2 * linux/arch/arm/kernel/traps.c
4 * Copyright (C) 1995-2009 Russell King
5 * Fragments that appear the same as linux/arch/i386/kernel/traps.c (C) Linus Torvalds
7 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
8 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as
9 * published by the Free Software Foundation.
11 * 'traps.c' handles hardware exceptions after we have saved some state in
12 * 'linux/arch/arm/lib/traps.S'. Mostly a debugging aid, but will probably
13 * kill the offending process.
15 #include <linux/signal.h>
16 #include <linux/personality.h>
17 #include <linux/kallsyms.h>
18 #include <linux/spinlock.h>
19 #include <linux/uaccess.h>
20 #include <linux/hardirq.h>
21 #include <linux/kdebug.h>
22 #include <linux/module.h>
23 #include <linux/kexec.h>
24 #include <linux/bug.h>
25 #include <linux/delay.h>
26 #include <linux/init.h>
27 #include <linux/sched.h>
29 #include <linux/atomic.h>
30 #include <asm/cacheflush.h>
31 #include <asm/exception.h>
32 #include <asm/unistd.h>
33 #include <asm/traps.h>
34 #include <asm/unwind.h>
36 #include <asm/system_misc.h>
37 #include <asm/opcodes.h>
39 static const char *handler
[]= { "prefetch abort", "data abort", "address exception", "interrupt" };
43 #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_USER
44 unsigned int user_debug
;
46 static int __init
user_debug_setup(char *str
)
48 get_option(&str
, &user_debug
);
51 __setup("user_debug=", user_debug_setup
);
54 static void dump_mem(const char *, const char *, unsigned long, unsigned long);
56 void dump_backtrace_entry(unsigned long where
, unsigned long from
, unsigned long frame
)
58 #ifdef CONFIG_KALLSYMS
59 printk("[<%08lx>] (%pS) from [<%08lx>] (%pS)\n", where
, (void *)where
, from
, (void *)from
);
61 printk("Function entered at [<%08lx>] from [<%08lx>]\n", where
, from
);
64 if (in_exception_text(where
))
65 dump_mem("", "Exception stack", frame
+ 4, frame
+ 4 + sizeof(struct pt_regs
));
68 #ifndef CONFIG_ARM_UNWIND
70 * Stack pointers should always be within the kernels view of
71 * physical memory. If it is not there, then we can't dump
72 * out any information relating to the stack.
74 static int verify_stack(unsigned long sp
)
76 if (sp
< PAGE_OFFSET
||
77 (sp
> (unsigned long)high_memory
&& high_memory
!= NULL
))
85 * Dump out the contents of some memory nicely...
87 static void dump_mem(const char *lvl
, const char *str
, unsigned long bottom
,
95 * We need to switch to kernel mode so that we can use __get_user
96 * to safely read from kernel space. Note that we now dump the
97 * code first, just in case the backtrace kills us.
102 printk("%s%s(0x%08lx to 0x%08lx)\n", lvl
, str
, bottom
, top
);
104 for (first
= bottom
& ~31; first
< top
; first
+= 32) {
106 char str
[sizeof(" 12345678") * 8 + 1];
108 memset(str
, ' ', sizeof(str
));
109 str
[sizeof(str
) - 1] = '\0';
111 for (p
= first
, i
= 0; i
< 8 && p
< top
; i
++, p
+= 4) {
112 if (p
>= bottom
&& p
< top
) {
114 if (__get_user(val
, (unsigned long *)p
) == 0)
115 sprintf(str
+ i
* 9, " %08lx", val
);
117 sprintf(str
+ i
* 9, " ????????");
120 printk("%s%04lx:%s\n", lvl
, first
& 0xffff, str
);
126 static void dump_instr(const char *lvl
, struct pt_regs
*regs
)
128 unsigned long addr
= instruction_pointer(regs
);
129 const int thumb
= thumb_mode(regs
);
130 const int width
= thumb
? 4 : 8;
132 char str
[sizeof("00000000 ") * 5 + 2 + 1], *p
= str
;
136 * We need to switch to kernel mode so that we can use __get_user
137 * to safely read from kernel space. Note that we now dump the
138 * code first, just in case the backtrace kills us.
