x86: clean up arch/x86/kernel/aperture_64.c

[linux-2.6.git] / arch / x86 / kernel / kprobes_64.c

/*
 *  Kernel Probes (KProbes)
 *
 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
 * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
 * (at your option) any later version.
 *
 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 * GNU General Public License for more details.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
 * Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA.
 *
 * Copyright (C) IBM Corporation, 2002, 2004
 *
 * 2002-Oct     Created by Vamsi Krishna S <vamsi_krishna@in.ibm.com> Kernel
 *              Probes initial implementation ( includes contributions from
 *              Rusty Russell).
 * 2004-July    Suparna Bhattacharya <suparna@in.ibm.com> added jumper probes
 *              interface to access function arguments.
 * 2004-Oct     Jim Keniston <kenistoj@us.ibm.com> and Prasanna S Panchamukhi
 *              <prasanna@in.ibm.com> adapted for x86_64
 * 2005-Mar     Roland McGrath <roland@redhat.com>
 *              Fixed to handle %rip-relative addressing mode correctly.
 * 2005-May     Rusty Lynch <rusty.lynch@intel.com>
 *              Added function return probes functionality
 */

#include <linux/kprobes.h>
#include <linux/ptrace.h>
#include <linux/string.h>
#include <linux/slab.h>
#include <linux/preempt.h>
#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/kdebug.h>

#include <asm/pgtable.h>
#include <asm/uaccess.h>
#include <asm/alternative.h>

void jprobe_return_end(void);
static void __kprobes arch_copy_kprobe(struct kprobe *p);

DEFINE_PER_CPU(struct kprobe *, current_kprobe) = NULL;
DEFINE_PER_CPU(struct kprobe_ctlblk, kprobe_ctlblk);

struct kretprobe_blackpoint kretprobe_blacklist[] = {
        {"__switch_to", }, /* This function switches only current task, but
                              doesn't switch kernel stack.*/
        {NULL, NULL}    /* Terminator */
};
const int kretprobe_blacklist_size = ARRAY_SIZE(kretprobe_blacklist);

/*
 * returns non-zero if opcode modifies the interrupt flag.
 */
static int __kprobes is_IF_modifier(kprobe_opcode_t *insn)
{
        switch (*insn) {
        case 0xfa:              /* cli */
        case 0xfb:              /* sti */
        case 0xcf:              /* iret/iretd */
        case 0x9d:              /* popf/popfd */
                return 1;
        }

        if (*insn  >= 0x40 && *insn <= 0x4f && *++insn == 0xcf)
                return 1;
        return 0;
}

int __kprobes arch_prepare_kprobe(struct kprobe *p)
{
        /* insn: must be on special executable page on x86_64. */
        p->ainsn.insn = get_insn_slot();
        if (!p->ainsn.insn) {
                return -ENOMEM;
        }
        arch_copy_kprobe(p);
        return 0;
}

