PCI: SRIOV control and status via sysfs (documentation)

[linux-2.6/cjktty.git] / kernel / kthread.c

/* Kernel thread helper functions.
 *   Copyright (C) 2004 IBM Corporation, Rusty Russell.
 *
 * Creation is done via kthreadd, so that we get a clean environment
 * even if we're invoked from userspace (think modprobe, hotplug cpu,
 * etc.).
 */
#include <linux/sched.h>
#include <linux/kthread.h>
#include <linux/completion.h>
#include <linux/err.h>
#include <linux/cpuset.h>
#include <linux/unistd.h>
#include <linux/file.h>
#include <linux/export.h>
#include <linux/mutex.h>
#include <linux/slab.h>
#include <linux/freezer.h>
#include <linux/ptrace.h>
#include <trace/events/sched.h>

static DEFINE_SPINLOCK(kthread_create_lock);
static LIST_HEAD(kthread_create_list);
struct task_struct *kthreadd_task;

struct kthread_create_info
{
        /* Information passed to kthread() from kthreadd. */
        int (*threadfn)(void *data);
        void *data;
        int node;

        /* Result passed back to kthread_create() from kthreadd. */
        struct task_struct *result;
        struct completion done;

        struct list_head list;
};

struct kthread {
        unsigned long flags;
        unsigned int cpu;
        void *data;
        struct completion parked;
        struct completion exited;
};

enum KTHREAD_BITS {
        KTHREAD_IS_PER_CPU = 0,
        KTHREAD_SHOULD_STOP,
        KTHREAD_SHOULD_PARK,
        KTHREAD_IS_PARKED,
};

#define to_kthread(tsk) \
        container_of((tsk)->vfork_done, struct kthread, exited)

/**
 * kthread_should_stop - should this kthread return now?
 *
 * When someone calls kthread_stop() on your kthread, it will be woken
 * and this will return true.  You should then return, and your return
 * value will be passed through to kthread_stop().
 */
bool kthread_should_stop(void)
{
        return test_bit(KTHREAD_SHOULD_STOP, &to_kthread(current)->flags);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(kthread_should_stop);

/**
 * kthread_should_park - should this kthread park now?
 *
 * When someone calls kthread_park() on your kthread, it will be woken
 * and this will return true.  You should then do the necessary
 * cleanup and call kthread_parkme()
 *
 * Similar to kthread_should_stop(), but this keeps the thread alive
 * and in a park position. kthread_unpark() "restarts" the thread and
 * calls the thread function again.
 */
bool kthread_should_park(void)
{
        return test_bit(KTHREAD_SHOULD_PARK, &to_kthread(current)->flags);
}

/**
 * kthread_freezable_should_stop - should this freezable kthread return now?
 * @was_frozen: optional out parameter, indicates whether %current was frozen
 *
 * kthread_should_stop() for freezable kthreads, which will enter
 * refrigerator if necessary.  This function is safe from kthread_stop() /
 * freezer deadlock and freezable kthreads should use this function instead
 * of calling try_to_freeze() directly.
 */
bool kthread_freezable_should_stop(bool *was_frozen)
{
        bool frozen = false;

        might_sleep();

        if (unlikely(freezing(current)))
                frozen = __refrigerator(true);

        if (was_frozen)
                *was_frozen = frozen;

        return kthread_should_stop();
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(kthread_freezable_should_stop);

