h>
419 #endif /* !CONFIG_NEED_MULTIPLE_NODES */
421 extern struct pglist_data
*first_online_pgdat(void);
422 extern struct pglist_data
*next_online_pgdat(struct pglist_data
*pgdat
);
423 extern struct zone
*next_zone(struct zone
*zone
);
426 * for_each_pgdat - helper macro to iterate over all nodes
427 * @pgdat - pointer to a pg_data_t variable
429 #define for_each_online_pgdat(pgdat) \
430 for (pgdat = first_online_pgdat(); \
432 pgdat = next_online_pgdat(pgdat))
434 * for_each_zone - helper macro to iterate over all memory zones
435 * @zone - pointer to struct zone variable
437 * The user only needs to declare the zone variable, for_each_zone
440 #define for_each_zone(zone) \
441 for (zone = (first_online_pgdat())->node_zones; \
443 zone = next_zone(zone))
445 #ifdef CONFIG_SPARSEMEM
446 #include <asm/sparsemem.h>
449 #if BITS_PER_LONG == 32
451 * with 32 bit page->flags field, we reserve 9 bits for node/zone info.
452 * there are 4 zones (3 bits) and this leaves 9-3=6 bits for nodes.
454 #define FLAGS_RESERVED 9
456 #elif BITS_PER_LONG == 64
458 * with 64 bit flags field, there's plenty of room.
460 #define FLAGS_RESERVED 32
464 #error BITS_PER_LONG not defined
468 #ifndef CONFIG_HAVE_ARCH_EARLY_PFN_TO_NID
469 #define early_pfn_to_nid(nid) (0UL)
472 #ifdef CONFIG_FLATMEM
473 #define pfn_to_nid(pfn) (0)
476 #define pfn_to_section_nr(pfn) ((pfn) >> PFN_SECTION_SHIFT)
477 #define section_nr_to_pfn(sec) ((sec) << PFN_SECTION_SHIFT)
479 #ifdef CONFIG_SPARSEMEM
482 * SECTION_SHIFT #bits space required to store a section #
484 * PA_SECTION_SHIFT physical address to/from section number
485 * PFN_SECTION_SHIFT pfn to/from section number
487 #define SECTIONS_SHIFT (MAX_PHYSMEM_BITS - SECTION_SIZE_BITS)
489 #define PA_SECTION_SHIFT (SECTION_SIZE_BITS)
490 #define PFN_SECTION_SHIFT (SECTION_SIZE_BITS - PAGE_SHIFT)
492 #define NR_MEM_SECTIONS (1UL << SECTIONS_SHIFT)
494 #define PAGES_PER_SECTION (1UL << PFN_SECTION_SHIFT)
495 #define PAGE_SECTION_MASK (~(PAGES_PER_SECTION-1))
497 #if (MAX_ORDER - 1 + PAGE_SHIFT) > SECTION_SIZE_BITS
498 #error Allocator MAX_ORDER exceeds SECTION_SIZE
504 * This is, logically, a pointer to an array of struct
505 * pages. However, it is stored with some other magic.
506 * (see sparse.c::sparse_init_one_section())
508 * Making it a UL at least makes someone do a cast
509 * before using it wrong.
511 unsigned long section_mem_map
;
514 #ifdef CONFIG_SPARSEMEM_EXTREME
515 #define SECTIONS_PER_ROOT (PAGE_SIZE / sizeof (struct mem_section))
517 #define SECTIONS_PER_ROOT 1
520 #define SECTION_NR_TO_ROOT(sec) ((sec) / SECTIONS_PER_ROOT)
521 #define NR_SECTION_ROOTS (NR_MEM_SECTIONS / SECTIONS_PER_ROOT)
522 #define SECTION_ROOT_MASK (SECTIONS_PER_ROOT - 1)
524 #ifdef CONFIG_SPARSEMEM_EXTREME
525 extern struct mem_section
*mem_section
[NR_SECTION_ROOTS
];
527 extern struct mem_section mem_section
[NR_SECTION_ROOTS
][SECTIONS_PER_ROOT
];
530 static inline struct mem_section
*__nr_to_section(unsigned long nr
)
532 if (!mem_section
[SECTION_NR_TO_ROOT(nr
)])
534 return &mem_section
[SECTION_NR_TO_ROOT(nr
)][nr
& SECTION_ROOT_MASK
];
536 extern int __section_nr(struct mem_section
* ms
);
539 * We use the lower bits of the mem_map pointer to store
540 * a little bit of information. There should be at least
541 * 3 bits here due to 32-bit alignment.
543 #define SECTION_MARKED_PRESENT (1UL<<0)
544 #define SECTION_HAS_MEM_MAP (1UL<<1)
545 #define SECTION_MAP_LAST_BIT (1UL<<2)
546 #define SECTION_MAP_MASK (~(SECTION_MAP_LAST_BIT-1))
548 static inline struct page
*__section_mem_map_addr(struct mem_section
*section
)
550 unsigned long map
= section
->section_mem_map
;
551 map
&= SECTION_MAP_MASK
;
552 return (struct page
*)map
;
555 static inline int valid_section(struct mem_section
*section
)
557 return (section
&& (section
->section_mem_map
& SECTION_MARKED_PRESENT
));
560 static inline int section_has_mem_map(struct mem_section
*section
)
562 return (section
&& (section
->section_mem_map
& SECTION_HAS_MEM_MAP
));
565 static inline int valid_section_nr(unsigned long nr
)
567 return valid_section(__nr_to_section(nr
));
570 static inline struct mem_section
*__pfn_to_section(unsigned long pfn
)
572 return __nr_to_section(pfn_to_section_nr(pfn
));
575 static inline int pfn_valid(unsigned long pfn
)
577 if (pfn_to_section_nr(pfn
) >= NR_MEM_SECTIONS
)
579 return valid_section(__nr_to_section(pfn_to_section_nr(pfn
)));
583 * These are _only_ used during initialisation, therefore they
584 * can use __initdata ... They could have names to indicate
588 #define pfn_to_nid(pfn) \
590 unsigned long __pfn_to_nid_pfn = (pfn); \
591 page_to_nid(pfn_to_page(__pfn_to_nid_pfn)); \
594 #define pfn_to_nid(pfn) (0)
597 #define early_pfn_valid(pfn) pfn_valid(pfn)
598 void sparse_init(void);
600 #define sparse_init() do {} while (0)
601 #define sparse_index_init(_sec, _nid) do {} while (0)
602 #endif /* CONFIG_SPARSEMEM */
604 #ifndef early_pfn_valid
605 #define early_pfn_valid(pfn) (1)
608 void memory_present(int nid
, unsigned long start
, unsigned long end
);
609 unsigned long __init
node_memmap_size_bytes(int, unsigned long, unsigned long);
611 #endif /* !__ASSEMBLY__ */
612 #endif /* __KERNEL__ */
613 #endif /* _LINUX_MMZONE_H */