/*
 * Determine if the instruction uses the %rip-relative addressing mode.
 * If it does, return the address of the 32-bit displacement word.
 * If not, return null.
 */
static s32 __kprobes *is_riprel(u8 *insn)
{
#define W(row,b0,b1,b2,b3,b4,b5,b6,b7,b8,b9,ba,bb,bc,bd,be,bf)                \
        (((b0##UL << 0x0)|(b1##UL << 0x1)|(b2##UL << 0x2)|(b3##UL << 0x3) |   \
          (b4##UL << 0x4)|(b5##UL << 0x5)|(b6##UL << 0x6)|(b7##UL << 0x7) |   \
          (b8##UL << 0x8)|(b9##UL << 0x9)|(ba##UL << 0xa)|(bb##UL << 0xb) |   \
          (bc##UL << 0xc)|(bd##UL << 0xd)|(be##UL << 0xe)|(bf##UL << 0xf))    \
         << (row % 64))
        static const u64 onebyte_has_modrm[256 / 64] = {
                /*      0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 a b c d e f         */
                /*      -------------------------------         */
                W(0x00, 1,1,1,1,0,0,0,0,1,1,1,1,0,0,0,0)| /* 00 */
                W(0x10, 1,1,1,1,0,0,0,0,1,1,1,1,0,0,0,0)| /* 10 */
                W(0x20, 1,1,1,1,0,0,0,0,1,1,1,1,0,0,0,0)| /* 20 */
                W(0x30, 1,1,1,1,0,0,0,0,1,1,1,1,0,0,0,0), /* 30 */
                W(0x40, 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0)| /* 40 */
                W(0x50, 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0)| /* 50 */
                W(0x60, 0,0,1,1,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,1,0,0,0,0)| /* 60 */
                W(0x70, 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0), /* 70 */
                W(0x80, 1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1)| /* 80 */
                W(0x90, 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0)| /* 90 */
                W(0xa0, 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0)| /* a0 */
                W(0xb0, 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0), /* b0 */
                W(0xc0, 1,1,0,0,1,1,1,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0)| /* c0 */
                W(0xd0, 1,1,1,1,0,0,0,0,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1)| /* d0 */
                W(0xe0, 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0)| /* e0 */
                W(0xf0, 0,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,1)  /* f0 */
                /*      -------------------------------         */
                /*      0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 a b c d e f         */
        };
        static const u64 twobyte_has_modrm[256 / 64] = {
                /*      0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 a b c d e f         */
                /*      -------------------------------         */
                W(0x00, 1,1,1,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,1)| /* 0f */
                W(0x10, 1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0)| /* 1f */
                W(0x20, 1,1,1,1,1,0,1,0,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1)| /* 2f */
                W(0x30, 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0), /* 3f */
                W(0x40, 1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1)| /* 4f */
                W(0x50, 1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1)| /* 5f */
                W(0x60, 1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1)| /* 6f */
                W(0x70, 1,1,1,1,1,1,1,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,1,1), /* 7f */
                W(0x80, 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0)| /* 8f */
                W(0x90, 1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1)| /* 9f */
                W(0xa0, 0,0,0,1,1,1,1,1,0,0,0,1,1,1,1,1)| /* af */
                W(0xb0, 1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,0,0,1,1,1,1,1,1), /* bf */
                W(0xc0, 1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0)| /* cf */
                W(0xd0, 1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1)| /* df */
                W(0xe0, 1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1)| /* ef */
                W(0xf0, 1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,0)  /* ff */
                /*      -------------------------------         */
                /*      0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 a b c d e f         */
        };
#undef  W
        int need_modrm;

        /* Skip legacy instruction prefixes.  */
        while (1) {
                switch (*insn) {
                case 0x66:
                case 0x67:
                case 0x2e:
                case 0x3e:
                case 0x26:
                case 0x64:
                case 0x65:
                case 0x36:
                case 0xf0:
                case 0xf3:
                case 0xf2:
                        ++insn;
                        continue;
                }
                break;
        }

        /* Skip REX instruction prefix.  */
        if ((*insn & 0xf0) == 0x40)
                ++insn;

        if (*insn == 0x0f) {    /* Two-byte opcode.  */
                ++insn;
                need_modrm = test_bit(*insn, twobyte_has_modrm);
        } else {                /* One-byte opcode.  */
                need_modrm = test_bit(*insn, onebyte_has_modrm);
        }

        if (need_modrm) {
                u8 modrm = *++insn;
                if ((modrm & 0xc7) == 0x05) { /* %rip+disp32 addressing mode */
                        /* Displacement follows ModRM byte.  */
                        return (s32 *) ++insn;
                }
        }