/**
 * kthread_data - return data value specified on kthread creation
 * @task: kthread task in question
 *
 * Return the data value specified when kthread @task was created.
 * The caller is responsible for ensuring the validity of @task when
 * calling this function.
 */
void *kthread_data(struct task_struct *task)
{
        return to_kthread(task)->data;
}

static void __kthread_parkme(struct kthread *self)
{
        __set_current_state(TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE);
        while (test_bit(KTHREAD_SHOULD_PARK, &self->flags)) {
                if (!test_and_set_bit(KTHREAD_IS_PARKED, &self->flags))
                        complete(&self->parked);
                schedule();
                __set_current_state(TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE);
        }
        clear_bit(KTHREAD_IS_PARKED, &self->flags);
        __set_current_state(TASK_RUNNING);
}

void kthread_parkme(void)
{
        __kthread_parkme(to_kthread(current));
}

static int kthread(void *_create)
{
        /* Copy data: it's on kthread's stack */
        struct kthread_create_info *create = _create;
        int (*threadfn)(void *data) = create->threadfn;
        void *data = create->data;
        struct kthread self;
        int ret;

        self.flags = 0;
        self.data = data;
        init_completion(&self.exited);
        init_completion(&self.parked);
        current->vfork_done = &self.exited;

        /* OK, tell user we're spawned, wait for stop or wakeup */
        __set_current_state(TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE);
        create->result = current;
        complete(&create->done);
        schedule();

        ret = -EINTR;

        if (!test_bit(KTHREAD_SHOULD_STOP, &self.flags)) {
                __kthread_parkme(&self);
                ret = threadfn(data);
        }
        /* we can't just return, we must preserve "self" on stack */
        do_exit(ret);
}

/* called from do_fork() to get node information for about to be created task */
int tsk_fork_get_node(struct task_struct *tsk)
{
#ifdef CONFIG_NUMA
        if (tsk == kthreadd_task)
                return tsk->pref_node_fork;
#endif
        return numa_node_id();
}

static void create_kthread(struct kthread_create_info *create)
{
        int pid;

#ifdef CONFIG_NUMA
        current->pref_node_fork = create->node;
#endif
        /* We want our own signal handler (we take no signals by default). */
        pid = kernel_thread(kthread, create, CLONE_FS | CLONE_FILES | SIGCHLD);
        if (pid < 0) {
                create->result = ERR_PTR(pid);
                complete(&create->done);
        }
}

/**
 * kthread_create_on_node - create a kthread.
 * @threadfn: the function to run until signal_pending(current).
 * @data: data ptr for @threadfn.
 * @node: memory node number.
 * @namefmt: printf-style name for the thread.
 *
 * Description: This helper function creates and names a kernel
 * thread.  The thread will be stopped: use wake_up_process() to start
 * it.  See also kthread_run().
 *
 * If thread is going to be bound on a particular cpu, give its node
 * in @node, to get NUMA affinity for kthread stack, or else give -1.
 * When woken, the thread will run @threadfn() with @data as its
 * argument. @threadfn() can either call do_exit() directly if it is a
 * standalone thread for which no one will call kthread_stop(), or
 * return when 'kthread_should_stop()' is true (which means
 * kthread_stop() has been called).  The return value should be zero
 * or a negative error number; it will be passed to kthread_stop().
 *
 * Returns a task_struct or ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM).
 */
struct task_struct *kthread_create_on_node(int (*threadfn)(void *data),
                                           void *data, int node,
                                           const char namefmt[],
                                           ...)
{
        struct kthread_create_info create;

        create.threadfn = threadfn;
        create.data = data;
        create.node = node;
        init_completion(&create.done);

        spin_lock(&kthread_create_lock);
        list_add_tail(&create.list, &kthread_create_list);
        spin_unlock(&kthread_create_lock);

        wake_up_process(kthreadd_task);
        wait_for_completion(&create.done);

        if (!IS_ERR(create.result)) {
                static const struct sched_param param = { .sched_priority = 0 };
                va_list args;

                va_start(args, namefmt);
                vsnprintf(create.result->comm, sizeof(create.result->comm),
                          namefmt, args);
                va_end(args);
                /*
                 * root may have changed our (kthreadd's) priority or CPU mask.
                 * The kernel thread should not inherit these properties.
                 */
                sched_setscheduler_nocheck(create.result, SCHED_NORMAL, &param);
                set_cpus_allowed_ptr(create.result, cpu_all_mask);
        }
        return create.result;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(kthread_create_on_node);

static void __kthread_bind(struct task_struct *p, unsigned int cpu)
{
        /* It's safe because the task is inactive. */
        do_set_cpus_allowed(p, cpumask_of(cpu));
        p->flags |= PF_THREAD_BOUND;
}

