5 This document describes how to use the dynamic debug (ddebug) feature.
7 Dynamic debug is designed to allow you to dynamically enable/disable kernel
8 code to obtain additional kernel information. Currently, if
9 CONFIG_DYNAMIC_DEBUG is set, then all pr_debug()/dev_dbg() calls can be
10 dynamically enabled per-callsite.
12 Dynamic debug has even more useful features:
14 * Simple query language allows turning on and off debugging statements by
15 matching any combination of 0 or 1 of:
19 - line number (including ranges of line numbers)
23 * Provides a debugfs control file: <debugfs>/dynamic_debug/control which can be
24 read to display the complete list of known debug statements, to help guide you
26 Controlling dynamic debug Behaviour
27 ===================================
29 The behaviour of pr_debug()/dev_dbg()s are controlled via writing to a
30 control file in the 'debugfs' filesystem. Thus, you must first mount the debugfs
31 filesystem, in order to make use of this feature. Subsequently, we refer to the
32 control file as: <debugfs>/dynamic_debug/control. For example, if you want to
33 enable printing from source file 'svcsock.c', line 1603 you simply do:
35 nullarbor:~ # echo 'file svcsock.c line 1603 +p' >
36 <debugfs>/dynamic_debug/control
38 If you make a mistake with the syntax, the write will fail thus:
40 nullarbor:~ # echo 'file svcsock.c wtf 1 +p' >
41 <debugfs>/dynamic_debug/control
42 -bash: echo: write error: Invalid argument
44 Viewing Dynamic Debug Behaviour
45 ===========================
47 You can view the currently configured behaviour of all the debug statements
50 nullarbor:~ # cat <debugfs>/dynamic_debug/control
51 # filename:lineno [module]function flags format
52 /usr/src/packages/BUILD/sgi-enhancednfs-1.4/default/net/sunrpc/svc_rdma.c:323 [svcxprt_rdma]svc_rdma_cleanup - "SVCRDMA Module Removed, deregister RPC RDMA transport\012"
53 /usr/src/packages/BUILD/sgi-enhancednfs-1.4/default/net/sunrpc/svc_rdma.c:341 [svcxprt_rdma]svc_rdma_init - "\011max_inline : %d\012"
54 /usr/src/packages/BUILD/sgi-enhancednfs-1.4/default/net/sunrpc/svc_rdma.c:340 [svcxprt_rdma]svc_rdma_init - "\011sq_depth : %d\012"
55 /usr/src/packages/BUILD/sgi-enhancednfs-1.4/default/net/sunrpc/svc_rdma.c:338 [svcxprt_rdma]svc_rdma_init - "\011max_requests : %d\012"
59 You can also apply standard Unix text manipulation filters to this
62 nullarbor:~ # grep -i rdma <debugfs>/dynamic_debug/control | wc -l
65 nullarbor:~ # grep -i tcp <debugfs>/dynamic_debug/control | wc -l
68 Note in particular that the third column shows the enabled behaviour
69 flags for each debug statement callsite (see below for definitions of the
70 flags). The default value, no extra behaviour enabled, is "-". So
71 you can view all the debug statement callsites with any non-default flags:
73 nullarbor:~ # awk '$3 != "-"' <debugfs>/dynamic_debug/control
74 # filename:lineno [module]function flags format
75 /usr/src/packages/BUILD/sgi-enhancednfs-1.4/default/net/sunrpc/svcsock.c:1603 [sunrpc]svc_send p "svc_process: st_sendto returned %d\012"
78 Command Language Reference
79 ==========================
81 At the lexical level, a command comprises a sequence of words separated
82 by spaces or tabs. So these are all equivalent:
84 nullarbor:~ # echo -c 'file svcsock.c line 1603 +p' >
85 <debugfs>/dynamic_debug/control
86 nullarbor:~ # echo -c ' file svcsock.c line 1603 +p ' >
87 <debugfs>/dynamic_debug/control
88 nullarbor:~ # echo -n 'file svcsock.c line 1603 +p' >
89 <debugfs>/dynamic_debug/control
91 Command submissions are bounded by a write() system call.
92 Multiple commands can be written together, separated by ';' or '\n'.
94 ~# echo "func pnpacpi_get_resources +p; func pnp_assign_mem +p" \
95 > <debugfs>/dynamic_debug/control
97 If your query set is big, you can batch them too:
99 ~# cat query-batch-file > <debugfs>/dynamic_debug/control
101 At the syntactical level, a command comprises a sequence of match
102 specifications, followed by a flags change specification.