        /* No %rip-relative addressing mode here.  */
        return NULL;
}

static void __kprobes arch_copy_kprobe(struct kprobe *p)
{
        s32 *ripdisp;
        memcpy(p->ainsn.insn, p->addr, MAX_INSN_SIZE);
        ripdisp = is_riprel(p->ainsn.insn);
        if (ripdisp) {
                /*
                 * The copied instruction uses the %rip-relative
                 * addressing mode.  Adjust the displacement for the
                 * difference between the original location of this
                 * instruction and the location of the copy that will
                 * actually be run.  The tricky bit here is making sure
                 * that the sign extension happens correctly in this
                 * calculation, since we need a signed 32-bit result to
                 * be sign-extended to 64 bits when it's added to the
                 * %rip value and yield the same 64-bit result that the
                 * sign-extension of the original signed 32-bit
                 * displacement would have given.
                 */
                s64 disp = (u8 *) p->addr + *ripdisp - (u8 *) p->ainsn.insn;
                BUG_ON((s64) (s32) disp != disp); /* Sanity check.  */
                *ripdisp = disp;
        }
        p->opcode = *p->addr;
}

void __kprobes arch_arm_kprobe(struct kprobe *p)
{
        text_poke(p->addr, ((unsigned char []){BREAKPOINT_INSTRUCTION}), 1);
}

void __kprobes arch_disarm_kprobe(struct kprobe *p)
{
        text_poke(p->addr, &p->opcode, 1);
}

void __kprobes arch_remove_kprobe(struct kprobe *p)
{
        mutex_lock(&kprobe_mutex);
        free_insn_slot(p->ainsn.insn, 0);
        mutex_unlock(&kprobe_mutex);
}

static void __kprobes save_previous_kprobe(struct kprobe_ctlblk *kcb)
{
        kcb->prev_kprobe.kp = kprobe_running();
        kcb->prev_kprobe.status = kcb->kprobe_status;
        kcb->prev_kprobe.old_rflags = kcb->kprobe_old_rflags;
        kcb->prev_kprobe.saved_rflags = kcb->kprobe_saved_rflags;
}

static void __kprobes restore_previous_kprobe(struct kprobe_ctlblk *kcb)
{
        __get_cpu_var(current_kprobe) = kcb->prev_kprobe.kp;
        kcb->kprobe_status = kcb->prev_kprobe.status;
        kcb->kprobe_old_rflags = kcb->prev_kprobe.old_rflags;
        kcb->kprobe_saved_rflags = kcb->prev_kprobe.saved_rflags;
}

static void __kprobes set_current_kprobe(struct kprobe *p, struct pt_regs *regs,
                                struct kprobe_ctlblk *kcb)
{
        __get_cpu_var(current_kprobe) = p;
        kcb->kprobe_saved_rflags = kcb->kprobe_old_rflags
                = (regs->eflags & (TF_MASK | IF_MASK));
        if (is_IF_modifier(p->ainsn.insn))
                kcb->kprobe_saved_rflags &= ~IF_MASK;
}

static void __kprobes prepare_singlestep(struct kprobe *p, struct pt_regs *regs)
{
        regs->eflags |= TF_MASK;
        regs->eflags &= ~IF_MASK;
        /*single step inline if the instruction is an int3*/
        if (p->opcode == BREAKPOINT_INSTRUCTION)
                regs->rip = (unsigned long)p->addr;
        else
                regs->rip = (unsigned long)p->ainsn.insn;
}

/* Called with kretprobe_lock held */
void __kprobes arch_prepare_kretprobe(struct kretprobe_instance *ri,
                                      struct pt_regs *regs)
{
        unsigned long *sara = (unsigned long *)regs->rsp;

        ri->ret_addr = (kprobe_opcode_t *) *sara;
        /* Replace the return addr with trampoline addr */
        *sara = (unsigned long) &kretprobe_trampoline;
}

int __kprobes kprobe_handler(struct pt_regs *regs)
{
        struct kprobe *p;
        int ret = 0;
        kprobe_opcode_t *addr = (kprobe_opcode_t *)(regs->rip - sizeof(kprobe_opcode_t));
        struct kprobe_ctlblk *kcb;

