Merge tag 'spi-fix-v4.19-rc4' of https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git...
[linux-2.6/btrfs-unstable.git] / include / linux / iommu.h
blob87994c265bf5068cc31381623629521f59cf4aa2
1 /*
2 * Copyright (C) 2007-2008 Advanced Micro Devices, Inc.
3 * Author: Joerg Roedel <joerg.roedel@amd.com>
5 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
6 * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as published
7 * by the Free Software Foundation.
9 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
10 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
11 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
12 * GNU General Public License for more details.
14 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
15 * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
16 * Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA
19 #ifndef __LINUX_IOMMU_H
20 #define __LINUX_IOMMU_H
22 #include <linux/scatterlist.h>
23 #include <linux/device.h>
24 #include <linux/types.h>
25 #include <linux/errno.h>
26 #include <linux/err.h>
27 #include <linux/of.h>
29 #define IOMMU_READ (1 << 0)
30 #define IOMMU_WRITE (1 << 1)
31 #define IOMMU_CACHE (1 << 2) /* DMA cache coherency */
32 #define IOMMU_NOEXEC (1 << 3)
33 #define IOMMU_MMIO (1 << 4) /* e.g. things like MSI doorbells */
35 * Where the bus hardware includes a privilege level as part of its access type
36 * markings, and certain devices are capable of issuing transactions marked as
37 * either 'supervisor' or 'user', the IOMMU_PRIV flag requests that the other
38 * given permission flags only apply to accesses at the higher privilege level,
39 * and that unprivileged transactions should have as little access as possible.
40 * This would usually imply the same permissions as kernel mappings on the CPU,
41 * if the IOMMU page table format is equivalent.
43 #define IOMMU_PRIV (1 << 5)
45 struct iommu_ops;
46 struct iommu_group;
47 struct bus_type;
48 struct device;
49 struct iommu_domain;
50 struct notifier_block;
52 /* iommu fault flags */
53 #define IOMMU_FAULT_READ 0x0
54 #define IOMMU_FAULT_WRITE 0x1
56 typedef int (*iommu_fault_handler_t)(struct iommu_domain *,
57 struct device *, unsigned long, int, void *);
59 struct iommu_domain_geometry {
60 dma_addr_t aperture_start; /* First address that can be mapped */
61 dma_addr_t aperture_end; /* Last address that can be mapped */
62 bool force_aperture; /* DMA only allowed in mappable range? */
65 /* Domain feature flags */
66 #define __IOMMU_DOMAIN_PAGING (1U << 0) /* Support for iommu_map/unmap */
67 #define __IOMMU_DOMAIN_DMA_API (1U << 1) /* Domain for use in DMA-API
68 implementation */
69 #define __IOMMU_DOMAIN_PT (1U << 2) /* Domain is identity mapped */
72 * This are the possible domain-types
74 * IOMMU_DOMAIN_BLOCKED - All DMA is blocked, can be used to isolate
75 * devices
76 * IOMMU_DOMAIN_IDENTITY - DMA addresses are system physical addresses
77 * IOMMU_DOMAIN_UNMANAGED - DMA mappings managed by IOMMU-API user, used
78 * for VMs
79 * IOMMU_DOMAIN_DMA - Internally used for DMA-API implementations.
80 * This flag allows IOMMU drivers to implement
81 * certain optimizations for these domains
83 #define IOMMU_DOMAIN_BLOCKED (0U)
84 #define IOMMU_DOMAIN_IDENTITY (__IOMMU_DOMAIN_PT)
85 #define IOMMU_DOMAIN_UNMANAGED (__IOMMU_DOMAIN_PAGING)
86 #define IOMMU_DOMAIN_DMA (__IOMMU_DOMAIN_PAGING | \
87 __IOMMU_DOMAIN_DMA_API)
89 struct iommu_domain {
90 unsigned type;
91 const struct iommu_ops *ops;
92 unsigned long pgsize_bitmap; /* Bitmap of page sizes in use */
93 iommu_fault_handler_t handler;
94 void *handler_token;
95 struct iommu_domain_geometry geometry;
96 void *iova_cookie;
99 enum iommu_cap {
100 IOMMU_CAP_CACHE_COHERENCY, /* IOMMU can enforce cache coherent DMA
101 transactions */
102 IOMMU_CAP_INTR_REMAP, /* IOMMU supports interrupt isolation */
103 IOMMU_CAP_NOEXEC, /* IOMMU_NOEXEC flag */
107 * Following constraints are specifc to FSL_PAMUV1:
108 * -aperture must be power of 2, and naturally aligned
109 * -number of windows must be power of 2, and address space size
110 * of each window is determined by aperture size / # of windows
111 * -the actual size of the mapped region of a window must be power
112 * of 2 starting with 4KB and physical address must be naturally
113 * aligned.
