3 * Purpose: PCI Message Signaled Interrupt (MSI)
5 * Copyright (C) 2003-2004 Intel
6 * Copyright (C) Tom Long Nguyen (tom.l.nguyen@intel.com)
11 #include <linux/irq.h>
12 #include <linux/interrupt.h>
13 #include <linux/init.h>
14 #include <linux/ioport.h>
15 #include <linux/pci.h>
16 #include <linux/proc_fs.h>
17 #include <linux/msi.h>
18 #include <linux/smp.h>
20 #include <asm/errno.h>
26 static int pci_msi_enable
= 1;
30 #ifndef arch_msi_check_device
31 int arch_msi_check_device(struct pci_dev
*dev
, int nvec
, int type
)
37 #ifndef arch_setup_msi_irqs
38 int arch_setup_msi_irqs(struct pci_dev
*dev
, int nvec
, int type
)
40 struct msi_desc
*entry
;
43 list_for_each_entry(entry
, &dev
->msi_list
, list
) {
44 ret
= arch_setup_msi_irq(dev
, entry
);
55 #ifndef arch_teardown_msi_irqs
56 void arch_teardown_msi_irqs(struct pci_dev
*dev
)
58 struct msi_desc
*entry
;
60 list_for_each_entry(entry
, &dev
->msi_list
, list
) {
62 arch_teardown_msi_irq(entry
->irq
);
67 static void __msi_set_enable(struct pci_dev
*dev
, int pos
, int enable
)
72 pci_read_config_word(dev
, pos
+ PCI_MSI_FLAGS
, &control
);
73 control
&= ~PCI_MSI_FLAGS_ENABLE
;
75 control
|= PCI_MSI_FLAGS_ENABLE
;
76 pci_write_config_word(dev
, pos
+ PCI_MSI_FLAGS
, control
);
80 static void msi_set_enable(struct pci_dev
*dev
, int enable
)
82 __msi_set_enable(dev
, pci_find_capability(dev
, PCI_CAP_ID_MSI
), enable
);
85 static void msix_set_enable(struct pci_dev
*dev
, int enable
)
90 pos
= pci_find_capability(dev
, PCI_CAP_ID_MSIX
);
92 pci_read_config_word(dev
, pos
+ PCI_MSIX_FLAGS
, &control
);
93 control
&= ~PCI_MSIX_FLAGS_ENABLE
;
95 control
|= PCI_MSIX_FLAGS_ENABLE
;
96 pci_write_config_word(dev
, pos
+ PCI_MSIX_FLAGS
, control
);
100 static inline __attribute_const__ u32
msi_mask(unsigned x
)
102 /* Don't shift by >= width of type */
105 return (1 << (1 << x
)) - 1;
108 static void msix_flush_writes(struct irq_desc
*desc
)
110 struct msi_desc
*entry
;
112 entry
= get_irq_desc_msi(desc
);
113 BUG_ON(!entry
|| !entry
->dev
);
114 switch (entry
->msi_attrib
.type
) {
118 case PCI_CAP_ID_MSIX
:
120 int offset
= entry
->msi_attrib
.entry_nr
* PCI_MSIX_ENTRY_SIZE
+
121 PCI_MSIX_ENTRY_VECTOR_CTRL_OFFSET
;
122 readl(entry
->mask_base
+ offset
);
132 * PCI 2.3 does not specify mask bits for each MSI interrupt. Attempting to
133 * mask all MSI interrupts by clearing the MSI enable bit does not work
134 * reliably as devices without an INTx disable bit will then generate a
135 * level IRQ which will never be cleared.
137 * Returns 1 if it succeeded in masking the interrupt and 0 if the device
138 * doesn't support MSI masking.