        /*
         * We don't want to be preempted for the entire
         * duration of kprobe processing
         */
        preempt_disable();
        kcb = get_kprobe_ctlblk();

        /* Check we're not actually recursing */
        if (kprobe_running()) {
                p = get_kprobe(addr);
                if (p) {
                        if (kcb->kprobe_status == KPROBE_HIT_SS &&
                                *p->ainsn.insn == BREAKPOINT_INSTRUCTION) {
                                regs->eflags &= ~TF_MASK;
                                regs->eflags |= kcb->kprobe_saved_rflags;
                                goto no_kprobe;
                        } else if (kcb->kprobe_status == KPROBE_HIT_SSDONE) {
                                /* TODO: Provide re-entrancy from
                                 * post_kprobes_handler() and avoid exception
                                 * stack corruption while single-stepping on
                                 * the instruction of the new probe.
                                 */
                                arch_disarm_kprobe(p);
                                regs->rip = (unsigned long)p->addr;
                                reset_current_kprobe();
                                ret = 1;
                        } else {
                                /* We have reentered the kprobe_handler(), since
                                 * another probe was hit while within the
                                 * handler. We here save the original kprobe
                                 * variables and just single step on instruction
                                 * of the new probe without calling any user
                                 * handlers.
                                 */
                                save_previous_kprobe(kcb);
                                set_current_kprobe(p, regs, kcb);
                                kprobes_inc_nmissed_count(p);
                                prepare_singlestep(p, regs);
                                kcb->kprobe_status = KPROBE_REENTER;
                                return 1;
                        }
                } else {
                        if (*addr != BREAKPOINT_INSTRUCTION) {
                        /* The breakpoint instruction was removed by
                         * another cpu right after we hit, no further
                         * handling of this interrupt is appropriate
                         */
                                regs->rip = (unsigned long)addr;
                                ret = 1;
                                goto no_kprobe;
                        }
                        p = __get_cpu_var(current_kprobe);
                        if (p->break_handler && p->break_handler(p, regs)) {
                                goto ss_probe;
                        }
                }
                goto no_kprobe;
        }

        p = get_kprobe(addr);
        if (!p) {
                if (*addr != BREAKPOINT_INSTRUCTION) {
                        /*
                         * The breakpoint instruction was removed right
                         * after we hit it.  Another cpu has removed
                         * either a probepoint or a debugger breakpoint
                         * at this address.  In either case, no further
                         * handling of this interrupt is appropriate.
                         * Back up over the (now missing) int3 and run
                         * the original instruction.
                         */
                        regs->rip = (unsigned long)addr;
                        ret = 1;
                }
                /* Not one of ours: let kernel handle it */
                goto no_kprobe;
        }

        set_current_kprobe(p, regs, kcb);
        kcb->kprobe_status = KPROBE_HIT_ACTIVE;

        if (p->pre_handler && p->pre_handler(p, regs))
                /* handler has already set things up, so skip ss setup */
                return 1;

ss_probe:
        prepare_singlestep(p, regs);
        kcb->kprobe_status = KPROBE_HIT_SS;
        return 1;

no_kprobe:
        preempt_enable_no_resched();
        return ret;
}

/*
 * For function-return probes, init_kprobes() establishes a probepoint
 * here. When a retprobed function returns, this probe is hit and
 * trampoline_probe_handler() runs, calling the kretprobe's handler.
 */
 void kretprobe_trampoline_holder(void)
 {
        asm volatile (  ".global kretprobe_trampoline\n"
                        "kretprobe_trampoline: \n"
                        "nop\n");
 }

/*
 * Called when we hit the probe point at kretprobe_trampoline
 */
int __kprobes trampoline_probe_handler(struct kprobe *p, struct pt_regs *regs)
{
        struct kretprobe_instance *ri = NULL;
        struct hlist_head *head, empty_rp;
        struct hlist_node *node, *tmp;
        unsigned long flags, orig_ret_address = 0;
        unsigned long trampoline_address =(unsigned long)&kretprobe_trampoline;