143 for (i
= -4; i
< 1 + !!thumb
; i
++) {
144 unsigned int val
, bad
;
147 bad
= __get_user(val
, &((u16
*)addr
)[i
]);
149 bad
= __get_user(val
, &((u32
*)addr
)[i
]);
152 p
+= sprintf(p
, i
== 0 ? "(%0*x) " : "%0*x ",
155 p
+= sprintf(p
, "bad PC value");
159 printk("%sCode: %s\n", lvl
, str
);
164 #ifdef CONFIG_ARM_UNWIND
165 static inline void dump_backtrace(struct pt_regs
*regs
, struct task_struct
*tsk
)
167 unwind_backtrace(regs
, tsk
);
170 static void dump_backtrace(struct pt_regs
*regs
, struct task_struct
*tsk
)
172 unsigned int fp
, mode
;
175 printk("Backtrace: ");
182 mode
= processor_mode(regs
);
183 } else if (tsk
!= current
) {
184 fp
= thread_saved_fp(tsk
);
187 asm("mov %0, fp" : "=r" (fp
) : : "cc");
192 printk("no frame pointer");
194 } else if (verify_stack(fp
)) {
195 printk("invalid frame pointer 0x%08x", fp
);
197 } else if (fp
< (unsigned long)end_of_stack(tsk
))
198 printk("frame pointer underflow");
202 c_backtrace(fp
, mode
);
206 void show_stack(struct task_struct
*tsk
, unsigned long *sp
)
208 dump_backtrace(NULL
, tsk
);
212 #ifdef CONFIG_PREEMPT
213 #define S_PREEMPT " PREEMPT"
222 #ifdef CONFIG_THUMB2_KERNEL
223 #define S_ISA " THUMB2"
228 static int __die(const char *str
, int err
, struct pt_regs
*regs
)
230 struct task_struct
*tsk
= current
;
231 static int die_counter
;
234 printk(KERN_EMERG
"Internal error: %s: %x [#%d]" S_PREEMPT S_SMP
235 S_ISA
"\n", str
, err
, ++die_counter
);
237 /* trap and error numbers are mostly meaningless on ARM */
238 ret
= notify_die(DIE_OOPS
, str
, regs
, err
, tsk
->thread
.trap_no
, SIGSEGV
);
239 if (ret
== NOTIFY_STOP
)
244 printk(KERN_EMERG
"Process %.*s (pid: %d, stack limit = 0x%p)\n",
245 TASK_COMM_LEN
, tsk
->comm
, task_pid_nr(tsk
), end_of_stack(tsk
));
247 if (!user_mode(regs
) || in_interrupt()) {
248 dump_mem(KERN_EMERG
, "Stack: ", regs
->ARM_sp
,
249 THREAD_SIZE
+ (unsigned long)task_stack_page(tsk
));
250 dump_backtrace(regs
, tsk
);
251 dump_instr(KERN_EMERG
, regs
);
257 static arch_spinlock_t die_lock
= __ARCH_SPIN_LOCK_UNLOCKED
;
258 static int die_owner
= -1;
259 static unsigned int die_nest_count
;
261 static unsigned long oops_begin(void)
268 /* racy, but better than risking deadlock. */
269 raw_local_irq_save(flags
);
270 cpu
= smp_processor_id();
271 if (!arch_spin_trylock(&die_lock
)) {
272 if (cpu
== die_owner
)
273 /* nested oops. should stop eventually */;
275 arch_spin_lock(&die_lock
);
284 static void oops_end(unsigned long flags
, struct pt_regs
*regs
, int signr
)
286 if (regs
&& kexec_should_crash(current
))
291 add_taint(TAINT_DIE
, LOCKDEP_NOW_UNRELIABLE
);
294 /* Nest count reaches zero, release the lock. */
295 arch_spin_unlock(&die_lock
);
296 raw_local_irq_restore(flags
);
300 panic("Fatal exception in interrupt");
302 panic("Fatal exception");
308 * This function is protected against re-entrancy.