140 static int msi_set_mask_bits(struct irq_desc
*desc
, u32 mask
, u32 flag
)
142 struct msi_desc
*entry
;
144 entry
= get_irq_desc_msi(desc
);
145 BUG_ON(!entry
|| !entry
->dev
);
146 switch (entry
->msi_attrib
.type
) {
148 if (entry
->msi_attrib
.maskbit
) {
152 pos
= (long)entry
->mask_base
;
153 pci_read_config_dword(entry
->dev
, pos
, &mask_bits
);
154 mask_bits
&= ~(mask
);
155 mask_bits
|= flag
& mask
;
156 pci_write_config_dword(entry
->dev
, pos
, mask_bits
);
161 case PCI_CAP_ID_MSIX
:
163 int offset
= entry
->msi_attrib
.entry_nr
* PCI_MSIX_ENTRY_SIZE
+
164 PCI_MSIX_ENTRY_VECTOR_CTRL_OFFSET
;
165 writel(flag
, entry
->mask_base
+ offset
);
166 readl(entry
->mask_base
+ offset
);
173 entry
->msi_attrib
.masked
= !!flag
;
177 void read_msi_msg_desc(struct irq_desc
*desc
, struct msi_msg
*msg
)
179 struct msi_desc
*entry
= get_irq_desc_msi(desc
);
180 switch(entry
->msi_attrib
.type
) {
183 struct pci_dev
*dev
= entry
->dev
;
184 int pos
= entry
->msi_attrib
.pos
;
187 pci_read_config_dword(dev
, msi_lower_address_reg(pos
),
189 if (entry
->msi_attrib
.is_64
) {
190 pci_read_config_dword(dev
, msi_upper_address_reg(pos
),
192 pci_read_config_word(dev
, msi_data_reg(pos
, 1), &data
);
195 pci_read_config_word(dev
, msi_data_reg(pos
, 0), &data
);
200 case PCI_CAP_ID_MSIX
:
203 base
= entry
->mask_base
+
204 entry
->msi_attrib
.entry_nr
* PCI_MSIX_ENTRY_SIZE
;
206 msg
->address_lo
= readl(base
+ PCI_MSIX_ENTRY_LOWER_ADDR_OFFSET
);
207 msg
->address_hi
= readl(base
+ PCI_MSIX_ENTRY_UPPER_ADDR_OFFSET
);
208 msg
->data
= readl(base
+ PCI_MSIX_ENTRY_DATA_OFFSET
);
216 void read_msi_msg(unsigned int irq
, struct msi_msg
*msg
)
218 struct irq_desc
*desc
= irq_to_desc(irq
);
220 read_msi_msg_desc(desc
, msg
);
223 void write_msi_msg_desc(struct irq_desc
*desc
, struct msi_msg
*msg
)
225 struct msi_desc
*entry
= get_irq_desc_msi(desc
);
226 switch (entry
->msi_attrib
.type
) {
229 struct pci_dev
*dev
= entry
->dev
;
230 int pos
= entry
->msi_attrib
.pos
;
232 pci_write_config_dword(dev
, msi_lower_address_reg(pos
),
234 if (entry
->msi_attrib
.is_64
) {
235 pci_write_config_dword(dev
, msi_upper_address_reg(pos
),
237 pci_write_config_word(dev
, msi_data_reg(pos
, 1),
240 pci_write_config_word(dev
, msi_data_reg(pos
, 0),
245 case PCI_CAP_ID_MSIX
:
248 base
= entry
->mask_base
+
249 entry
->msi_attrib
.entry_nr
* PCI_MSIX_ENTRY_SIZE
;
251 writel(msg
->address_lo
,
252 base
+ PCI_MSIX_ENTRY_LOWER_ADDR_OFFSET
);
253 writel(msg
->address_hi
,
254 base
+ PCI_MSIX_ENTRY_UPPER_ADDR_OFFSET
);
255 writel(msg
->data
, base
+ PCI_MSIX_ENTRY_DATA_OFFSET
);
264 void write_msi_msg(unsigned int irq
, struct msi_msg
*msg
)
266 struct irq_desc
*desc
= irq_to_desc(irq
);
268 write_msi_msg_desc(desc
, msg
);
271 void mask_msi_irq(unsigned int irq
)
