2 * at24.c - handle most I2C EEPROMs
4 * Copyright (C) 2005-2007 David Brownell
5 * Copyright (C) 2008 Wolfram Sang, Pengutronix
7 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
8 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
9 * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
10 * (at your option) any later version.
12 #include <linux/kernel.h>
13 #include <linux/init.h>
14 #include <linux/module.h>
15 #include <linux/slab.h>
16 #include <linux/delay.h>
17 #include <linux/mutex.h>
18 #include <linux/mod_devicetable.h>
19 #include <linux/log2.h>
20 #include <linux/bitops.h>
21 #include <linux/jiffies.h>
23 #include <linux/acpi.h>
24 #include <linux/i2c.h>
25 #include <linux/nvmem-provider.h>
26 #include <linux/regmap.h>
27 #include <linux/platform_data/at24.h>
30 * I2C EEPROMs from most vendors are inexpensive and mostly interchangeable.
31 * Differences between different vendor product lines (like Atmel AT24C or
32 * MicroChip 24LC, etc) won't much matter for typical read/write access.
33 * There are also I2C RAM chips, likewise interchangeable. One example
34 * would be the PCF8570, which acts like a 24c02 EEPROM (256 bytes).
36 * However, misconfiguration can lose data. "Set 16-bit memory address"
37 * to a part with 8-bit addressing will overwrite data. Writing with too
38 * big a page size also loses data. And it's not safe to assume that the
39 * conventional addresses 0x50..0x57 only hold eeproms; a PCF8563 RTC
40 * uses 0x51, for just one example.
42 * Accordingly, explicit board-specific configuration data should be used
43 * in almost all cases. (One partial exception is an SMBus used to access
44 * "SPD" data for DRAM sticks. Those only use 24c02 EEPROMs.)
46 * So this driver uses "new style" I2C driver binding, expecting to be
47 * told what devices exist. That may be in arch/X/mach-Y/board-Z.c or
48 * similar kernel-resident tables; or, configuration data coming from
51 * Other than binding model, current differences from "eeprom" driver are
52 * that this one handles write access and isn't restricted to 24c02 devices.
53 * It also handles larger devices (32 kbit and up) with two-byte addresses,
54 * which won't work on pure SMBus systems.
58 struct at24_platform_data chip
;
63 * Lock protects against activities from other Linux tasks,
64 * but not from changes by other I2C masters.
70 unsigned num_addresses
;
72 struct regmap_config regmap_config
;
73 struct nvmem_config nvmem_config
;
74 struct nvmem_device
*nvmem
;
77 * Some chips tie up multiple I2C addresses; dummy devices reserve
78 * them for us, and we'll use them with SMBus calls.
80 struct i2c_client
*client
[];
84 * This parameter is to help this driver avoid blocking other drivers out
85 * of I2C for potentially troublesome amounts of time. With a 100 kHz I2C
86 * clock, one 256 byte read takes about 1/43 second which is excessive;
87 * but the 1/170 second it takes at 400 kHz may be quite reasonable; and
88 * at 1 MHz (Fm+) a 1/430 second delay could easily be invisible.
90 * This value is forced to be a power of two so that writes align on pages.
92 static unsigned io_limit
= 128;
93 module_param(io_limit
, uint
, 0);
94 MODULE_PARM_DESC(io_limit
, "Maximum bytes per I/O (default 128)");
97 * Specs often allow 5 msec for a page write, sometimes 20 msec;
98 * it's important to recover from write timeouts.
