1 config SELECT_MEMORY_MODEL
3 depends on EXPERIMENTAL || ARCH_SELECT_MEMORY_MODEL
7 depends on SELECT_MEMORY_MODEL
8 default DISCONTIGMEM_MANUAL if ARCH_DISCONTIGMEM_DEFAULT
9 default SPARSEMEM_MANUAL if ARCH_SPARSEMEM_DEFAULT
10 default FLATMEM_MANUAL
14 depends on !(ARCH_DISCONTIGMEM_ENABLE || ARCH_SPARSEMEM_ENABLE) || ARCH_FLATMEM_ENABLE
16 This option allows you to change some of the ways that
17 Linux manages its memory internally. Most users will
18 only have one option here: FLATMEM. This is normal
21 Some users of more advanced features like NUMA and
22 memory hotplug may have different options here.
23 DISCONTIGMEM is an more mature, better tested system,
24 but is incompatible with memory hotplug and may suffer
25 decreased performance over SPARSEMEM. If unsure between
26 "Sparse Memory" and "Discontiguous Memory", choose
27 "Discontiguous Memory".
29 If unsure, choose this option (Flat Memory) over any other.
31 config DISCONTIGMEM_MANUAL
32 bool "Discontiguous Memory"
33 depends on ARCH_DISCONTIGMEM_ENABLE
35 This option provides enhanced support for discontiguous
36 memory systems, over FLATMEM. These systems have holes
37 in their physical address spaces, and this option provides
38 more efficient handling of these holes. However, the vast
39 majority of hardware has quite flat address spaces, and
40 can have degraded performance from the extra overhead that
43 Many NUMA configurations will have this as the only option.
45 If unsure, choose "Flat Memory" over this option.
47 config SPARSEMEM_MANUAL
49 depends on ARCH_SPARSEMEM_ENABLE
51 This will be the only option for some systems, including
52 memory hotplug systems. This is normal.
54 For many other systems, this will be an alternative to
55 "Discontiguous Memory". This option provides some potential
56 performance benefits, along with decreased code complexity,
57 but it is newer, and more experimental.
59 If unsure, choose "Discontiguous Memory" or "Flat Memory"
66 depends on (!SELECT_MEMORY_MODEL && ARCH_DISCONTIGMEM_ENABLE) || DISCONTIGMEM_MANUAL
70 depends on (!SELECT_MEMORY_MODEL && ARCH_SPARSEMEM_ENABLE) || SPARSEMEM_MANUAL
74 depends on (!DISCONTIGMEM && !SPARSEMEM) || FLATMEM_MANUAL
76 config FLAT_NODE_MEM_MAP
81 # Both the NUMA code and DISCONTIGMEM use arrays of pg_data_t's
82 # to represent different areas of memory. This variable allows
83 # those dependencies to exist individually.
85 config NEED_MULTIPLE_NODES
87 depends on DISCONTIGMEM || NUMA
89 config HAVE_MEMORY_PRESENT
91 depends on ARCH_HAVE_MEMORY_PRESENT || SPARSEMEM
94 # SPARSEMEM_EXTREME (which is the default) does some bootmem
95 # allocations when memory_present() is called. If this cannot
96 # be done on your architecture, select this option. However,
97 # statically allocating the mem_section[] array can potentially
98 # consume vast quantities of .bss, so be careful.
100 # This option will also potentially produce smaller runtime code
101 # with gcc 3.4 and later.
103 config SPARSEMEM_STATIC
107 # Architecture platforms which require a two level mem_section in SPARSEMEM
108 # must select this option. This is usually for architecture platforms with
109 # an extremely sparse physical address space.
111 config SPARSEMEM_EXTREME
113 depends on SPARSEMEM && !SPARSEMEM_STATIC
115 config SPARSEMEM_VMEMMAP_ENABLE
118 config SPARSEMEM_ALLOC_MEM_MAP_TOGETHER
120 depends on SPARSEMEM && X86_64
122 config SPARSEMEM_VMEMMAP
123 bool "Sparse Memory virtual memmap"
124 depends on SPARSEMEM && SPARSEMEM_VMEMMAP_ENABLE
127 SPARSEMEM_VMEMMAP uses a virtually mapped memmap to optimise
128 pfn_to_page and page_to_pfn operations. This is the most
129 efficient option when sufficient kernel resources are available.