/**
 * kthread_bind - bind a just-created kthread to a cpu.
 * @p: thread created by kthread_create().
 * @cpu: cpu (might not be online, must be possible) for @k to run on.
 *
 * Description: This function is equivalent to set_cpus_allowed(),
 * except that @cpu doesn't need to be online, and the thread must be
 * stopped (i.e., just returned from kthread_create()).
 */
void kthread_bind(struct task_struct *p, unsigned int cpu)
{
        /* Must have done schedule() in kthread() before we set_task_cpu */
        if (!wait_task_inactive(p, TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE)) {
                WARN_ON(1);
                return;
        }
        __kthread_bind(p, cpu);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(kthread_bind);

/**
 * kthread_create_on_cpu - Create a cpu bound kthread
 * @threadfn: the function to run until signal_pending(current).
 * @data: data ptr for @threadfn.
 * @cpu: The cpu on which the thread should be bound,
 * @namefmt: printf-style name for the thread. Format is restricted
 *           to "name.*%u". Code fills in cpu number.
 *
 * Description: This helper function creates and names a kernel thread
 * The thread will be woken and put into park mode.
 */
struct task_struct *kthread_create_on_cpu(int (*threadfn)(void *data),
                                          void *data, unsigned int cpu,
                                          const char *namefmt)
{
        struct task_struct *p;

        p = kthread_create_on_node(threadfn, data, cpu_to_node(cpu), namefmt,
                                   cpu);
        if (IS_ERR(p))
                return p;
        set_bit(KTHREAD_IS_PER_CPU, &to_kthread(p)->flags);
        to_kthread(p)->cpu = cpu;
        /* Park the thread to get it out of TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE state */
        kthread_park(p);
        return p;
}

static struct kthread *task_get_live_kthread(struct task_struct *k)
{
        struct kthread *kthread;

        get_task_struct(k);
        kthread = to_kthread(k);
        /* It might have exited */
        barrier();
        if (k->vfork_done != NULL)
                return kthread;
        return NULL;
}

/**
 * kthread_unpark - unpark a thread created by kthread_create().
 * @k:          thread created by kthread_create().
 *
 * Sets kthread_should_park() for @k to return false, wakes it, and
 * waits for it to return. If the thread is marked percpu then its
 * bound to the cpu again.
 */
void kthread_unpark(struct task_struct *k)
{
        struct kthread *kthread = task_get_live_kthread(k);

        if (kthread) {
                clear_bit(KTHREAD_SHOULD_PARK, &kthread->flags);
                /*
                 * We clear the IS_PARKED bit here as we don't wait
                 * until the task has left the park code. So if we'd
                 * park before that happens we'd see the IS_PARKED bit
                 * which might be about to be cleared.
                 */
                if (test_and_clear_bit(KTHREAD_IS_PARKED, &kthread->flags)) {
                        if (test_bit(KTHREAD_IS_PER_CPU, &kthread->flags))
                                __kthread_bind(k, kthread->cpu);
                        wake_up_process(k);
                }
        }
        put_task_struct(k);
}