100 static unsigned write_timeout
= 25;
101 module_param(write_timeout
, uint
, 0);
102 MODULE_PARM_DESC(write_timeout
, "Time (in ms) to try writes (default 25)");
104 #define AT24_SIZE_BYTELEN 5
105 #define AT24_SIZE_FLAGS 8
107 #define AT24_BITMASK(x) (BIT(x) - 1)
109 /* create non-zero magic value for given eeprom parameters */
110 #define AT24_DEVICE_MAGIC(_len, _flags) \
111 ((1 << AT24_SIZE_FLAGS | (_flags)) \
112 << AT24_SIZE_BYTELEN | ilog2(_len))
114 static const struct i2c_device_id at24_ids
[] = {
115 /* needs 8 addresses as A0-A2 are ignored */
116 { "24c00", AT24_DEVICE_MAGIC(128 / 8, AT24_FLAG_TAKE8ADDR
) },
117 /* old variants can't be handled with this generic entry! */
118 { "24c01", AT24_DEVICE_MAGIC(1024 / 8, 0) },
119 { "24c02", AT24_DEVICE_MAGIC(2048 / 8, 0) },
120 /* spd is a 24c02 in memory DIMMs */
121 { "spd", AT24_DEVICE_MAGIC(2048 / 8,
122 AT24_FLAG_READONLY
| AT24_FLAG_IRUGO
) },
123 { "24c04", AT24_DEVICE_MAGIC(4096 / 8, 0) },
124 /* 24rf08 quirk is handled at i2c-core */
125 { "24c08", AT24_DEVICE_MAGIC(8192 / 8, 0) },
126 { "24c16", AT24_DEVICE_MAGIC(16384 / 8, 0) },
127 { "24c32", AT24_DEVICE_MAGIC(32768 / 8, AT24_FLAG_ADDR16
) },
128 { "24c64", AT24_DEVICE_MAGIC(65536 / 8, AT24_FLAG_ADDR16
) },
129 { "24c128", AT24_DEVICE_MAGIC(131072 / 8, AT24_FLAG_ADDR16
) },
130 { "24c256", AT24_DEVICE_MAGIC(262144 / 8, AT24_FLAG_ADDR16
) },
131 { "24c512", AT24_DEVICE_MAGIC(524288 / 8, AT24_FLAG_ADDR16
) },
132 { "24c1024", AT24_DEVICE_MAGIC(1048576 / 8, AT24_FLAG_ADDR16
) },
134 { /* END OF LIST */ }
136 MODULE_DEVICE_TABLE(i2c
, at24_ids
);
138 static const struct acpi_device_id at24_acpi_ids
[] = {
139 { "INT3499", AT24_DEVICE_MAGIC(8192 / 8, 0) },
142 MODULE_DEVICE_TABLE(acpi
, at24_acpi_ids
);
144 /*-------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
147 * This routine supports chips which consume multiple I2C addresses. It
148 * computes the addressing information to be used for a given r/w request.
149 * Assumes that sanity checks for offset happened at sysfs-layer.
151 static struct i2c_client
*at24_translate_offset(struct at24_data
*at24
,
156 if (at24
->chip
.flags
& AT24_FLAG_ADDR16
) {
164 return at24
->client
[i
];
167 static ssize_t
at24_eeprom_read(struct at24_data
*at24
, char *buf
,
168 unsigned offset
, size_t count
)
170 struct i2c_msg msg
[2];
172 struct i2c_client
*client
;
173 unsigned long timeout
, read_time
;
176 memset(msg
, 0, sizeof(msg
));
179 * REVISIT some multi-address chips don't rollover page reads to
180 * the next slave address, so we may need to truncate the count.
181 * Those chips might need another quirk flag.
183 * If the real hardware used four adjacent 24c02 chips and that
184 * were misconfigured as one 24c08, that would be a similar effect:
185 * one "eeprom" file not four, but larger reads would fail when
186 * they crossed certain pages.
190 * Slave address and byte offset derive from the offset. Always
191 * set the byte address; on a multi-master board, another master
192 * may have changed the chip's "current" address pointer.
194 client
= at24_translate_offset(at24
, &offset
);
196 if (count
> io_limit
)
199 if (at24
->use_smbus
) {
200 /* Smaller eeproms can work given some SMBus extension calls */
201 if (count
> I2C_SMBUS_BLOCK_MAX
)
202 count
= I2C_SMBUS_BLOCK_MAX
;
205 * When we have a better choice than SMBus calls, use a
206 * combined I2C message. Write address; then read up to
207 * io_limit data bytes. Note that read page rollover helps us
208 * here (unlike writes). msgbuf is u8 and will cast to our
212 if (at24
->chip
.flags
& AT24_FLAG_ADDR16
)
213 msgbuf
[i
++] = offset
>> 8;
214 msgbuf
[i
++] = offset
;
216 msg
[0].addr
= client
->addr
;
220 msg
[1].addr
= client
->addr
;
221 msg
[1].flags
= I2C_M_RD
;
227 * Reads fail if the previous write didn't complete yet. We may
228 * loop a few times until this one succeeds, waiting at least
229 * long enough for one entire page write to work.