273 struct irq_desc
*desc
= irq_to_desc(irq
);
275 msi_set_mask_bits(desc
, 1, 1);
276 msix_flush_writes(desc
);
279 void unmask_msi_irq(unsigned int irq
)
281 struct irq_desc
*desc
= irq_to_desc(irq
);
283 msi_set_mask_bits(desc
, 1, 0);
284 msix_flush_writes(desc
);
287 static int msi_free_irqs(struct pci_dev
* dev
);
289 static struct msi_desc
* alloc_msi_entry(void)
291 struct msi_desc
*entry
;
293 entry
= kzalloc(sizeof(struct msi_desc
), GFP_KERNEL
);
297 INIT_LIST_HEAD(&entry
->list
);
304 static void pci_intx_for_msi(struct pci_dev
*dev
, int enable
)
306 if (!(dev
->dev_flags
& PCI_DEV_FLAGS_MSI_INTX_DISABLE_BUG
))
307 pci_intx(dev
, enable
);
310 static void __pci_restore_msi_state(struct pci_dev
*dev
)
314 struct msi_desc
*entry
;
316 if (!dev
->msi_enabled
)
319 entry
= get_irq_msi(dev
->irq
);
320 pos
= entry
->msi_attrib
.pos
;
322 pci_intx_for_msi(dev
, 0);
323 msi_set_enable(dev
, 0);
324 write_msi_msg(dev
->irq
, &entry
->msg
);
325 if (entry
->msi_attrib
.maskbit
) {
326 struct irq_desc
*desc
= irq_to_desc(dev
->irq
);
327 msi_set_mask_bits(desc
, entry
->msi_attrib
.maskbits_mask
,
328 entry
->msi_attrib
.masked
);
331 pci_read_config_word(dev
, pos
+ PCI_MSI_FLAGS
, &control
);
332 control
&= ~PCI_MSI_FLAGS_QSIZE
;
333 control
|= PCI_MSI_FLAGS_ENABLE
;
334 pci_write_config_word(dev
, pos
+ PCI_MSI_FLAGS
, control
);
337 static void __pci_restore_msix_state(struct pci_dev
*dev
)
340 struct msi_desc
*entry
;
343 if (!dev
->msix_enabled
)
346 /* route the table */
347 pci_intx_for_msi(dev
, 0);
348 msix_set_enable(dev
, 0);
350 list_for_each_entry(entry
, &dev
->msi_list
, list
) {
351 struct irq_desc
*desc
= irq_to_desc(entry
->irq
);
352 write_msi_msg(entry
->irq
, &entry
->msg
);
353 msi_set_mask_bits(desc
, 1, entry
->msi_attrib
.masked
);
356 BUG_ON(list_empty(&dev
->msi_list
));
357 entry
= list_entry(dev
->msi_list
.next
, struct msi_desc
, list
);
358 pos
= entry
->msi_attrib
.pos
;
359 pci_read_config_word(dev
, pos
+ PCI_MSIX_FLAGS
, &control
);
360 control
&= ~PCI_MSIX_FLAGS_MASKALL
;
361 control
|= PCI_MSIX_FLAGS_ENABLE
;
362 pci_write_config_word(dev
, pos
+ PCI_MSIX_FLAGS
, control
);
365 void pci_restore_msi_state(struct pci_dev
*dev
)
367 __pci_restore_msi_state(dev
);
368 __pci_restore_msix_state(dev
);
370 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(pci_restore_msi_state
);
373 * msi_capability_init - configure device's MSI capability structure
374 * @dev: pointer to the pci_dev data structure of MSI device function
376 * Setup the MSI capability structure of device function with a single
377 * MSI irq, regardless of device function is capable of handling
378 * multiple messages. A return of zero indicates the successful setup
379 * of an entry zero with the new MSI irq or non-zero for otherwise.