/**
 * kthread_park - park a thread created by kthread_create().
 * @k: thread created by kthread_create().
 *
 * Sets kthread_should_park() for @k to return true, wakes it, and
 * waits for it to return. This can also be called after kthread_create()
 * instead of calling wake_up_process(): the thread will park without
 * calling threadfn().
 *
 * Returns 0 if the thread is parked, -ENOSYS if the thread exited.
 * If called by the kthread itself just the park bit is set.
 */
int kthread_park(struct task_struct *k)
{
        struct kthread *kthread = task_get_live_kthread(k);
        int ret = -ENOSYS;

        if (kthread) {
                if (!test_bit(KTHREAD_IS_PARKED, &kthread->flags)) {
                        set_bit(KTHREAD_SHOULD_PARK, &kthread->flags);
                        if (k != current) {
                                wake_up_process(k);
                                wait_for_completion(&kthread->parked);
                        }
                }
                ret = 0;
        }
        put_task_struct(k);
        return ret;
}

/**
 * kthread_stop - stop a thread created by kthread_create().
 * @k: thread created by kthread_create().
 *
 * Sets kthread_should_stop() for @k to return true, wakes it, and
 * waits for it to exit. This can also be called after kthread_create()
 * instead of calling wake_up_process(): the thread will exit without
 * calling threadfn().
 *
 * If threadfn() may call do_exit() itself, the caller must ensure
 * task_struct can't go away.
 *
 * Returns the result of threadfn(), or %-EINTR if wake_up_process()
 * was never called.
 */
int kthread_stop(struct task_struct *k)
{
        struct kthread *kthread = task_get_live_kthread(k);
        int ret;

        trace_sched_kthread_stop(k);
        if (kthread) {
                set_bit(KTHREAD_SHOULD_STOP, &kthread->flags);
                clear_bit(KTHREAD_SHOULD_PARK, &kthread->flags);
                wake_up_process(k);
                wait_for_completion(&kthread->exited);
        }
        ret = k->exit_code;

        put_task_struct(k);
        trace_sched_kthread_stop_ret(ret);

        return ret;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(kthread_stop);

int kthreadd(void *unused)
{
        struct task_struct *tsk = current;

        /* Setup a clean context for our children to inherit. */
        set_task_comm(tsk, "kthreadd");
        ignore_signals(tsk);
        set_cpus_allowed_ptr(tsk, cpu_all_mask);
        set_mems_allowed(node_states[N_HIGH_MEMORY]);

        current->flags |= PF_NOFREEZE;

        for (;;) {
                set_current_state(TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE);
                if (list_empty(&kthread_create_list))
                        schedule();
                __set_current_state(TASK_RUNNING);

                spin_lock(&kthread_create_lock);
                while (!list_empty(&kthread_create_list)) {
                        struct kthread_create_info *create;

                        create = list_entry(kthread_create_list.next,
                                            struct kthread_create_info, list);
                        list_del_init(&create->list);
                        spin_unlock(&kthread_create_lock);

                        create_kthread(create);

                        spin_lock(&kthread_create_lock);
                }
                spin_unlock(&kthread_create_lock);
        }

        return 0;
}

void __init_kthread_worker(struct kthread_worker *worker,
                                const char *name,
                                struct lock_class_key *key)
{
        spin_lock_init(&worker->lock);
        lockdep_set_class_and_name(&worker->lock, key, name);
        INIT_LIST_HEAD(&worker->work_list);
        worker->task = NULL;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(__init_kthread_worker);

/**
 * kthread_worker_fn - kthread function to process kthread_worker
 * @worker_ptr: pointer to initialized kthread_worker
 *
 * This function can be used as @threadfn to kthread_create() or
 * kthread_run() with @worker_ptr argument pointing to an initialized
 * kthread_worker.  The started kthread will process work_list until
 * the it is stopped with kthread_stop().  A kthread can also call
 * this function directly after extra initialization.
 *
 * Different kthreads can be used for the same kthread_worker as long
 * as there's only one kthread attached to it at any given time.  A
 * kthread_worker without an attached kthread simply collects queued
 * kthread_works.
 */
int kthread_worker_fn(void *worker_ptr)
{
        struct kthread_worker *worker = worker_ptr;
        struct kthread_work *work;