114 * DOMAIN_ATTR_FSL_PAMUV1 corresponds to the above mentioned contraints.
115 * The caller can invoke iommu_domain_get_attr to check if the underlying
116 * iommu implementation supports these constraints.
119 enum iommu_attr {
120 DOMAIN_ATTR_GEOMETRY,
121 DOMAIN_ATTR_PAGING,
122 DOMAIN_ATTR_WINDOWS,
123 DOMAIN_ATTR_FSL_PAMU_STASH,
124 DOMAIN_ATTR_FSL_PAMU_ENABLE,
125 DOMAIN_ATTR_FSL_PAMUV1,
126 DOMAIN_ATTR_NESTING, /* two stages of translation */
127 DOMAIN_ATTR_MAX,
130 /* These are the possible reserved region types */
131 enum iommu_resv_type {
132 /* Memory regions which must be mapped 1:1 at all times */
133 IOMMU_RESV_DIRECT,
134 /* Arbitrary "never map this or give it to a device" address ranges */
135 IOMMU_RESV_RESERVED,
136 /* Hardware MSI region (untranslated) */
137 IOMMU_RESV_MSI,
138 /* Software-managed MSI translation window */
139 IOMMU_RESV_SW_MSI,
143 * struct iommu_resv_region - descriptor for a reserved memory region
144 * @list: Linked list pointers
145 * @start: System physical start address of the region
146 * @length: Length of the region in bytes
147 * @prot: IOMMU Protection flags (READ/WRITE/...)
148 * @type: Type of the reserved region
150 struct iommu_resv_region {
151 struct list_head list;
152 phys_addr_t start;
153 size_t length;
154 int prot;
155 enum iommu_resv_type type;
158 #ifdef CONFIG_IOMMU_API
161 * struct iommu_ops - iommu ops and capabilities
162 * @capable: check capability
163 * @domain_alloc: allocate iommu domain
164 * @domain_free: free iommu domain
165 * @attach_dev: attach device to an iommu domain
166 * @detach_dev: detach device from an iommu domain
167 * @map: map a physically contiguous memory region to an iommu domain
168 * @unmap: unmap a physically contiguous memory region from an iommu domain
169 * @flush_tlb_all: Synchronously flush all hardware TLBs for this domain
170 * @tlb_range_add: Add a given iova range to the flush queue for this domain
171 * @tlb_sync: Flush all queued ranges from the hardware TLBs and empty flush
172 * queue
173 * @iova_to_phys: translate iova to physical address
174 * @add_device: add device to iommu grouping
175 * @remove_device: remove device from iommu grouping
176 * @device_group: find iommu group for a particular device
177 * @domain_get_attr: Query domain attributes
178 * @domain_set_attr: Change domain attributes
179 * @get_resv_regions: Request list of reserved regions for a device
180 * @put_resv_regions: Free list of reserved regions for a device
181 * @apply_resv_region: Temporary helper call-back for iova reserved ranges
182 * @domain_window_enable: Configure and enable a particular window for a domain
183 * @domain_window_disable: Disable a particular window for a domain
184 * @domain_set_windows: Set the number of windows for a domain
185 * @domain_get_windows: Return the number of windows for a domain
186 * @of_xlate: add OF master IDs to iommu grouping
187 * @pgsize_bitmap: bitmap of all possible supported page sizes
189 struct iommu_ops {
190 bool (*capable)(enum iommu_cap);
192 /* Domain allocation and freeing by the iommu driver */
193 struct iommu_domain *(*domain_alloc)(unsigned iommu_domain_type);
194 void (*domain_free)(struct iommu_domain *);
196 int (*attach_dev)(struct iommu_domain *domain, struct device *dev);
197 void (*detach_dev)(struct iommu_domain *domain, struct device *dev);
198 int (*map)(struct iommu_domain *domain, unsigned long iova,
199 phys_addr_t paddr, size_t size, int prot);
200 size_t (*unmap)(struct iommu_domain *domain, unsigned long iova,
201 size_t size);
202 void (*flush_iotlb_all)(struct iommu_domain *domain);