        INIT_HLIST_HEAD(&empty_rp);
        spin_lock_irqsave(&kretprobe_lock, flags);
        head = kretprobe_inst_table_head(current);

        /*
         * It is possible to have multiple instances associated with a given
         * task either because an multiple functions in the call path
         * have a return probe installed on them, and/or more then one return
         * return probe was registered for a target function.
         *
         * We can handle this because:
         *     - instances are always inserted at the head of the list
         *     - when multiple return probes are registered for the same
         *       function, the first instance's ret_addr will point to the
         *       real return address, and all the rest will point to
         *       kretprobe_trampoline
         */
        hlist_for_each_entry_safe(ri, node, tmp, head, hlist) {
                if (ri->task != current)
                        /* another task is sharing our hash bucket */
                        continue;

                if (ri->rp && ri->rp->handler)
                        ri->rp->handler(ri, regs);

                orig_ret_address = (unsigned long)ri->ret_addr;
                recycle_rp_inst(ri, &empty_rp);

                if (orig_ret_address != trampoline_address)
                        /*
                         * This is the real return address. Any other
                         * instances associated with this task are for
                         * other calls deeper on the call stack
                         */
                        break;
        }

        kretprobe_assert(ri, orig_ret_address, trampoline_address);
        regs->rip = orig_ret_address;

        reset_current_kprobe();
        spin_unlock_irqrestore(&kretprobe_lock, flags);
        preempt_enable_no_resched();

        hlist_for_each_entry_safe(ri, node, tmp, &empty_rp, hlist) {
                hlist_del(&ri->hlist);
                kfree(ri);
        }
        /*
         * By returning a non-zero value, we are telling
         * kprobe_handler() that we don't want the post_handler
         * to run (and have re-enabled preemption)
         */
        return 1;
}

/*
 * Called after single-stepping.  p->addr is the address of the
 * instruction whose first byte has been replaced by the "int 3"
 * instruction.  To avoid the SMP problems that can occur when we
 * temporarily put back the original opcode to single-step, we
 * single-stepped a copy of the instruction.  The address of this
 * copy is p->ainsn.insn.
 *
 * This function prepares to return from the post-single-step
 * interrupt.  We have to fix up the stack as follows:
 *
 * 0) Except in the case of absolute or indirect jump or call instructions,
 * the new rip is relative to the copied instruction.  We need to make
 * it relative to the original instruction.
 *
 * 1) If the single-stepped instruction was pushfl, then the TF and IF
 * flags are set in the just-pushed eflags, and may need to be cleared.
 *
 * 2) If the single-stepped instruction was a call, the return address
 * that is atop the stack is the address following the copied instruction.
 * We need to make it the address following the original instruction.
 */
static void __kprobes resume_execution(struct kprobe *p,
                struct pt_regs *regs, struct kprobe_ctlblk *kcb)
{
        unsigned long *tos = (unsigned long *)regs->rsp;
        unsigned long copy_rip = (unsigned long)p->ainsn.insn;
        unsigned long orig_rip = (unsigned long)p->addr;
        kprobe_opcode_t *insn = p->ainsn.insn;

        /*skip the REX prefix*/
        if (*insn >= 0x40 && *insn <= 0x4f)
                insn++;

        regs->eflags &= ~TF_MASK;
        switch (*insn) {
        case 0x9c:      /* pushfl */
                *tos &= ~(TF_MASK | IF_MASK);
                *tos |= kcb->kprobe_old_rflags;
                break;
        case 0xc2:      /* iret/ret/lret */
        case 0xc3:
        case 0xca:
        case 0xcb:
        case 0xcf:
        case 0xea:      /* jmp absolute -- ip is correct */
                /* ip is already adjusted, no more changes required */
                goto no_change;
        case 0xe8:      /* call relative - Fix return addr */
                *tos = orig_rip + (*tos - copy_rip);
                break;
        case 0xff:
                if ((insn[1] & 0x30) == 0x10) {
                        /* call absolute, indirect */
                        /* Fix return addr; ip is correct. */
                        *tos = orig_rip + (*tos - copy_rip);
                        goto no_change;
                } else if (((insn[1] & 0x31) == 0x20) ||        /* jmp near, absolute indirect */
                           ((insn[1] & 0x31) == 0x21)) {        /* jmp far, absolute indirect */
                        /* ip is correct. */
                        goto no_change;
                }
        default:
                break;
        }