        WARN_ON(worker->task);
        worker->task = current;
repeat:
        set_current_state(TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE);  /* mb paired w/ kthread_stop */

        if (kthread_should_stop()) {
                __set_current_state(TASK_RUNNING);
                spin_lock_irq(&worker->lock);
                worker->task = NULL;
                spin_unlock_irq(&worker->lock);
                return 0;
        }

        work = NULL;
        spin_lock_irq(&worker->lock);
        if (!list_empty(&worker->work_list)) {
                work = list_first_entry(&worker->work_list,
                                        struct kthread_work, node);
                list_del_init(&work->node);
        }
        worker->current_work = work;
        spin_unlock_irq(&worker->lock);

        if (work) {
                __set_current_state(TASK_RUNNING);
                work->func(work);
        } else if (!freezing(current))
                schedule();

        try_to_freeze();
        goto repeat;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(kthread_worker_fn);

/* insert @work before @pos in @worker */
static void insert_kthread_work(struct kthread_worker *worker,
                               struct kthread_work *work,
                               struct list_head *pos)
{
        lockdep_assert_held(&worker->lock);

        list_add_tail(&work->node, pos);
        work->worker = worker;
        if (likely(worker->task))
                wake_up_process(worker->task);
}

/**
 * queue_kthread_work - queue a kthread_work
 * @worker: target kthread_worker
 * @work: kthread_work to queue
 *
 * Queue @work to work processor @task for async execution.  @task
 * must have been created with kthread_worker_create().  Returns %true
 * if @work was successfully queued, %false if it was already pending.
 */
bool queue_kthread_work(struct kthread_worker *worker,
                        struct kthread_work *work)
{
        bool ret = false;
        unsigned long flags;

        spin_lock_irqsave(&worker->lock, flags);
        if (list_empty(&work->node)) {
                insert_kthread_work(worker, work, &worker->work_list);
                ret = true;
        }
        spin_unlock_irqrestore(&worker->lock, flags);
        return ret;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(queue_kthread_work);

struct kthread_flush_work {
        struct kthread_work     work;
        struct completion       done;
};

static void kthread_flush_work_fn(struct kthread_work *work)
{
        struct kthread_flush_work *fwork =
                container_of(work, struct kthread_flush_work, work);
        complete(&fwork->done);
}

/**
 * flush_kthread_work - flush a kthread_work
 * @work: work to flush
 *
 * If @work is queued or executing, wait for it to finish execution.
 */
void flush_kthread_work(struct kthread_work *work)
{
        struct kthread_flush_work fwork = {
                KTHREAD_WORK_INIT(fwork.work, kthread_flush_work_fn),
                COMPLETION_INITIALIZER_ONSTACK(fwork.done),
        };
        struct kthread_worker *worker;
        bool noop = false;

retry:
        worker = work->worker;
        if (!worker)
                return;

        spin_lock_irq(&worker->lock);
        if (work->worker != worker) {
                spin_unlock_irq(&worker->lock);
                goto retry;
        }

        if (!list_empty(&work->node))
                insert_kthread_work(worker, &fwork.work, work->node.next);
        else if (worker->current_work == work)
                insert_kthread_work(worker, &fwork.work, worker->work_list.next);
        else
                noop = true;

        spin_unlock_irq(&worker->lock);

        if (!noop)
                wait_for_completion(&fwork.done);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(flush_kthread_work);

/**
 * flush_kthread_worker - flush all current works on a kthread_worker
 * @worker: worker to flush
 *
 * Wait until all currently executing or pending works on @worker are
 * finished.
 */
void flush_kthread_worker(struct kthread_worker *worker)
{
        struct kthread_flush_work fwork = {
                KTHREAD_WORK_INIT(fwork.work, kthread_flush_work_fn),
                COMPLETION_INITIALIZER_ONSTACK(fwork.done),
        };

        queue_kthread_work(worker, &fwork.work);
        wait_for_completion(&fwork.done);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(flush_kthread_worker);