203 void (*iotlb_range_add)(struct iommu_domain *domain,
204 unsigned long iova, size_t size);
205 void (*iotlb_sync)(struct iommu_domain *domain);
206 phys_addr_t (*iova_to_phys)(struct iommu_domain *domain, dma_addr_t iova);
207 int (*add_device)(struct device *dev);
208 void (*remove_device)(struct device *dev);
209 struct iommu_group *(*device_group)(struct device *dev);
210 int (*domain_get_attr)(struct iommu_domain *domain,
211 enum iommu_attr attr, void *data);
212 int (*domain_set_attr)(struct iommu_domain *domain,
213 enum iommu_attr attr, void *data);
215 /* Request/Free a list of reserved regions for a device */
216 void (*get_resv_regions)(struct device *dev, struct list_head *list);
217 void (*put_resv_regions)(struct device *dev, struct list_head *list);
218 void (*apply_resv_region)(struct device *dev,
219 struct iommu_domain *domain,
220 struct iommu_resv_region *region);
222 /* Window handling functions */
223 int (*domain_window_enable)(struct iommu_domain *domain, u32 wnd_nr,
224 phys_addr_t paddr, u64 size, int prot);
225 void (*domain_window_disable)(struct iommu_domain *domain, u32 wnd_nr);
226 /* Set the number of windows per domain */
227 int (*domain_set_windows)(struct iommu_domain *domain, u32 w_count);
228 /* Get the number of windows per domain */
229 u32 (*domain_get_windows)(struct iommu_domain *domain);
231 int (*of_xlate)(struct device *dev, struct of_phandle_args *args);
232 bool (*is_attach_deferred)(struct iommu_domain *domain, struct device *dev);
234 unsigned long pgsize_bitmap;
238 * struct iommu_device - IOMMU core representation of one IOMMU hardware
239 * instance
240 * @list: Used by the iommu-core to keep a list of registered iommus
241 * @ops: iommu-ops for talking to this iommu
242 * @dev: struct device for sysfs handling
244 struct iommu_device {
245 struct list_head list;
246 const struct iommu_ops *ops;
247 struct fwnode_handle *fwnode;
248 struct device *dev;
251 int iommu_device_register(struct iommu_device *iommu);
252 void iommu_device_unregister(struct iommu_device *iommu);
253 int iommu_device_sysfs_add(struct iommu_device *iommu,
254 struct device *parent,
255 const struct attribute_group **groups,
256 const char *fmt, ...) __printf(4, 5);
257 void iommu_device_sysfs_remove(struct iommu_device *iommu);
258 int iommu_device_link(struct iommu_device *iommu, struct device *link);
259 void iommu_device_unlink(struct iommu_device *iommu, struct device *link);
261 static inline void iommu_device_set_ops(struct iommu_device *iommu,
262 const struct iommu_ops *ops)
264 iommu->ops = ops;
267 static inline void iommu_device_set_fwnode(struct iommu_device *iommu,
268 struct fwnode_handle *fwnode)
270 iommu->fwnode = fwnode;
273 static inline struct iommu_device *dev_to_iommu_device(struct device *dev)
275 return (struct iommu_device *)dev_get_drvdata(dev);
278 #define IOMMU_GROUP_NOTIFY_ADD_DEVICE 1 /* Device added */
279 #define IOMMU_GROUP_NOTIFY_DEL_DEVICE 2 /* Pre Device removed */
280 #define IOMMU_GROUP_NOTIFY_BIND_DRIVER 3 /* Pre Driver bind */
281 #define IOMMU_GROUP_NOTIFY_BOUND_DRIVER 4 /* Post Driver bind */
282 #define IOMMU_GROUP_NOTIFY_UNBIND_DRIVER 5 /* Pre Driver unbind */
283 #define IOMMU_GROUP_NOTIFY_UNBOUND_DRIVER 6 /* Post Driver unbind */
285 extern int bus_set_iommu(struct bus_type *bus, const struct iommu_ops *ops);
286 extern bool iommu_present(struct bus_type *bus);
287 extern bool iommu_capable(struct bus_type *bus, enum iommu_cap cap);
288 extern struct iommu_domain *iommu_domain_alloc(struct bus_type *bus);
289 extern struct iommu_group *iommu_group_get_by_id(int id);
290 extern void iommu_domain_free(struct iommu_domain *domain);