231 timeout
= jiffies
+ msecs_to_jiffies(write_timeout
);
234 if (at24
->use_smbus
) {
235 status
= i2c_smbus_read_i2c_block_data_or_emulated(client
, offset
,
238 status
= i2c_transfer(client
->adapter
, msg
, 2);
242 dev_dbg(&client
->dev
, "read %zu@%d --> %d (%ld)\n",
243 count
, offset
, status
, jiffies
);
248 usleep_range(1000, 1500);
249 } while (time_before(read_time
, timeout
));
254 static ssize_t
at24_read(struct at24_data
*at24
,
255 char *buf
, loff_t off
, size_t count
)
259 if (unlikely(!count
))
263 * Read data from chip, protecting against concurrent updates
264 * from this host, but not from other I2C masters.
266 mutex_lock(&at24
->lock
);
271 status
= at24_eeprom_read(at24
, buf
, off
, count
);
283 mutex_unlock(&at24
->lock
);
289 * Note that if the hardware write-protect pin is pulled high, the whole
290 * chip is normally write protected. But there are plenty of product
291 * variants here, including OTP fuses and partial chip protect.
293 * We only use page mode writes; the alternative is sloooow. This routine
294 * writes at most one page.
296 static ssize_t
at24_eeprom_write(struct at24_data
*at24
, const char *buf
,
297 unsigned offset
, size_t count
)
299 struct i2c_client
*client
;
302 unsigned long timeout
, write_time
;
305 /* Get corresponding I2C address and adjust offset */
306 client
= at24_translate_offset(at24
, &offset
);
308 /* write_max is at most a page */
309 if (count
> at24
->write_max
)
310 count
= at24
->write_max
;
312 /* Never roll over backwards, to the start of this page */
313 next_page
= roundup(offset
+ 1, at24
->chip
.page_size
);
314 if (offset
+ count
> next_page
)
315 count
= next_page
- offset
;
317 /* If we'll use I2C calls for I/O, set up the message */
318 if (!at24
->use_smbus
) {
321 msg
.addr
= client
->addr
;
324 /* msg.buf is u8 and casts will mask the values */
325 msg
.buf
= at24
->writebuf
;
326 if (at24
->chip
.flags
& AT24_FLAG_ADDR16
)
327 msg
.buf
[i
++] = offset
>> 8;
329 msg
.buf
[i
++] = offset
;
330 memcpy(&msg
.buf
[i
], buf
, count
);
335 * Writes fail if the previous one didn't complete yet. We may
336 * loop a few times until this one succeeds, waiting at least
337 * long enough for one entire page write to work.
339 timeout
= jiffies
+ msecs_to_jiffies(write_timeout
);
341 write_time
= jiffies
;
342 if (at24
->use_smbus_write
) {
343 switch (at24
->use_smbus_write
) {
344 case I2C_SMBUS_I2C_BLOCK_DATA
:
345 status
= i2c_smbus_write_i2c_block_data(client
,
348 case I2C_SMBUS_BYTE_DATA
:
349 status
= i2c_smbus_write_byte_data(client
,
357 status
= i2c_transfer(client
->adapter
, &msg
, 1);
361 dev_dbg(&client
->dev
, "write %zu@%d --> %zd (%ld)\n",
362 count
, offset
, status
, jiffies
);
367 usleep_range(1000, 1500);
368 } while (time_before(write_time
, timeout
));
373 static ssize_t
at24_write(struct at24_data
*at24
, const char *buf
, loff_t off
,
378 if (unlikely(!count
))
382 * Write data to chip, protecting against concurrent updates
383 * from this host, but not from other I2C masters.