310 void die(const char *str
, struct pt_regs
*regs
, int err
)
312 enum bug_trap_type bug_type
= BUG_TRAP_TYPE_NONE
;
313 unsigned long flags
= oops_begin();
316 if (!user_mode(regs
))
317 bug_type
= report_bug(regs
->ARM_pc
, regs
);
318 if (bug_type
!= BUG_TRAP_TYPE_NONE
)
321 if (__die(str
, err
, regs
))
324 oops_end(flags
, regs
, sig
);
327 void arm_notify_die(const char *str
, struct pt_regs
*regs
,
328 struct siginfo
*info
, unsigned long err
, unsigned long trap
)
330 if (user_mode(regs
)) {
331 current
->thread
.error_code
= err
;
332 current
->thread
.trap_no
= trap
;
334 force_sig_info(info
->si_signo
, info
, current
);
340 #ifdef CONFIG_GENERIC_BUG
342 int is_valid_bugaddr(unsigned long pc
)
344 #ifdef CONFIG_THUMB2_KERNEL
346 u16 insn
= __opcode_to_mem_thumb16(BUG_INSTR_VALUE
);
349 u32 insn
= __opcode_to_mem_arm(BUG_INSTR_VALUE
);
352 if (probe_kernel_address((unsigned *)pc
, bkpt
))
360 static LIST_HEAD(undef_hook
);
361 static DEFINE_RAW_SPINLOCK(undef_lock
);
363 void register_undef_hook(struct undef_hook
*hook
)
367 raw_spin_lock_irqsave(&undef_lock
, flags
);
368 list_add(&hook
->node
, &undef_hook
);
369 raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore(&undef_lock
, flags
);
372 void unregister_undef_hook(struct undef_hook
*hook
)
376 raw_spin_lock_irqsave(&undef_lock
, flags
);
377 list_del(&hook
->node
);
378 raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore(&undef_lock
, flags
);
381 static int call_undef_hook(struct pt_regs
*regs
, unsigned int instr
)
383 struct undef_hook
*hook
;
385 int (*fn
)(struct pt_regs
*regs
, unsigned int instr
) = NULL
;
387 raw_spin_lock_irqsave(&undef_lock
, flags
);
388 list_for_each_entry(hook
, &undef_hook
, node
)
389 if ((instr
& hook
->instr_mask
) == hook
->instr_val
&&
390 (regs
->ARM_cpsr
& hook
->cpsr_mask
) == hook
->cpsr_val
)
392 raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore(&undef_lock
, flags
);
394 return fn
? fn(regs
, instr
) : 1;
397 asmlinkage
void __exception
do_undefinstr(struct pt_regs
*regs
)
403 pc
= (void __user
*)instruction_pointer(regs
);
405 if (processor_mode(regs
) == SVC_MODE
) {
406 #ifdef CONFIG_THUMB2_KERNEL
407 if (thumb_mode(regs
)) {
408 instr
= __mem_to_opcode_thumb16(((u16
*)pc
)[0]);
409 if (is_wide_instruction(instr
)) {
411 inst2
= __mem_to_opcode_thumb16(((u16
*)pc
)[1]);
412 instr
= __opcode_thumb32_compose(instr
, inst2
);
416 instr
= __mem_to_opcode_arm(*(u32
*) pc
);
417 } else if (thumb_mode(regs
)) {
418 if (get_user(instr
, (u16 __user
*)pc
))
420 instr
= __mem_to_opcode_thumb16(instr
);
421 if (is_wide_instruction(instr
)) {
423 if (get_user(instr2
, (u16 __user
*)pc
+1))
425 instr2
= __mem_to_opcode_thumb16(instr2
);
426 instr
= __opcode_thumb32_compose(instr
, instr2
);
428 } else if (get_user(instr
, (u32 __user
*)pc
)) {
429 instr
= __mem_to_opcode_arm(instr
);
433 if (call_undef_hook(regs
, instr
) == 0)
437 #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_USER
438 if (user_debug
& UDBG_UNDEFINED
) {
439 printk(KERN_INFO
"%s (%d): undefined instruction: pc=%p\n",
440 current
->comm
, task_pid_nr(current
), pc
);
441 dump_instr(KERN_INFO
, regs
);
445 info
.si_signo
= SIGILL
;
447 info
.si_code
= ILL_ILLOPC
;
450 arm_notify_die("Oops - undefined instruction", regs
, &info
, 0, 6);
453 asmlinkage
void do_unexp_fiq (struct pt_regs
*regs
)
455 printk("Hmm. Unexpected FIQ received, but trying to continue\n");
456 printk("You may have a hardware problem...\n");
460 * bad_mode handles the impossible case in the vectors. If you see one of
461 * these, then it's extremely serious, and could mean you have buggy hardware.
462 * It never returns, and never tries to sync. We hope that we can at least
463 * dump out some state information...