291 extern int iommu_attach_device(struct iommu_domain *domain,
292 struct device *dev);
293 extern void iommu_detach_device(struct iommu_domain *domain,
294 struct device *dev);
295 extern struct iommu_domain *iommu_get_domain_for_dev(struct device *dev);
296 extern int iommu_map(struct iommu_domain *domain, unsigned long iova,
297 phys_addr_t paddr, size_t size, int prot);
298 extern size_t iommu_unmap(struct iommu_domain *domain, unsigned long iova,
299 size_t size);
300 extern size_t iommu_unmap_fast(struct iommu_domain *domain,
301 unsigned long iova, size_t size);
302 extern size_t iommu_map_sg(struct iommu_domain *domain, unsigned long iova,
303 struct scatterlist *sg,unsigned int nents, int prot);
304 extern phys_addr_t iommu_iova_to_phys(struct iommu_domain *domain, dma_addr_t iova);
305 extern void iommu_set_fault_handler(struct iommu_domain *domain,
306 iommu_fault_handler_t handler, void *token);
308 extern void iommu_get_resv_regions(struct device *dev, struct list_head *list);
309 extern void iommu_put_resv_regions(struct device *dev, struct list_head *list);
310 extern int iommu_request_dm_for_dev(struct device *dev);
311 extern struct iommu_resv_region *
312 iommu_alloc_resv_region(phys_addr_t start, size_t length, int prot,
313 enum iommu_resv_type type);
314 extern int iommu_get_group_resv_regions(struct iommu_group *group,
315 struct list_head *head);
317 extern int iommu_attach_group(struct iommu_domain *domain,
318 struct iommu_group *group);
319 extern void iommu_detach_group(struct iommu_domain *domain,
320 struct iommu_group *group);
321 extern struct iommu_group *iommu_group_alloc(void);
322 extern void *iommu_group_get_iommudata(struct iommu_group *group);
323 extern void iommu_group_set_iommudata(struct iommu_group *group,
324 void *iommu_data,
325 void (*release)(void *iommu_data));
326 extern int iommu_group_set_name(struct iommu_group *group, const char *name);
327 extern int iommu_group_add_device(struct iommu_group *group,
328 struct device *dev);
329 extern void iommu_group_remove_device(struct device *dev);
330 extern int iommu_group_for_each_dev(struct iommu_group *group, void *data,
331 int (*fn)(struct device *, void *));
332 extern struct iommu_group *iommu_group_get(struct device *dev);
333 extern struct iommu_group *iommu_group_ref_get(struct iommu_group *group);
334 extern void iommu_group_put(struct iommu_group *group);
335 extern int iommu_group_register_notifier(struct iommu_group *group,
336 struct notifier_block *nb);
337 extern int iommu_group_unregister_notifier(struct iommu_group *group,
338 struct notifier_block *nb);
339 extern int iommu_group_id(struct iommu_group *group);
340 extern struct iommu_group *iommu_group_get_for_dev(struct device *dev);
341 extern struct iommu_domain *iommu_group_default_domain(struct iommu_group *);
343 extern int iommu_domain_get_attr(struct iommu_domain *domain, enum iommu_attr,
344 void *data);
345 extern int iommu_domain_set_attr(struct iommu_domain *domain, enum iommu_attr,
346 void *data);
348 /* Window handling function prototypes */
349 extern int iommu_domain_window_enable(struct iommu_domain *domain, u32 wnd_nr,
350 phys_addr_t offset, u64 size,
351 int prot);
352 extern void iommu_domain_window_disable(struct iommu_domain *domain, u32 wnd_nr);
354 extern int report_iommu_fault(struct iommu_domain *domain, struct device *dev,
355 unsigned long iova, int flags);
357 static inline void iommu_flush_tlb_all(struct iommu_domain *domain)
359 if (domain->ops->flush_iotlb_all)
360 domain->ops->flush_iotlb_all(domain);
363 static inline void iommu_tlb_range_add(struct iommu_domain *domain,