385 mutex_lock(&at24
->lock
);
390 status
= at24_eeprom_write(at24
, buf
, off
, count
);
402 mutex_unlock(&at24
->lock
);
407 /*-------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
410 * Provide a regmap interface, which is registered with the NVMEM
413 static int at24_regmap_read(void *context
, const void *reg
, size_t reg_size
,
414 void *val
, size_t val_size
)
416 struct at24_data
*at24
= context
;
417 off_t offset
= *(u32
*)reg
;
420 err
= at24_read(at24
, val
, offset
, val_size
);
426 static int at24_regmap_write(void *context
, const void *data
, size_t count
)
428 struct at24_data
*at24
= context
;
434 memcpy(&offset
, data
, sizeof(offset
));
435 buf
= (const char *)data
+ sizeof(offset
);
436 len
= count
- sizeof(offset
);
438 err
= at24_write(at24
, buf
, offset
, len
);
444 static const struct regmap_bus at24_regmap_bus
= {
445 .read
= at24_regmap_read
,
446 .write
= at24_regmap_write
,
447 .reg_format_endian_default
= REGMAP_ENDIAN_NATIVE
,
450 /*-------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
453 static void at24_get_ofdata(struct i2c_client
*client
,
454 struct at24_platform_data
*chip
)
457 struct device_node
*node
= client
->dev
.of_node
;
460 if (of_get_property(node
, "read-only", NULL
))
461 chip
->flags
|= AT24_FLAG_READONLY
;
462 val
= of_get_property(node
, "pagesize", NULL
);
464 chip
->page_size
= be32_to_cpup(val
);
468 static void at24_get_ofdata(struct i2c_client
*client
,
469 struct at24_platform_data
*chip
)
471 #endif /* CONFIG_OF */
473 static int at24_probe(struct i2c_client
*client
, const struct i2c_device_id
*id
)
475 struct at24_platform_data chip
;
476 kernel_ulong_t magic
= 0;
479 int use_smbus_write
= 0;
480 struct at24_data
*at24
;
482 unsigned i
, num_addresses
;
483 struct regmap
*regmap
;
485 if (client
->dev
.platform_data
) {
486 chip
= *(struct at24_platform_data
*)client
->dev
.platform_data
;
489 magic
= id
->driver_data
;
491 const struct acpi_device_id
*aid
;
493 aid
= acpi_match_device(at24_acpi_ids
, &client
->dev
);
495 magic
= aid
->driver_data
;
500 chip
.byte_len
= BIT(magic
& AT24_BITMASK(AT24_SIZE_BYTELEN
));
501 magic
>>= AT24_SIZE_BYTELEN
;
502 chip
.flags
= magic
& AT24_BITMASK(AT24_SIZE_FLAGS
);
504 * This is slow, but we can't know all eeproms, so we better
505 * play safe. Specifying custom eeprom-types via platform_data
506 * is recommended anyhow.
510 /* update chipdata if OF is present */
511 at24_get_ofdata(client
, &chip
);
517 if (!is_power_of_2(chip
.byte_len
))
518 dev_warn(&client
->dev
,
519 "byte_len looks suspicious (no power of 2)!\n");
520 if (!chip
.page_size
) {
521 dev_err(&client
->dev
, "page_size must not be 0!\n");
524 if (!is_power_of_2(chip
.page_size
))
525 dev_warn(&client
->dev
,
526 "page_size looks suspicious (no power of 2)!\n");
528 /* Use I2C operations unless we're stuck with SMBus extensions. */
529 if (!i2c_check_functionality(client
->adapter
, I2C_FUNC_I2C
)) {
530 if (chip
.flags
& AT24_FLAG_ADDR16
)
531 return -EPFNOSUPPORT
;
533 if (i2c_check_functionality(client
->adapter
,
534 I2C_FUNC_SMBUS_READ_I2C_BLOCK
)) {
535 use_smbus
= I2C_SMBUS_I2C_BLOCK_DATA
;
536 } else if (i2c_check_functionality(client
->adapter
,
537 I2C_FUNC_SMBUS_READ_WORD_DATA
)) {
538 use_smbus
= I2C_SMBUS_WORD_DATA
;
539 } else if (i2c_check_functionality(client
->adapter
,
540 I2C_FUNC_SMBUS_READ_BYTE_DATA
)) {
541 use_smbus
= I2C_SMBUS_BYTE_DATA
;
543 return -EPFNOSUPPORT
;
546 if (i2c_check_functionality(client
->adapter
,
547 I2C_FUNC_SMBUS_WRITE_I2C_BLOCK
)) {
548 use_smbus_write
= I2C_SMBUS_I2C_BLOCK_DATA
;
549 } else if (i2c_check_functionality(client
->adapter
,
550 I2C_FUNC_SMBUS_WRITE_BYTE_DATA
)) {
551 use_smbus_write