381 static int msi_capability_init(struct pci_dev
*dev
)
383 struct msi_desc
*entry
;
387 msi_set_enable(dev
, 0); /* Ensure msi is disabled as I set it up */
389 pos
= pci_find_capability(dev
, PCI_CAP_ID_MSI
);
390 pci_read_config_word(dev
, msi_control_reg(pos
), &control
);
391 /* MSI Entry Initialization */
392 entry
= alloc_msi_entry();
396 entry
->msi_attrib
.type
= PCI_CAP_ID_MSI
;
397 entry
->msi_attrib
.is_64
= is_64bit_address(control
);
398 entry
->msi_attrib
.entry_nr
= 0;
399 entry
->msi_attrib
.maskbit
= is_mask_bit_support(control
);
400 entry
->msi_attrib
.masked
= 1;
401 entry
->msi_attrib
.default_irq
= dev
->irq
; /* Save IOAPIC IRQ */
402 entry
->msi_attrib
.pos
= pos
;
404 if (entry
->msi_attrib
.maskbit
) {
405 unsigned int base
, maskbits
, temp
;
407 base
= msi_mask_bits_reg(pos
, entry
->msi_attrib
.is_64
);
408 entry
->mask_base
= (void __iomem
*)(long)base
;
410 /* All MSIs are unmasked by default, Mask them all */
411 pci_read_config_dword(dev
, base
, &maskbits
);
412 temp
= msi_mask((control
& PCI_MSI_FLAGS_QMASK
) >> 1);
414 pci_write_config_dword(dev
, base
, maskbits
);
415 entry
->msi_attrib
.maskbits_mask
= temp
;
417 list_add_tail(&entry
->list
, &dev
->msi_list
);
419 /* Configure MSI capability structure */
420 ret
= arch_setup_msi_irqs(dev
, 1, PCI_CAP_ID_MSI
);
426 /* Set MSI enabled bits */
427 pci_intx_for_msi(dev
, 0);
428 msi_set_enable(dev
, 1);
429 dev
->msi_enabled
= 1;
431 dev
->irq
= entry
->irq
;
436 * msix_capability_init - configure device's MSI-X capability
437 * @dev: pointer to the pci_dev data structure of MSI-X device function
438 * @entries: pointer to an array of struct msix_entry entries
439 * @nvec: number of @entries
441 * Setup the MSI-X capability structure of device function with a
442 * single MSI-X irq. A return of zero indicates the successful setup of
443 * requested MSI-X entries with allocated irqs or non-zero for otherwise.
445 static int msix_capability_init(struct pci_dev
*dev
,
446 struct msix_entry
*entries
, int nvec
)
448 struct msi_desc
*entry
;
449 int pos
, i
, j
, nr_entries
, ret
;
450 unsigned long phys_addr
;
456 msix_set_enable(dev
, 0);/* Ensure msix is disabled as I set it up */
458 pos
= pci_find_capability(dev
, PCI_CAP_ID_MSIX
);
459 /* Request & Map MSI-X table region */
460 pci_read_config_word(dev
, msi_control_reg(pos
), &control
);
461 nr_entries
= multi_msix_capable(control
);
463 pci_read_config_dword(dev
, msix_table_offset_reg(pos
), &table_offset
);
464 bir
= (u8
)(table_offset
& PCI_MSIX_FLAGS_BIRMASK
);
465 table_offset
&= ~PCI_MSIX_FLAGS_BIRMASK
;
466 phys_addr
= pci_resource_start (dev
, bir
) + table_offset
;
467 base
= ioremap_nocache(phys_addr
, nr_entries
* PCI_MSIX_ENTRY_SIZE
);
471 /* MSI-X Table Initialization */
472 for (i
= 0; i
< nvec
; i
++) {
473 entry
= alloc_msi_entry();
477 j
= entries
[i
].entry
;
478 entry
->msi_attrib
.type
= PCI_CAP_ID_MSIX
;
479 entry
->msi_attrib
.is_64
= 1;
480 entry
->msi_attrib
.entry_nr
= j
;
481 entry
->msi_attrib
.maskbit
= 1;
482 entry
->msi_attrib
.masked
= 1;
483 entry
->msi_attrib
.default_irq
= dev
->irq
;
484 entry
->msi_attrib
.pos
= pos
;
486 entry
->mask_base
= base
;
488 list_add_tail(&entry
->list
, &dev
->msi_list
);
491 ret
= arch_setup_msi_irqs(dev
, nvec
, PCI_CAP_ID_MSIX
);
493 /* If we had some success report the number of irqs
494 * we succeeded in setting up. */
496 list_for_each_entry(entry
, &dev
->msi_list
, list
) {
497 if (entry
->irq
!= 0) {
512 list_for_each_entry(entry
, &dev
->msi_list
, list
) {
513 entries
[i
].vector
= entry
->irq
;
514 set_irq_msi(entry
->irq
, entry
);
517 /* Set MSI-X enabled bits */
518 pci_intx_for_msi(dev
, 0);
519 msix_set_enable(dev
, 1);
520 dev
->msix_enabled
= 1;
526 * pci_msi_check_device - check whether MSI may be enabled on a device
527 * @dev: pointer to the pci_dev data structure of MSI device function
528 * @nvec: how many MSIs have been requested ?
529 * @type: are we checking for MSI or MSI-X ?
531 * Look at global flags, the device itself, and its parent busses
532 * to determine if MSI/-X are supported for the device. If MSI/-X is
533 * supported return 0, else return an error code.