364 unsigned long iova, size_t size)
366 if (domain->ops->iotlb_range_add)
367 domain->ops->iotlb_range_add(domain, iova, size);
370 static inline void iommu_tlb_sync(struct iommu_domain *domain)
372 if (domain->ops->iotlb_sync)
373 domain->ops->iotlb_sync(domain);
376 /* PCI device grouping function */
377 extern struct iommu_group *pci_device_group(struct device *dev);
378 /* Generic device grouping function */
379 extern struct iommu_group *generic_device_group(struct device *dev);
382 * struct iommu_fwspec - per-device IOMMU instance data
383 * @ops: ops for this device's IOMMU
384 * @iommu_fwnode: firmware handle for this device's IOMMU
385 * @iommu_priv: IOMMU driver private data for this device
386 * @num_ids: number of associated device IDs
387 * @ids: IDs which this device may present to the IOMMU
389 struct iommu_fwspec {
390 const struct iommu_ops *ops;
391 struct fwnode_handle *iommu_fwnode;
392 void *iommu_priv;
393 unsigned int num_ids;
394 u32 ids[1];
397 int iommu_fwspec_init(struct device *dev, struct fwnode_handle *iommu_fwnode,
398 const struct iommu_ops *ops);
399 void iommu_fwspec_free(struct device *dev);
400 int iommu_fwspec_add_ids(struct device *dev, u32 *ids, int num_ids);
401 const struct iommu_ops *iommu_ops_from_fwnode(struct fwnode_handle *fwnode);
403 #else /* CONFIG_IOMMU_API */
405 struct iommu_ops {};
406 struct iommu_group {};
407 struct iommu_fwspec {};
408 struct iommu_device {};
410 static inline bool iommu_present(struct bus_type *bus)
412 return false;
415 static inline bool iommu_capable(struct bus_type *bus, enum iommu_cap cap)
417 return false;
420 static inline struct iommu_domain *iommu_domain_alloc(struct bus_type *bus)
422 return NULL;
425 static inline struct iommu_group *iommu_group_get_by_id(int id)
427 return NULL;
430 static inline void iommu_domain_free(struct iommu_domain *domain)
434 static inline int iommu_attach_device(struct iommu_domain *domain,
435 struct device *dev)
437 return -ENODEV;
440 static inline void iommu_detach_device(struct iommu_domain *domain,
441 struct device *dev)
445 static inline struct iommu_domain *iommu_get_domain_for_dev(struct device *dev)
447 return NULL;
450 static inline int iommu_map(struct iommu_domain *domain, unsigned long iova,
451 phys_addr_t paddr, size_t size, int prot)
453 return -ENODEV;
456 static inline size_t iommu_unmap(struct iommu_domain *domain,
457 unsigned long iova, size_t size)
459 return 0;
462 static inline size_t iommu_unmap_fast(struct iommu_domain *domain,
463 unsigned long iova, int gfp_order)
465 return 0;
468 static inline size_t iommu_map_sg(struct iommu_domain *domain,
469 unsigned long iova, struct scatterlist *sg,
470 unsigned int nents, int prot)
472 return 0;
475 static inline void iommu_flush_tlb_all(struct iommu_domain *domain)
479 static inline void iommu_tlb_range_add(struct iommu_domain *domain,
480 unsigned long iova, size_t size)
484 static inline void iommu_tlb_sync(struct iommu_domain *domain)
488 static inline int iommu_domain_window_enable(struct iommu_domain *domain,
489 u32 wnd_nr, phys_addr_t paddr,
490 u64 size, int prot)
492 return -ENODEV;
495 static inline void iommu_domain_window_disable(struct iommu_domain *domain,
496 u32 wnd_nr)
500 static inline phys_addr_t iommu_iova_to_phys(struct iommu_domain *domain, dma_addr_t iova)
502 return 0;
505 static inline void iommu_set_fault_handler(struct iommu_domain *domain,
506 iommu_fault_handler_t handler, void *token)
510 static inline void iommu_get_resv_regions(struct device *dev,
511 struct list_head *list)
515 static inline void iommu_put_resv_regions(struct device *dev,