        regs->rip = orig_rip + (regs->rip - copy_rip);
no_change:

        return;
}

int __kprobes post_kprobe_handler(struct pt_regs *regs)
{
        struct kprobe *cur = kprobe_running();
        struct kprobe_ctlblk *kcb = get_kprobe_ctlblk();

        if (!cur)
                return 0;

        if ((kcb->kprobe_status != KPROBE_REENTER) && cur->post_handler) {
                kcb->kprobe_status = KPROBE_HIT_SSDONE;
                cur->post_handler(cur, regs, 0);
        }

        resume_execution(cur, regs, kcb);
        regs->eflags |= kcb->kprobe_saved_rflags;
        trace_hardirqs_fixup_flags(regs->eflags);

        /* Restore the original saved kprobes variables and continue. */
        if (kcb->kprobe_status == KPROBE_REENTER) {
                restore_previous_kprobe(kcb);
                goto out;
        }
        reset_current_kprobe();
out:
        preempt_enable_no_resched();

        /*
         * if somebody else is singlestepping across a probe point, eflags
         * will have TF set, in which case, continue the remaining processing
         * of do_debug, as if this is not a probe hit.
         */
        if (regs->eflags & TF_MASK)
                return 0;

        return 1;
}

int __kprobes kprobe_fault_handler(struct pt_regs *regs, int trapnr)
{
        struct kprobe *cur = kprobe_running();
        struct kprobe_ctlblk *kcb = get_kprobe_ctlblk();
        const struct exception_table_entry *fixup;

        switch(kcb->kprobe_status) {
        case KPROBE_HIT_SS:
        case KPROBE_REENTER:
                /*
                 * We are here because the instruction being single
                 * stepped caused a page fault. We reset the current
                 * kprobe and the rip points back to the probe address
                 * and allow the page fault handler to continue as a
                 * normal page fault.
                 */
                regs->rip = (unsigned long)cur->addr;
                regs->eflags |= kcb->kprobe_old_rflags;
                if (kcb->kprobe_status == KPROBE_REENTER)
                        restore_previous_kprobe(kcb);
                else
                        reset_current_kprobe();
                preempt_enable_no_resched();
                break;
        case KPROBE_HIT_ACTIVE:
        case KPROBE_HIT_SSDONE:
                /*
                 * We increment the nmissed count for accounting,
                 * we can also use npre/npostfault count for accouting
                 * these specific fault cases.
                 */
                kprobes_inc_nmissed_count(cur);

                /*
                 * We come here because instructions in the pre/post
                 * handler caused the page_fault, this could happen
                 * if handler tries to access user space by
                 * copy_from_user(), get_user() etc. Let the
                 * user-specified handler try to fix it first.
                 */
                if (cur->fault_handler && cur->fault_handler(cur, regs, trapnr))
                        return 1;

                /*
                 * In case the user-specified fault handler returned
                 * zero, try to fix up.
                 */
                fixup = search_exception_tables(regs->rip);
                if (fixup) {
                        regs->rip = fixup->fixup;
                        return 1;
                }

                /*
                 * fixup() could not handle it,
                 * Let do_page_fault() fix it.
                 */
                break;
        default:
                break;
        }
        return 0;
}