134 config HAVE_MEMBLOCK_NODE_MAP
137 config ARCH_DISCARD_MEMBLOCK
143 config MEMORY_ISOLATION
146 # eventually, we can have this option just 'select SPARSEMEM'
147 config MEMORY_HOTPLUG
148 bool "Allow for memory hot-add"
149 select MEMORY_ISOLATION
150 depends on SPARSEMEM || X86_64_ACPI_NUMA
151 depends on HOTPLUG && ARCH_ENABLE_MEMORY_HOTPLUG
152 depends on (IA64 || X86 || PPC_BOOK3S_64 || SUPERH || S390)
154 config MEMORY_HOTPLUG_SPARSE
156 depends on SPARSEMEM && MEMORY_HOTPLUG
158 config MEMORY_HOTREMOVE
159 bool "Allow for memory hot remove"
160 depends on MEMORY_HOTPLUG && ARCH_ENABLE_MEMORY_HOTREMOVE
164 # If we have space for more page flags then we can enable additional
165 # optimizations and functionality.
167 # Regular Sparsemem takes page flag bits for the sectionid if it does not
168 # use a virtual memmap. Disable extended page flags for 32 bit platforms
169 # that require the use of a sectionid in the page flags.
171 config PAGEFLAGS_EXTENDED
173 depends on 64BIT || SPARSEMEM_VMEMMAP || !SPARSEMEM
175 # Heavily threaded applications may benefit from splitting the mm-wide
176 # page_table_lock, so that faults on different parts of the user address
177 # space can be handled with less contention: split it at this NR_CPUS.
178 # Default to 4 for wider testing, though 8 might be more appropriate.
179 # ARM's adjust_pte (unused if VIPT) depends on mm-wide page_table_lock.
180 # PA-RISC 7xxx's spinlock_t would enlarge struct page from 32 to 44 bytes.
181 # DEBUG_SPINLOCK and DEBUG_LOCK_ALLOC spinlock_t also enlarge struct page.
183 config SPLIT_PTLOCK_CPUS
185 default "999999" if ARM && !CPU_CACHE_VIPT
186 default "999999" if PARISC && !PA20
187 default "999999" if DEBUG_SPINLOCK || DEBUG_LOCK_ALLOC
191 # support for memory compaction
193 bool "Allow for memory compaction"
198 Allows the compaction of memory for the allocation of huge pages.
201 # support for page migration
204 bool "Page migration"
206 depends on NUMA || ARCH_ENABLE_MEMORY_HOTREMOVE || COMPACTION || CMA
208 Allows the migration of the physical location of pages of processes
209 while the virtual addresses are not changed. This is useful in
210 two situations. The first is on NUMA systems to put pages nearer
211 to the processors accessing. The second is when allocating huge
212 pages as migration can relocate pages to satisfy a huge page
213 allocation instead of reclaiming.
215 config PHYS_ADDR_T_64BIT
216 def_bool 64BIT || ARCH_PHYS_ADDR_T_64BIT
220 default "0" if !ZONE_DMA
225 depends on BLOCK && MMU && (ZONE_DMA || HIGHMEM)
235 depends on !ARCH_NO_VIRT_TO_BUS
241 bool "Enable KSM for page merging"
244 Enable Kernel Samepage Merging: KSM periodically scans those areas
245 of an application's address space that an app has advised may be
246 mergeable. When it finds pages of identical content, it replaces
247 the many instances by a single page with that content, so
248 saving memory until one or another app needs to modify the content.
249 Recommended for use with KVM, or with other duplicative applications.
250 See Documentation/vm/ksm.txt for more information: KSM is inactive
251 until a program has madvised that an area is MADV_MERGEABLE, and
252 root has set /sys/kernel/mm/ksm/run to 1 (if CONFIG_SYSFS is set).
254 config DEFAULT_MMAP_MIN_ADDR
255 int "Low address space to protect from user allocation"
259 This is the portion of low virtual memory which should be protected
260 from userspace allocation. Keeping a user from writing to low pages
261 can help reduce the impact of kernel NULL pointer bugs.
263 For most ia64, ppc64 and x86 users with lots of address space
264 a value of 65536 is reasonable and should cause no problems.
265 On arm and other archs it should not be higher than 32768.
266 Programs which use vm86 functionality or have some need to map
267 this low address space will need CAP_SYS_RAWIO or disable this
268 protection by setting the value to 0.
270 This value can be changed after boot using the
271 /proc/sys/vm/mmap_min_addr tunable.
273 config ARCH_SUPPORTS_MEMORY_FAILURE
276 config MEMORY_FAILURE
278 depends on ARCH_SUPPORTS_MEMORY_FAILURE
279 bool "Enable recovery from hardware memory errors"
280 select MEMORY_ISOLATION
282 Enables code to recover from some memory failures on systems
283 with MCA recovery. This allows a system to continue running
284 even when some of its memory has uncorrected errors. This requires
285 special hardware support and typically ECC memory.