465 asmlinkage
void bad_mode(struct pt_regs
*regs
, int reason
)
469 printk(KERN_CRIT
"Bad mode in %s handler detected\n", handler
[reason
]);
471 die("Oops - bad mode", regs
, 0);
476 static int bad_syscall(int n
, struct pt_regs
*regs
)
478 struct thread_info
*thread
= current_thread_info();
481 if ((current
->personality
& PER_MASK
) != PER_LINUX
&&
482 thread
->exec_domain
->handler
) {
483 thread
->exec_domain
->handler(n
, regs
);
487 #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_USER
488 if (user_debug
& UDBG_SYSCALL
) {
489 printk(KERN_ERR
"[%d] %s: obsolete system call %08x.\n",
490 task_pid_nr(current
), current
->comm
, n
);
491 dump_instr(KERN_ERR
, regs
);
495 info
.si_signo
= SIGILL
;
497 info
.si_code
= ILL_ILLTRP
;
498 info
.si_addr
= (void __user
*)instruction_pointer(regs
) -
499 (thumb_mode(regs
) ? 2 : 4);
501 arm_notify_die("Oops - bad syscall", regs
, &info
, n
, 0);
506 static long do_cache_op_restart(struct restart_block
*);
509 __do_cache_op(unsigned long start
, unsigned long end
)
512 unsigned long chunk
= PAGE_SIZE
;
515 if (signal_pending(current
)) {
516 struct thread_info
*ti
= current_thread_info();
518 ti
->restart_block
= (struct restart_block
) {
519 .fn
= do_cache_op_restart
,
522 ti
->arm_restart_block
= (struct arm_restart_block
) {
531 return -ERESTART_RESTARTBLOCK
;
534 ret
= flush_cache_user_range(start
, start
+ chunk
);
540 } while (start
< end
);
545 static long do_cache_op_restart(struct restart_block
*unused
)
547 struct arm_restart_block
*restart_block
;
549 restart_block
= ¤t_thread_info()->arm_restart_block
;
550 return __do_cache_op(restart_block
->cache
.start
,
551 restart_block
->cache
.end
);
555 do_cache_op(unsigned long start
, unsigned long end
, int flags
)
557 if (end
< start
|| flags
)
560 if (!access_ok(VERIFY_READ
, start
, end
- start
))
563 return __do_cache_op(start
, end
);
567 * Handle all unrecognised system calls.
568 * 0x9f0000 - 0x9fffff are some more esoteric system calls
570 #define NR(x) ((__ARM_NR_##x) - __ARM_NR_BASE)
571 asmlinkage
int arm_syscall(int no
, struct pt_regs
*regs
)
573 struct thread_info
*thread
= current_thread_info();
576 if ((no
>> 16) != (__ARM_NR_BASE
>> 16))
577 return bad_syscall(no
, regs
);
579 switch (no
& 0xffff) {
580 case 0: /* branch through 0 */
581 info
.si_signo
= SIGSEGV
;
583 info
.si_code
= SEGV_MAPERR
;
586 arm_notify_die("branch through zero", regs
, &info
, 0, 0);
589 case NR(breakpoint
): /* SWI BREAK_POINT */
590 regs
->ARM_pc
-= thumb_mode(regs
) ? 2 : 4;
591 ptrace_break(current
, regs
);
595 * Flush a region from virtual address 'r0' to virtual address 'r1'
596 * _exclusive_. There is no alignment requirement on either address;
597 * user space does not need to know the hardware cache layout.
599 * r2 contains flags. It should ALWAYS be passed as ZERO until it
600 * is defined to be something else. For now we ignore it, but may
601 * the fires of hell burn in your belly if you break this rule. ;)
603 * (at a later date, we may want to allow this call to not flush
604 * various aspects of the cache. Passing '0' will guarantee that
605 * everything necessary gets flushed to maintain consistency in
606 * the specified region).
609 return do_cache_op(regs
->ARM_r0
, regs
->ARM_r1
, regs
->ARM_r2
);
612 if (!(elf_hwcap
& HWCAP_26BIT
))
614 regs
->ARM_cpsr
&= ~MODE32_BIT
;
618 if (!(elf_hwcap
& HWCAP_26BIT
))
620 regs
->ARM_cpsr
|= MODE32_BIT
;
624 thread
->tp_value
[0] = regs
->ARM_r0
;
628 asm ("mcr p15, 0, %0, c13, c0, 3"
629 : : "r" (regs
->ARM_r0
));
632 * User space must never try to access this directly.