535 static int pci_msi_check_device(struct pci_dev
* dev
, int nvec
, int type
)
540 /* MSI must be globally enabled and supported by the device */
541 if (!pci_msi_enable
|| !dev
|| dev
->no_msi
)
545 * You can't ask to have 0 or less MSIs configured.
547 * b) the list manipulation code assumes nvec >= 1.
552 /* Any bridge which does NOT route MSI transactions from it's
553 * secondary bus to it's primary bus must set NO_MSI flag on
554 * the secondary pci_bus.
555 * We expect only arch-specific PCI host bus controller driver
556 * or quirks for specific PCI bridges to be setting NO_MSI.
558 for (bus
= dev
->bus
; bus
; bus
= bus
->parent
)
559 if (bus
->bus_flags
& PCI_BUS_FLAGS_NO_MSI
)
562 ret
= arch_msi_check_device(dev
, nvec
, type
);
566 if (!pci_find_capability(dev
, type
))
573 * pci_enable_msi - configure device's MSI capability structure
574 * @dev: pointer to the pci_dev data structure of MSI device function
576 * Setup the MSI capability structure of device function with
577 * a single MSI irq upon its software driver call to request for
578 * MSI mode enabled on its hardware device function. A return of zero
579 * indicates the successful setup of an entry zero with the new MSI
580 * irq or non-zero for otherwise.
582 int pci_enable_msi(struct pci_dev
* dev
)
586 status
= pci_msi_check_device(dev
, 1, PCI_CAP_ID_MSI
);
590 WARN_ON(!!dev
->msi_enabled
);
592 /* Check whether driver already requested for MSI-X irqs */
593 if (dev
->msix_enabled
) {
594 dev_info(&dev
->dev
, "can't enable MSI "
595 "(MSI-X already enabled)\n");
598 status
= msi_capability_init(dev
);
601 EXPORT_SYMBOL(pci_enable_msi
);
603 void pci_msi_shutdown(struct pci_dev
* dev
)
605 struct msi_desc
*entry
;
607 if (!pci_msi_enable
|| !dev
|| !dev
->msi_enabled
)
610 msi_set_enable(dev
, 0);
611 pci_intx_for_msi(dev
, 1);
612 dev
->msi_enabled
= 0;
614 BUG_ON(list_empty(&dev
->msi_list
));
615 entry
= list_entry(dev
->msi_list
.next
, struct msi_desc
, list
);
616 /* Return the the pci reset with msi irqs unmasked */
617 if (entry
->msi_attrib
.maskbit
) {
618 u32 mask
= entry
->msi_attrib
.maskbits_mask
;
619 struct irq_desc
*desc
= irq_to_desc(dev
->irq
);
620 msi_set_mask_bits(desc
, mask
, ~mask
);
622 if (!entry
->dev
|| entry
->msi_attrib
.type
!= PCI_CAP_ID_MSI
)
625 /* Restore dev->irq to its default pin-assertion irq */
626 dev
->irq
= entry
->msi_attrib
.default_irq
;
628 void pci_disable_msi(struct pci_dev
* dev
)
630 struct msi_desc
*entry
;
632 if (!pci_msi_enable
|| !dev
|| !dev
->msi_enabled
)
635 pci_msi_shutdown(dev
);
637 entry
= list_entry(dev
->msi_list
.next
, struct msi_desc
, list
);
638 if (!entry
->dev
|| entry
->msi_attrib
.type
!= PCI_CAP_ID_MSI
)
643 EXPORT_SYMBOL(pci_disable_msi
);
645 static int msi_free_irqs(struct pci_dev
* dev
)
647 struct msi_desc
*entry
, *tmp
;
649 list_for_each_entry(entry
, &dev
->msi_list
, list
) {
651 BUG_ON(irq_has_action(entry
->irq
));
654 arch_teardown_msi_irqs(dev
);
656 list_for_each_entry_safe(entry
, tmp
, &dev
->msi_list
, list
) {
657 if (entry
->msi_attrib
.type
== PCI_CAP_ID_MSIX
) {
658 writel(1, entry
->mask_base
+ entry
->msi_attrib
.entry_nr
659 * PCI_MSIX_ENTRY_SIZE
660 + PCI_MSIX_ENTRY_VECTOR_CTRL_OFFSET
);
662 if (list_is_last(&entry
->list
, &dev
->msi_list
))
663 iounmap(entry
->mask_base
);
665 list_del(&entry
->list
);
673 * pci_msix_table_size - return the number of device's MSI-X table entries
674 * @dev: pointer to the pci_dev data structure of MSI-X device function
676 int pci_msix_table_size(struct pci_dev
*dev
)
681 pos
= pci_find_capability(dev
, PCI_CAP_ID_MSIX
);
685 pci_read_config_word(dev
, msi_control_reg(pos
), &control
);
686 return multi_msix_capable(control
);
690 * pci_enable_msix - configure device's MSI-X capability structure
691 * @dev: pointer to the pci_dev data structure of MSI-X device function
692 * @entries: pointer to an array of MSI-X entries
693 * @nvec: number of MSI-X irqs requested for allocation by device driver
695 * Setup the MSI-X capability structure of device function with the number
696 * of requested irqs upon its software driver call to request for
697 * MSI-X mode enabled on its hardware device function. A return of zero
698 * indicates the successful configuration of MSI-X capability structure
699 * with new allocated MSI-X irqs. A return of < 0 indicates a failure.