104 command ::= match-spec* flags-spec
106 The match-spec's are used to choose a subset of the known dprintk()
107 callsites to which to apply the flags-spec. Think of them as a query
108 with implicit ANDs between each pair. Note that an empty list of
109 match-specs is possible, but is not very useful because it will not
110 match any debug statement callsites.
112 A match specification comprises a keyword, which controls the attribute
113 of the callsite to be compared, and a value to compare against. Possible
116 match-spec ::= 'func' string |
122 line-range ::= lineno |
126 // Note: line-range cannot contain space, e.g.
127 // "1-30" is valid range but "1 - 30" is not.
129 lineno ::= unsigned-int
131 The meanings of each keyword are:
134 The given string is compared against the function name
135 of each callsite. Example:
140 The given string is compared against either the full pathname, the
141 src-root relative pathname, or the basename of the source file of
142 each callsite. Examples:
145 file kernel/freezer.c
146 file /usr/src/packages/BUILD/sgi-enhancednfs-1.4/default/net/sunrpc/svcsock.c
149 The given string is compared against the module name
150 of each callsite. The module name is the string as
151 seen in "lsmod", i.e. without the directory or the .ko
152 suffix and with '-' changed to '_'. Examples:
158 The given string is searched for in the dynamic debug format
159 string. Note that the string does not need to match the
160 entire format, only some part. Whitespace and other
161 special characters can be escaped using C octal character
162 escape \ooo notation, e.g. the space character is \040.
163 Alternatively, the string can be enclosed in double quote
164 characters (") or single quote characters (').
167 format svcrdma: // many of the NFS/RDMA server dprintks
168 format readahead // some dprintks in the readahead cache
169 format nfsd:\040SETATTR // one way to match a format with whitespace
170 format "nfsd: SETATTR" // a neater way to match a format with whitespace
171 format 'nfsd: SETATTR' // yet another way to match a format with whitespace
174 The given line number or range of line numbers is compared
175 against the line number of each dprintk() callsite. A single
176 line number matches the callsite line number exactly. A
177 range of line numbers matches any callsite between the first
178 and last line number inclusive. An empty first number means
179 the first line in the file, an empty line number means the
180 last number in the file. Examples:
182 line 1603 // exactly line 1603
183 line 1600-1605 // the six lines from line 1600 to line 1605
184 line -1605 // the 1605 lines from line 1 to line 1605
185 line 1600- // all lines from line 1600 to the end of the file
187 The flags specification comprises a change operation followed
188 by one or more flag characters. The change operation is one
192 remove the given flags
198 set the flags to the given flags
203 Include the function name in the printed message
205 Include line number in the printed message
207 Include module name in the printed message
209 Causes a printk() message to be emitted to dmesg
211 Include thread ID in messages not generated from interrupt context
213 Note the regexp ^[-+=][flmpt]+$ matches a flags specification.
214 Note also that there is no convenient syntax to remove all
215 the flags at once, you need to use "-flmpt".
218 Debug messages during boot process
219 ==================================
221 To be able to activate debug messages during the boot process,
222 even before userspace and debugfs exists, use the boot parameter:
225 QUERY follows the syntax described above, but must not exceed 1023
226 characters. The enablement of debug messages is done as an arch_initcall.
227 Thus you can enable debug messages in all code processed after this
228 arch_initcall via this boot parameter.
229 On an x86 system for example ACPI enablement is a subsys_initcall and
230 ddebug_query="file ec.c +p"
231 will show early Embedded Controller transactions during ACPI setup if
232 your machine (typically a laptop) has an Embedded Controller.
233 PCI (or other devices) initialization also is a hot candidate for using
234 this boot parameter for debugging purposes.
240 // enable the message at line 1603 of file svcsock.c
241 nullarbor:~ # echo -n 'file svcsock.c line 1603 +p' >
242 <debugfs>/dynamic_debug/control
244 // enable all the messages in file svcsock.c
245 nullarbor:~ # echo -n 'file svcsock.c +p' >
246 <debugfs>/dynamic_debug/control
248 // enable all the messages in the NFS server module
249 nullarbor:~ # echo -n 'module nfsd +p' >
250 <debugfs>/dynamic_debug/control
252 // enable all 12 messages in the function svc_process()
253 nullarbor:~ # echo -n 'func svc_process +p' >
254 <debugfs>/dynamic_debug/control
256 // disable all 12 messages in the function svc_process()
257 nullarbor:~ # echo -n 'func svc_process -p' >
258 <debugfs>/dynamic_debug/control
260 // enable messages for NFS calls READ, READLINK, READDIR and READDIR+.
261 nullarbor:~ # echo -n 'format "nfsd: READ" +p' >
262 <debugfs>/dynamic_debug/control