633 * Expect your app to break eventually if you do so.
634 * The user helper at 0xffff0fe0 must be used instead.
635 * (see entry-armv.S for details)
637 *((unsigned int *)0xffff0ff0) = regs
->ARM_r0
;
641 #ifdef CONFIG_NEEDS_SYSCALL_FOR_CMPXCHG
643 * Atomically store r1 in *r2 if *r2 is equal to r0 for user space.
644 * Return zero in r0 if *MEM was changed or non-zero if no exchange
645 * happened. Also set the user C flag accordingly.
646 * If access permissions have to be fixed up then non-zero is
647 * returned and the operation has to be re-attempted.
649 * *NOTE*: This is a ghost syscall private to the kernel. Only the
650 * __kuser_cmpxchg code in entry-armv.S should be aware of its
651 * existence. Don't ever use this from user code.
655 extern void do_DataAbort(unsigned long addr
, unsigned int fsr
,
656 struct pt_regs
*regs
);
658 unsigned long addr
= regs
->ARM_r2
;
659 struct mm_struct
*mm
= current
->mm
;
660 pgd_t
*pgd
; pmd_t
*pmd
; pte_t
*pte
;
663 regs
->ARM_cpsr
&= ~PSR_C_BIT
;
664 down_read(&mm
->mmap_sem
);
665 pgd
= pgd_offset(mm
, addr
);
666 if (!pgd_present(*pgd
))
668 pmd
= pmd_offset(pgd
, addr
);
669 if (!pmd_present(*pmd
))
671 pte
= pte_offset_map_lock(mm
, pmd
, addr
, &ptl
);
672 if (!pte_present(*pte
) || !pte_write(*pte
) || !pte_dirty(*pte
)) {
673 pte_unmap_unlock(pte
, ptl
);
676 val
= *(unsigned long *)addr
;
679 *(unsigned long *)addr
= regs
->ARM_r1
;
680 regs
->ARM_cpsr
|= PSR_C_BIT
;
682 pte_unmap_unlock(pte
, ptl
);
683 up_read(&mm
->mmap_sem
);
687 up_read(&mm
->mmap_sem
);
688 /* simulate a write access fault */
689 do_DataAbort(addr
, 15 + (1 << 11), regs
);
694 /* Calls 9f00xx..9f07ff are defined to return -ENOSYS
695 if not implemented, rather than raising SIGILL. This
696 way the calling program can gracefully determine whether
697 a feature is supported. */
698 if ((no
& 0xffff) <= 0x7ff)
702 #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_USER
704 * experience shows that these seem to indicate that
705 * something catastrophic has happened
707 if (user_debug
& UDBG_SYSCALL
) {
708 printk("[%d] %s: arm syscall %d\n",
709 task_pid_nr(current
), current
->comm
, no
);
710 dump_instr("", regs
);
711 if (user_mode(regs
)) {
713 c_backtrace(regs
->ARM_fp
, processor_mode(regs
));
717 info
.si_signo
= SIGILL
;
719 info
.si_code
= ILL_ILLTRP
;
720 info
.si_addr
= (void __user
*)instruction_pointer(regs
) -
721 (thumb_mode(regs
) ? 2 : 4);
723 arm_notify_die("Oops - bad syscall(2)", regs
, &info
, no
, 0);
727 #ifdef CONFIG_TLS_REG_EMUL
730 * We might be running on an ARMv6+ processor which should have the TLS
731 * register but for some reason we can't use it, or maybe an SMP system
732 * using a pre-ARMv6 processor (there are apparently a few prototypes like
733 * that in existence) and therefore access to that register must be
737 static int get_tp_trap(struct pt_regs
*regs
, unsigned int instr
)
739 int reg
= (instr
>> 12) & 15;
742 regs
->uregs
[reg
] = current_thread_info()->tp_value
[0];
747 static struct undef_hook arm_mrc_hook
= {
748 .instr_mask
= 0x0fff0fff,
749 .instr_val
= 0x0e1d0f70,
750 .cpsr_mask
= PSR_T_BIT
,
755 static int __init
arm_mrc_hook_init(void)
757 register_undef_hook(&arm_mrc_hook
);
761 late_initcall(arm_mrc_hook_init
);
765 void __bad_xchg(volatile void *ptr
, int size
)
767 printk("xchg: bad data size: pc 0x%p, ptr 0x%p, size %d\n",
768 __builtin_return_address(0), ptr
, size
);
771 EXPORT_SYMBOL(__bad_xchg
);
774 * A data abort trap was taken, but we did not handle the instruction.