/*
 * Wrapper routine for handling exceptions.
 */
int __kprobes kprobe_exceptions_notify(struct notifier_block *self,
                                       unsigned long val, void *data)
{
        struct die_args *args = (struct die_args *)data;
        int ret = NOTIFY_DONE;

        if (args->regs && user_mode(args->regs))
                return ret;

        switch (val) {
        case DIE_INT3:
                if (kprobe_handler(args->regs))
                        ret = NOTIFY_STOP;
                break;
        case DIE_DEBUG:
                if (post_kprobe_handler(args->regs))
                        ret = NOTIFY_STOP;
                break;
        case DIE_GPF:
                /* kprobe_running() needs smp_processor_id() */
                preempt_disable();
                if (kprobe_running() &&
                    kprobe_fault_handler(args->regs, args->trapnr))
                        ret = NOTIFY_STOP;
                preempt_enable();
                break;
        default:
                break;
        }
        return ret;
}

int __kprobes setjmp_pre_handler(struct kprobe *p, struct pt_regs *regs)
{
        struct jprobe *jp = container_of(p, struct jprobe, kp);
        unsigned long addr;
        struct kprobe_ctlblk *kcb = get_kprobe_ctlblk();

        kcb->jprobe_saved_regs = *regs;
        kcb->jprobe_saved_rsp = (long *) regs->rsp;
        addr = (unsigned long)(kcb->jprobe_saved_rsp);
        /*
         * As Linus pointed out, gcc assumes that the callee
         * owns the argument space and could overwrite it, e.g.
         * tailcall optimization. So, to be absolutely safe
         * we also save and restore enough stack bytes to cover
         * the argument area.
         */
        memcpy(kcb->jprobes_stack, (kprobe_opcode_t *)addr,
                        MIN_STACK_SIZE(addr));
        regs->eflags &= ~IF_MASK;
        trace_hardirqs_off();
        regs->rip = (unsigned long)(jp->entry);
        return 1;
}

void __kprobes jprobe_return(void)
{
        struct kprobe_ctlblk *kcb = get_kprobe_ctlblk();

        asm volatile ("       xchg   %%rbx,%%rsp     \n"
                      "       int3                      \n"
                      "       .globl jprobe_return_end  \n"
                      "       jprobe_return_end:        \n"
                      "       nop                       \n"::"b"
                      (kcb->jprobe_saved_rsp):"memory");
}

int __kprobes longjmp_break_handler(struct kprobe *p, struct pt_regs *regs)
{
        struct kprobe_ctlblk *kcb = get_kprobe_ctlblk();
        u8 *addr = (u8 *) (regs->rip - 1);
        unsigned long stack_addr = (unsigned long)(kcb->jprobe_saved_rsp);
        struct jprobe *jp = container_of(p, struct jprobe, kp);

        if ((addr > (u8 *) jprobe_return) && (addr < (u8 *) jprobe_return_end)) {
                if ((unsigned long *)regs->rsp != kcb->jprobe_saved_rsp) {
                        struct pt_regs *saved_regs = &kcb->jprobe_saved_regs;
                        printk("current rsp %p does not match saved rsp %p\n",
                               (long *)regs->rsp, kcb->jprobe_saved_rsp);
                        printk("Saved registers for jprobe %p\n", jp);
                        show_registers(saved_regs);
                        printk("Current registers\n");
                        show_registers(regs);
                        BUG();
                }
                *regs = kcb->jprobe_saved_regs;
                memcpy((kprobe_opcode_t *) stack_addr, kcb->jprobes_stack,
                       MIN_STACK_SIZE(stack_addr));
                preempt_enable_no_resched();
                return 1;
        }
        return 0;
}

static struct kprobe trampoline_p = {
        .addr = (kprobe_opcode_t *) &kretprobe_trampoline,
        .pre_handler = trampoline_probe_handler
};

int __init arch_init_kprobes(void)
{
        return register_kprobe(&trampoline_p);
}

int __kprobes arch_trampoline_kprobe(struct kprobe *p)
{
        if (p->addr == (kprobe_opcode_t *)&kretprobe_trampoline)
                return 1;

        return 0;
}