287 config HWPOISON_INJECT
288 tristate "HWPoison pages injector"
289 depends on MEMORY_FAILURE && DEBUG_KERNEL && PROC_FS
290 select PROC_PAGE_MONITOR
292 config NOMMU_INITIAL_TRIM_EXCESS
293 int "Turn on mmap() excess space trimming before booting"
297 The NOMMU mmap() frequently needs to allocate large contiguous chunks
298 of memory on which to store mappings, but it can only ask the system
299 allocator for chunks in 2^N*PAGE_SIZE amounts - which is frequently
300 more than it requires. To deal with this, mmap() is able to trim off
301 the excess and return it to the allocator.
303 If trimming is enabled, the excess is trimmed off and returned to the
304 system allocator, which can cause extra fragmentation, particularly
305 if there are a lot of transient processes.
307 If trimming is disabled, the excess is kept, but not used, which for
308 long-term mappings means that the space is wasted.
310 Trimming can be dynamically controlled through a sysctl option
311 (/proc/sys/vm/nr_trim_pages) which specifies the minimum number of
312 excess pages there must be before trimming should occur, or zero if
313 no trimming is to occur.
315 This option specifies the initial value of this option. The default
316 of 1 says that all excess pages should be trimmed.
318 See Documentation/nommu-mmap.txt for more information.
320 config TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE
321 bool "Transparent Hugepage Support"
322 depends on HAVE_ARCH_TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE
325 Transparent Hugepages allows the kernel to use huge pages and
326 huge tlb transparently to the applications whenever possible.
327 This feature can improve computing performance to certain
328 applications by speeding up page faults during memory
329 allocation, by reducing the number of tlb misses and by speeding
330 up the pagetable walking.
332 If memory constrained on embedded, you may want to say N.
335 prompt "Transparent Hugepage Support sysfs defaults"
336 depends on TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE
337 default TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_ALWAYS
339 Selects the sysfs defaults for Transparent Hugepage Support.
341 config TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_ALWAYS
344 Enabling Transparent Hugepage always, can increase the
345 memory footprint of applications without a guaranteed
346 benefit but it will work automatically for all applications.
348 config TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_MADVISE
351 Enabling Transparent Hugepage madvise, will only provide a
352 performance improvement benefit to the applications using
353 madvise(MADV_HUGEPAGE) but it won't risk to increase the
354 memory footprint of applications without a guaranteed
358 config CROSS_MEMORY_ATTACH
359 bool "Cross Memory Support"
363 Enabling this option adds the system calls process_vm_readv and
364 process_vm_writev which allow a process with the correct privileges
365 to directly read from or write to to another process's address space.
366 See the man page for more details.
369 # UP and nommu archs use km based percpu allocator
371 config NEED_PER_CPU_KM
377 bool "Enable cleancache driver to cache clean pages if tmem is present"
380 Cleancache can be thought of as a page-granularity victim cache
381 for clean pages that the kernel's pageframe replacement algorithm
382 (PFRA) would like to keep around, but can't since there isn't enough
383 memory. So when the PFRA "evicts" a page, it first attempts to use
384 cleancache code to put the data contained in that page into
385 "transcendent memory", memory that is not directly accessible or
386 addressable by the kernel and is of unknown and possibly
387 time-varying size. And when a cleancache-enabled
388 filesystem wishes to access a page in a file on disk, it first
389 checks cleancache to see if it already contains it; if it does,
390 the page is copied into the kernel and a disk access is avoided.
391 When a transcendent memory driver is available (such as zcache or
392 Xen transcendent memory), a significant I/O reduction
393 may be achieved. When none is available, all cleancache calls
394 are reduced to a single pointer-compare-against-NULL resulting
395 in a negligible performance hit.
397 If unsure, say Y to enable cleancache
400 bool "Enable frontswap to cache swap pages if tmem is present"
404 Frontswap is so named because it can be thought of as the opposite
405 of a "backing" store for a swap device. The data is stored into
406 "transcendent memory", memory that is not directly accessible or
407 addressable by the kernel and is of unknown and possibly
408 time-varying size. When space in transcendent memory is available,
409 a significant swap I/O reduction may be achieved. When none is
410 available, all frontswap calls are reduced to a single pointer-
411 compare-against-NULL resulting in a negligible performance hit
412 and swap data is stored as normal on the matching swap device.
414 If unsure, say Y to enable frontswap.