= I2C_SMBUS_BYTE_DATA
;
556 if (chip
.flags
& AT24_FLAG_TAKE8ADDR
)
559 num_addresses
= DIV_ROUND_UP(chip
.byte_len
,
560 (chip
.flags
& AT24_FLAG_ADDR16
) ? 65536 : 256);
562 at24
= devm_kzalloc(&client
->dev
, sizeof(struct at24_data
) +
563 num_addresses
* sizeof(struct i2c_client
*), GFP_KERNEL
);
567 mutex_init(&at24
->lock
);
568 at24
->use_smbus
= use_smbus
;
569 at24
->use_smbus_write
= use_smbus_write
;
571 at24
->num_addresses
= num_addresses
;
573 writable
= !(chip
.flags
& AT24_FLAG_READONLY
);
575 if (!use_smbus
|| use_smbus_write
) {
577 unsigned write_max
= chip
.page_size
;
579 if (write_max
> io_limit
)
580 write_max
= io_limit
;
581 if (use_smbus
&& write_max
> I2C_SMBUS_BLOCK_MAX
)
582 write_max
= I2C_SMBUS_BLOCK_MAX
;
583 at24
->write_max
= write_max
;
585 /* buffer (data + address at the beginning) */
586 at24
->writebuf
= devm_kzalloc(&client
->dev
,
587 write_max
+ 2, GFP_KERNEL
);
591 dev_warn(&client
->dev
,
592 "cannot write due to controller restrictions.");
596 at24
->client
[0] = client
;
598 /* use dummy devices for multiple-address chips */
599 for (i
= 1; i
< num_addresses
; i
++) {
600 at24
->client
[i
] = i2c_new_dummy(client
->adapter
,
602 if (!at24
->client
[i
]) {
603 dev_err(&client
->dev
, "address 0x%02x unavailable\n",
610 at24
->regmap_config
.reg_bits
= 32;
611 at24
->regmap_config
.val_bits
= 8;
612 at24
->regmap_config
.reg_stride
= 1;
613 at24
->regmap_config
.max_register
= chip
.byte_len
- 1;
615 regmap
= devm_regmap_init(&client
->dev
, &at24_regmap_bus
, at24
,
616 &at24
->regmap_config
);
617 if (IS_ERR(regmap
)) {
618 dev_err(&client
->dev
, "regmap init failed\n");
619 err
= PTR_ERR(regmap
);
623 at24
->nvmem_config
.name
= dev_name(&client
->dev
);
624 at24
->nvmem_config
.dev
= &client
->dev
;
625 at24
->nvmem_config
.read_only
= !writable
;
626 at24
->nvmem_config
.root_only
= true;
627 at24
->nvmem_config
.owner
= THIS_MODULE
;
628 at24
->nvmem_config
.compat
= true;
629 at24
->nvmem_config
.base_dev
= &client
->dev
;
631 at24
->nvmem
= nvmem_register(&at24
->nvmem_config
);
633 if (IS_ERR(at24
->nvmem
)) {
634 err
= PTR_ERR(at24
->nvmem
);
638 i2c_set_clientdata(client
, at24
);
640 dev_info(&client
->dev
, "%u byte %s EEPROM, %s, %u bytes/write\n",
641 chip
.byte_len
, client
->name
,
642 writable
? "writable" : "read-only", at24
->write_max
);
643 if (use_smbus
== I2C_SMBUS_WORD_DATA
||
644 use_smbus
== I2C_SMBUS_BYTE_DATA
) {
645 dev_notice(&client
->dev
, "Falling back to %s reads, "
646 "performance will suffer\n", use_smbus
==
647 I2C_SMBUS_WORD_DATA
? "word" : "byte");
650 /* export data to kernel code */
652 chip
.setup(at24
->nvmem
, chip
.context
);
657 for (i
= 1; i
< num_addresses
; i
++)
659 i2c_unregister_device(at24
->client
[i
]);
664 static int at24_remove(struct i2c_client
*client
)
666 struct at24_data
*at24
;
669 at24
= i2c_get_clientdata(client
);
671 nvmem_unregister(at24
->nvmem
);
673 for (i
= 1; i
< at24
->num_addresses
; i
++)
674 i2c_unregister_device(at24
->client
[i
]);
679 /*-------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
681 static struct i2c_driver at24_driver
= {
684 .acpi_match_table
= ACPI_PTR(at24_acpi_ids
),
687 .remove
= at24_remove
,
688 .id_table
= at24_ids
,
691 static int __init
at24_init(void)
694 pr_err("at24: io_limit must not be 0!\n");
698 io_limit
= rounddown_pow_of_two(io_limit
);
699 return i2c_add_driver(&at24_driver
);
701 module_init(at24_init
);
703 static void __exit
at24_exit(void)
705 i2c_del_driver(&at24_driver
);
707 module_exit(at24_exit
);
709 MODULE_DESCRIPTION("Driver for most I2C EEPROMs");
710 MODULE_AUTHOR("David Brownell and Wolfram Sang");
711 MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");