775 * Try to abort the user program, or panic if it was the kernel.
778 baddataabort(int code
, unsigned long instr
, struct pt_regs
*regs
)
780 unsigned long addr
= instruction_pointer(regs
);
783 #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_USER
784 if (user_debug
& UDBG_BADABORT
) {
785 printk(KERN_ERR
"[%d] %s: bad data abort: code %d instr 0x%08lx\n",
786 task_pid_nr(current
), current
->comm
, code
, instr
);
787 dump_instr(KERN_ERR
, regs
);
788 show_pte(current
->mm
, addr
);
792 info
.si_signo
= SIGILL
;
794 info
.si_code
= ILL_ILLOPC
;
795 info
.si_addr
= (void __user
*)addr
;
797 arm_notify_die("unknown data abort code", regs
, &info
, instr
, 0);
800 void __readwrite_bug(const char *fn
)
802 printk("%s called, but not implemented\n", fn
);
805 EXPORT_SYMBOL(__readwrite_bug
);
807 void __pte_error(const char *file
, int line
, pte_t pte
)
809 printk("%s:%d: bad pte %08llx.\n", file
, line
, (long long)pte_val(pte
));
812 void __pmd_error(const char *file
, int line
, pmd_t pmd
)
814 printk("%s:%d: bad pmd %08llx.\n", file
, line
, (long long)pmd_val(pmd
));
817 void __pgd_error(const char *file
, int line
, pgd_t pgd
)
819 printk("%s:%d: bad pgd %08llx.\n", file
, line
, (long long)pgd_val(pgd
));
822 asmlinkage
void __div0(void)
824 printk("Division by zero in kernel.\n");
827 EXPORT_SYMBOL(__div0
);
833 /* if that doesn't kill us, halt */
834 panic("Oops failed to kill thread");
836 EXPORT_SYMBOL(abort
);
838 void __init
trap_init(void)
843 #ifdef CONFIG_KUSER_HELPERS
844 static void __init
kuser_init(void *vectors
)
846 extern char __kuser_helper_start
[], __kuser_helper_end
[];
847 int kuser_sz
= __kuser_helper_end
- __kuser_helper_start
;
849 memcpy(vectors
+ 0x1000 - kuser_sz
, __kuser_helper_start
, kuser_sz
);
852 * vectors + 0xfe0 = __kuser_get_tls
853 * vectors + 0xfe8 = hardware TLS instruction at 0xffff0fe8
855 if (tls_emu
|| has_tls_reg
)
856 memcpy(vectors
+ 0xfe0, vectors
+ 0xfe8, 4);
859 static inline void __init
kuser_init(void *vectors
)
864 void __init
early_trap_init(void *vectors_base
)
866 #ifndef CONFIG_CPU_V7M
867 unsigned long vectors
= (unsigned long)vectors_base
;
868 extern char __stubs_start
[], __stubs_end
[];
869 extern char __vectors_start
[], __vectors_end
[];
872 vectors_page
= vectors_base
;
875 * Poison the vectors page with an undefined instruction. This
876 * instruction is chosen to be undefined for both ARM and Thumb
877 * ISAs. The Thumb version is an undefined instruction with a
878 * branch back to the undefined instruction.
880 for (i
= 0; i
< PAGE_SIZE
/ sizeof(u32
); i
++)
881 ((u32
*)vectors_base
)[i
] = 0xe7fddef1;
884 * Copy the vectors, stubs and kuser helpers (in entry-armv.S)
885 * into the vector page, mapped at 0xffff0000, and ensure these
886 * are visible to the instruction stream.
888 memcpy((void *)vectors
, __vectors_start
, __vectors_end
- __vectors_start
);
889 memcpy((void *)vectors
+ 0x1000, __stubs_start
, __stubs_end
- __stubs_start
);
891 kuser_init(vectors_base
);
893 flush_icache_range(vectors
, vectors
+ PAGE_SIZE
* 2);
894 modify_domain(DOMAIN_USER
, DOMAIN_CLIENT
);
895 #else /* ifndef CONFIG_CPU_V7M */
897 * on V7-M there is no need to copy the vector table to a dedicated
898 * memory area. The address is configurable and so a table in the kernel