516 struct list_head *list)
520 static inline int iommu_get_group_resv_regions(struct iommu_group *group,
521 struct list_head *head)
523 return -ENODEV;
526 static inline int iommu_request_dm_for_dev(struct device *dev)
528 return -ENODEV;
531 static inline int iommu_attach_group(struct iommu_domain *domain,
532 struct iommu_group *group)
534 return -ENODEV;
537 static inline void iommu_detach_group(struct iommu_domain *domain,
538 struct iommu_group *group)
542 static inline struct iommu_group *iommu_group_alloc(void)
544 return ERR_PTR(-ENODEV);
547 static inline void *iommu_group_get_iommudata(struct iommu_group *group)
549 return NULL;
552 static inline void iommu_group_set_iommudata(struct iommu_group *group,
553 void *iommu_data,
554 void (*release)(void *iommu_data))
558 static inline int iommu_group_set_name(struct iommu_group *group,
559 const char *name)
561 return -ENODEV;
564 static inline int iommu_group_add_device(struct iommu_group *group,
565 struct device *dev)
567 return -ENODEV;
570 static inline void iommu_group_remove_device(struct device *dev)
574 static inline int iommu_group_for_each_dev(struct iommu_group *group,
575 void *data,
576 int (*fn)(struct device *, void *))
578 return -ENODEV;
581 static inline struct iommu_group *iommu_group_get(struct device *dev)
583 return NULL;
586 static inline void iommu_group_put(struct iommu_group *group)
590 static inline int iommu_group_register_notifier(struct iommu_group *group,
591 struct notifier_block *nb)
593 return -ENODEV;
596 static inline int iommu_group_unregister_notifier(struct iommu_group *group,
597 struct notifier_block *nb)
599 return 0;
602 static inline int iommu_group_id(struct iommu_group *group)
604 return -ENODEV;
607 static inline int iommu_domain_get_attr(struct iommu_domain *domain,
608 enum iommu_attr attr, void *data)
610 return -EINVAL;
613 static inline int iommu_domain_set_attr(struct iommu_domain *domain,
614 enum iommu_attr attr, void *data)
616 return -EINVAL;
619 static inline int iommu_device_register(struct iommu_device *iommu)
621 return -ENODEV;
624 static inline void iommu_device_set_ops(struct iommu_device *iommu,
625 const struct iommu_ops *ops)
629 static inline void iommu_device_set_fwnode(struct iommu_device *iommu,
630 struct fwnode_handle *fwnode)
634 static inline struct iommu_device *dev_to_iommu_device(struct device *dev)
636 return NULL;
639 static inline void iommu_device_unregister(struct iommu_device *iommu)
643 static inline int iommu_device_sysfs_add(struct iommu_device *iommu,
644 struct device *parent,
645 const struct attribute_group **groups,
646 const char *fmt, ...)
648 return -ENODEV;
651 static inline void iommu_device_sysfs_remove(struct iommu_device *iommu)
655 static inline int iommu_device_link(struct device *dev, struct device *link)
657 return -EINVAL;
660 static inline void iommu_device_unlink(struct device *dev, struct device *link)
664 static inline int iommu_fwspec_init(struct device *dev,
665 struct fwnode_handle *iommu_fwnode,
666 const struct iommu_ops *ops)
668 return -ENODEV;
671 static inline void iommu_fwspec_free(struct device *dev)
675 static inline int iommu_fwspec_add_ids(struct device *dev, u32 *ids,
676 int num_ids)
678 return -ENODEV;
681 static inline
682 const struct iommu_ops *iommu_ops_from_fwnode(struct fwnode_handle *fwnode)
684 return NULL;
687 #endif /* CONFIG_IOMMU_API */
689 #ifdef CONFIG_IOMMU_DEBUGFS
690 extern struct dentry *iommu_debugfs_dir;
691 void iommu_debugfs_setup(void);
692 #else
693 static inline void iommu_debugfs_setup(void) {}
694 #endif
696 #endif /* __LINUX_IOMMU_H */