700 * Or a return of > 0 indicates that driver request is exceeding the number
701 * of irqs available. Driver should use the returned value to re-send
704 int pci_enable_msix(struct pci_dev
* dev
, struct msix_entry
*entries
, int nvec
)
706 int status
, nr_entries
;
712 status
= pci_msi_check_device(dev
, nvec
, PCI_CAP_ID_MSIX
);
716 nr_entries
= pci_msix_table_size(dev
);
717 if (nvec
> nr_entries
)
720 /* Check for any invalid entries */
721 for (i
= 0; i
< nvec
; i
++) {
722 if (entries
[i
].entry
>= nr_entries
)
723 return -EINVAL
; /* invalid entry */
724 for (j
= i
+ 1; j
< nvec
; j
++) {
725 if (entries
[i
].entry
== entries
[j
].entry
)
726 return -EINVAL
; /* duplicate entry */
729 WARN_ON(!!dev
->msix_enabled
);
731 /* Check whether driver already requested for MSI irq */
732 if (dev
->msi_enabled
) {
733 dev_info(&dev
->dev
, "can't enable MSI-X "
734 "(MSI IRQ already assigned)\n");
737 status
= msix_capability_init(dev
, entries
, nvec
);
740 EXPORT_SYMBOL(pci_enable_msix
);
742 static void msix_free_all_irqs(struct pci_dev
*dev
)
747 void pci_msix_shutdown(struct pci_dev
* dev
)
749 if (!pci_msi_enable
|| !dev
|| !dev
->msix_enabled
)
752 msix_set_enable(dev
, 0);
753 pci_intx_for_msi(dev
, 1);
754 dev
->msix_enabled
= 0;
756 void pci_disable_msix(struct pci_dev
* dev
)
758 if (!pci_msi_enable
|| !dev
|| !dev
->msix_enabled
)
761 pci_msix_shutdown(dev
);
763 msix_free_all_irqs(dev
);
765 EXPORT_SYMBOL(pci_disable_msix
);
768 * msi_remove_pci_irq_vectors - reclaim MSI(X) irqs to unused state
769 * @dev: pointer to the pci_dev data structure of MSI(X) device function
771 * Being called during hotplug remove, from which the device function
772 * is hot-removed. All previous assigned MSI/MSI-X irqs, if
773 * allocated for this device function, are reclaimed to unused state,
774 * which may be used later on.
776 void msi_remove_pci_irq_vectors(struct pci_dev
* dev
)
778 if (!pci_msi_enable
|| !dev
)
781 if (dev
->msi_enabled
)
784 if (dev
->msix_enabled
)
785 msix_free_all_irqs(dev
);
788 void pci_no_msi(void)
794 * pci_msi_enabled - is MSI enabled?
796 * Returns true if MSI has not been disabled by the command-line option
799 int pci_msi_enabled(void)
801 return pci_msi_enable
;
803 EXPORT_SYMBOL(pci_msi_enabled
);
805 void pci_msi_init_pci_dev(struct pci_dev
*dev
)
807 INIT_LIST_HEAD(&dev
->msi_list
);